（《纲目》）
【释名】壁宫（苏恭）、壁虎（时珍）、
弘景曰∶ 蜓喜缘篱壁间。以朱饲之，满三斤杀，干末以涂女人身，有交接事便脱，不
尔如赤志，故名守宫。而蜥蜴亦名守宫，殊难分别。按∶东方朔云∶若非守
恭曰∶ 蜓又名蝎虎，以其常在屋壁，故名守宫，亦名壁宫。饲朱点妇人，谬说也。
时珍曰∶守宫，善捕蝎、蝇，故得虎名。《春秋考异邮》云∶守宫食虿，土胜水也。点
臂之说，《淮南万毕术》、张华《博物志》、彭乘《墨客挥犀》，皆有其法，大抵不真。恐别有
术，今不
在泽中者谓之蜥蜴，楚人谓之蝾螈。
【集解】
时珍曰∶守宫，处处人家墙壁有之。状如蛇医，而灰黑色，扁长官颈，细鳞四足，长者
六、
【附录】十二时虫
时珍曰∶十二时虫，一名避役，出容州、交州诸处，生人家篱壁、树木间，守宫之类也。
大小如指，状同守宫，而脑上连背有肉鬣如冠帻，长颈长足，身青色，大者长尺许，尾与身
等，啮人不可疗。《岭南异物志》言∶其首随十二时变色，见者主有喜庆。《博物志》言∶在
阴多缃绿，日中变易。或青或绿，或丹或黄，或红或赤。《北户录》言不能变十二色，但黄、
褐、青
故得易名
及点臂成志者，恐是此物。若寻常守宫，既不堪点臂，亦未有螫人至死者也。
【气味】咸，寒，有小毒。
【主治】中风瘫痪，手足不举，或历节风痛，及风 惊痫，小儿疳痢，血积
瘰，疗蝎螫（时珍）。
【发明】
时珍曰∶守宫，旧附见于石龙下，云不入药用。近时方术多用之。杨仁斋言∶惊痫皆心
血不足，其血与心血相类，故治惊痫。取其血以补心。其说近似
蝎虿乃治风要药。故守宫所治风
治血病疮疡。守宫祛风，石龙利水，功用自别，不可不知。
【附方】新十四。
小儿脐风∶用壁虎后半截焙为末，男用女乳，女用男乳，调匀，入稀鸡矢少许，掺舌根
及牙关。仍以手蘸摩儿，取汗出，甚妙。（笔峰《杂兴方》）
（剪去四足，连血研烂），入珍珠、麝香、龙脑香各一字，研匀，以薄荷汤调服。仍先或吐
或下去痰涎，而后
小儿撮口∶用朱砂末安小瓶内，捕活蝎虎一个入瓶中，食砂末月余，待体赤，阴干为末。
每
薄荷汤服三、四分。（方广《附余》）
末少许，薄荷汤调服。继服二陈汤，神效。（《仁斋直指》）瘫痪走痛∶用蝎虎（即 蜓）一
枚
（炙黄），陈皮五分，罂粟壳（蜜炒）一钱，甘草、乳香、没药各二钱半，为末。每服
水煎服。（《医学正传》）
包，煨研），地龙五条（生研），草乌头三枚（生研），木香五钱，乳香末二钱
龙脑五分，合研成膏。入酒糊捣，丸如梧桐子大。每日空心乳香酒服三十丸，取效。（《总
录》）破伤中风∶身如角弓反张，筋急口噤者，用守宫丸治之。守宫（炙干去足）七枚，天
南
星（酒浸三日晒干）一两，腻粉半钱，为末，以薄面糊丸绿豆大。每以七丸，酒灌下，少顷
汗
出得解，更与一服，再汗即瘥。或加白附子一两，以蜜丸。（《
用东行蝎虎一条（焙干），大蚕砂五升（水淘炒）。各为末，以小麦面四升，拌作络索，曝干
研
末。每服一二合，煎柏叶汤下，日三服，取效。（
研。每日服半分，酒服。（《
作饼
瘦、下痢，证候全备，及无辜疳毒，如邪病者。用干雄蝎虎一个（微炙），蜗牛壳、兰香根、
靛花、雄黄、麝香各一分，龙脑半分，各研为末，米醋煮糊丸黍米大。每脂麻汤下十丸，日
二服，取效。（《奇效良方》）
每以一星敷上即止，神效。（《青囊》）反胃膈气∶地塘虫（即壁虎也）七个（砂锅炒焦），木
香、
人参、朱砂各一钱半，乳香一钱。为末，蜜丸梧子大。每服七丸，木香汤下，早晚各一服。
《
粪
【主治】烂赤眼（时珍）。
【附方】新一。
胎赤烂眼昏暗∶用蝎虎数枚，以罐盛黄土按实，入蝎虎在内，勿令损伤。以纸封口，穿
数孔出气。候有粪数粒，去粪上一点黑者，只取一头白者，唾津研成膏，涂眼睫周回，不得
揩拭。来早以温浆水洗三次，甚效。（《圣济总录》）
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】壁宫（苏恭）、壁虎（李时珍）。
陶弘景说：守宫喜欢沿着篱笆和墙壁爬行。用朱砂喂养它，长到三斤重后杀死，干燥后研成粉末涂抹在女子身上，一旦有房事就会脱落，如果不发生房事则像赤志一样不脱落，所以叫守宫。而蜥蜴也叫守宫，很难区分。据东方朔说：如果不是守宫……
苏恭说：守宫又名蝎虎，因为它常在屋壁上，所以叫守宫，也叫壁宫。用朱砂点涂妇人手臂的说法，是荒谬的。
李时珍说：守宫善于捕捉蝎子和苍蝇，所以得名“虎”。《春秋考异邮》说：守宫吃蝎子，这是土克水的道理。点臂变红的说法，《淮南万毕术》、张华的《博物志》、彭乘的《墨客挥犀》中都有记载这种方法，但大都不真实。恐怕另有法术，现在不再记录。
生活在沼泽中的叫做蜥蜴，楚地人叫它蝾螈。
【集解】
李时珍说：守宫，到处人家墙壁上都有。形状像蛇医（一种无毒小蛇），呈灰黑色，扁平且颈部较长，鳞片细小，有四只脚，长的六寸左右……
【附录】十二时虫
李时珍说：十二时虫，一名避役（变色龙），出产于容州、交州等地，生长在人家的篱笆、树木之间，属于守宫一类。大小如手指，形状同守宫，但脑后连背部有肉质的鬣毛像帽冠，颈长足长，身体青色，大的长约一尺，尾巴与身体等长，咬人无法治疗。《岭南异物志》说：它的头随十二个时辰变色，见到的人主有喜庆之事。《博物志》说：在阴处多呈浅绿色，日中变化。或青或绿，或红或黄，或红或赤。《北户录》说不能变十二种颜色，只是黄、褐、青……所以得名“易”（变）。至于点臂变成赤志的，恐怕是这种动物。如果是寻常的守宫，既不能用来点臂，也没有咬人致死的。
【气味】味咸，性寒，有小毒。
【主治】中风瘫痪，手足不能抬起，或历节风痛，以及风邪引起的惊痫，小儿疳积痢疾，血积瘰疬，治疗蝎子螫伤（李时珍）。
【发明】
李时珍说：守宫，旧版附见于石龙子下，说不入药用。近来方术多用之。杨仁斋说：惊痫都是心血不足，其血与心血相类，所以治疗惊痫。取它的血来补心。这种说法近似合理。
蝎子虿是治疗风病的重要药物。所以守宫所治的风病……治疗血病疮疡。守宫祛风，石龙子利水，功用自然不同，不可不知。
【附方】新收十四首。
小儿脐风：用壁虎后半截焙干研为末，男婴用女乳，女婴用男乳，调匀，加入少许稀鸡矢白，掺入舌根及牙关。仍用手蘸药摩抚婴儿，使其出汗，效果很好。（笔峰《杂兴方》）
（剪去四足，连同血一起研烂），加入珍珠、麝香、龙脑香各一字，研匀，用薄荷汤调服。先让患儿吐出或排出痰涎，然后……
小儿撮口：用朱砂末安在小瓶内，捕活蝎虎一个放入瓶中，让它吃朱砂末一个多月，待身体变红，阴干研为末。每用薄荷汤服三、四分。（方广《附余》）
末少许，薄荷汤调服。继服二陈汤，神效。（《仁斋直指》）瘫痪走痛：用蝎虎（即守宫）一枚（炙黄），陈皮五分，罂粟壳（蜜炒）一钱，甘草、乳香、没药各二钱半，研为末。每服用水煎服。（《医学正传》）
包，煨研），地龙五条（生研），草乌头三枚（生研），木香五钱，乳香末二钱，龙脑五分，合研成膏。入酒糊捣，丸如梧桐子大。每日空腹用乳香酒送服三十丸，取效。（《总录》）破伤中风：身体像角弓反张，筋急口噤者，用守宫丸治疗。守宫（炙干去足）七枚，天南星（酒浸三日晒干）一两，腻粉半钱，研为末，用薄面糊丸绿豆大。每次用七丸，酒灌下，一会儿汗出得解，再给一服，再出汗即痊愈。或加白附子一两，以蜜丸。（《……》）
用东行蝎虎一条（焙干），大蚕砂五升（水淘炒）。各为末，用小麦面四升，拌作络索，曝干研末。每服一二合，煎柏叶汤下，日三服，取效。（……）
研。每日服半分，酒服。（《……》）
作饼
瘦、下痢，证候全备，及无辜疳毒，如邪病者。用干雄蝎虎一个（微炙），蜗牛壳、兰香根、靛花、雄黄、麝香各一分，龙脑半分，各研为末，米醋煮糊丸黍米大。每用脂麻汤送下十丸，日二服，取效。（《奇效良方》）
每以一星敷上即止，神效。（《青囊》）反胃膈气：地塘虫（即壁虎也）七个（砂锅炒焦），木香、人参、朱砂各一钱半，乳香一钱。研为末，蜜丸梧子大。每服七丸，木香汤下，早晚各一服。《……》粪
【附方】新一首。
胎赤烂眼昏暗：用蝎虎数枚，用罐盛黄土按实，放入蝎虎在内，不要损伤。用纸封口，穿数孔出气。等到排出几粒粪便，去掉上面一点黑色的，只取一头白色的部分，用唾液研成膏，涂在眼睫周围，不得揩拭。第二天早晨用温浆水洗三次，效果很好。（《圣济总录》）
(Into the Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Bi Gong (Su Gong), Bi Hu (Li Shizhen).
Tao Hongjing stated: The shou gong (Gecko, *Gekko gecko*) likes to climb along fences and walls. If fed with cinnabar until it reaches three jin in weight, then killed, dried, and ground into powder to apply on a woman's body, it will shed upon sexual intercourse; otherwise, it remains like chi zhi (a red mark), hence the name "Shou Gong" (Guarding the Palace). However, the lizard is also called Shou Gong, making them difficult to distinguish. According to Dongfang Shuo: If not Shou Gong...
Su Gong stated: Shou Gong is also known as Xie Hu (Scorpion Tiger), named so because it often stays on house walls; it is also called Bi Gong. The method of applying cinnabar to a woman's arm is absurd.
Li Shizhen stated: Shou Gong is good at catching scorpions and flies, thus earning the name "Hu" (Tiger). The *Chunqiu Kaoyiyou* states: Shou Gong eats scorpions, which represents Earth overcoming Water. The theory of the arm turning red, recorded in *Huainan Wanbi Shu*, Zhang Hua's *Bowuzhi*, and Peng Cheng's *Moke Huixi*, all describe this method, but they are largely untrue. There may be other techniques, which are not recorded here.
Those living in marshes are called Lizards (Xiyi); people in Chu call them Rongyuan.
[Ji Jie - Collection and Explanation]
Li Shizhen stated: Shou Gong is found on the walls of households everywhere. Its shape resembles a small non-venomous snake (Sheyi), grayish-black in color, flat with a relatively long neck, fine scales, and four legs; those that grow large reach about six cun in length...
[Appendix] Twelve-Hour Insect
Li Shizhen stated: The Twelve-Hour Insect, also known as Bi Yi (Chameleon), originates from Rongzhou, Jiaozhou, etc., living among fences and trees around houses; it belongs to the Shou Gong category. It is finger-sized, similar in shape to Shou Gong, but has a fleshy crest on the back connected to the head resembling a cap, with a long neck and long legs. Its body is greenish-blue; large specimens can reach up to one chi in length, with a tail equal to its body length. Its bite is incurable. The *Lingnan Yiwu Zhi* states: Its head changes color according to the twelve two-hour periods; seeing it signifies joy and celebration. The *Bowuzhi* states: In shade, it is mostly light green; at noon, it changes. It may be green, blue-green, red, yellow, crimson, or dark red. The *Beihu Lu* states it cannot change twelve colors, only yellow, brown, green... hence the name "Yi" (Change). As for those whose arms turn red after cinnabar application, it is likely this creature. Ordinary Shou Gong cannot be used for this purpose, nor does it have bites that cause death.
[Qi Wei - Flavor and Nature]
Salty, Cold, slightly toxic.
[ Zhu Zhi - Indications]
Apoplexy with paralysis, inability to move hands and feet, or generalized joint wind-pain, as well as wind-induced Jing-Xian (Convulsions/Epilepsy), pediatric Gan accumulation with dysentery, blood stasis with Luoli (scrofula), and treatment for scorpion stings (Li Shizhen).
[Fa Ming - Elucidation]
Li Shizhen stated: Previously, Shou Gong was listed under Shi Long Zi (Skink) with the note that it was not used medicinally. Recently, various medical arts have frequently used it. Yang Renzhai said: Jing-Xian (Convulsions/Epilepsy) are caused by insufficient Heart Blood; since its blood is similar to Heart Blood, it treats Jing-Xian by taking its blood to tonify the Heart. This explanation is approximately reasonable.
Scorpions are important herbs for treating Wind diseases. Therefore, the Wind diseases treated by Shou Gong... treat blood disorders and sores. Shou Gong dispels Wind, while Shi Long Zi promotes urination; their functions are distinct and must be understood.
[Fu Fang - Prescriptions] Fourteen new prescriptions.
Pediatric Umbilical Wind: Use the posterior half of a Gecko, roasted and ground into powder. For male infants, mix with female breast milk; for female infants, use male breast milk. Blend evenly, add a small amount of diluted chicken droppings white matter, and sprinkle onto the root of the tongue and jaw. Rub the infant with the hand dipped in the medicine to induce sweating; very effective. (*Zaxing Fang* by Bifeng)
(Cut off the four feet, grind together with blood), add Pearl, Musk, and Borneolum Syntheticum (Long Nao Xiang), each one qian, grind uniformly, and take mixed with Mint Decoction. First, allow the patient to vomit or expel phlegm-saliva, then...
Pediatric Mouth Grasping: Place Cinnabar powder in a small bottle, catch one live Scorpion-Tiger (Gecko) and put it in the bottle. Let it eat the Cinnabar powder for over a month until the body turns red, dry in shade, and grind into powder. Take 3-4 fen mixed with Mint Decoction. (*Fuyu* by Fang Guang)
A small amount of powder, taken mixed with Mint Decoction. Follow with Er Chen Tang; miraculous effect. (*Zhizhi* by Renzhai) Paralysis and Wandering Pain: Use one Scorpion-Tiger (i.e., Gecko) (roasted until yellow), Chen Pi (Aged Tangerine Peel) 5 fen, Poppy Shell (honey-fried) 1 qian, Gan Cao (Licorice), Ru Xiang (Frankincense), and Mo Yao (Myrrh) each 2.5 qian. Grind into powder. Take with water decoction. (*Yixue Zhengchuan*)
Wrapped, roasted and ground), Di Long (Earthworm) 5 pieces (raw, ground), Cao Wu Tou (Aconite Root) 3 pieces (raw, ground), Mu Xiang (Costus Root) 5 qian, Ru Xiang powder 2 qian, Borneolum Syntheticum 5 fen. Mix and grind into an ointment. Combine with wine paste, knead, and form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills daily on an empty stomach with Frankincense wine for effect. (*Zonglu*) Traumatic Windstroke: Body arched like a bow, muscle stiffness, and locked jaw. Treat with Shou Gong Pill. Shou Gong (roasted dry, feet removed) 7 pieces, Tian Nan Xing (Arisaema Rhizome, soaked in wine for 3 days, sun-dried) 1 liang, Ni Fen (Calomel) 0.5 qian. Grind into powder, make pills with thin flour paste the size of Mung beans. Take 7 pills灌ed down with wine. After a short while, sweating occurs and relief is achieved. Give another dose; if sweating occurs again, recovery follows. Alternatively, add Bai Fu Zi (Typhonium Rhizome) 1 liang, make pills with honey. (...)
Use one East-facing Scorpion-Tiger (roasted dry), Da Can Sha (Silkworm Feces) 5 sheng (washed and stir-fried). Grind each into powder. Mix with 4 sheng of Wheat Flour to make rope-like strands, dry in sun, and grind into powder. Take 1-2 he per dose, taken with Arborvitae Leaf Decoction, three times a day for effect. (...)
Grind. Take 0.5 fen daily, taken with wine. (...)
Make into cakes.
Emaciation, Dysentery, full syndrome presentation, as well as Innocent Gan Toxin resembling evil disease. Use one dry male Scorpion-Tiger (lightly roasted), Snail Shell, Lan Xiang Gen (Orchid Root), Dian Hua (Indigo Flower), Xiong Huang (Realgar), and She Xiang (Musk) each 1 fen, Long Nao (Borneol) 0.5 fen. Grind each into powder, cook rice vinegar into paste to form pills the size of Millet seeds. Take 10 pills per dose with Sesame Seed Decoction, twice a day for effect. (*Qixiao Liangfang*)
Apply one star-shaped piece directly to the affected area to stop pain; miraculous effect. (*Qingnang*) Regurgitation and Chest Qi Stagnation: Seven Di Tang Chong (i.e., Geckos) (stir-fried until scorched in clay pot), Mu Xiang, Ren Shen (Ginseng), and Zhu Sha (Cinnabar) each 1.5 qian, Ru Xiang 1 qian. Grind into powder, make pills with honey the size of Sophora seeds. Take 7 pills per dose with Costus Root Decoction, morning and evening. (...) Excrement
[Zhu Zhi - Indications] Rotting Red Eyes (Li Shizhen).
[Fu Fang - Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Congenital Red Rotting Eyes and Dim Vision: Use several Scorpion-Tigers. Fill a jar with compacted yellow earth, place the Scorpion-Tigers inside without injuring them. Seal with paper, pierce several holes for ventilation. Wait until several pellets of feces are excreted. Remove the black-tipped ones, keeping only the white-headed ones. Grind into paste using saliva. Apply around the eyelashes, do not rub. Wash three times the next morning with warm sour rice water; very effective. (*Shengji Zonglu*)