孙文垣治王祖泉乃眷，朝饭后稍寒，恶风发热，（伤风恶风。）遍身疼痛，汗大出不止，（伤风则有汗。）口
中热，腹中不知饥，小水短，（肺金不利而汗多也。）六脉皆涩。（营卫不和。）投以白芍五钱，白术二钱，
桂枝、黄芩各一钱，甘草八分，二帖汗止，寒热除。去白术，加当归，身痛亦愈。
费一吾弟妇，遍身痛，发热，汗大出，昏昏如醉，卧不能起。孙诊之，两寸短弱，六脉皆数而无力。此劳
倦之余，故汗大走也。（身痛发热，不仅伤风。）黄 三钱，白芍四钱，甘草一钱五分，桂皮八分，当归一钱，
石斛二钱。（与前药俱就建中加减，孙于杂症多用此方。）一帖热除，痛汗皆止。惟倦不能起，前方加人参、
陈皮，两帖而痊。
一妇人，先伤风，发热咳嗽，二月乃分娩，热尚未退，食鸡汁肉等太早，嗽、热愈盛，已八日矣。胸膈胀
痛，头痛口渴，大便秘，（肺气壅而血液燥也。）咳出之痰，色黑而臭，小水短少，胁下扯痛，气逆而喘不得
卧，左胁不能着席，汗出不止，症甚危。以栝蒌五钱，苏子一钱，枳壳、酒芩各六分，前胡、桔梗各五分，甘草三分，
姜三片（制方甚妙。）服之，胸膈之痛减半，喘少定。再进药，大便用蜜导下，就方加减服之，热尽退，诸症寻愈。
胡镜阳尊堂，年七十二，脾泄十五年不愈。近加吐红咳嗽，痰多不易出，（肺金壅滞可知。）申酉时潮热，胸
膈壅塞，不能就枕，饮食大减，且恶风，终日坐幔中。诸医谓∶发热吐红，法当寒凉；脾泄多年，气虚老迈，法当
温补。二症矛盾，难于投剂。身热脉大，又血家所忌。束于无策，皆辞去。孙诊之，两手脉皆浮洪而数，皆带
滑。据脉洪数为热，滑为痰，浮为风邪在表，以伤风故恶风，法当清解，可无恙也。谓二病矛盾者，暗于先后
也。夫脾泄已久，未尝为害，新病热炽，宜当速去，所谓急则治标，俟邪祛后，补脾未晚。且潮热为风邪所致
之热，非阴虚火动之热。吐血乃当汗不汗之血，非阴虚火动之血。经云∶夺血者无汗，夺汗者无血。当汗不汗，
邪鼓血动，但得表解，斯热退血止矣。胡曰∶昔老母过钱塘，遇风涛受惊，因发热咳嗽，血出痰多，今以公言
质之，诚由风邪起病也。用苏子、麻黄、薄荷解表为君，枳壳、桔梗、桑白皮、栝蒌、紫菀、贝母消痰治嗽为
臣，酒芩、甘草为佐。二帖，五更微汗而热退，胸膈不壅，嗽亦少减，血止大半，始进粥。次日减麻黄，加茯
苓，夜服七制化痰丸，嗽亦减半，自是不恶风而去幔矣。前方减枳壳加苡仁，调理而安。
黄履素曰∶予弱冠患伤风，不谨床第，每晨起即鼻中流涕，竟日痰不绝口。留连月余，遂见痰中缕血，遗
害无穷。谚云∶伤风不醒结成劳。盖金水二脏，情关子母，金伤则不能生水，子泻则其母愈虚。水不能制火，
火乘金而金益败，此虚嗽之症所由成耳。信乎，伤风虽小病，最不可不慎者。故补脾保肾，乃养生家第一义。
而肺病极宜断色欲。相关相应，捷于影响也。
又曰∶予临场虑不耐风寒，合玉屏风散服之，反自汗津津不止，盖防风与黄 各等分之谬也。本草云∶黄
得防风，其功愈大。用黄 七分，配防风三分，斯得之矣。（凡伤风未经和解，此方断不可服，慎之。）
喻嘉言治石开晓，伤风咳嗽，未尝发热，自觉急迫欲死，呼吸不能相续。诊之，见其头面赤红，躁扰不歇，
脉大而空。谓曰∶此证颇奇，全似伤寒戴阳症，何以伤风小恙亦有之。急宜用人参、附子等温补下元，以收回
阳气，不然子丑时一身大汗，脱阳而死矣。渠不以为然，及日落，阳不用事，愈慌乱，不能少支，忙服前药。
服后稍宁片刻，又为床侧添同寝一人，逼出其汗如雨。再服一剂，汗止身安，咳嗽俱不作。询其所由，云∶连
服麻黄药四帖，遂尔躁急欲死。然后知伤风亦有戴阳症，与伤寒无别，总因其人平素下虚，是以真阳易于上走
矣。（伤风而服麻黄至四剂，即壮实人亦不能无害，矧下虚者哉。雄按∶原有一种虽似风，实非伤风，乃下元根
久亏，肾水泛滥以为痰，浮阳冲激而成嗽也。今夏，余偶诊高石泉之脉，左关尺浮弦而空，因谓其仲郎隽生曰∶
令尊之脉，甚可虑也。既而无恙。迨隽生举于乡，计偕有日，而石泉陡患伤风。冯某为之解散，次日便泻多次。
黄某为之厘清，第三日痰升气逆，自觉唇肿，不能吸饮。速余视之，唇何尝肿，而舌色晦黯无津，脉似蛛丝欲绝，
乃阴脱于下，阳越于上也。药不能追，已而果逝。洪张伯孝廉令堂，病同此，余一视而决其不治。盖虽似伤风，
而脉先虚促难寻也，旬日果败。皆十二月春前事也。闻许吉斋山长，秋分后伤风数日而亡，谅亦此类耳。）
卢不远治严忍公内人，病发热无汗，（伤风亦多无汗。）呕吐不止，脉反沉弱，（伤风脉当浮，今沉故
曰反。）人皆以为少阴症。卢脉之，沉弱中独右关表弦而中滑。盖风邪挟胃中水饮停积所致。用干葛、半夏、
吴萸、黄连急煎缓服，呕吐遂止，而热转盛。复诊视，脉势欲浮，命其进粥，皆不敢。再三强之，呷浓米饮
半杯，遂有汗而热平。再进薄粥，汗多而热退。乃问曰∶风寒之邪，世俗大禁饮食，今啜粥而热退何也？曰∶
风之与寒，原自有别，世盖溷之耳。仲景桂枝汤治风，服已啜粥，古人之精义也。盖风者木也，木克土，脾胃受
之。仲景治法，妙在不治风木，但令湿土气行，而风木之邪自散。今热转盛而脉势欲浮，是风邪欲散也。
非谷气扬溢，则胃力孱弱，汗何从来。是借桂枝之义，以除风邪之不能汗者。
按∶伤寒及感症，日久津液既枯，不能行汗，得大三才一气汤一服，乃蒸变为汗而愈矣。若多服风药及
香燥等药，人必大作胀一二时许，然后来苏。后贤以此为内托之奇，予谓仍是仲景啜粥法耳，后人安能越
古人之范围哉。
吴孚先治卢敬庵，暑月感寒，服羌防发散，汗出已愈，后复感冒，又用发散，旋愈旋感，前药不应。吴曰∶
屡散不愈，肺气已虚，徒攻表而不救表，风邪乘虚而入，无已时矣。方用君黄 五钱，实肺气以固卫；佐防风
一钱，助 力以祛邪。（玉屏风散。）如是则旧邪无所容，而新邪无可入也。二帖而痊。
愚谓伤风一症，殊非小恙。有寒燠不时，衣被失节而成者，此必鼻塞声重，咳嗽多痰。在元气平和之人，
即弗药自愈。若在肾水素亏，肝火自旺者，不过因一时风寒所束，遂作干咳喉痛。此外邪本轻，内伤实重，
医者不察，肆行表散，致鼓风木之火上炎，反令发热头痛。继又寒热往来，益与清解，不至十剂，肝肾与
肺伤损无遗，久者周年，近者百日，溘然逝矣。而世俗谈者，咸以伤风不醒便成劳为言。噫，彼劳者，岂
真由伤风而成也耶？愚哉言也。当易之曰∶伤风误表必成劳耳。（雄按∶损由外感而成者甚多。雍干间，歙
人吴澄字师朗，着《不居集》一书，专论外损，自成一家，惜用药未尽善耳。）
柴屿青曰∶乙丑新正，张妹婿家人之婿董四，患伤风来寓求诊，即决其不治。内人曰∶彼少年粗人，伤风
小病，何遽若此。柴曰∶脉象已败，不可为也。后果然。（此必肝肾大伤之候也。）
张三锡治一人，伤风自汗，发热不止，自以为虚，服补中益气汤热转剧。诊之，脉弦而长实有力。与升麻
葛根汤倍白芍，加桂枝少许，一剂汗止热退。（《治法汇》。）
一人泻而左脉浮急，自汗鼻塞，乃伤风作泻也。与五苓散加防风、白芷、升麻、葛根，姜、葱煎服。（同上。）
陆肖愚治吴逊斋夫人，年六旬外，素有脾泄之症，三月间患咳嗽吐血，痰多而咯之不易出，日潮热，胸膈
支结，不能就枕，畏风寒。或以脉数吐红，身热咳嗽，皆血虚火盛也，与养血清凉，泄未已而痰壅益加。更医，
以高年久泻，用六君子，泻未已而痰壅殊甚。二医商治，一以吐血不宜身热脉大，一以泄泻不宜身热脉大，俱
辞不治。脉之左寸关浮洪，右寸关滑数，两尺弱。此表邪不清也。盖脾泄乃宿疾，吐血乃表气之郁矣。询之，
果受风数日后而病作。用炒黑麻黄、苏叶、前胡解表为君，杏仁、苏子、陈皮利气为臣，桑皮、片芩、花粉、
石膏清热为佐，甘草、桔梗散膈和中为使。二剂后，微汗，症顿减。去麻黄、苏叶、石膏，加白芍、茯苓，二
剂症如失。与丸方治其脾泻，人参、白术、茯苓为君，白芍、霞天曲为臣，炙草、干姜、砂仁为佐，枣肉、神
曲糊丸以为使，服数旬而痊。
陆祖愚治陈理刑，因劳顿后，头疼鼻塞咳嗽，胸膈不利，咽干身热，行动即有微汗，有痰不能咯出，两寸
浮弦而数，左关弦紧，右关弦滑，两尺平和。先用疏解和气二剂，继入养血二剂，二三日间，诸症顿愈。
薛立斋治一妇人，素清苦，勤于女工。因感风邪，自用表散之剂，反朝寒暮热，自汗盗汗，形气甚虚。其
脉或浮洪，或微细。其面或青白，或萎黄。此邪去而气血愈虚也，用十全大补汤三十余剂，渐愈。又用加味逍
遥散兼治，半载而痊。
按∶伤风误表，多成劳损，观此可鉴。
林观子治一妇人，浴后被风，遂自汗出身热，然无头痛体痛恶风诸症。旬日来，杂治皆不效。其胸以上痞
隔，渐至汤饮到喉而止，脉之关以上微浮，此瓜蒂散症也。其人素虚，与桔梗芦二两煎服，到咽一吐，悉涎浊
酸秽之物。又与一服，再得吐，始快然热除，调理数日而安。
毛氏子伤风喘嗽，复以饮食起居失调，迁延转剧。诊之，面色枯白，梦泄不禁，饮食减少，喘嗽发热，两
脉虚微。知其喘为真气上脱，热为阳气外散，不与阴气纯虚者同。面色枯白，脾肺气虚而不荣也。饮食减少，
脾胃气弱而不化也。梦泄不禁，肾脏气衰而不固也。此皆本气为病，用人参二钱，黄 三钱，肉桂五分，炙草
五分，茯苓一钱，半曲一钱，橘红八分。服数剂，喘渐平，热渐退。随与大造膏调理，饮食进而神旺如初。
朱翰文偶患风寒小疾，或以麻黄大发其汗，汗出不止，遂致语言短怯，神气不收，面色枯白，时有寒热，
已濒危。诊其两脉微涩而虚，虚则气少，涩则阴伤，此元气津液两伤之候也。伤风小症，何遽至此，盖以麻黄
辛甘气温，为伤寒发汗重剂，今不当用而用之，不特劫其津液外亡，并元气亦因而脱矣。治法宜阴阳两补，用
人参、制首乌、茯苓、白芍、丹皮、甘草、广皮、半夏曲等。三剂，脉象有神，诸症渐已。渐加 、术而安。
（与喻嘉言案合参。）
刘云密曰∶丁酉腊，人病头痛恶风，鼻出清涕，兼以咳嗽痰甚，一时多患此。用冬时伤风之剂而愈者固多，
然殊治者亦不少。盖是年君火在泉，终之气乃君火，客气为主气寒水所胜。经曰∶主胜客者逆。夫火乃气之主，
虽不同于伤寒之邪入经，然寒气已逆而上行，反居火位，火气不得达矣。所以虽同于风，投以风剂如羌活辈则
反剧，盖耗气而火愈虚也。至于桂枝汤之有白芍，固不得当，即桂枝仅泄表实，而不能如麻黄能透水中之真阳
以出也。故愚先治其标，用干姜理中汤佐五苓散，退寒痰寒水之上逆；乃治其本，用麻黄汤去杏仁，佐以干姜、
人参、川芎、半夏，微微取汗。守此方，因病进退而稍加减之，皆未脱麻黄，但有补剂不取汗矣。病者乃得霍然。
聂久吾曰∶一友以医自负，禀性素热，惯服凉药。在京朝觐，因伤风久咳，求治于予。予曰∶咳因风寒，
必先除寒邪，而后可以清热，先用桑、杏、麻黄、防风等药。彼自是己见，以为素不用燥药，单用栀、芩、花
粉等凉剂，服多一日，声哑不出，复求治。乃戒之曰∶公能任吾意用药，勿参己见，则声可立出。若必自用，
不敢与闻。彼不得已而听予，因与加味三拗汤，一剂毕而声出矣。杏仁二钱五分，生甘草五分，羌活、桔梗各
八分，防风一钱，生姜三钱，水煎带热服。
魏玉横治孙敦夫女，十岁许。冬日感冒微嗽，专科与发散太过，反致身热不退。更医，投六君子加炮姜、
五味，一剂热退矣，而咳嗽转甚，下利频并，里急后重，中有白脓。医以热退为药对症，再与之，则面赤口燥，
恶食不眠。余适诊其大父，因求视。脉之虚而驶，曰∶四剂可愈，然必少衄血。与生熟地、杞子各四钱，天麦
冬、蒌仁各钱半。乃诧曰∶今病已泄泻，又从而滑利之，宁不增剧乎？余笑曰∶第服之，病自减。乃始进半钟，
觉咳嗽稍瘥。遂连进三剂，果愈四五。再以前方加酒芩、酒芍各一钱，不二剂，衄血一小盏，全安。或问故，
曰∶儿禀素弱，所病即俗名火伤风也，不治亦愈。乃以荆、防、广、半、芎、苏、前、桔诸燥药，鼓动三焦之
火，至阳扰而热盛。后医谓虚是矣，宜以甘寒润泽与之，则症自平。乃用六君燥补加以炮姜之辛温，五味之酸
敛，藉人参之力而热退，其内燔之火尽入于肺，若伤寒传里然。肺热甚则下迫大肠而为痢矣。其中白脓，乃
燥金壅热所化，与痢疾正同。兹但养其荣气，润燥清热，病自愈也。又问何以知其当衄？曰∶初时下痢，则火
孙文垣治疗王祖泉的夫人，早晨饭后稍微感到怕冷，恶风发热，（这是伤风导致的恶风症状。）全身疼痛，大汗淋漓不止，（伤风证通常伴有汗出。）口中感觉燥热，腹部不知道饥饿，小便短少，（这是因为肺金功能不利且汗出过多所致。）六脉皆涩。（这是营卫不和的表现。）给予白芍五钱，白术二钱，桂枝、黄芩各一钱，甘草八分，服用两帖后汗止，寒热消除。去掉白术，加入当归，身体疼痛也随之痊愈。
费一吾的弟媳，全身疼痛，发热，大汗淋漓，昏昏沉沉如同醉酒一般，卧床无法起身。孙文垣诊察发现，两手寸脉短弱，六脉皆数而无力。这是因为劳累过度之后，导致汗液大量外泄。（全身疼痛发热，不仅仅是伤风引起的。）用黄芪三钱，白芍四钱，甘草一钱五分，桂皮八分，当归一钱，石斛二钱。（这些药物都是在建中汤基础上加减而来，孙文垣治疗杂症时多用此方。）服用一帖后热退，疼痛和出汗都停止了。只是疲倦得无法起身，在原方中加入人参、陈皮，服用两帖后痊愈。
有一位妇人，先患伤风，出现发热咳嗽的症状，过了两个月才分娩，发热尚未消退，又过早食用鸡汁肉等滋补食物，导致咳嗽、发热更加严重，已经持续八天了。胸膈部胀痛，头痛口渴，大便秘结，（这是因为肺气壅滞且血液干燥所致。）咳出的痰颜色黑且发臭，小便短少，胁下牵扯作痛，气逆喘息不能平卧，左侧胁部不能着床，汗出不止，病情非常危重。使用栝蒌五钱，苏子一钱，枳壳、酒炒黄芩各六分，前胡、桔梗各五分，甘草三分，生姜三片（组方非常精妙。）服用后，胸膈疼痛减轻一半，喘息稍定。再次服药，大便用蜜导法通便，根据原方加减服用，热势完全消退，各种症状逐渐痊愈。
胡镜阳的母亲，七十二岁，脾虚泄泻十五年未愈。最近加上吐血咳嗽，痰多不易咳出，（可知肺金壅滞。）申酉时（下午3-7点）潮热，胸膈堵塞，不能枕卧，饮食大幅减少，且怕风，整天坐在帷幔之中。各位医生认为：发热吐血，按照法则应当用寒凉药；脾虚泄泻多年，气虚年老，按照法则应当用温补药。两种病症矛盾，难以用药。身体发热脉象洪大，又是失血病人所忌讳的。束手无策，都辞别离去。孙文垣诊察发现，两手脉象皆浮洪而数，且带滑象。根据脉象洪数为热，滑为痰，浮为风邪在表，因为伤风所以恶风，治法应当清解，可以平安无事。说两种病矛盾的人，是不懂先后缓急的原则。脾虚泄泻已久，未曾造成危害，新病热势炽盛，应当迅速去除，这就是所谓的“急则治标”，等到邪气祛除后，再补脾也不晚。而且潮热是由风邪引起的热，不是阴虚火动的热。吐血是因为当汗出而未汗出导致的动血，不是阴虚火动导致的出血。《内经》说：“夺血者无汗，夺汗者无血。”应当发汗而不发汗，邪气鼓动血液妄行，只要表邪解除，那么热退血止了。胡镜阳说：“以前老母亲经过钱塘江，遇到风浪受惊，因此发热咳嗽，吐血痰多，现在用您的话来验证，确实是由风邪引起的疾病。”用苏子、麻黄、薄荷解表作为君药，枳壳、桔梗、桑白皮、栝蒌、紫菀、贝母消痰止咳作为臣药，酒炒黄芩、甘草作为佐药。服用两帖，五更时分微微出汗而热退，胸膈不再堵塞，咳嗽也减少大半，血止住大半，才开始喝粥。第二天减去麻黄，加入茯苓，晚上服用七制化痰丸，咳嗽也减半，从此不再怕风，撤去帷幔。前方减去枳壳加入薏苡仁，调理后安稳。
黄履素说：“我二十岁时患伤风，不谨慎房事，每天早晨起床就流鼻涕，整天痰不绝口。拖延一个多月，于是看见痰中带血丝，遗害无穷。谚语说：‘伤风不醒结成劳。’这是因为肺（金）肾（水）两脏，情同母子关系，肺受伤则不能生肾水，子脏亏损则母脏更加虚弱。肾水不能制约心火，火乘袭肺金则肺金更加败坏，这就是虚嗽症形成的原因。确实如此，伤风虽然是小病，但最不可不慎重的就是这点。所以补脾保肾，是养生家的第一要义。而肺病患者极宜戒除色欲。相关相应，反应灵敏得像影子跟随形体一样。”
又说：“我在考场担心不耐风寒，合用玉屏风散服用，反而自汗津津不止，这是防风与黄芪各等分使用的错误。本草记载：黄芪得防风，其功效更大。使用黄芪七分，配伍防风三分，这就对了。（凡是伤风未经和解的，此方绝对不可服用，务必谨慎。）”
喻嘉言治疗石开晓，患伤风咳嗽，未曾发热，自觉急迫欲死，呼吸不能连续。诊察发现，他头面赤红，烦躁不安不停歇，脉象大而空。喻嘉言说：“这个证候很奇特，完全像伤寒戴阳症，为什么伤风小病也有这种情况？急宜用人参、附子等温补下元，以收回阳气，不然在子丑时（半夜11点到凌晨3点）一身大汗，脱阳而死。”他不以为然，等到日落，阳气不用事，更加慌乱，不能支撑，急忙服用前面的药。服用后稍微安宁片刻，又为床边添了一个同寝的人，逼出其汗如雨下。再服一剂，汗止身安，咳嗽都不发作了。询问其原因，他说：“连服麻黄药四帖，于是躁急欲死。”这才知道伤风也有戴阳症，与伤寒没有区别，总归是因为这个人平时下元虚损，所以真阳易于上走。（伤风而服用麻黄至四剂，即使是壮实人也不能没有害处，何况下元虚损的人呢？雄按：原本有一种情况虽似风，实非伤风，乃是下元根基久亏，肾水泛滥成为痰，浮阳冲激而成咳嗽。今年夏天，我偶然诊高石泉的脉，左关尺浮弦而空，因而对他的弟弟隽生说：“令尊的脉象，非常令人担忧。”后来没事。等到隽生考中举人，准备进京赶考的日子临近，石泉突然患伤风。冯某为他解散表邪，第二天便腹泻多次。黄某为他清理湿热，第三天痰升气逆，自觉嘴唇肿，不能吸饮。急忙让我看，嘴唇何曾肿，而舌色晦暗无津液，脉象似蛛丝欲绝，这是阴脱于下，阳越于上也。药不能追回，不久果然去世。洪张伯孝廉的母亲，病与此相同，我一视同仁判断其不治。盖虽然似伤风，而脉先虚促难寻，旬日果然败亡。都是十二月春节前的事。听说许吉斋山长，秋分后伤风数日而亡，想必也是这类情况吧。）”
卢不远治疗严忍公的夫人，病发热无汗，（伤风也多无汗。）呕吐不止，脉象反沉弱，（伤风脉应当浮，现在沉所以说反。）人们都认为是少阴症。卢不远诊脉，沉弱中唯独右关部表弦而中滑。这是因为风邪挟带胃中水饮停积所致。用干葛、半夏、吴茱萸、黄连急煎缓服，呕吐遂止，而热势转盛。复诊时，脉势欲浮，命令她进粥，都不敢吃。再三强迫，喝浓米饮半杯，于是有汗而热平。再进薄粥，汗多而热退。于是问：“风寒之邪，世俗大禁饮食，现在喝粥而热退为什么呢？”回答说：“风与寒，原本自有区别，世人大概混淆了它们。仲景桂枝汤治风，服后啜粥，这是古人的精义所在。盖风属木，木克土，脾胃受之。仲景治法，妙在不治风木，只让湿土气行，而风木之邪自然消散。现在热转盛而脉势欲浮，这是风邪欲散也。如果不是谷气扬溢，则胃力孱弱，汗从哪里来。这是借桂枝之义，以除去风邪之不能汗者。”
按语：伤寒及感症，日久津液既枯，不能行汗，得大三才一气汤一服，乃蒸变为汗而愈矣。如果多服风药及香燥等药，人必大作胀一二时许，然后来苏。后贤以此为内托之奇，予谓仍是仲景啜粥法耳，后人安能越古人之范围哉。
吴孚先治疗卢敬庵，暑月感寒，服羌活、防风发散，汗出已愈，后又感冒，又用发散，旋愈旋感，前药不应。吴孚先说：“屡散不愈，肺气已虚，徒攻表而不救表，风邪乘虚而入，无已时矣。”方用君药黄芪五钱，实肺气以固卫；佐药防风一钱，助芪力以祛邪。（即玉屏风散。）如是则旧邪无所容，而新邪无可入也。二帖而痊。
我认为伤风一症，殊非小恙。有寒燠不时，衣被失节而成者，此必鼻塞声重，咳嗽多痰。在元气平和之人，即弗药自愈。若在肾水素亏，肝火自旺者，不过因一时风寒所束，遂作干咳喉痛。此外邪本轻，内伤实重，医者不察，肆行表散，致鼓风木之火上炎，反令发热头痛。继又寒热往来，益与清解，不至十剂，肝肾与肺伤损无遗，久者周年，近者百日，溘然逝矣。而世俗谈者，咸以伤风不醒便成劳为言。噫，彼劳者，岂真由伤风而成也耶？愚哉言也。当易之曰：伤风误表必成劳耳。（雄按：损由外感而成者甚多。雍干间，歙人吴澄字师朗，着《不居集》一书，专论外损，自成一家，惜用药未尽善耳。）
柴屿青说：“乙丑年正月初，张妹婿家人之婿董四，患伤风来寓求诊，即决其不治。内人说：‘彼少年粗人，伤风小病，何遽若此。’柴说：‘脉象已败，不可为也。’后果然。（这必定是肝肾大伤的征候。）”
张三锡治疗一人，伤风自汗，发热不止，自以为虚，服补中益气汤热转剧。诊之，脉弦而长实有力。给予升麻葛根汤倍加白芍，加桂枝少许，一剂汗止热退。（《治法汇》。）
一人泻而左脉浮急，自汗鼻塞，乃伤风作泻也。给予五苓散加防风、白芷、升麻、葛根，姜、葱煎服。（同上。）
陆肖愚治疗吴逊斋夫人，年六旬外，素有脾泄之症，三月间患咳嗽吐血，痰多而咯之不易出，日潮热，胸膈支结，不能就枕，畏风寒。或以脉数吐红，身热咳嗽，皆血虚火盛也，与养血清凉，泄未已而痰壅益加。更医，以高年久泻，用六君子，泄未已而痰壅殊甚。二医商治，一以吐血不宜身热脉大，一以泄泻不宜身热脉大，俱辞不治。脉之左寸关浮洪，右寸关滑数，两尺弱。此表邪不清也。盖脾泄乃宿疾，吐血乃表气之郁矣。询之，果受风数日后而病作。用炒黑麻黄、苏叶、前胡解表为君，杏仁、苏子、陈皮利气为臣，桑皮、片芩、花粉、石膏清热为佐，甘草、桔梗散膈和中为使。二剂后，微汗，症顿减。去麻黄、苏叶、石膏，加白芍、茯苓，二剂症如失。与丸方治其脾泻，人参、白术、茯苓为君，白芍、霞天曲为臣，炙草、干姜、砂仁为佐，枣肉、神曲糊丸以为使，服数旬而痊。
陆祖愚治疗陈理刑，因劳顿后，头疼鼻塞咳嗽，胸膈不利，咽干身热，行动即有微汗，有痰不能咯出，两寸浮弦而数，左关弦紧，右关弦滑，两尺平和。先用疏解和气二剂，继入养血二剂，二三日间，诸症顿愈。
薛立斋治疗一妇人，素清苦，勤于女工。因感风邪，自用表散之剂，反朝寒暮热，自汗盗汗，形气甚虚。其脉或浮洪，或微细。其面或青白，或萎黄。此邪去而气血愈虚也，用十全大补汤三十余剂，渐愈。又用加味逍遥散兼治，半载而痊。
按语：伤风误表，多成劳损，观此可鉴。
林观子治疗一妇人，浴后被风，遂自汗出身热，然无头痛体痛恶风诸症。旬日来，杂治皆不效。其胸以上痞隔，渐至汤饮到喉而止，脉之关以上微浮，此瓜蒂散症也。其人素虚，与桔梗芦二两煎服，到咽一吐，悉涎浊酸秽之物。又与一服，再得吐，始快然热除，调理数日而安。
毛氏子伤风喘嗽，复以饮食起居失调，迁延转剧。诊之，面色枯白，梦泄不禁，饮食减少，喘嗽发热，两脉虚微。知其喘为真气上脱，热为阳气外散，不与阴气纯虚者同。面色枯白，脾肺气虚而不荣也。饮食减少，脾胃气弱而不化也。梦泄不禁，肾脏气衰而不固也。此皆本气为病，用人参二钱，黄芪三钱，肉桂五分，炙甘草五分，茯苓一钱，半夏曲一钱，橘红八分。服数剂，喘渐平，热渐退。随与大造膏调理，饮食进而神旺如初。
朱翰文偶患风寒小疾，或以麻黄大发其汗，汗出不止，遂致语言短怯，神气不收，面色枯白，时有寒热，已濒危。诊其两脉微涩而虚，虚则气少，涩则阴伤，此元气津液两伤之候也。伤风小症，何遽至此，盖以麻黄辛甘气温，为伤寒发汗重剂，今不当用而用之，不特劫其津液外亡，并元气亦因而脱矣。治法宜阴阳两补，用人参、制首乌、茯苓、白芍、丹皮、甘草、广皮、半夏曲等。三剂，脉象有神，诸症渐已。渐加黄芪、白术而安。（与喻嘉言案合参。）
刘云密说：“丁酉年腊月，有人病头痛恶风，鼻出清涕，兼以咳嗽痰甚，一时多患此。用冬时伤风之剂而愈者固多，然殊治者亦不少。盖是年君火在泉，终之气乃君火，客气为主气寒水所胜。经曰：主胜客者逆。夫火乃气之主，虽不同于伤寒之邪入经，然寒气已逆而上行，反居火位，火气不得达矣。所以虽同于风，投以风剂如羌活辈则反剧，盖耗气而火愈虚也。至于桂枝汤之有白芍，固不得当，即桂枝仅泄表实，而不能如麻黄能透水中之真阳以出也。故愚先治其标，用干姜理中汤佐五苓散，退寒痰寒水之上逆；乃治其本，用麻黄汤去杏仁，佐以干姜、人参、川芎、半夏，微微取汗。守此方，因病进退而稍加减之，皆未脱麻黄，但有补剂不取汗矣。病者乃得霍然。”
聂久吾说：“一位朋友以医术自负，禀性素热，惯服凉药。在京朝觐，因伤风久咳，求治于我。我说：‘咳因风寒，必先除寒邪，而后可以清热，先用桑叶、杏仁、麻黄、防风等药。’他坚持己见，以为素不用燥药，单用栀、芩、花粉等凉剂，服多一日，声哑不出，复求治。乃戒之曰：‘公能任吾意用药，勿参己见，则声可立出。若必自用，不敢与闻。’彼不得已而听予，因与加味三拗汤，一剂毕而声出矣。杏仁二钱五分，生甘草五分，羌活、桔梗各八分，防风一钱，生姜三钱，水煎带热服。”
魏玉横治疗孙敦夫的女儿，十岁左右。冬日感冒微嗽，专科医生发散太过，反致身热不退。换医生，投六君子加炮姜、五味子，一剂热退矣，而咳嗽转甚，下利频并，里急后重，中有白脓。医生以热退为药对症，再与之，则面赤口燥，恶食不眠。我适诊其祖父，因求视。脉之虚而驶，曰：‘四剂可愈，然必少衄血。’与生熟地、枸杞子各四钱，天冬麦冬、栝蒌仁各钱半。乃诧曰：‘今病已泄泻，又从而滑利之，宁不增剧乎？’我笑曰：‘第服之，病自减。’乃始进半钟，觉咳嗽稍瘥。遂连进三剂，果愈四五。再以前方加酒芩、酒芍各一钱，不二剂，衄血一小盏，全安。或问故，曰：‘儿禀素弱，所病即俗名火伤风也，不治亦愈。乃以荆芥、防风、广陈皮、半夏、川芎、苏叶、前胡、桔梗诸燥药，鼓动三焦之火，至阳扰而热盛。后医谓虚是矣，宜以甘寒润泽与之，则症自平。乃用六君燥补加以炮姜之辛温，五味之酸敛，藉人参之力而热退，其内燔之火尽入于肺，若伤寒传里然。肺热甚则下迫大肠而为痢矣。其中白脓，乃燥金壅热所化，与痢疾正同。兹但养其荣气，润燥清热，病自愈也。’又问何以知其当衄？曰：‘初时下痢，则火……”
Sun Wenyuan treated the wife of Wang Zuquan. After morning meal, she felt slightly chills, aversion to wind, and fever. (Aversion to wind is a symptom of Wind-Cold invasion.) She experienced generalized body pain, profuse sweating that would not stop, heat in the mouth, lack of hunger sensation in the abdomen, and short urine. (This is due to the dysfunction of Lung Metal and excessive sweating.) Her six pulses were all choppy. (This indicates disharmony between Ying and Wei.) He prescribed Bai Shao (White Peony Root) 5 qian, Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) 2 qian, Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) and Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) each 1 qian, Gan Cao (Licorice Root) 8 fen. After two doses, sweating stopped, and chills and fever resolved. Bai Zhu was removed, Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) was added, and body pain also healed.
The younger sister-in-law of Fei Yiwu suffered from generalized body pain, fever, profuse sweating, and a drowsy state resembling drunkenness, unable to rise from bed. Sun examined her and found the Cun (inch) pulses on both hands short and weak, while all six pulses were rapid but forceless. This was due to excessive sweating following overexertion. (Generalized pain and fever are not solely caused by Wind-Cold invasion.) He used Huang Qi (Astragalus Root) 3 qian, Bai Shao 4 qian, Gan Cao 1.5 qian, Gui Pi (Cinnamon Bark) 8 fen, Dang Gui 1 qian, and Shi Hu (Dendrobium Stem) 2 qian. (These herbs are modifications of Jian Zhong Tang [Middle-Jian Decoction], which Sun frequently used for miscellaneous diseases.) After one dose, fever subsided, and pain and sweating ceased. However, she remained too fatigued to rise. Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) and Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel) were added to the previous formula. After two doses, she recovered.
A woman had contracted Wind-Cold invasion with fever and coughing two months prior to childbirth. The fever had not yet subsided when she consumed chicken broth and meat too early. Consequently, coughing and fever intensified, persisting for eight days. She experienced distending pain in the chest and diaphragm, headache, thirst, constipation, black and foul-smelling sputum, scanty urine, pulling pain under the ribs, rebellious Qi causing wheezing and inability to lie flat (unable to rest on the left side), and incessant sweating. The condition was critical. He prescribed Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit) 5 qian, Su Zi (Perilla Seed) 1 qian, Zhi Ke (Bitter Orange), and Jiu Qin (Wine-fried Scutellaria Root) each 6 fen, Qian Hu (Peucedanum Root), and Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) each 5 fen, Gan Cao 3 fen, and three slices of fresh ginger. (The prescription formulation was exquisite.) After taking it, chest pain reduced by half, and wheezing stabilized. Upon further medication, stool was evacuated using honey suppositories, and the formula was modified as needed. Fever completely subsided, and symptoms gradually resolved.
Hu Jingyang’s mother, aged 72, had suffered from Spleen deficiency diarrhea for fifteen years without cure. Recently, she developed hemoptysis and coughing with copious, difficult-to-expectorate sputum. (Lung Metal stagnation is evident.) She experienced tidal fever during Shen and You hours (3 PM–7 PM), chest and diaphragm fullness preventing pillow use, significantly reduced appetite, aversion to wind, and sat within curtains all day. Physicians argued: fever and hemoptysis require cold-cooling herbs; chronic Spleen deficiency in an elderly person requires warming-tonifying herbs. These approaches contradicted each other, making treatment difficult. Fever with a large pulse is contraindicated for blood-loss patients. Helpless, they declined treatment. Sun examined her and found floating, surging, rapid, and slippery pulses on both hands. Surging and rapid indicate heat; slippery indicates phlegm; floating indicates Wind pathogen in the exterior. Due to Wind-Cold invasion, she had aversion to wind; the treatment should be clearing and resolving, ensuring safety. Those claiming contradiction failed to understand priority. Chronic Spleen diarrhea had not caused harm; the new acute heat must be addressed quickly—this is "treating the branch in emergencies." Tonifying the Spleen can wait after eliminating pathogens. Tidal fever here is caused by Wind pathogen, not Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity. Hemoptysis here results from failure to sweat when indicated, agitating blood, not Yin deficiency fire. The Classic states: "Those who lose blood do not sweat; those who lose sweat do not lose blood." Failure to sweat allows pathogens to agitate blood. Once the exterior is resolved, heat will subside and bleeding will stop. Hu stated his mother previously contracted Wind-Cold at Qiantang River, leading to fever, cough, hemoptysis, and copious sputum, confirming Sun’s diagnosis. He used Su Zi, Ma Huang (Ephedra Herb), and Bo He (Mint Leaf) to release the exterior as sovereign herbs; Zhi Ke, Jie Geng, Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Gua Lou, Zi Wan (Aster Root), and Bei Mu (Fritillaria Bulb) to resolve phlegm and stop coughing as minister herbs; Jiu Qin and Gan Cao as assistant herbs. After two doses, slight sweating occurred at dawn, fever subsided, chest fullness cleared, cough decreased significantly, and bleeding stopped largely. Porridge was introduced. Next day, Ma Huang was reduced, Fu Ling (Poria) added, and Qi Zhi Hua Tan Wan (Seven-Processed Phlegm-Resolving Pill) taken at night; cough halved. Aversion to wind ceased, and curtains were removed. Zhi Ke was replaced with Yi Yi Ren (Coix Seed) in the formula for conditioning.
Huang Lvsu said: "In my youth, I contracted Wind-Cold invasion. Neglecting sexual restraint, I woke every morning with nasal discharge and constant phlegm. It persisted for over a month until blood threads appeared in sputum, causing lasting harm. As the proverb says: 'Wind-Cold invasion unhealed becomes Consumption.' Lung (Metal) and Kidney (Water) share a mother-son relationship. Lung injury fails to generate Kidney Water; Son depletion exhausts the Mother. Without Kidney Water to control Fire, Fire attacks Lung Metal, worsening its decline. This forms deficiency cough. Indeed, though minor, Wind-Cold invasion requires utmost caution. Tonifying Spleen and protecting Kidney is paramount for health preservation. Lung disease patients must strictly abstain from sexual activity. Responses are swift, like shadow following form."
He also said: "I feared cold intolerance during exams and took Yu Ping Feng San (Jade Windscreen Powder). Instead, I suffered continuous spontaneous sweating. This was an error in equal parts Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) and Huang Qi. Materia Medica states: 'Huang Qi gains efficacy with Fang Feng.' Using 7 fen Huang Qi with 3 fen Fang Feng is correct. (Note: Never take this formula for Wind-Cold invasion before harmonization. Be cautious.)"
Yu Jiayan treated Shi Kaixiao, who had Wind-Cold invasion with coughing but no fever, feeling desperate urgency and interrupted breathing. Examination showed red face and head, restless agitation, and a large, empty pulse. Yu said: "This case is peculiar, resembling Tai Yang Disease Dai Yang syndrome (Floating Yang). Why does minor Wind-Cold cause this? Urgently use Ren Shen and Fu Zi (Aconite Root) to warm and tonify the Lower Yuan, retrieving Yang Qi. Otherwise, profuse sweating at Zi and Chou hours (11 PM–3 AM) will lead to Yang collapse and death." He disagreed. At sunset, Yang Qi waned, panic increased, and he could barely endure. He hastily took the medicine. Briefly calmed, then another person slept beside him, inducing profuse sweating. Another dose stopped sweating, restored comfort, and eliminated coughing. He explained four doses of Ma Huang had caused desperation. Thus, Wind-Cold invasion can present Dai Yang syndrome, identical to Tai Yang Disease, due to underlying Lower Yuan deficiency allowing True Yang to float upward. (Note: Four doses of Ma Huang are harmful even to robust individuals, let alone the deficient. Annotation: Some cases mimic Wind but are not Wind-Cold invasion; they stem from long-term Kidney deficiency, flooding water transforming into phlegm, and floating Yang stirring cough. This summer, I diagnosed Gao Shiquan’s pulse: Left Guan and Chi were floating, wiry, and empty. I warned his brother Junsheng. Later, Junsheng passed provincial exams. Before departure, Gao suddenly contracted Wind-Cold. Feng treated with dispersants, causing diarrhea next day. Huang treated with clearing agents, causing rising phlegm and rebellious Qi on day three. Gao complained of swollen lips, unable to drink. I examined him: lips were not swollen; tongue was dark and dry; pulse was thread-like and nearly absent. This is Yin collapse below and Yang rebellion above. Medicine could not save him; he died. Hong Zhangboliao’s mother had similar illness; I predicted untreatability due to deficient, hurried, hard-to-find pulse despite superficial Wind resemblance. She died ten days later. All events occurred before December Spring Festival. I heard Scholar Xu Jizhai died of Wind-Cold invasion days after Autumn Equinox; likely similar.)"
Lu Bu Yuan treated Yan Ren Gong’s wife, who had fever without sweating, incessant vomiting, and a contrary deep, weak pulse. (Wind-Cold invasion usually presents with floating pulse; deep indicates deviation.) People diagnosed Sha Yin Disease (Lesser-Yin Disease). Lu’s pulse revealed deep weakness, except Right Guan was superficially wiry and centrally slippery. This was Wind pathogen carrying Stomach fluid retention. Gan Ge (Kudzu Root), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Wu Zhu Yu (Evodia Fruit), and Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) were decocted urgently and taken slowly. Vomiting stopped, but fever intensified. Re-examination showed pulse tendency to float. He ordered porridge intake, which she refused. Forced to sip thick rice water, she sweated and fever normalized. Thin porridge followed, increasing sweating and reducing fever. Asked why drinking porridge worked when diet is forbidden in Wind-Cold, he replied: "Wind and Cold differ. Zhang Zhongjing’s Gui Zhi Tang treats Wind; post-medication porridge ingestion is ancient wisdom. Wind corresponds to Wood, which controls Earth (Spleen/Stomach). Zhang’s method cleverly avoids treating Wood directly, instead promoting Earth Qi movement, causing Wind-Wood pathogens to dissipate. Intensified heat and floating pulse indicate Wind dispersion. Without grain Qi support, weak Stomach Qi cannot produce sweat. This borrows Gui Zhi’s principle to induce sweat for stubborn Wind pathogens."
Annotation: In Tai Yang Disease or external contraction, prolonged illness dries fluids, preventing sweating. One dose of Da San Cai Yi Qi Tang steams fluids into sweat, curing the patient. Excessive use of Wind-dispersing or aromatic-dry herbs causes severe bloating before recovery. Later physicians call this miraculous internal support; I believe it merely replicates Zhang’s porridge method. How can later generations exceed ancient boundaries?
Wu Fuxian treated Lu Jing’an, who contracted Cold in summer. Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome) and Fang Feng dispersed sweat, curing him initially. Subsequent relapses responded poorly to dispersants. Wu said: "Repeated dispersal failed because Lung Qi is now deficient. Attacking exterior without supporting it allows Wind pathogens to enter endlessly." Formula: Huang Qi (5 qian) as sovereign to solidify Lung Qi and protect Wei; Fang Feng (1 qian) as assistant to aid Huang Qi in expelling pathogens. (This is Yu Ping Feng San.) Old pathogens have no residence; new ones cannot enter. Two doses cured him.
I consider Wind-Cold invasion not a trivial ailment. Caused by irregular temperature changes or improper clothing, it presents with nasal congestion, heavy voice, coughing, and copious phlegm. In persons with balanced Yuan Qi, it heals spontaneously without medicine. However, in those with inherent Kidney Water deficiency and Liver Fire hyperactivity, temporary Wind-Cold constraint triggers dry cough and sore throat. Here, external pathogen is light, but internal injury is heavy. Unaware physicians aggressively disperse, stirring Liver Wood fire upward, causing fever and headache. Followed by alternating chills and fever, further clearing resolves nothing. Within ten doses, Liver, Kidney, and Lung are severely damaged. Death occurs within months or a year. Laypeople claim "unhealed Wind-Cold becomes Consumption." Alas! Is Consumption truly caused by Wind-Cold? Foolish talk. It should be said: "Mismanaged Wind-Cold via inappropriate dispersal leads to Consumption." (Annotation: Many consumptions arise from external contraction. During Yongzheng/Qianlong reigns, Wu Cheng (courtesy name Shilang) from Shexian wrote *Bu Ju Ji*, specializing in external consumption, establishing a unique school, though his prescriptions were imperfect.)
Chai Yuqing said: "In early Yi Chou year, Dong Si, son-in-law of Zhang’s brother-in-law’s family, sought treatment for Wind-Cold invasion. I immediately judged it untreatable. My wife asked: 'He is a young, robust man; why such severity?' I replied: 'Pulse image is ruined; incurable.' It proved true. (Indicates severe Liver-Kidney damage.)"
Zhang Sanxi treated a man with Wind-Cold invasion, spontaneous sweating, and persistent fever. Believing himself deficient, he took Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang, worsening fever. Pulse was wiry, long, full, and forceful. He prescribed Sheng Ma Ge Gen Tang (Kudzu and Cimicifuga Decoction) with doubled Bai Shao and a little Gui Zhi. One dose stopped sweating and reduced fever. (*Zhi Fa Hui*.)
Another man had diarrhea with floating, urgent Left pulse, spontaneous sweating, and nasal congestion—Wind-Cold invasion causing diarrhea. He received Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Powder) plus Fang Feng, Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica), Sheng Ma, and Ge Gen, decocted with ginger and scallion. (Same source.)
Lu Xiao Yu treated Mrs. Wu Xunzhai, over sixty, with chronic Spleen deficiency diarrhea. In March, she developed coughing and hemoptysis with copious, difficult sputum, daily tidal fever, chest obstruction preventing pillow use, and aversion to wind/cold. Some physicians saw rapid pulse, hemoptysis, fever, and cough as Blood deficiency with Fire hyperactivity, prescribing Blood-nourishing and cooling herbs. Diarrhea continued, phlegm worsened. Other doctors, noting elderly age and chronic diarrhea, used Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction). Diarrhea persisted, phlegm became severe. Both physicians consulted; one noted hemoptysis contraindicates fever/large pulse; the other noted diarrhea contraindicates fever/large pulse. Both declined treatment. Pulse: Left Cun/Guan floating/surging; Right Cun/Guan slippery/rapid; both Chi weak. Exterior pathogen unresolved. Spleen diarrhea is chronic; hemoptysis stems from exterior Qi stagnation. Inquiry confirmed onset days after Wind exposure. Formula: Chao Hei Ma Huang (Charred Black Ephedra), Su Ye (Perilla Leaf), Qian Hu releasing exterior as sovereign; Xing Ren (Apricot Seed), Su Zi, Chen Pi regulating Qi as minister; Sang Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Pian Qin (Scutellaria), Hua Fen (Trichosanthes Root), Shi Gao (Gypsum) clearing heat as assistant; Gan Cao, Jie Geng dispersing diaphragm and harmonizing middle as envoy. Two doses: slight sweating, symptoms drastically reduced. Removed Ma Huang, Su Ye, Shi Gao; added Bai Shao, Fu Ling. Two more doses: symptoms vanished. Pill formula for Spleen diarrhea: Ren Shen, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling as sovereign; Bai Shao, Xia Tian Qu (Fermented Wheat) as minister; Zhi Cao (Honey-fried Licorice), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Sha Ren (Amomum Fruit) as assistant; Jujube flesh and Shen Qu paste as binder. Taken for weeks, she recovered.
Lu Zu Yu treated Chen Lixing, who after fatigue developed headache, nasal congestion, coughing, chest discomfort, dry throat, fever, slight sweating upon movement, and inability to expectorate sputum. Pulses: Both Cun floating/wiry/rapid; Left Guan wiry/tight; Right Guan wiry/slipping; both Chi peaceful. First, two doses of Shu Jie He Qi Tang (Regulating Qi Harmonizing Decoction); then two doses of Blood-nourishing formula. Symptoms resolved in 2-3 days.
Xue Lizai treated a woman, ascetic and diligent in needlework. Contracting Wind pathogen, she self-prescribed dispersants, resulting in morning chills/evening fever, spontaneous/diaphoretic sweating, and extreme deficiency. Pulses varied between floating/surging and minute/fine. Complexion alternated between blue-white and sallow. Pathogen expelled, but Qi and Blood further depleted. She took Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Comprehensive Great Tonifying Decoction) for over thirty doses, gradually improving. Then Jia Wei Xiao Yao San (Modified Free Wanderer Powder) combined treatment; recovered in half a year.
Annotation: Mismanaged Wind-Cold via inappropriate dispersal often leads to Consumption; observe this as a warning.
Lin Guanzi treated a woman who caught Wind after bathing, developing spontaneous sweating and fever, but lacking headache, body pain, or aversion to wind. Ten days of mixed treatments failed. Upper chest blockage progressed to inability to swallow liquids. Pulse above Guan was slightly floating—indicating Gua Di San (Melon Sepal Powder) syndrome. Since she was constitutionally deficient, he used two liang of Jie Geng Lu (Platycodon Rhizome) decoction. One dose induced vomiting of turbid, sour, foul saliva. Second dose repeated vomiting, bringing relief, fever removal, and recovery after days of conditioning.
Mao’s son had Wind-Cold invasion with wheezing cough, exacerbated by dietary/lifestyle irregularities. Examination: sallow-white complexion, involuntary nocturnal emissions, reduced appetite, wheezing/coughing/fever, and feeble pulses. Wheezing indicated True Qi escaping upward; fever indicated Yang Qi dissipating outward—not pure Yin deficiency. Sallow complexion indicated Spleen-Lung Qi deficiency failing to nourish. Reduced appetite indicated weak Spleen-Stomach Qi failing to transform. Nocturnal emissions indicated Kidney Qi failing to secure. All root Qi disorders. Prescribed Ren Shen 2 qian, Huang Qi 3 qian, Rou Gui (Cinnamon Bark) 5 fen, Zhi Cao 5 fen, Fu Ling 1 qian, Ban Xia Qu (Pinellia Fermented Paste) 1 qian, Ju Hong (Tangerine Pith) 8 fen. Several doses: wheezing calmed, fever receded. Followed by Da Zao Gao (Great Creation Paste) for conditioning; appetite improved, spirit restored.
Zhu Hanwen occasionally contracted mild Wind-Cold. Given Ma Huang for aggressive sweating, sweating did not stop, leading to timid speech, scattered spirit, sallow complexion, intermittent chills/fever, nearing death. Pulses: minute, choppy, deficient. Deficiency means Qi shortage; choppy means Yin injury. This is dual injury of Yuan Qi and Body Fluids. How did minor Wind-Cold reach this? Ma Huang is pungent, sweet, warm, a heavy sweating agent for Tai Yang Disease. Inappropriate use robbed fluids and collapsed Yuan Qi. Treatment required dual Yin-Yang tonification: Ren Shen, Zhi Shou Wu (Prepared Polygonum Multiflorum), Fu Ling, Bai Shao, Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Gan Cao, Guang Pi (Tangerine Peel), Ban Xia Qu. Three doses: pulse gained spirit, symptoms subsided. Gradually added Huang Qi and Bai Zhu for stability. (Cross-reference with Yu Jiayan case.)
Liu Yunmi said: "In Ding You winter, many suffered headache, aversion to wind, clear nasal discharge, and severe coughing/phlegm. Winter Wind formulas helped many, but some resisted treatment. That year, Minister Fire governed the lower realm; final phase featured Minister Fire, where Guest Qi was overcome by Host Qi Cold Water. Classic says: 'Host overcoming Guest is adverse.' Fire is Qi’s master. Though different from Tai Yang pathogen entering meridians, Cold Qi reversed upward, occupying Fire position, blocking Fire Qi. Thus, although resembling Wind, Wind-dispersing herbs like Qiang Huo aggravated it, depleting Qi and weakening Fire. Gui Zhi Tang with Bai Shao was unsuitable; Gui Zhi only releases exterior excess, unlike Ma Huang which penetrates water to extract True Yang. I first treated the branch with Gan Jiang Li Zhong Tang assisting Wu Ling San to descend Cold Phlegm/Water; then treated the root with Ma Huang Tang removing Xing Ren, assisted by Gan Jiang, Ren Shen, Chuan Xiong, Ban Xia, inducing slight sweating. Adhering to this formula with minor adjustments always retained Ma Huang but added tonics to avoid excessive sweating. Patients recovered miraculously."
Nie Jiuwu said: "A friend prided himself on medical skill, naturally hot temperament, habitually took cooling herbs. While in Beijing for audience, he suffered prolonged cough from Wind-Cold invasion. I said: 'Cough due to Wind-Cold requires eliminating Cold first, then clearing Heat. Start with Sang Ye (Mulberry Leaf), Xing Ren, Ma Huang, Fang Feng.' He insisted on his view, avoiding drying herbs, using only Zhi Zi (Gardenia), Huang Qin, Hua Fen cooling agents. After days, voice lost. Seeking help again, I warned: 'If you follow my prescription without personal interference, voice returns instantly. If you insist on self-medication, I withdraw.' Reluctantly compliant, I prescribed Jia Wei San Ao Tang (Modified Three Constrictions Decoction): Xing Ren 2.5 qian, Sheng Gan Cao 5 fen, Qiang Huo, Jie Geng each 8 fen, Fang Feng 1 qian, Sheng Jiang 3 qian. Decocted in water, taken warm. Voice returned after one dose."
Wei Yuheng treated Sun Dunfu’s daughter, approx. ten years old. Winter mild cough from Cold invasion. Specialist dispersed too much, causing persistent fever. Another doctor used Liu Jun Zi Tang plus Pao Jiang (Roasted Ginger) and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry); fever subsided, but cough worsened, frequent diarrhea, tenesmus, white pus in stool. Doctor thought fever reduction meant correct prescription, repeated it. Patient developed red face, dry mouth, anorexia, insomnia. I happened to treat her grandfather and examined her. Pulse: deficient and rapid. I said: "Four doses will cure, but slight epistaxis is necessary." Prescribed Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root), Shu Di Huang, Gou Qi Zi (Goji Berry) each 4 qian, Tian Dong (Asparagus Root), Mai Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Gua Lou Ren (Trichosanthes Seed) each 1.5 qian. Patient exclaimed: "Diarrhea already present; adding slippery agents will worsen it!" I smiled: "Just take it; illness will decrease." Half cup administered; cough improved. Three consecutive doses: 40-50% recovery. Added Jiu Qin, Jiu Shao each 1 qian to previous formula. Two doses: slight epistaxis (one small cup), full recovery. Asked for explanation: "Child constitutionally weak; illness is popularly called 'Fire Wind.' Untreated, it would heal. Specialist used Jing Jie (Schizonepeta), Fang Feng, Guang Pi, Ban Xia, Xiong (Ligusticum), Su Ye, Qian Hu, Jie Geng—all drying herbs. They stirred San Jiao Fire, causing Yang disturbance and intense heat. Later doctor recognized deficiency, prescribed sweet-cold moistening agents to calm symptoms. But Liu Jun Zi is drying-tonifying; added Pao Jiang’s acrid-warmth and Wu Wei Zi’s sour-astringency. Leveraging Ren Shen, fever subsided, but internal blazing Fire entered Lung, like Tai Yang transmitting inward. Severe Lung Heat forced downward into Large Intestine causing dysentery. White pus resulted from Dry Metal heat accumulation, identical to dysentery. Nourishing Ying Qi, moistening dryness, clearing heat cures it." Asked how I knew epistaxis was indicated: "Initially diarrhea meant Fire..."