阴劳细数形尽死，阳劳微革气脱终，枯白颧红一侧卧，嗽哑咽痛咯星红。五脏无胃
为真脏，形肉虽存不久停，一息二至名曰损，一息一至行尸名。大骨枯槁大肉陷，动作益
衰精髓空，真脏未见一岁死，若见真脏克期凶。喘满动形六月死，一月内痛引肩胸，身
热破 肉尽脱，十日之内不能生。真脏脉见目眶陷，目不见人顷刻倾，若能见人神犹持，
至所不胜日时终。
【注】阴虚之劳脉细数，则必形消着骨而后死者，阴主形也。阳虚之劳脉微革，则不
待痿尽忽然而脱者，阳主气也。五脏之脉无和缓象，为无胃之真脏脉，即形肉虽存，亦
必不久于人世也。一息二至，损病之脉也。一息一至，行尸之脉也。大骨，颧、肩、股、腰
之大骨也。大肉，头项、四肢之大肉也。枯槁者，骨痿不能支也。陷下者，肉消陷成坑
也。动作精神渐衰，真脏脉不见，期一岁死，若真脏脉见，遇所不胜之时日凶可期也。若
真藏脉不见，有是证者，喘满动形，六月而死；有是证者，五脏内损，痛引肩胸者，一
月而死；有是证者，肉尽之处，皆枯燥破裂，谓之破 ，身热不已，十日内死。真脏脉见，
目眶下陷，视不见人，顷刻而死。若能见人，则神尚未去，至所不胜之日时而死也。
后天之治本血气，先天之治法阴阳，肾肝心肺治在后，脾损之法同内伤。
【注】后天脾胃水谷生化荣卫，故治法本乎气血。先天肾脏精气生化之原，故治法本
乎阴阳。五脏虚损治法，俱在于后，而脾脏虚损治法已载内伤，故曰同内伤也。
拯阴理劳汤
阴虚火动用拯阴，皮寒骨蒸咳嗽侵，食少痰多烦少气，生脉归芍地版贞。薏苡橘丹
连合草，汗多不寐加枣仁，燥痰桑贝湿苓半，阿胶咳血骨热深。
【注】此方即人参、麦冬、五味、当归、白芍、生地、龟版、女贞、薏苡、橘红、丹
皮、莲子、百合、炙草也。汗多不寐，俱加枣仁。咳而嗽痰，加桑皮、贝母，嗽而湿痰，
加茯苓、半夏。咳嗽、咯血，加阿胶。骨蒸热深，加地骨皮也。
拯阳理劳汤
阳虚气弱用拯阳，倦怠恶烦劳则张，表热自汗身酸痛，减去升柴补中方，更添桂味
寒加附，泻入升柴诃蔻香，夏咳减桂加麦味，冬咳不减味干姜。
【注】此汤即人参、黄 、炙草、白术、陈皮、肉桂、当归、五味子也。倦怠，懒于
动也，恶烦劳动，则气张而喘乏也。恶寒加附子，泄泻仍入升麻、柴胡，更加诃子、肉
蔻、木香也，夏月咳嗽，减肉桂加麦冬、五味子，冬月咳嗽，不减肉桂，更加五味子、干
姜也。
六味地黄汤 都气汤 七味地黄汤 生脉地黄汤 桂附地黄汤 知柏地黄汤 金匮肾气汤
肾虚午热形消瘦，水泛为痰津液伤，咳嗽盗汗失精血，消渴淋浊口咽疮，熟地药萸
丹苓泽，加味劳嗽都气汤，引火归元加肉桂，火妄刑金生脉良。桂附益火消阴翳，知柏壮
水制阳光，车牛桂附名肾气，阳虚水肿淋浊方。
【注】午热，午后发热也。水泛为痰，谓日食饮食所化津液，肾虚不能摄水，泛上为
痰也。盗汗，谓睡而汗出，觉而即止之汗也。失精，遗精也。消渴，谓饮水而即消，渴仍
不止也，淋者，尿淋漓不利也。浊者，尿之前后有浊液也。口咽生疮，虚火炎也。均宜
六味地黄汤治之。劳嗽加味，谓加五味子，名都气汤也。引火归原加肉桂，名七味地黄汤。
火妄刑金加生脉饮，名生脉地黄汤也。桂附，谓加肉桂，附子。知柏，谓加知母、黄柏。车
牛桂附，谓加车前、牛膝、肉桂、附子，名桂附。知柏肾气等汤也。
大补阴丸 滋阴降火汤
大补阴丸制壮火，滋阴降火救伤金，龟版知柏地髓剂，二冬归芍草砂仁，咳加百味
汗地骨，血痰金贝虚 参，虚热无汗宜散火，有汗骨蒸亦补阴。
【注】阴虚火旺，无水以制，宜用大补阴丸滋水制火。方即龟版、知母、黄柏。生地
为末，猪脊髓炼蜜为丸。若火旺无制，妄行伤金，肺痿咳嗽，宜用滋阴降水汤救其伤金。
方即大补阴丸加麦冬，天冬、当归、白芍、炙草、缩砂，咳甚加百合、五味子，盗汗加地
骨皮，咯血加郁金，痰多加川贝母，气虚加人参、黄 。凡虚热如火烙手，无汗者为火
郁，宜升阳散火汤，有汗者为骨蒸，亦宜大补阴丸及滋阴六黄等汤也。
保元汤
一切气虚保元汤， 外参内草中央，加桂能生命门气，痘疮灰陷与清浆。
【注】保元汤，即人参、黄 、炙草也。黄 补表气，人参补里气，炙草补中气，加
肉桂能生命门真气，且能治小儿痘疮灰白、顶陷、清浆。
四君子汤 五味异功汤 六君子汤 七味白术散 四兽饮
脾胃气虚四君子，脉软形衰面白黄，倦怠懒言食少气，参苓术草枣姜强。气滞加陈
异功散，有痰橘半六君汤，肌热泻渴藿木葛，虚疟六君果梅姜。
【注】治气虚兼气滞不快，根据四君加陈皮，名五味异功散。治气虚兼有痰饮，根据四君加
橘红、半夏，名六君子汤。治气虚肌热渴泻，根据本方加藿香、木香、葛根，名七味白术散。
治气虚久疟留连不愈，根据六君子汤，加草果、乌梅、生姜，名四兽饮。
芎归汤 开骨散
一切血病芎归汤，产后胎前必用方，气虚难产参倍入，交骨难开龟发良。
【注】芎归汤，即川芎、当归，又名佛手散。气虚产难或时久伤气。根据本方倍加人参。临
产交骨难开，根据本方加整龟版一具，本人梳下乱发一团，他人梳下之发亦可，名开骨散。
四物汤 圣愈汤 六物汤 加味四物汤 地骨皮饮
调肝养血宜四物，归芎芍地酌相应，气虚血少参 补，气燥血热知柏清。寒热柴丹
炒栀子，但热无寒丹骨平，热甚芩连寒桂附，止血茅蒲破桃红。
【注】调肝养血宜四物汤，即当归、川芎、白芍、熟地黄。酌相应，谓补血用白芍，熟
地，破血用赤芍，凉血用生地。气虚血少，宜加参、 ，名圣愈汤。气燥血热，宜加知、柏
名六物汤。血虚寒热往来，宜加味四物汤，即本方加柴胡、丹皮、炒栀子也。血虚惟发热
不恶寒，宜地骨皮饮，即本方加地骨皮，牡丹皮也。血分热甚，根据本方加黄芩、黄连。寒
甚加肉桂、附子，破血加桃仁、红花，止血加茅根、蒲黄炒黑。
八珍汤 十全大补汤 人参养荣汤
一切气血两虚证，八珍四物与四君，气乏色枯毛发落，自汗盗汗悸忘臻，发热咳嗽
吐衄血，食少肌瘦泄泻频，十全大补加 桂，荣去芎加远味陈。
【注】气虚，四君子汤。血虚，四物汤。气血两虚，八珍汤。八珍者，即四君、四物
也。若有气乏色枯，毛发脱落，自汗盗汗，心悸健忘，发热咳嗽，吐血、衄血，食少肌瘦，
泄泻等证，则宜十全大补汤，即八珍汤加黄 、肉桂也，人参养荣汤，即十全大补汤减
去川芎，更加远志、五味子、陈皮也。
小建中汤 黄 建中汤 当归建中汤 双和饮
虚劳腹痛小建中，悸衄之血梦失精，手
足烦热肢酸痛，芍草饴桂枣姜同，卫虚加 黄 建，荣虚当归建中名，温养气血双和饮，
三方减饴加地芎。
【注】诸虚劳极，里急腹痛，宜以小建中汤温和脾胃。并治里虚心悸，衄下亡血，夜
梦失精，手足烦热，四肢酸痛，血液亏损等证。是方白芍药、甘草、饴糖、中桂、大枣、
生姜也，若卫气虚者，加黄 ，名曰黄 建中汤。若里不急、腹不痛有是证者，则当以
温养气血，用双和饮，即此三方减去饴糖，加入熟地、川芎，乃八珍汤减人参、白术、茯
苓，加黄 、中桂，盖以补阴血为主也。
补肝汤
补肝汤治肝虚损，筋缓不能自收持，目暗KT KT 无所见，四物酸枣草瓜宜。
【注】补肝汤，即当归、川芎、白芍，熟地、酸枣仁、炙草、木瓜也。
加味救肺饮
加味救肺治肺损，嗽血金家被火刑，归芍麦味参 草，百花紫菀马兜铃。
【注】加味救肺饮，即当归、白芍、麦冬、五味子、人参、黄 、炙草、百合、款冬花、
紫菀、马兜铃也。
天王补心丹
天王补心心虚损，健忘神虚烦不眠，柏子味苓归地桔，三参天麦远朱酸。
【注】是方，即柏子仁、五味子，茯苓、当归、生地、桔梗、丹参、人参、元参、天
冬、麦冬、远志、朱砂、酸枣仁。
归脾汤
归脾思虚伤心脾，热烦盗汗悸惊俱，健忘怔忡时恍惚，四君酸远木归 。
【注】悸，心自跳动也，惊，目触物骇也。健忘，言事易忘也。怔忡，心冲动甚也。恍
惚，心时不明也。方乃四君子，加酸枣仁、远志、木香、当归、黄 。
人参固本汤丸 保元生脉固本汤
固本肺肾两虚病，肺痿咳血欲成劳，二冬二地人参共，保元生脉脾同调。
【注】人参固本汤、丸，即人参、天冬、麦冬、生地、熟地也。根据本方再加保元之黄
、炙草，生脉之五味，三方合一，名保元生脉固本汤。同调，谓同调脾、肺、肾三经
虚也。
逍遥散
逍遥理脾而清肝，血虚骨蒸烦嗽痰，寒热颊赤胁不快，妇人经病脉虚弦，术苓归芍
柴薄草，加味栀丹肝热添，肝气滞郁陈抚附，热加吴萸炒黄连。
【注】是方，即白术、茯苓、当归、白芍、柴胡、薄荷、甘草也。肝气热，根据本方加炒
栀子、丹皮，名加味逍遥散。肝气滞加陈皮，肝气郁加抚芎、香附，肝气郁热，加吴茱萸、
炒川黄连。惟薄荷只可少许为引，不宜多用。
【虚劳死证】
阴虚劳损，脉象细数，形体极度消瘦者，预后不良；阳虚劳损，脉象微而革，气息脱失者，最终死亡。若见颧骨部位枯白而两颊泛红，侧身卧倒，伴有咳嗽声哑、咽喉疼痛及咯出少量血丝等症状。五脏失去胃气调和的脉象称为“真脏脉”，即使形体肌肉尚存，生命也不会长久维持。呼吸一息（一次完整的呼吸周期）仅跳动两次，称为“损”病；呼吸一息仅跳动一次，称为“行尸”状态。大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，动作能力日益衰退，精髓空虚。若未见真脏脉，预计一年内死亡；若出现真脏脉，则在相克之日时凶险致死。气喘胸满，身体动摇不安者，六月内死亡；一个月内疼痛牵引至肩胸部者，亦为危候。身体发热，肌肉尽脱者，十日内不能存活。真脏脉出现，眼眶凹陷，眼睛看不见人，顷刻间就会死亡；若能看见人，说明神气尚存，但会在相克之日时终结生命。
【注】阴虚导致的劳损，脉象细数，必然导致形体消瘦贴骨而后死亡，因为阴主形体。阳虚导致的劳损，脉象微而革，不待形体痿废殆尽便忽然气脱死亡，因为阳主气机。五脏的脉象没有和缓之象，即为无胃气的真脏脉，即使形体肌肉尚存，也必定不久于人世。一息二至，是损病的脉象。一息一至，是行尸的脉象。大骨，指颧骨、肩骨、股骨、腰骨等大骨。大肉，指头颈、四肢的大肌肉群。枯槁，指骨痿弱无法支撑身体。陷下，指肌肉消减凹陷成坑。动作精神逐渐衰退，若不见真脏脉，预期一年死亡；若见到真脏脉，遇到相克之时日则凶险可期。若真脏脉未见，但有此证候，气喘胸满身体动摇者，六月而死；有此证候，五脏内部受损，疼痛牵引肩胸者，一月而死；有此证候，肌肉尽处皆枯燥破裂，称为“破䐃”（皮肤肌肉干枯破裂），身体发热不退，十日内死亡。真脏脉出现，眼眶下陷，视物不见人，顷刻而死。若能看见人，则神气尚未离去，将在相克之日时死亡。
【虚劳治法】
后天之治本在于血气，先天之治法在于阴阳。肾、肝、心、肺的治疗在后，脾脏虚损的治疗方法同于内伤科。
【注】后天脾胃运化水谷以生化营卫之气，故治疗方法根本在于调理气血。先天肾脏精气是生化之源，故治疗方法根本在于调理阴阳。五脏虚损的治疗方法，大多归于后天生化范畴，而脾脏虚损的治疗方法已记载在《内伤》篇中，所以说与内伤相同。
拯阴理劳汤
阴虚火旺动用法用拯阴理劳汤，症状包括皮肤寒冷、骨蒸潮热、咳嗽侵袭、食少痰多、心烦少气。方由生脉散合当归、白芍、生地、龟版、女贞子组成。若加薏苡仁、橘红、丹皮、莲子、百合、炙甘草，汗多不寐加枣仁，燥痰加桑白皮、贝母，湿痰加茯苓、半夏，咳血加阿胶，骨热深重加地骨皮。
【注】此方即人参、麦冬、五味子、当归、白芍、生地、龟版、女贞子、薏苡仁、橘红、丹皮、莲子、百合、炙甘草组成。汗多不寐，均加枣仁。咳而嗽痰，加桑白皮、贝母；嗽而湿痰，加茯苓、半夏。咳嗽、咯血，加阿胶。骨蒸热深，加地骨皮。
拯阳理劳汤
阳虚气弱用法用拯阳理劳汤，症状包括倦怠、恶烦劳则气张喘乏、表热自汗、身体酸痛。基础方减去升麻、柴胡，加入补中益气之意。更添肉桂、五味子，若寒甚加附子；若泄泻仍入升麻、柴胡，更加诃子、肉蔻、木香。夏月咳嗽减肉桂加麦冬、五味子，冬月咳嗽不减肉桂，更加五味子、干姜。
【注】此汤即人参、黄芪、炙甘草、白术、陈皮、肉桂、当归、五味子组成。倦怠，懒于活动，厌恶烦劳动作，则气张而喘乏。恶寒加附子，泄泻仍入升麻、柴胡，更加诃子、肉豆蔻、木香。夏月咳嗽，减肉桂加麦冬、五味子；冬月咳嗽，不减肉桂，更加五味子、干姜。
六味地黄汤、都气汤、七味地黄汤、生脉地黄汤、桂附地黄汤、知柏地黄汤、金匮肾气汤
肾虚午后发热，形体消瘦，水泛为痰，津液损伤，咳嗽盗汗，遗精失血，消渴，淋浊，口咽生疮。方用熟地黄、山药、山茱萸、牡丹皮、茯苓、泽泻。加味劳嗽用都气汤（加五味子），引火归元用七味地黄汤（加肉桂），火妄刑金用生脉地黄汤（加生脉饮）。桂附益火消阴翳用桂附地黄汤（加肉桂、附子），知柏壮水制阳光用知柏地黄汤（加知母、黄柏）。车前、牛膝、桂、附名肾气汤，用于阳虚水肿、淋浊。
【注】午热，指午后发热。水泛为痰，谓日常饮食所化津液，肾虚不能摄水，泛上为痰。盗汗，谓睡而汗出，觉而即止之汗。失精，即遗精。消渴，谓饮水而即消，渴仍不止。淋者，尿淋漓不利。浊者，尿之前后有浊液。口咽生疮，为虚火炎上。均宜六味地黄汤治之。劳嗽加味，谓加五味子，名都气汤。引火归原加肉桂，名七味地黄汤。火妄刑金加生脉饮，名生脉地黄汤。桂附，谓加肉桂、附子。知柏，谓加知母、黄柏。车前、牛膝、桂、附，谓加车前子、牛膝、肉桂、附子，名桂附肾气等汤。
大补阴丸、滋阴降火汤
大补阴丸制约壮火，滋阴降火救伤肺金。方用龟版、知母、黄柏、熟地为髓剂，加天冬、麦冬、当归、白芍、甘草、砂仁。咳加百合、五味子，盗汗加地骨皮，咯血加郁金，痰多加川贝母，气虚加人参、黄芪。凡虚热如火烙手，无汗者为火郁，宜升阳散火汤；有汗者为骨蒸，亦宜大补阴丸及滋阴六黄等汤。
【注】阴虚火旺，无水以制，宜用大补阴丸滋水制火。方即龟版、知母、黄柏、熟地为末，猪脊髓炼蜜为丸。若火旺无制，妄行伤金，肺痿咳嗽，宜用滋阴降火汤救其伤金。方即大补阴丸加麦冬、天冬、当归、白芍、炙草、缩砂。咳甚加百合、五味子，盗汗加地骨皮，咯血加郁金，痰多加川贝母，气虚加人参、黄芪。凡虚热如火烙手，无汗者为火郁，宜升阳散火汤；有汗者为骨蒸，亦宜大补阴丸及滋阴六黄等汤。
保元汤
一切气虚证用保元汤，表补气用黄芪，里补气用人参，中气用炙甘草。加肉桂能温命门真气，且能治小儿痘疮灰白、顶陷、清浆。
【注】保元汤，即人参、黄芪、炙甘草。黄芪补表气，人参补里气，炙草补中气，加肉桂能温命门真气，且能治小儿痘疮灰白、顶陷、清浆。
四君子汤、五味异功散、六君子汤、七味白术散、四兽饮
脾胃气虚用四君子汤，脉软形衰面白黄，倦怠懒言食少气。方用人参、茯苓、白术、甘草、大枣、生姜以强脾胃。气滞加陈皮为五味异功散；有痰加橘红、半夏为六君子汤；肌热泻渴加藿香、木香、葛根为七味白术散；虚疟久留加草果、乌梅、生姜为四兽饮。
【注】治气虚兼气滞不快，根据四君加陈皮，名五味异功散。治气虚兼有痰饮，根据四君加橘红、半夏，名六君子汤。治气虚肌热渴泻，根据本方加藿香、木香、葛根，名七味白术散。治气虚久疟留连不愈，根据六君子汤，加草果、乌梅、生姜，名四兽饮。
芎归汤、开骨散
一切血病用芎归汤，产后胎前必用方。气虚难产倍加人参，交骨难开加龟发良。
【注】芎归汤，即川芎、当归，又名佛手散。气虚产难或时久伤气，根据本方倍加人参。临产交骨难开，根据本方加整龟版一具，本人梳下乱发一团，他人梳下之发亦可，名开骨散。
四物汤、圣愈汤、六物汤、加味四物汤、地骨皮饮
调肝养血宜四物汤，当归、川芎、白芍、熟地酌相应。气虚血少加参、芪补，名圣愈汤；气燥血热加知、柏清，名六物汤。寒热往来加柴胡、丹皮、炒栀子，为加味四物汤；但热无寒加地骨皮、牡丹皮，为地骨皮饮。血分热甚加黄芩、黄连，寒甚加肉桂、附子，破血加桃仁、红花，止血加茅根、蒲黄炒黑。
【注】调肝养血宜四物汤，即当归、川芎、白芍、熟地黄。酌相应，谓补血用白芍、熟地，破血用赤芍，凉血用生地。气虚血少，宜加参、芪，名圣愈汤。气燥血热，宜加知、柏，名六物汤。血虚寒热往来，宜加味四物汤，即本方加柴胡、丹皮、炒栀子也。血虚惟发热不恶寒，宜地骨皮饮，即本方加地骨皮、牡丹皮也。血分热甚，根据本方加黄芩、黄连。寒甚加肉桂、附子，破血加桃仁、红花，止血加茅根、蒲黄炒黑。
八珍汤、十全大补汤、人参养荣汤
一切气血两虚证，八珍汤由四物汤与四君子汤组成。气乏色枯毛发落，自汗盗汗心悸忘臻，发热咳嗽吐衄血，食少肌瘦泄泻频。十全大补汤加黄芪、肉桂；人参养荣汤去川芎，加远志、五味子、陈皮。
【注】气虚，四君子汤。血虚，四物汤。气血两虚，八珍汤。八珍者，即四君、四物也。若有气乏色枯，毛发脱落，自汗盗汗，心悸健忘，发热咳嗽，吐血、衄血，食少肌瘦，泄泻等证，则宜十全大补汤，即八珍汤加黄芪、肉桂也。人参养荣汤，即十全大补汤减去川芎，更加远志、五味子、陈皮也。
小建中汤、黄芪建中汤、当归建中汤、双和饮
虚劳腹痛用小建中汤，并治悸衄之血、梦失精、手足烦热、肢酸痛。方由白芍、甘草、饴糖、桂枝、大枣、生姜同用。卫虚加黄芪建中，荣虚加当归建中名。温养气血用双和饮，三方减饴加地芎。
【注】诸虚劳极，里急腹痛，宜以小建中汤温和脾胃。并治里虚心悸，衄下亡血，夜梦失精，手足烦热，四肢酸痛，血液亏损等证。是方白芍药、甘草、饴糖、中桂、大枣、生姜也。若卫气虚者，加黄芪，名曰黄芪建中汤。若里不急、腹不痛有是证者，则当以温养气血，用双和饮，即此三方减去饴糖，加入熟地、川芎，乃八珍汤减人参、白术、茯苓，加黄芪、中桂，盖以补阴血为主也。
补肝汤
补肝汤治肝虚损，筋缓不能自收持，目暗KT KT无所见。方用四物汤加酸枣仁、甘草、木瓜。
【注】补肝汤，即当归、川芎、白芍、熟地、酸枣仁、炙草、木瓜也。
加味救肺饮
加味救肺治肺损，嗽血金家被火刑。方用当归、白芍、麦冬、五味子、人参、黄芪、炙草、百合、款冬花、紫菀、马兜铃。
【注】加味救肺饮，即当归、白芍、麦冬、五味子、人参、黄芪、炙草、百合、款冬花、紫菀、马兜铃也。
天王补心丹
天王补心心虚损，健忘神虚烦不眠。方用柏子仁、五味子、茯苓、当归、生地、桔梗、丹参、人参、元参、天冬、麦冬、远志、朱砂、酸枣仁。
【注】是方，即柏子仁、五味子、茯苓、当归、生地、桔梗、丹参、人参、元参、天冬、麦冬、远志、朱砂、酸枣仁。
归脾汤
归脾思虑虚伤心脾，热烦盗汗悸惊俱，健忘怔忡时恍惚。方乃四君子汤加酸枣仁、远志、木香、当归、黄芪。
【注】悸，心自跳动也，惊，目触物骇也。健忘，言事易忘也。怔忡，心冲动甚也。恍惚，心时不明也。方乃四君子，加酸枣仁、远志、木香、当归、黄芪。
人参固本汤丸、保元生脉固本汤
固本治肺肾两虚病，肺痿咳血欲成劳。方用人参、天冬、麦冬、生地、熟地共奏。保元生脉固本汤则脾同调。
【注】人参固本汤、丸，即人参、天冬、麦冬、生地、熟地也。根据本方再加保元之黄芪、炙草，生脉之五味子，三方合一，名保元生脉固本汤。同调，谓同调脾、肺、肾三经虚也。
逍遥散
逍遥理脾而清肝，血虚骨蒸烦嗽痰，寒热颊赤胁不快，妇人经病脉虚弦。方用白术、茯苓、当归、白芍、柴胡、薄荷、甘草。加味栀丹治肝热添，肝气滞郁加陈抚附，热加吴萸炒黄连。
【注】是方，即白术、茯苓、当归、白芍、柴胡、薄荷、甘草也。肝气热，根据本方加炒栀子、丹皮，名加味逍遥散。肝气滞加陈皮，肝气郁加抚芎、香附，肝气郁热，加吴茱萸、炒川黄连。惟薄荷只可少许为引，不宜多用。
[Death Signs of Consumption]
In Yin consumption, if the pulse is fine and rapid and the body is extremely emaciated, the prognosis is poor. In Yang consumption, if the pulse is faint and革 (leather-like) and Qi escapes, death will eventually occur. If the cheekbones appear withered and white while the cheeks are red, lying on one side, accompanied by hoarse cough, sore throat, and spitting of small amounts of blood, these are signs of severe deficiency. When the pulses of the Five Zang organs lose the harmonious quality of Stomach Qi, it is called "True Zang Pulse" (Zhen Zang Mai). Even if the flesh remains, life will not be sustained for long. A respiration cycle with only two pulse beats is called "Sun" disease; one with only one pulse beat is called "Walking Corpse" state. Withered large bones and sunken large muscles, declining motor function, and emptiness of essence and marrow indicate severe depletion. If the True Zang Pulse is not yet seen, death is expected within one year; if it appears, death is imminent during the phase governed by the element that overcomes the diseased organ. Six months to death if panting, chest fullness, and bodily tremors occur. One month to death if pain radiates to the shoulder and chest within a month. Ten days to death if fever persists and muscles are completely wasted. If the True Zang Pulse appears, eye sockets are sunken, and the patient cannot see people, death occurs instantly. If the patient can still see people, Shen (Spirit) is still present, but death will occur during the overcoming phase's time.
[Note] Yin deficiency consumption with a fine and rapid pulse leads to extreme emaciation before death, as Yin governs form. Yang deficiency consumption with a faint and leather-like pulse leads to sudden Qi collapse before physical wasting is complete, as Yang governs Qi. The absence of a mild and harmonious quality in the pulses of the Five Zang organs indicates the loss of Stomach Qi, known as the True Zang Pulse. Even if flesh remains, death is near. Two beats per respiration is the pulse of Sun disease; one beat per respiration is the pulse of a Walking Corpse. "Large bones" refer to prominent bones like zygomatic, scapular, femoral, and lumbar bones. "Large muscles" refer to major muscle groups of the head, neck, and limbs. "Withered" means bone weakness unable to support the body. "Sunken" means muscle loss creating hollows. Declining spirit and movement without True Zang Pulse suggests death within a year; with True Zang Pulse, death coincides with the overcoming element's timing. Panting and chest fullness suggest death in six months. Internal damage with pain radiating to shoulders/chest suggests death in one month. Skin and muscle cracking with persistent fever suggests death in ten days. True Zang Pulse with sunken eyes and blindness suggests instant death. Ability to see indicates remaining Spirit, with death at the overcoming time.
[Therapeutic Methods for Consumption]
Treatment of acquired constitution focuses on Blood and Qi; treatment of innate constitution focuses on Yin and Yang. Treatment of Kidney, Liver, Heart, and Lung follows later stages; treatment of Spleen deficiency aligns with Internal Injury protocols.
[Note] The Spleen and Stomach transform food and water into Ying and Wei Qi; thus, treatment focuses on regulating Qi and Blood. The Kidneys are the source of congenital Essence and Qi; thus, treatment focuses on regulating Yin and Yang. Most Zang organ deficiency treatments fall under acquired transformation. Spleen deficiency treatments are covered in the "Internal Injury" section, hence they are considered the same.
Zhengyin Lilao Decoction (Rescue Yin Regulate Labor Decoction)
For Yin deficiency with Fire hyperactivity, use Zhengyin Lilao Decoction. Symptoms include cold skin, bone-steaming fever, cough, scanty appetite with profuse phlegm, irritability, and shortness of Qi. The formula combines Shengmai San with Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Shu Di Huang, Gui Ban, Nv Zhen Zi. Add Yi Yi Ren, Ju Hong, Mu Dan Pi, Lian Zi, Bai He, Zhi Gan Cao. For excessive sweating and insomnia, add Zao Ren. For dry phlegm, add Sang Bai Pi and Bei Mu. For damp phlegm, add Fu Ling and Ban Xia. For hemoptysis, add E Jiao. For deep bone-steaming heat, add Gu Pi.
[Note] This formula consists of Ren Shen, Mai Dong, Wu Wei Zi, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Sheng Di Huang, Gui Ban, Nv Zhen Zi, Yi Yi Ren, Ju Hong, Mu Dan Pi, Lian Zi, Bai He, Zhi Gan Cao. Add Zao Ren for sweating and insomnia. Add Sang Bai Pi and Bei Mu for cough with phlegm; Fu Ling and Ban Xia for damp phlegm. Add E Jiao for coughing blood. Add Gu Pi for deep bone-steaming heat.
Zhengyang Lilao Decoction (Rescue Yang Regulate Labor Decoction)
For Yang deficiency and Qi weakness, use Zhengyang Lilao Decoction. Symptoms include fatigue, aversion to mental/physical exertion leading to Qi distension and panting, surface heat, spontaneous sweating, and body ache. Base formula removes Sheng Ma and Chai Hu, adding tonifying principles. Add Rou Gui and Wu Wei Zi; if cold is severe, add Fu Zi. For diarrhea, retain Sheng Ma and Chai Hu, add He Zi, Rou Dou Kou, and Mu Xiang. In summer, reduce Rou Gui and add Mai Dong and Wu Wei Zi for cough; in winter, keep Rou Gui and add Wu Wei Zi and Gan Jiang.
[Note] This decoction consists of Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Zhi Gan Cao, Bai Zhu, Chen Pi, Rou Gui, Dang Gui, and Wu Wei Zi. Fatigue implies reluctance to move; aversion to exertion causes Qi distension and panting. Add Fu Zi for aversion to cold. Retain Sheng Ma and Chai Hu for diarrhea, adding He Zi, Rou Dou Kou, and Mu Xiang. Summer cough: reduce Rou Gui, add Mai Dong and Wu Wei Zi. Winter cough: keep Rou Gui, add Wu Wei Zi and Gan Jiang.
Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill), Duqi Tang, Qiwei Dihuang Tang, Shengmai Dihuang Tang, Guifu Dihuang Tang, Zhibai Dihuang Tang, Jin Gui Shenqi Wan
For Kidney deficiency with afternoon fever, emaciation, water flooding causing phlegm, fluid injury, cough, night sweats, seminal emission, blood loss, Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst), Lin Zhuo (dysuria/turbid urine), and mouth/throat ulcers. Base formula: Shu Di Huang, Shan Yao, Shan Zhu Yu, Mu Dan Pi, Fu Ling, Ze Xie. For labor cough, add Wu Wei Zi to make Duqi Tang. To guide fire back to its source, add Rou Gui to make Qiwei Dihuang Tang. For Fire damaging Metal (Lung), add Sheng Yin to make Shengmai Dihuang Tang. For warming Fire to eliminate Yin shadow, add Rou Gui and Fu Zi to make Guifu Dihuang Tang. For strengthening Water to control Yang flare, add Zhi Mu and Huang Bo to make Zhibai Dihuang Tang. Che Qian Zi, Niu Xi, Rou Gui, and Fu Zi constitute Shenqi Tang for Yang deficiency edema and dysuria.
[Note] Afternoon fever refers to heat rising post-meridian. Water flooding phlegm occurs when Kidney fails to control water, causing fluids to rise. Night sweats stop upon waking. Seminal emission is involuntary ejaculation. Xiao Ke involves unquenchable thirst despite drinking. Lin is difficult urination; Zhuo is turbid urine before or after voiding. Mouth ulcers indicate deficient Fire flaming upward. Liuwei Dihuang Wan treats all. Duqi Tang adds Wu Wei Zi. Qiwei Dihuang Tang adds Rou Gui. Shengmai Dihuang Tang adds Sheng Yin. Guifu refers to adding Rou Gui and Fu Zi. Zhibai refers to adding Zhi Mu and Huang Bo. Shenqi adds Che Qian Zi and Niu Xi.
Dabu Yin Wan (Great Supplement Yin Pill), Ziyin Jianghuo Tang
Dabu Yin Wan controls vigorous Fire and nourishes Yin to rescue damaged Lung Metal. Formula: Gui Ban, Zhi Mu, Huang Bo, Shu Di Huang as base, plus Dong Hua (Tian Dong, Mai Dong), Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Gan Cao, Sha Ren. Add Bai He and Wu Wei Zi for cough; Di Gu Pi for night sweats; Yu Jin for hemoptysis; Chuan Bei Mu for phlegm; Ren Shen and Huang Qi for Qi deficiency. For deficiency heat feeling like burning hands without sweat (Fire constraint), use Sheng Yang San Huo Tang. For bone-steaming with sweat, use Dabu Yin Wan or Ziyin Liu Huang Tang.
[Note] Yin deficiency with Fire hyperactivity requires Dabu Yin Wan to nourish Water and control Fire. Base: Gui Ban, Zhi Mu, Huang Bo, Shu Di Huang powder, pig spinal cord, honey pills. If Fire damages Lung causing flaccidity and cough, use Ziyin Jianghuo Tang (Dabu Yin Wan + Mai Dong, Tian Dong, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Zhi Gan Cao, Sha Ren). Add Bai He, Wu Wei Zi for severe cough; Di Gu Pi for night sweats; Yu Jin for blood; Chuan Bei Mu for phlegm; Ren Shen, Huang Qi for Qi deficiency. No sweat indicates Fire constraint (use Sheng Yang San Huo Tang); sweat indicates bone-steaming (use Dabu Yin Wan or Ziyin Liu Huang Tang).
Baoyuan Tang (Preserve Origin Decoction)
For all Qi deficiency syndromes, use Baoyuan Tang. Huang Qi supplements exterior Qi, Ren Shen supplements interior Qi, Zhi Gan Cao supplements middle Qi. Adding Rou Gui warms Ming Men Qi and treats infantile smallpox with gray/white color, depressed apex, and clear serum.
[Note] Baoyuan Tang consists of Ren Shen, Huang Qi, and Zhi Gan Cao. Huang Qi tonifies exterior Qi, Ren Shen tonifies interior Qi, Zhi Gan Cao tonifies middle Qi. Rou Gui warms Ming Men Qi and treats pediatric smallpox complications.
Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction), Siwu Yigong San, Liujunzi Tang, Qiwei Baizhu San, Six Beast Yin
For Spleen/Stomach Qi deficiency with soft pulse, emaciation, pale/yellow complexion, fatigue, reluctance to speak, and poor appetite, use Sijunzi Tang (Ren Shen, Fu Ling, Bai Zhu, Gan Cao, Da Zao, Sheng Jiang). For Qi stagnation, add Chen Pi to make Siwu Yigong San. For phlegm-damp, add Ju Hong and Ban Xia to make Liujunzi Tang. For muscle heat, thirst, and diarrhea, add Huo Xiang, Mu Xiang, and Ge Gen to make Qiwei Baizhu San. For chronic malaria, add Cao Guo, Wu Mei, and Sheng Jiang to make Six Beast Yin.
[Note] Sijunzi Tang treats Qi deficiency. Adding Chen Pi makes Siwu Yigong San for Qi stagnation. Adding Ju Hong and Ban Xia makes Liujunzi Tang for phlegm. Adding Huo Xiang, Mu Xiang, Ge Gen makes Qiwei Baizhu San for heat/diarrhea. Adding Cao Guo, Wu Mei, Sheng Jiang makes Six Beast Yin for chronic malaria.
Xionggui Tang (Ligusticum and Angelica Decoction), Kaigu San (Bone-Opening Powder)
For all Blood disorders, especially pre/post-natal, use Xionggui Tang (Chuan Xiong, Dang Gui), also known as Foshou San. For Qi deficiency dystocia, double the dose of Ren Shen. For difficult delivery due to fused pubic bones, add whole Gui Ban and human hair (Kaigu San).
[Note] Xionggui Tang is Chuan Xiong and Dang Gui. Double Ren Shen for Qi deficiency dystocia. Add Gui Ban and human hair for fused pubic bones, named Kaigu San.
Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), Shengyu Tang, Liuwu Tang, Jiawei Siwu Tang, Digupi Yin
To regulate Liver and nourish Blood, use Siwu Tang (Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, Bai Shao, Shu Di Huang). Adjust based on need: Bai Shao/Shu Di for tonifying blood; Chi Shao for breaking stasis; Sheng Di for cooling blood. For Qi/Blood deficiency, add Ren Shen and Huang Qi to make Shengyu Tang. For Qi dryness/Blood heat, add Zhi Mu and Huang Bo to make Liuwu Tang. For alternating chills/fever, add Chai Hu, Mu Dan Pi, Chao Zhi Zi to make Jiawei Siwu Tang. For fever without chills, add Di Gu Pi and Mu Dan Pi to make Digupi Yin. For severe Blood heat, add Huang Qin and Huang Lian. For cold, add Rou Gui and Fu Zi. For stasis, add Tao Ren and Hong Hua. For bleeding, add Bai Mao Gen and Pu Huang (charred).
[Note] Siwu Tang regulates Liver/Blood. Shengyu Tang adds Ren Shen/Huang Qi. Liuwu Tang adds Zhi Mu/Huang Bo. Jiawei Siwu Tang adds Chai Hu/Mu Dan Pi/Zhi Zi. Digupi Yin adds Di Gu Pi/Mu Dan Pi. Additional herbs address specific heat/cold/stasis/bleeding patterns.
Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction), Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonifying Decoction), Renshen Yangrong Tang
For combined Qi and Blood deficiency, use Bazhen Tang (combination of Sijunzi Tang and Siwu Tang). Symptoms include fatigue, sallow complexion, hair loss, spontaneous/night sweats, palpitations, forgetfulness, fever, cough, hematemesis/epistaxis, poor appetite, emaciation, frequent diarrhea. For these, use Shiquan Dabu Tang (Bazhen Tang + Huang Qi, Rou Gui). Renshen Yangrong Tang is Shiquan Dabu Tang minus Chuan Xiong, plus Yuan Zhi, Wu Wei Zi, Chen Pi.
[Note] Sijunzi Tang treats Qi deficiency; Siwu Tang treats Blood deficiency. Bazhen Tang treats both. Shiquan Dabu Tang adds Huang Qi and Rou Gui. Renshen Yangrong Tang modifies Shiquan Dabu Tang by removing Chuan Xiong and adding Yuan Zhi, Wu Wei Zi, Chen Pi.
Xiao Jianzhong Tang, Huangqi Jianzhong Tang, Danggui Jianzhong Tang, Shuanghe Yin
For consumption abdominal pain, palpitations, epistaxis, nocturnal emissions, hot feet/hands, and limb aches, use Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Bai Shao, Gan Cao, Yi Tang, Gui Zhi, Da Zao, Sheng Jiang). For Wei Qi deficiency, add Huang Qi (Huangqi Jianzhong Tang). For Ying Blood deficiency, add Dang Gui (Danggui Jianzhong Tang). For warming/nourishing Qi and Blood, use Shuanghe Yin (remove Yi Tang from above, add Shu Di Huang and Chuan Xiong).
[Note] Xiao Jianzhong Tang warms the Spleen/Stomach for deficiency-cold pain. Also treats palpitations, blood loss, emissions, and limb aches. Huangqi Jianzhong Tang adds Huang Qi for Wei deficiency. Shuanghe Yin replaces Yi Tang with Shu Di Huang and Chuan Xiong to primarily nourish Yin Blood.
Bu Gan Tang (Tonify Liver Decoction)
For Liver deficiency causing tendon laxity, dim vision, and inability to see clearly, use Bu Gan Tang (Siwu Tang + Suan Zao Ren, Gan Cao, Mu Gua).
[Note] Bu Gan Tang consists of Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, Bai Shao, Shu Di Huang, Suan Zao Ren, Zhi Gan Cao, and Mu Gua.
Jiawei Jiufei Yin (Modified Rescue Lung Drink)
For Lung damage with coughing blood due to Fire insulting Metal, use Jiawei Jiufei Yin (Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Mai Dong, Wu Wei Zi, Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Zhi Gan Cao, Bai He, Ku Dong Hua, Zi Wan, Lou Lu).
[Note] Formula includes Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Mai Dong, Wu Wei Zi, Ren Shen, Huang Qi, Zhi Gan Cao, Bai He, Ku Dong Hua, Zi Wan, and Lou Lu.
Tianwang Buxin Dan (Emperor of Heaven’s Tonify Heart Pill)
For Heart deficiency causing forgetfulness, spiritual emptiness, irritability, and insomnia, use Tianwang Buxin Dan (Bai Zi Ren, Wu Wei Zi, Fu Ling, Dang Gui, Sheng Di Huang, Jie Geng, Dan Shen, Ren Shen, Xuan Shen, Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Yuan Zhi, Zhu Sha, Suan Zao Ren).
[Note] Formula contains Bai Zi Ren, Wu Wei Zi, Fu Ling, Dang Gui, Sheng Di Huang, Jie Geng, Dan Shen, Ren Shen, Xuan Shen, Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Yuan Zhi, Zhu Sha, and Suan Zao Ren.
Guipi Tang (Restore Spleen Decoction)
For worry damaging Heart and Spleen causing heat, irritability, night sweats, palpitations, fright, forgetfulness, and mental confusion, use Guipi Tang (Sijunzi Tang + Suan Zao Ren, Yuan Zhi, Mu Xiang, Dang Gui, Huang Qi).
[Note] Palpitations are heart beating; fright is startle. Forgetfulness is easy forgetting. Zheng Chong is intense heart throbbing. Huang Hu is mental fuzziness. Formula is Sijunzi Tang plus Suan Zao Ren, Yuan Zhi, Mu Xiang, Dang Gui, and Huang Qi.
Renshen Guben Tang/Wan, Baoyuan Shengmai Guben Tang
For Lung/Kidney dual deficiency causing Lung flaccidity, coughing blood, and impending consumption, use Renshen Guben Tang/Wan (Ren Shen, Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Sheng Di Huang, Shu Di Huang). Baoyuan Shengmai Guben Tang combines this with Baoyuan (Huang Qi, Zhi Gan Cao) and Shengmai (Wu Wei Zi) to harmonize Spleen, Lung, and Kidney.
[Note] Renshen Guben uses Ren Shen, Tian Dong, Mai Dong, Sheng Di, Shu Di. Baoyuan Shengmai Guben adds Huang Qi, Zhi Gan Cao, and Wu Wei Zi to harmonize the three Zang organs.
Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder)
To soothe Spleen and clear Liver, treating Blood deficiency bone-steaming, irritability, cough/phlegm, alternating chills, red cheeks, rib discomfort, and irregular menses with wiry-deficient pulse, use Xiaoyao San (Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Chai Hu, Bo He, Gan Cao). For Liver Heat, add Chao Zhi Zi and Mu Dan Pi (Jiawei Xiaoyao San). For Liver Qi Stagnation, add Chen Pi. For Liver Qi Depression, add Fu Xiong and Xiang Fu. For Liver Qi Depression with Heat, add Wu Zhu Yu and Chao Huang Lian. Use Bo He sparingly as a guide.
[Note] Base formula: Bai Zhu, Fu Ling, Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Chai Hu, Bo He, Gan Cao. Jiawei Xiaoyao San adds Chao Zhi Zi and Mu Dan Pi for Heat. Add Chen Pi for Stagnation. Add Fu Xiong and Xiang Fu for Depression. Add Wu Zhu Yu and Chao Huang Lian for Depression-Heat. Bo He should be used minimally.