（宋《开宝》）
【释名】羌桃（《名物志》）、核桃。
颂曰∶此果本出羌胡，汉时张骞使西域始得种还，植之秦中，渐及东土，故名之。
时珍曰∶此果外有青皮肉包之，其形如桃，胡桃乃其核也。羌音呼核如胡，名或以此。
或作核桃。《梵书》名播罗师。
【集解】颂曰∶胡桃生北土，今陕、洛间甚多。大株浓叶多阴，实亦有房，秋冬熟时采
之。出陈仓者，薄皮多肌；出阴平者，大而皮脆，急捉则碎。汴州虽有而实不佳，江表亦时
有之，南方则无。
时珍曰∶胡桃树高丈许，春初生叶，长四、五寸，微似大青叶，两两相对，颇作恶气。
三月开花如栗花，穗苍黄色。结实至秋如青桃状，熟时沤烂皮肉，取核为果。
人多以榉柳接之。案刘恂《岭表录异》云∶南方有山胡桃，底平如槟榔，皮浓而大坚，
多肉少穣。其壳甚浓，须椎之方破。然则南方亦有，但不佳耳。
核仁
【气味】甘，平、温，无毒。
颂曰∶性热，不可多食。
思邈曰∶甘冷滑。多食动痰饮，令人恶心、吐水、吐食物。
志曰∶多食动风，脱人眉。同酒食，多令人咯血。
颖曰∶多食生痰、动肾火。
【发明】震亨曰∶胡桃属土而有火，性热。本草云甘平，是无热矣。然又云动风、脱人
眉，非热何以伤肺耶？
时珍曰∶胡桃仁味甘气热，皮涩肉润。孙真人言其冷滑，误矣。近世医方用治痰气喘嗽
、醋心及疠风诸病，而酒家往往醉后嗜之。则食多吐水、吐食、脱眉，及酒同食咯血之说，
亦未必尽然也。但胡桃性热，能入肾肺，惟虚寒者宜之。而痰火积热者，不宜多食耳。
【主治】食之令人肥健、润肌、黑须发。多食利小便、去五痔。捣和胡粉，拔白须发，
内孔中，则生黑毛。烧存性，和松脂研，敷瘰 疮（《开宝》）。食之令人能食，通润血脉，
骨肉细腻（诜，方见下）。治损伤、石淋。同破故纸蜜丸服，补下焦（颂）。补气养血，润燥
化
痰，益命门，利三焦，温肺润肠，治虚寒喘嗽，腰脚重痛，心腹疝痛，血痢肠风，散肿毒，
发痘疮，制铜毒（时珍）。
油胡桃
【气味】辛，热，有毒。
【主治】杀虫攻毒，治痈肿、疠风、疥癣、杨梅、白秃诸疮，润须发（时珍）。
【发明】韩 曰∶破故纸属火，能使心包与命门之火相通。胡桃属木，主润血养血。血
属阴，阴恶燥，故油以润之。佐破故纸，有木火相生之妙。故古有云∶黄柏无知母，破故纸
无胡桃，犹水母之无虾也。
时珍曰∶三焦者，元气之别使。命门者，三焦之本原。盖一原一委也。命门指所居之腑
而名，为藏精系胞之物。三焦指分治之部而名，为出纳腐熟之司。盖一以体名，一以用名。
其体非脂非肉，白膜裹之，在七节之旁，两肾之间。二系着脊，下通二肾，上通心肺，贯属
于脑。为生命之原，相火之主，精气之腑。人物皆有之，生人生物，皆由此出。《灵枢·本
脏论》已着其浓薄缓急直结之状。而扁鹊《难经》不知原委体用之分，以右肾为命门，谓三
焦有名无状。而高阳生伪撰《脉诀》，承其谬说，以误后人。至朱肱《南阳活人书》、陈言
因方论》、戴起宗《脉诀刊误》，始着说辟之，而知之者尚鲜。胡桃仁颇类其状，而外皮水
汁皆青黑。故能入北方，通命门，利三焦，益气养血，与破故纸同为补下焦肾命之药。夫命
门气与肾通，藏精血而恶燥。若肾、命不燥，精气内充，则饮食自健，肌肤光泽，肠腑润而
血脉通。此胡桃佐补药，有令人肥健能食，润肌黑发固精，治燥调血之功也。命门既通则三
焦利，故上通于肺而虚寒喘嗽者宜之，下通于肾而腰脚虚痛者宜之。内而心腹诸痛可止，外
而疮肿之毒可散矣。洪氏《夷坚志》只言胡桃治痰嗽能敛肺，盖不知其为命门三焦之药也。
油胡桃有毒，伤人咽肺，而疮科取之，用其毒也。胡桃制铜，此又物理之不可晓者。洪迈云
∶迈有痰疾，因晚对，上遣使谕令以胡桃肉三颗，生姜三片，卧时嚼服，即饮汤两、三呷，
又再嚼桃、姜如前数，即静卧，必愈。迈还玉堂，如旨服之，及旦而痰消嗽止。又溧阳洪辑
幼子，病痰喘，凡五昼夜不乳食。医以危告。其妻夜梦观音授方，令服人参胡桃汤。辑急取
新罗人参寸许，胡桃肉一枚，煎汤一蚬壳许，灌之，喘即定。明日以汤剥去胡桃皮用之，喘
复作。仍连皮用，信宿而瘳。此方不载书册，盖人参定喘，胡桃连皮能敛肺故也。
【附方】旧五，新二十七。
服胡桃法∶诜曰∶凡服胡桃不得并食，须渐渐食之。初日服一颗，每五日加一颗，至二
十
青娥丸∶方见草部补骨脂。
胡桃丸∶益血补髓，强筋壮骨，延年明目，悦心润肌，能除百病。用胡桃仁四两，捣膏，
入破故纸、杜仲、萆 末各四两。杵匀，丸梧桐子大。每空心温酒、盐汤任下五十丸。（《
御药院方》）
消肾溢精∶胡桃丸∶治消肾病，因房欲无节及服丹石，或失志伤肾，遂致水弱火强，口
舌
附子一枚（去皮，切片）。姜汁、蛤粉同焙为末，蜜丸梧桐子大。每服三十丸，米饮下。（《
普济方》）
小便频数∶胡桃煨熟，卧时嚼之，温酒下。
石淋痛楚，便中有石子者∶胡桃肉一升，细米煮浆粥一升，相和顿服，即瘥。（崔元亮
《
风寒无汗，发热头痛∶核桃肉、葱白、细茶、生姜等分。捣烂，水一钟，煎七分，热服。
覆衣取汗。（谈野翁方）
痰喘咳嗽∶方见发明。
老人喘嗽气促，睡卧不得，服此立定∶胡桃肉（去皮）、杏仁（去皮尖）、生姜各一两。
研
产后气喘∶胡桃肉、人参各二钱。水一盏，煎七分，顿服。
久嗽不止∶核桃仁五十个（煮熟，去皮），人参五两，杏仁三百五十个（麸炒，汤浸，
去皮）
食物醋心∶胡桃烂嚼，以生姜汤下，立止。（《传信适用方》）
食酸齿 ∶细嚼胡桃即解。（《日华子本草》）
误吞铜钱∶多食胡桃，自化出也。胡桃与铜钱共食，即成粉，可证矣。（李楼方）
揩齿乌须∶胡桃仁（烧过）、贝母各等分。为散，日用之。（《圣惠》）
眼目暗昏∶四月内取风落小胡桃，每日午时食饱，以无根水吞下，偃卧，觉鼻孔中有泥
腥
赤痢不止∶胡桃仁、枳壳各七个，皂角（不蛀者）一挺。新瓦上烧存性，研为细末，分
作八
血崩不止∶胡桃肉十五枚。灯上烧存性，研作一服，空心温酒调下，神效。
急心气痛∶核桃一个，枣子一枚。去核夹桃，纸裹煨熟，以生姜汤一钟，细嚼送下。永
久
小肠气痛∶胡桃一枚，烧炭研末，热酒服之。（《奇效良方》）
便毒初起∶子和《儒门事亲》∶用胡桃七个。烧研酒服，不过三服，见效。杨氏《经验》
∶用胡桃三枚，夹铜钱一个，食之即愈。
鱼口毒疮∶端午日午时，取树上青胡桃，筐内阴干，临时全烧为末，黄酒服。少行一、
二
一切痈肿，背痈、附骨疽，未成脓者∶胡桃十个（煨熟去壳），槐花一两。研末，杵匀，
热
疔疮恶肿∶胡桃一个。平破，取仁嚼烂，安壳内，合在疮上，频换，甚效。（《普济》）
痘疮倒陷∶胡桃肉一枚（烧存性），干胭脂半钱。研匀，胡荽煎，酒调服。（《儒门事亲》）
小儿头疮久不愈∶胡桃和皮，灯上烧存性，碗盖出火毒，入轻粉少许，生油调涂，一、
二次愈。（《保幼大全》）
酒 鼻赤∶方见橘核。
耳出汁∶胡桃仁烧研，狗胆汁和作挺子，绵裹塞之。（《普济方》）
伤耳成疮∶出汁者。用胡桃杵取油纳入。（同上）
火烧成疮∶胡桃仁烧黑，研敷。（《梅师方》）
压扑伤损∶胡桃仁捣，和温酒顿服，便瘥。（《图经本草》）
疥疮瘙痒∶油核桃一个，雄黄一钱，艾叶（杵熟）一钱。捣匀绵包，夜卧裹阴囊，立效。
勿
胡桃青皮
【气味】苦，涩，无毒。
【主治】染髭及帛，皆黑。
志曰∶仙方取青皮压油，和詹糖香，涂毛发，色如漆也。
【附方】新五。
乌髭发∶胡桃皮、蝌蚪等分。捣泥涂之，一染即黑。《总录》∶用青胡桃三枚，和皮捣细
，入乳汁三盏，于银石器内调匀，搽须发三、五次，每日用胡桃油润之，良。
疡风∶青胡桃皮捣泥，入酱清少许、 砂少许合匀。先以泔洗，后敷之。（《外台》）
白癜风∶青胡桃皮一个，硫黄一皂子大，研匀。日日掺之，取效。
嵌甲∶胡桃皮，烧灰贴。
树皮
【主治】止水痢。春月斫皮汁，沐头至黑。煎水，可染褐（《开宝》）。
【附方】新一。
染须发∶胡桃根皮一秤，莲子草十斤。切，以瓮盛之，入水五斗，浸一月去滓，熬至五
升，入芸苔子油一斗，慢火煎取五升收之。凡用，先以炭灰汁洗，用油涂之，外以牛蒡叶包
住
壳
【主治】烧存性，入下血、崩中药（时珍）。
【宋代《开宝本草》】
【释名】羌桃（出自《名物志》）、核桃。
苏颂说：这种果实原本出产于羌胡地区，汉代张骞出使西域时首次获得种子带回，在秦地种植，逐渐传播到东部地区，因此得名。
李时珍说：这种果实外面有青皮果肉包裹，形状像桃子，胡桃就是它的果核。羌字读音类似“核”读作“胡”，名字可能由此而来。
也有写作“核桃”。《梵书》中称为“播罗师”。
【集解】苏颂说：胡桃生长在北方土地，如今陕西、洛阳一带非常多。植株高大，枝叶浓密，树荫浓郁，果实也有房室状结构，在秋冬成熟时采摘。
出产自陈仓的胡桃，皮薄肉多；出产自阴平的胡桃，个头大且皮脆，用力抓握容易破碎。汴州虽然也有胡桃但果实质量不佳，江南地区偶尔也有，南方则没有。
李时珍说：胡桃树高约一丈左右，初春生叶，叶片长四、五寸，微微像大青的叶子，两两相对生长，气味颇难闻。
三月开花，花形像栗花，穗呈苍黄色。结果到秋天时像青桃形状，成熟后外皮和果肉腐烂沤烂，取出果核作为果实食用。
人们多用榉柳嫁接它。据刘恂《岭表录异》记载：南方有山胡桃，底部平坦如槟榔，皮厚而坚硬，肉多肉少。其壳非常厚，必须用椎子敲击才能打破。既然这样，那么南方也有胡桃，只是品质不好罢了。
【核仁】
【气味】味甘，性平、温，无毒。
苏颂说：性热，不可多吃。
孙思邈说：味甘冷滑。多吃会引发痰饮，使人恶心、吐水、吐出食物。
寇宗奭说：多吃会动风，导致眉毛脱落。与酒同食，多使人咯血。
许叔微说：多吃生痰，扰动肾火。
【发明】朱震亨说：胡桃属土而有火，性热。本草说它甘平，是没有热性的表现。但又说它动风、使人掉眉毛，如果不是热性，怎么会伤肺呢？
李时珍说：胡桃仁味甘气热，皮涩肉润。孙真人说它冷滑，是错误的。近代医方用它治疗痰气喘嗽、醋心及麻风等病，而酒客往往醉后喜欢吃它。那么多食导致吐水、吐食、掉眉毛，以及酒同食咯血的说法，也未必完全正确。只是胡桃性热，能入肾肺经，只有虚寒体质的人适宜食用。而痰火积热者，不宜多吃。
【主治】食用它能使人肥壮健壮、滋润肌肤、使须发变黑。多吃能利小便、去除五种痔疮。捣碎混合胡粉，可拔除白须发，塞入孔窍中，则会长出黑毛。烧至存性，与松脂研磨，敷治瘰疬疮（《开宝本草》）。食用它能增进食欲，通畅滋润血脉，使骨肉细腻（诜，方剂见下文）。治疗损伤、石淋。与补骨脂蜜丸服用，可补下焦（苏颂）。补气养血，润燥化痰，益命门，利三焦，温肺润肠，治疗虚寒喘嗽、腰脚重痛、心腹疝痛、血痢肠风，散肿毒，发痘疮，制约铜毒（李时珍）。
【油胡桃】
【气味】味辛，性热，有毒。
【主治】杀虫攻毒，治疗痈肿、麻风、疥癣、杨梅疮、白秃疮等各种疮疡，滋润须发（李时珍）。
【发明】韩祗和说：补骨脂属火，能使心包与命门之火相通。胡桃属木，主润血养血。血属阴，阴恶燥，所以用油来滋润它。配合补骨脂，有木火相生的妙处。所以古语说：黄柏若无知母，破故纸若无胡桃，就像水母离不开虾一样。
李时珍说：三焦是元气的别使。命门是三焦的本原。可以说是一源一流的关系。命门指其所居之腑而得名，是藏精系胞之物。三焦指分治之部而得名，是出纳腐熟之司。可以说一个以体命名，一个以用命名。它的体既不是脂肪也不是肌肉，被白膜包裹，位于第七节脊椎旁边，两肾之间。两条系带连着脊柱，下通两肾，上通心肺，贯穿属于脑。它是生命的本源，相火之主，精气之腑。人和动物都有它，生人生物，都由此而出。《灵枢·本脏论》已经详细描述了它的浓薄缓急直结的状态。而扁鹊《难经》不知道原委体用的区分，将右肾视为命门，认为三焦有名无状。而高阳生伪撰的《脉诀》，承袭了这种谬误，误导后人。直到朱肱《南阳活人书》、陈言《三因方》、戴起宗《脉诀刊误》，才开始著说驳斥它，但知道的人还很少。胡桃仁颇似命门的形状，而其外皮水汁皆青黑色。所以能入北方，通命门，利三焦，益气养血，与补骨脂同为补下焦肾命的药物。命门之气与肾相通，藏精血而恶燥。如果肾、命不燥，精气内充，则饮食自然强健，肌肤光泽，肠腑润滑而血脉通畅。这是胡桃辅助补药，有令人肥健能食，润肌黑发固精，治燥调血的功用。命门既通则三焦利，所以上通于肺而虚寒喘嗽者适宜，下通于肾而腰脚虚痛者适宜。内而心腹诸痛可止，外而疮肿之毒可散。洪氏《夷坚志》只说胡桃治痰嗽能敛肺，大概不知道它是命门三焦的药物。
油胡桃有毒，伤人咽肺，而外科医生取用它，是利用它的毒性。胡桃能制铜，这又是物理中不可理解的地方。洪迈说：我有痰疾，因为晚上陪侍皇帝，皇上派使者告知让我吃三颗胡桃肉、三片生姜，睡觉时嚼服，随即喝两三口汤，再像之前那样嚼桃、姜，然后静卧，必定痊愈。我回到玉堂，遵照旨意服用，到了早晨痰消咳止。又溧阳洪辑的小儿子，患痰喘病，连续五昼夜不吃奶食。医生告知病情危急。他的妻子夜里梦见观音传授药方，令服用人参胡桃汤。洪辑急忙取一寸许的新罗人参、一枚胡桃肉，煎汤约一蚬壳量，灌服，喘息立即平定。第二天用汤剥去胡桃皮服用，喘息又发作。仍然连皮使用，过两夜病愈。此方未载于书册，大概是人参定喘，胡桃连皮能敛肺的缘故。
【附方】旧方五个，新方二十七个。
服胡桃法：孟诜说：凡是服用胡桃不得并食，须慢慢食用。第一天服一颗，每五天加一颗，至二十天……
青娥丸：方剂见草部补骨脂项下。
胡桃丸：益血补髓，强筋壮骨，延年明目，悦心润肌，能除百病。用胡桃仁四两，捣成膏，加入破故纸、杜仲、萆薢末各四两。杵匀，制成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次空腹用温酒或盐汤送服五十丸。（《御药院方》）
消肾溢精：胡桃丸：治疗消肾病，因房事无节制及服用丹石，或失志伤肾，遂致水弱火强，口舌……
附子一枚（去皮，切片）。用姜汁、蛤粉同焙为末，蜜丸梧桐子大小。每次服三十丸，米饮送下。（《普济方》）
小便频数：胡桃煨熟，睡觉时嚼服，温酒送下。
石淋痛楚，便中有石子者：胡桃肉一升，细米煮浆粥一升，混合顿服，即愈。（崔元亮《经验方》）
风寒无汗，发热头痛：核桃肉、葱白、细茶、生姜等分。捣烂，加水一钟，煎至七分，热服。盖衣取汗。（谈野翁方）
痰喘咳嗽：方剂见发明项下。
老人喘嗽气促，睡卧不得，服此立定：胡桃肉（去皮）、杏仁（去皮尖）、生姜各一两。研……
产后气喘：胡桃肉、人参各二钱。水一盏，煎至七分，顿服。
久嗽不止：核桃仁五十个（煮熟，去皮），人参五两，杏仁三百五十个（麸炒，汤浸，去皮）……
食物醋心：胡桃烂嚼，以生姜汤送下，立止。（《传信适用方》）
食酸齿软：细嚼胡桃即解。（《日华子本草》）
误吞铜钱：多吃胡桃，自化出也。胡桃与铜钱共食，即成粉，可证矣。（李楼方）
揩齿乌须：胡桃仁（烧过）、贝母各等分。为散，日用之。（《圣惠方》）
眼目暗昏：四月内取风落小胡桃，每日午时食饱，以无根水吞下，偃卧，觉鼻孔中有泥腥……
赤痢不止：胡桃仁、枳壳各七个，皂角（不蛀者）一挺。新瓦上烧存性，研为细末，分作八……
血崩不止：胡桃肉十五枚。灯上烧存性，研作一服，空心温酒调下，神效。
急心气痛：核桃一个，枣子一枚。去核夹桃，纸裹煨熟，以生姜汤一钟，细嚼送下。永久……
小肠气痛：胡桃一枚，烧炭研末，热酒服之。（《奇效良方》）
便毒初起：子和《儒门事亲》：用胡桃七个。烧研酒服，不过三服，见效。杨氏《经验》：用胡桃三枚，夹铜钱一个，食之即愈。
鱼口毒疮：端午日午时，取树上青胡桃，筐内阴干，临时全烧为末，黄酒服。少行一、二……
一切痈肿，背痈、附骨疽，未成脓者：胡桃十个（煨熟去壳），槐花一两。研末，杵匀，热……
疔疮恶肿：胡桃一个。平破，取仁嚼烂，安壳内，合在疮上，频换，甚效。（《普济方》）
痘疮倒陷：胡桃肉一枚（烧存性），干胭脂半钱。研匀，胡荽煎，酒调服。（《儒门事亲》）
小儿头疮久不愈：胡桃和皮，灯上烧存性，碗盖出火毒，入轻粉少许，生油调涂，一、二次愈。（《保幼大全》）
酒齄鼻赤：方剂见橘核项下。
耳出汁：胡桃仁烧研，狗胆汁和作挺子，绵裹塞之。（《普济方》）
伤耳成疮：出汁者。用胡桃杵取油纳入。（同上）
火烧成疮：胡桃仁烧黑，研敷。（《梅师方》）
压扑伤损：胡桃仁捣，和温酒顿服，便瘥。（《图经本草》）
疥疮瘙痒：油核桃一个，雄黄一钱，艾叶（杵熟）一钱。捣匀绵包，夜卧裹阴囊，立效。勿……
胡桃青皮
【气味】味苦，涩，无毒。
【主治】染髭及帛，皆黑。
寇宗奭说：仙方取青皮压油，和詹糖香，涂毛发，色如漆也。
【附方】新方五个。
乌髭发：胡桃皮、蝌蚪等分。捣泥涂之，一染即黑。《总录》：用青胡桃三枚，和皮捣细，入乳汁三盏，于银石器内调匀，搽须发三、五次，每日用胡桃油润之，良。
疡风：青胡桃皮捣泥，入酱清少许、硇砂少许合匀。先以泔洗，后敷之。（《外台秘要》）
白癜风：青胡桃皮一个，硫黄一皂子大，研匀。日日掺之，取效。
嵌甲：胡桃皮，烧灰贴。
树皮
【主治】止水痢。春月斫皮汁，沐头至黑。煎水，可染褐（《开宝本草》）。
【附方】新方一个。
染须发：胡桃根皮一秤，莲子草十斤。切，以瓮盛之，入水五斗，浸一月去滓，熬至五升，入芸苔子油一斗，慢火煎取五升收之。凡用，先以炭灰汁洗，用油涂之，外以牛蒡叶包住……
壳
【主治】烧存性，入下血、崩中药（李时珍）。
[Song Dynasty *Kaibao Bencao*]
[Nomenclature] Qiangtao (from *Mingwu Zhi*), Walnut.
Su Song stated: This fruit originally originated from the Qiang and Hu regions. During the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions first obtained seeds which were brought back and planted in the Qin region, gradually spreading to the eastern lands, hence its name.
Li Shizhen stated: This fruit is wrapped in green skin and flesh outside, its shape resembling a peach; the walnut is its nut. The pronunciation of "Qiang" sounds like "Hu" for "nut", so the name may derive from this.
It is also written as "Hetao". In Buddhist scriptures, it is called "Boluo Shi".
[Collection and Explanation] Su Song stated: Walnuts grow in northern lands and are now very abundant in Shaanxi and Luoyang areas. The trees are large with dense leaves providing ample shade, and the fruits have chambers. They are harvested when ripe in autumn and winter.
Walnuts from Chencang have thin skins and much meat; those from Yinping are large with brittle skins that shatter if grasped tightly. Although Bianzhou has walnuts, their quality is poor. Jiangbiao occasionally has them, but they are absent in the South.
Li Shizhen stated: Walnut trees are about one zhang high. Leaves emerge in early spring, four or five cun long, slightly resembling leaves of *Isatis tinctoria* (Daqing), growing opposite each other, with a rather unpleasant odor.
Flowers bloom in March, resembling chestnut flowers, with pale yellow spikes. Fruits form by autumn, looking like green peaches; when ripe, the skin and flesh rot and decompose, leaving the nut to be used as food.
People often graft them using Zelkova trees. According to Liu Xun's *Lingbiao Luyi*: There is a mountain walnut in the south, flat at the bottom like a betel nut, with thick and hard skin, more flesh than kernel. Its shell is very thick and must be cracked with a mallet. Thus, walnuts exist in the south, but are of inferior quality.
[Kernal]
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, neutral/warm, non-toxic.
Su Song stated: Hot nature, should not be eaten in excess.
Sun Simiao stated: Sweet, cold, and slippery. Excessive consumption induces phlegm-fluid retention, causing nausea, vomiting of water, and vomiting of food.
Kong Zangshi stated: Excessive consumption moves wind and causes eyebrows to fall out. Consumed with alcohol, it often causes hemoptysis.
Xu Shuwei stated: Excessive consumption generates phlegm and stirs kidney fire.
[Elucidation] Zhu Zhenheng stated: Walnuts belong to Earth and contain Fire, with a hot nature. The Materia Medica states they are sweet and neutral, implying no heat. Yet it says they move wind and cause eyebrow loss; how can they damage the lungs without being hot?
Li Shizhen stated: Walnut kernal is sweet in flavor and hot in qi; the skin is astringent and the meat moist. Sun Simiao's description of it as cold and slippery is incorrect. Recent medical formulas use it to treat phlegm-wheezing coughs, acid regurgitation, and leprosy. Wine drinkers often crave it after intoxication. Therefore, claims that excessive eating causes vomiting of water/food, eyebrow loss, and hemoptysis when taken with wine are not necessarily entirely true. However, walnuts are hot in nature and enter the Kidney and Lung meridians, making them suitable only for deficiency-cold constitutions. Those with phlegm-fire and accumulated heat should not eat them in excess.
[Indications] Eating them makes one fat and strong, moisturizes the skin, and darkens beard and hair. Excessive consumption promotes urination and removes five types of hemorrhoids. Crushed and mixed with lead powder (Hufen), it can remove white hairs; inserted into pores, black hair will grow. Calcined to retain its property and ground with pine resin, it is applied to scrofula ulcers (*Kaibao Bencao*). Eating it improves appetite, unblocks and moistens blood vessels, and refines bones and flesh (Shen, formula below). It treats injuries and stone strangury. Taken as honey pills with Psoralea corylifolia (Pogu Zhi), it tonifies the Lower Jiao (Su Song). It supplements Qi and nourishes Blood, moistens dryness and transforms phlegm, benefits the Mingmen (Gate of Life), benefits the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), warms the Lungs and moistens the intestines, treats deficiency-cold wheezing and cough, heavy and painful waist and legs, heart and abdominal hernia pain, bloody dysentery and intestinal wind, dissipates swelling and toxicity, promotes eruption of smallpox, and controls copper toxicity (Li Shizhen).
[Oil Walnut]
[Properties and Flavor] Pungent, hot, toxic.
[Indications] Kills parasites and attacks toxicity, treating abscesses, leprosy, scabies, tinea versicolor, yaws, and alopecia areata. Moistens beard and hair (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Han Zhihe stated: Psoralea corylifolia belongs to Fire and can connect the Heart Pericardium with the Mingmen Fire. Walnuts belong to Wood, primarily moistening and nourishing Blood. Blood belongs to Yin, and Yin dislikes dryness, so oil is used to moisten it. Assisting Psoralea, it creates the wonder of Wood generating Fire. Hence the ancient saying: If Phellodendron lacks Anemarrhena, Psoralea lacks Walnut, just as the Water Mother cannot exist without the shrimp.
Li Shizhen stated: The Sanjiao is the special envoy of Yuan Qi (Primal Qi). The Mingmen is the root source of the Sanjiao. They share one origin and one branch. Mingmen is named after the residence of the viscera, being the organ storing essence and connecting to the uterus. Sanjiao is named after its divided jurisdictions, being the department responsible for intake, output, and digestion. One is named by substance (Ti), the other by function (Yong). Its substance is neither fat nor muscle, wrapped in a white membrane, located beside the seventh vertebra, between the two kidneys. Two ligaments attach to the spine, connecting downwards to the kidneys, upwards to the heart and lungs, and penetrating to the brain. It is the origin of life, the master of Ministerial Fire, and the storehouse of essence and qi. Both humans and animals possess it; human generation and biological growth all stem from here. *Ling Shu: Ben Zang Lun* already detailed its thickness, laxity, urgency, straightness, and knotting. However, Bian Que's *Nan Jing* did not understand the distinction of origin, branch, substance, and function, regarding the right kidney as the Mingmen and claiming Sanjiao has name but no form. Gao Yangsheng's forged *Mai Jue* inherited this error, misleading later generations. It was not until Zhu Gong's *Nanyang Huoren Shu*, Chen Yan's *San Yin Fang*, and Dai Qizong's *Mai Jue Kan Wu* that these errors were explicitly refuted, yet few still understand. Walnut kernal resembles the Mingmen's shape, and its outer skin juice is green-black. Thus, it enters the North, connects to the Mingmen, benefits the Sanjiao, supplements Qi and nourishes Blood, serving as a medicine to tonify the Lower Jiao Kidney and Mingmen alongside Psoralea. The Qi of the Mingmen communicates with the Kidneys, storing essence and blood while disliking dryness. If the Kidney and Mingmen are not dry, and essence and qi are internally sufficient, then diet becomes robust, skin and muscles lustrous, intestines moist, and blood vessels unblocked. This is the merit of walnuts assisting tonic medicines: making people fat, strong, able to eat, moisturizing skin, darkening hair, consolidating essence, treating dryness, and regulating blood. Once the Mingmen is unblocked, the Sanjiao flows freely; thus, it benefits the upper connection to the Lungs for deficiency-cold wheezing/cough, and the lower connection to the Kidneys for deficiency-pain in waist/legs. Internally, various heart and abdominal pains can cease; externally, toxicity of sores and swellings can dissipate. Hong Shi's *Yijian Zhi* only stated that walnuts treat phlegm-cough by astringing the Lungs, failing to know it is a medicine for the Mingmen and Sanjiao.
Oil walnuts are toxic, damaging the throat and lungs, but dermatologists use them, utilizing their toxicity. Walnuts controlling copper is another physical phenomenon beyond comprehension. Hong Mai said: I had a phlegm disease. Due to late-night audience with the Emperor, an envoy was sent instructing me to chew three walnut kernels and three slices of ginger before sleep, followed by drinking two or three sips of soup, then chewing more walnut and ginger as before, then lying quietly, and I would surely recover. I returned to Yutang and followed instructions. By morning, phlegm vanished and cough stopped. Also, the young son of Hong Ji from Liyang suffered from phlegm-wheezing, unable to nurse or eat for five days and nights. The doctor warned of critical condition. His wife dreamed Guanyin imparting a prescription: Ren Shen Hu Tao Tang. Ji hastily took one cun Xinluo Ginseng and one walnut kernel, decocted in water to the volume of a clam shell, and administered it; wheezing stabilized immediately. The next day, using the decoction with peeled walnuts, wheezing recurred. Using walnuts with skin again, he recovered after two nights. This formula is not recorded in books, likely because Ginseng stabilizes wheezing, and walnuts with skin astringe the Lungs.
[Attached Formulas] Five old, twenty-seven new.
Method of taking walnuts: Meng Shen stated: When taking walnuts, do not eat them all at once; consume gradually. Start with one on the first day, add one every five days, up to twenty...
Qing'e Wan: See Psoralea corylifolia under Herbal Section.
Hetao Wan: Benefits blood and supplements marrow, strengthens sinews and bones, prolongs life and brightens eyes, soothes the heart and moistens skin, eliminates hundred diseases. Use 4 liang Walnut Kernal, pound into paste, add 4 liang each of Psoralea corylifolia, Eucommia bark, and Dioscorea hypoglauca powder. Pound evenly, make pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills each time with warm wine or salt water on an empty stomach. (*Yuyuan Fang*)
Xiaoshen Yijing: Hetao Wan: Treats Xiaoshen disease caused by immoderate sexual desire, ingestion of elixirs/minerals, or emotional injury to the Kidney, leading to weak Water and strong Fire, mouth/tongue...
One Fuzi (peeled, sliced). Roast with Ginger Juice and Mactra Shell Powder to make fine powder, make honey pills size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills each time with rice drink. (*Puji Fang*)
Frequent Urination: Roast walnuts until cooked, chew before sleep, take with warm wine.
Stone Strangury with Pain, Passing Stones: 1 sheng Walnut Meat, 1 sheng Fine Rice Porridge. Mix and take at once, will heal. (Cui Yuanliang)
Wind-Cold with No Sweat, Fever and Headache: Equal parts Walnut Meat, Scallion White, Fine Tea, Ginger. Pound into paste, add one zhong water, decoct to 0.7 zhong, take hot. Cover with clothes to induce sweat. (Tan Ye Weng)
Phlegm-Wheezing Cough: See Elucidation.
Elderly Wheezing/Cough with Shortness of Breath, Unable to Sleep: Walnut Meat (peeled), Apricot Kernel (peeled/cored), Ginger each 1 liang. Grind...
Postpartum Asthma: Walnut Meat, Ginseng each 2 qian. One zhan water, decoct to 0.7 zhan, take at once.
Chronic Cough Unstopping: 50 Walnut Kernels (boiled, peeled), 5 liang Ginseng, 350 Apricot Kernels (bran-fried, soaked in water, peeled)...
Acid Regurgitation from Food: Chew walnut thoroughly, take with Ginger Soup, stops immediately. (*Chuanxin Shi Yong Fang*)
Teeth Softened by Sour Food: Chew walnut finely to resolve. (*Rihua Zi Bencao*)
Accidentally Swallowed Copper Coin: Eat many walnuts, they will dissolve naturally. Walnut eaten with copper coin turns to powder, proving this. (Li Lou)
Teeth Cleaning and Blackening Beard: Walnut Kernal (calcined), Fritillaria bulb equal parts. Make powder, use daily. (*Shenghui Fang*)
Blind/Dim Eyesight: In April, take fallen small walnuts. After full meal at noon, swallow with rainwater, lie down, feel mud/fishy smell in nose...
Unstopping Red Dysentery: 7 Walnut Kernels, 7 Zhiqiao, 1 stick Saponaria (non-bored). Calcine on new tile, grind to fine powder, divide into eight doses...
Unstopping Metrorrhagia: 15 Walnut Meats. Calcine over lamp, grind for one dose, take with warm wine on empty stomach, miraculous effect.
Sudden Heart Qi Pain: One walnut, one date. Remove pit, sandwich walnut, wrap in paper, roast until cooked. Chew finely with one zhong Ginger Soup. Permanent...
Small Intestine Qi Pain: One walnut, burn to charcoal, grind to powder, take with hot wine. (*Qixiao Liang Fang*)
Initial Stage of Groin Abscess: Hezi *Rumen Shishen*: Use 7 walnuts. Burn, grind, take with wine. Within three doses, see effect. Yang Shi *Jingyan*: Use 3 walnuts, sandwich one copper coin, eat to heal.
Fish Mouth Toxic Sore: At noon on Dragon Boat Festival, take green walnuts from tree, dry in basket in shade. Burn completely to powder when needed, take with yellow wine. Walk slightly one or two...
All Abscesses, Back Carbuncle, Deep Bone Abscess, Before Pus Formation: 10 Walnuts (roasted, shelled), 1 liang Sophora Flower. Grind to powder, pound evenly, apply hot...
Carbuncle/Malignant Swelling: One walnut. Split flat, chew kernel, place inside shell, apply to sore, change frequently, very effective. (*Puji Fang*)
Smallpox Inverted/Falling: One Walnut Meat (calcined), 0.5 qian Dry Carmine. Grind evenly, decoct Coriander, take with wine. (*Rumen Shishen*)
Childhood Scalp Sore Not Healing: Walnut with skin, calcine over lamp, cover with bowl to remove fire toxicity, add slight Calomel, mix with raw oil, apply. Heal in one or two times. (*Baoyou Daquan*)
Alcohol Rhinophyma Redness: See Juglans Regia Seed.
Ear Discharge: Walnut Kernal calcined and ground, mix with Dog Gallbladder bile to make suppository, wrap in silk, insert into ear. (*Puji Fang*)
Ear Injury Becoming Sore: With discharge. Pound walnut to extract oil, insert. (Same)
Burn Sore: Walnut Kernal burned black, grind and apply. (*Meishi Fang*)
Compression/Crush Injury: Pound Walnut Kernal, mix with warm wine, take at once, will heal. (*Tujing Bencao*)
Scabies Itching: One Oil Walnut, 1 qian Realgar, 1 qian Mugwort (pounded ripe). Pound evenly, wrap in silk, bind around scrotum at night, immediate effect. Do not...
Green Skin of Walnut
[Properties and Flavor] Bitter, astringent, non-toxic.
[Indications] Dyes beard and silk black.
Kong Zangshi stated: Immortal method takes green skin to press oil, mix with Storax, apply to hair, color like lacquer.
[Attached Formulas] Five new.
Blackening Beard/Hair: Walnut Skin, Tadpoles equal parts. Pound into paste, apply, dyes black instantly. *Zonglu*: Use 3 green walnuts, pound fine with skin, add 3 zhan milk, mix in silver/copper vessel, apply to beard/hair 3-5 times, daily moisturize with walnut oil, good.
Vitiligo-like Disease: Green Walnut Skin pounded to paste, add slight Soy Sauce Clear, slight Nuo Sha, mix evenly. First wash with rice water, then apply. (*Waitai Mi Yao*)
Vitiligo: One Green Walnut Skin, Sulphur size of soap bean, grind evenly. Sprinkle daily until effective.
Ingrown Nail: Walnut Skin, burn to ash, apply.
Tree Bark
[Indications] Stops dysentery. Sap from bark cut in spring dyes head black. Decocted water can dye brown cloth (*Kaibao Bencao*).
[Attached Formulas] One new.
Dyeing Beard/Hair: 1 picul Walnut Root Bark, 10 jin Purslane. Cut, put in urn, add 5 dou water, soak one month, strain, boil to 5 sheng, add 1 dou Rapeseed Oil, slow fire boil to 5 sheng, collect. To use, first wash with charcoal ash water, apply oil, wrap with Arctium leaf...
Shell
[Indications] Calcined to retain property, included in formulas for lower bleeding and metrorrhagia (Li Shizhen).