（音交睛。《拾遗》）
【释名】交 （《说文》）、茭鸡（俗）、 （音坚。出《尔雅》）。
时珍曰∶按∶《禽经》云∶白 相睨而孕， 睛交而孕。又曰∶旋目其名 ，
名，交目其名 。观其眸子，而命名之义备矣。《说文》谓之交 ， 亦目瞳子也
茭鸡，云多居茭菰中，而脚高似鸡。其说亦通。
【集解】藏器曰∶ ，水鸟也，出南方池泽。似鸭绿衣。人家养之，驯扰不去。可厌
火灾。《异物志》云∶ 巢于高树颠，生子穴中，衔其母翼，飞下饮食。
时珍曰∶ 大如凫、 ，而高似鸡，长喙好啄，其顶有红毛如冠，翠鬣碧斑，丹嘴
青胫。养之可玩。
肉
【气味】甘、咸，平，无毒。
【主治】炙食，解诸鱼、虾毒（时珍）。
【附录】旋目。水鸟也，生荆郢间。大如鹭而短尾，红白色，深目，目旁毛皆长而旋。
《上林赋》云“交睛旋目”，是矣。
方目
一名 （音纺），一名泽虞，俗名护田鸟。西人谓之蛤蟆护，水鸟也。常在田泽中，形
似鸥、鹭，苍黑色，头有白肉冠，赤足。见人辄鸣唤不去。渔人呼为乌鸡，闽人讹为姑鸡。
（《食物》）
【释名】鹭鸶（《禽经》）、丝禽（陆龟蒙）、雪客（李 所命）、舂锄（《尔雅》）、白鸟。
时珍曰∶《禽经》云∶ 飞则霜，鹭飞则露。其名以此。步于浅水，好自低昂，如舂如
锄之状，故曰舂锄。陆玑《诗疏》云∶青齐之间谓之舂锄，辽东、吴扬皆云白鹭。
【集解】时珍曰∶鹭，水鸟也。林栖水食，群飞成序。洁白如雪，颈细而长，脚青善翘
，高尺余，解指短尾，喙长三寸。顶有长毛十数茎，毵毵然如丝，欲取鱼则弭之。郭景纯云
∶其毛可为睫 。《变化论》云∶鹭以目盼而受胎。
颖曰∶似鹭而头无丝、脚黄色者，俗名白鹤子。又有红鹤，相类色红，《禽经》所谓“朱
鹭”是也。
肉
【气味】咸，平，无毒。
【主治】虚瘦，益脾补气，炙熟食之（汪颖）。
头
【主治】破伤风，肢强口紧，连尾烧研，以腊猪脂调敷疮口（《救急方》）。
（读音为“交睛”。出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】交 （出自《说文解字》）、茭鸡（俗称）、 （读音为“坚”，出自《尔雅》）。
李时珍说：据《禽经》记载：白色的 互相斜视而受孕， 眼睛转动而受孕。又说：眼睛旋转的名为 ，眼睛相交的名为 。观察它们的眸子，命名的含义就完备了。《说文解字》称其为交 ， 也是指眼瞳子。茭鸡，说是多居住在茭菰（水生植物）中，且脚高像鸡。这种说法也通顺。
【集解】藏器说： ，是水鸟，出产于南方的池塘沼泽。外形像鸭子，羽毛呈绿色。人家饲养它，温顺驯服不离去。可以厌恶火灾（即能预知或避免火灾）。《异物志》说： 在高树顶端筑巢，在洞穴中生下幼子，衔着母亲的翅膀，飞下来饮水进食。
李时珍说： 大小如野鸭、 ，但身高像鸡，嘴长喜欢啄食，头顶有红色的毛像冠一样，翠绿的鬃毛和碧绿的斑纹，红色的嘴和青色的胫骨。饲养它可以供人玩赏。
肉
【气味】甘味、咸味，性平，无毒。
【主治】烤熟食用，可解除各种鱼、虾的毒性（李时珍）。
【附录】旋目。水鸟，生长在荆、郢一带。大小像鹭鸶但尾巴短，颜色红白相间，眼睛深陷，眼睛旁边的毛都长且旋转。《上林赋》说“交睛旋目”，说的就是这个。
方目
又名 （读音为“纺”），又名泽虞，俗称护田鸟。西方人称之为蛤蟆护，是水鸟。常在田间沼泽中，形状像鸥、鹭，颜色苍黑，头上有白色的肉冠，红色的脚。见到人就鸣叫呼唤不肯离去。渔人称为乌鸡，福建人讹传为姑鸡。
（出自《食物本草》）
【释名】鹭鸶（出自《禽经》）、丝禽（陆龟蒙命名）、雪客（李 所命）、舂锄（出自《尔雅》）、白鸟。
李时珍说：《禽经》记载： 飞翔时如霜，鹭飞翔时如露。名字由此而来。它们在浅水中行走，喜欢自己高低起伏，动作像舂米和锄地一样，所以叫舂锄。陆玑《诗经疏》说：青州、齐州之间叫它舂锄，辽东、吴地、扬州都叫它白鹭。
【集解】李时珍说：鹭，是水鸟。栖息在树林，在水边觅食，成群飞翔排列有序。洁白如雪，脖子细而长，脚青色善于翘立，身高一尺多，脚趾分开尾巴短，嘴长三寸。头顶有十几根长毛，细长如丝，想要捕鱼时就收起这些毛。郭景纯说：它的毛可以做假睫毛。《变化论》说：鹭通过眼神盼顾而受孕。
颖说：像鹭但头上没有丝状毛、脚是黄色的，俗称白鹤子。又有红鹤，颜色相似偏红，就是《禽经》所说的“朱鹭”。
肉
【气味】咸味，性平，无毒。
【主治】身体虚弱消瘦，补益脾胃补气，烤熟后食用（汪颖）。
头
【主治】破伤风，肢体僵硬口部紧闭，连尾一起烧成研末，用腊月猪油调和敷在疮口上（《救急方》）。
(Jiao Jing. From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to the Materia Medica].)
**[Names]** Jiao (from *Shuowen Jiezi*); Jiao Ji [Jiao Chicken] (common name); Jian (pronounced "Jian", from *Erya*).
Li Shizhen said: According to *Qin Jing* [Classic of Birds]: White [birds] become pregnant by gazing sideways at each other; [birds with rotating eyes] become pregnant by eye rotation. It also says: Those with rotating eyes are named [character], and those with intersecting eyes are named [character]. By observing their pupils, the meaning behind their names is fully revealed. *Shuowen Jiezi* refers to it as Jiao , where also refers to the pupil of the eye. Regarding Jiao Ji, it is said that they often dwell among Jiaogu [water caltrop plants], and their legs are high like a chicken's. This explanation is also plausible.
**[Collection and Explanation]** Zang Qi said: is a waterbird, found in the ponds and marshes of the South. It resembles a duck with green plumage. When kept by households, it is tame and does not leave. It can ward off fire disasters. *Yiwu Zhi* [Record of Strange Things] states: builds nests at the tops of tall trees, gives birth in holes, carries its mother by the wings, and flies down to drink and eat.
Li Shizhen said: is as large as a wild duck or , but stands as tall as a chicken. It has a long beak and likes to peck. It has red feathers on its crown resembling a crest, emerald plumage with blue-green spots, a red bill, and cyan shanks. Keeping it can serve as an ornament for play.
**Meat**
**[Flavor and Properties]** Sweet, salty, neutral, non-toxic.
**[Indications]** Roasted and eaten, it resolves the toxicity of various fish and shrimp (Li Shizhen).
**[Appendix]** Xuan Mu [Rotating Eye]. A waterbird, growing in the Jing and Ying regions. It is as large as an egret but with a short tail, colored red and white, with deep-set eyes. The feathers around the eyes are long and spiral-shaped. *Shanglin Fu* [Rhapsody on Shanglin Park] mentions "Jiao Jing Xuan Mu," referring to this bird.
Fang Mu [Square Eye]
Also known as (pronounced "Fang"), also known as Ze Yu, commonly called Hutian Niao [Field-Protecting Bird]. Westerners call it Hamahu [Toad Guardian]. It is a waterbird, often found in fields and marshes. Its shape resembles an gull or egret, colored dark black, with a white fleshy crest on its head and red feet. Upon seeing people, it cries out and refuses to leave. Fishermen call it Wuji [Black Chicken], and people in Fujian mispronounce it as Guji.
(From *Shiwu Bencao* [Materia Medica of Foods].)
**[Names]** Lusi [Egret] (from *Qin Jing*); Siquan [Silk Bird] (named by Lu Guimeng); Xueke [Snow Guest] (named by Li ); Chongchu [Pestle and Hoe] (from *Erya*); Bai Niao [White Bird].
Li Shizhen said: *Qin Jing* records: Flies like frost, Lusi flies like dew. Their names derive from this. They walk in shallow water, preferring to lower and raise themselves, resembling the motion of pounding grain or hoeing, hence the name Chongchu. Lu Ji's commentary on the *Classic of Poetry* states: Between Qingzhou and Qizhou, it is called Chongchu; in Liaodong, Wu, and Yang, it is called Bailu [White Egret].
**[Collection and Explanation]** Li Shizhen said: Lu is a waterbird. It dwells in forests and feeds in water, flying in flocks in orderly ranks. It is white as snow, with a thin and long neck, cyan legs good at standing upright, over a chi [approx. 33 cm] high, split toes, short tail, and a three-cun [approx. 10 cm] long bill. On its crown are several dozen long hairs, fine as silk, which it flattens when intending to catch fish. Guo Jingchun said: Its feathers can be used as eyelashes. *Bianhua Lun* [Treatise on Transformation] states: Lu becomes pregnant through eye gazes.
Ying said: Those resembling Lu but without filamentous feathers on the head and with yellow legs are commonly called Baihezi [White Crane Child]. There is also Honghe [Red Crane], similar in appearance but reddish in color, which is what *Qin Jing* refers to as Zhulü [Vermilion Egret].
**Meat**
**[Flavor and Properties]** Salty, neutral, non-toxic.
**[Indications]** For deficiency and emaciation, tonifies the Spleen and benefits Qi. Roasted and eaten (Wang Ying).
**Head**
**[Indications]** For Po Feng [Broken Wind / Tetanus], limb stiffness and tightness of the mouth. Burn the head and tail together into powder, mix with lard from the twelfth lunar month, and apply to the wound (from *Jiuji Fang* [Emergency Prescriptions]).