有瘟疫。寒疫。此天地不正之气。多感于房劳辛苦之人。从口鼻而入。当随时令参运气而施
治。不可大汗大下。当从乎中。而用阳明少阳二经药。初看未见端的。先以其败毒散加薄荷
治之。看归何经。再随经施治。见阳明经者。用升麻葛根汤。见少阳症者。用小柴胡加防风
羌活。少阳阳明兼见者柴葛二汤合服。寒热往来而大便泄者。小柴胡合五苓。寒多去芩。留
桂。大便秘。小柴胡加大黄。小便秘。小柴胡。合四苓。发黄。再加茵陈。作渴。小柴加石
膏。知母。发狂不识人。大柴胡。加当归。如大便泄者。三黄石膏汤。若入太阴经无热症见
者。用理中汤。此症必腹痛而泻。痛止仍用小柴胡。若入少阴厥阴经。用阴症伤寒。传经治
之。如春夏染者参看温热病二条。秋时染者多身热咳嗽。金沸草散。若渴白虎汤加苍术。若
热蓄发疸。茵陈五苓散。若痢疾。人参败毒散。加陈仓米炒。倘燥太过。用润燥散。冬时染者
。多身热头疼咽干。人参败毒散。或甘桔汤。加玄参。发斑者。阳毒升麻汤通用。加减调中
汤。预防四时疫气。用藿香正气散。四时外感发热恶寒。用香苏散。四时感冒风寒。鼻塞头
疼。痰涎呕逆。用参苏饮。又有大头伤寒。天行时。病初觉寒热身痛。次则头面红肿疙瘩。
甚则咽喉堵塞害人最速。多发于冬温之后。脉浮在表。用普济消毒散。或荆防败毒散。脉沉
在里。羌活。黄连。黄芩。俱酒炒。大黄酒蒸。鼠粘为主。连两目鼻面肿者。阳明也。加干
葛。升麻。石膏。赤芍药。发耳前并头角。少阳也。加柴胡。栝蒌仁。发脑后颈下肿起。太
阳也。加防风。荆芥。水煎时时呷。邪气甚者。通大便。加芒硝。遇凶荒劳役。宜普济消毒
散。（即普济散）
普济消毒散 专治大头伤寒。
黄芩 黄连（各一钱） 鼠相子 蓝板根 连翘 马屁勃（各一钱） 陈皮 生甘草 桔梗
玄参 柴胡（各一钱） 升麻 僵蚕（各五分） 人参（三钱）
为末。白汤调服。时时呷之。留一半蜜丸噙化。或加防风薄荷。当归川芎。水煎服。大
便硬
。加大黄。若非便秘。忌用降下之剂。肿不消者。砭去血。可用通关散。倍羊踯躅。及藜
芦少许搐鼻以泄其毒久不愈。欲作脓者。内服托里消毒散。
疏风清热饮 治虾蟆瘟遍身如虾蟆之皮皆属于风热。
羌活 防风 荆芥 黄芩 甘草（各二三钱） 煎服。
又方 侧柏叶自然汁。调蚯蚓泥敷之。
又方 丁香尖。南星醋磨敷之。
三黄石膏汤
黄芩 黄连 黄柏 山栀（各二钱） 麻黄（钱半自汗者去之） 石膏（五钱） 香豉（三钱）
水煎加辰砂服。
又方 治时疫寒热。将黑豆二合炒香。甘草二寸炙黄。切碎。用水煎时时呷之。
理中汤
人参 白术 干姜 甘草
大便涩者。用散。利者用丸。寒甚腹痛。四肢冷。加附子脐下动气。欲作奔豚。去术
。加肉桂。吐多。去术。加半夏。姜汁制。下多。还用术。悸。加茯苓。渴。倍白术。腹痛里虚
。倍人参。寒。倍干姜。
吐不止。去甘草。加姜汁。吐蛔。去甘草。加乌梅。饥逆。加丁香柿蒂。哕逆。加木香
。霍乱转筋。加石膏。寒湿发黄。加茵陈。脾弱泻不止。溺不利。
倍参术。合五苓散。内虚腹痛。合小建中汤。陶氏加肉桂。陈皮茯苓姜枣临服入
陈壁土炒一匙。自利肚腹痛。加木香磨。姜汁。腹痛甚。去白术。或阴结症。本方加大黄利
金沸草散
金沸草 荆芥 麻黄 甘草 赤芍 半夏 前胡 姜枣
润燥汤
生地 山栀 升麻 柴胡 石膏 生姜
自汗加桂枝。无汗。加苏叶。干葛。虚烦。加麦门冬。渴。加天花粉。咳嗽。加杏仁
阳毒升麻汤
升麻 犀角 射干 黄芩 人参 甘草
加减调中汤
芍药 茯苓 白术 麦门冬 生地 陈皮 桔梗 乌梅
痰。加贝母。热甚。加黄芩。
藿香正气散
此方治内伤脾胃。外感风寒。若病在太阳。头疼发热。骨节痛。不可用。
藿香 紫苏 白芷 大腹皮 茯苓 浓朴 白术 陈皮 桔梗 半夏曲 甘草 姜枣
一方去白术加香附米。
香苏散
香附 紫苏 陈皮 甘草 葱姜 头目痛。加川芎白芷。热甚。加柴胡。
参苏饮
人参 半夏 茯苓 陈皮 枳壳 桔梗 前胡 干葛 甘草 紫苏
后人去人参。以川芎代人参。柴胡代前胡。芎苏饮。
若寒天气促。咳嗽。加麻黄杏仁。金沸草。若温天咳嗽。加桑白皮。杏仁。如有热痰。
加黄芩。栝蒌仁。周身骨节疼。加羌活。妇人胎前产后。加川芎。当归。芍药。
又秘方 人中黄五钱。苍术。羌活。各三钱。煎服立愈。
小陷胸汤 胸膈迷闷。乃邪热结于上焦。而生痰也。
半夏（六钱） 黄连（三钱） 栝蒌（一个）
连皮肉取四分之一作一服水二钟。先煮栝蒌至一钟半。下余药煎至一钟温服。如未效再
服。口出黄涎即愈。
大陷胸汤 胸前胀闷烦满。不进饮食。及渴多饮水。有停饮在上。行早之故。名曰结胸
大黄（五钱） 芒硝（一两八钱五分） 甘遂（二钱五分）
为末。作二服。水二钟。煎大黄至一钟去渣。入硝煎一沸。入甘遂末温服。得快利止。
Plague and cold plague are caused by the abnormal qi of heaven and earth, mostly affecting those who have engaged in excessive sexual activity or hard labor. The pathogenic factor enters through the mouth and nose. Treatment should be administered according to the seasonal climate and the theory of five movements and six qi (Yunqi), avoiding drastic sweating or purgation methods. One should adopt a "middle" approach, using herbs from the Yangming and Shaoyang meridians.
If the exact syndrome is not yet clear at initial examination, first treat with Baidu San (Defeat Toxin Powder) added with Bohe (Mint). Once the affected meridian is identified, treatment should follow the specific meridian. For Yangming meridian syndromes, use Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifugae et Puerariae Decoction). For Shaoyang symptoms, use Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) added with Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) and Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome). If both Shaoyang and Yangming syndromes are present, take the two decoctions together.
For cases with alternating chills and fever accompanied by diarrhea, combine Xiaochaihu Tang with Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). If cold predominates, remove Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) and retain Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig). For constipation, add Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) to Xiaochaihu Tang. For scanty or painful urination, combine Xiaochaihu Tang with Siling San (Four-Poria Powder). For jaundice, add Yinchen (Artemisia Capillaris Herba). For thirst, add Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) to Xiaochaihu Tang. For mania and confusion, use Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) added with Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Radix). If accompanied by diarrhea, use Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three-Yellow Gypsum Decoction).
If the disease transmits to the Taiyin meridian without heat signs, use Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction). This condition must present with abdominal pain and diarrhea; after the pain subsides, continue with Xiaochaihu Tang. If transmitting to the Shaoyin or Jueyin meridians, treat according to the transmission patterns of Cold Damage Yin Syndromes. If contracted in spring or summer, refer to the two sections on Warm Diseases. Autumn infections often present with fever and cough, treated with Jinfeicao San (Goldenweed Leaf Powder). If thirsty, use Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) added with Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma). If heat accumulation causes jaundice, use Yinchin Wuling San (Artemisia Capillaris Five-Ingredient Powder). For dysentery, use Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Defeat Toxin Powder) with stir-fried Chen Cang Mi (aged rice). If dryness is excessive, use Rundao San (Moisten Dryness Powder).
Winter infections often present with fever, headache, and dry throat, treated with Renshen Baidu San or Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) added with Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix). For macules/rash, generally use Yangdu Shengma Tang (Yang-Toxin Cimicifuga Decoction) with modifications to Tiaozhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction). To prevent epidemic qi in all seasons, use Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Patchouli Harmonizing Qi Powder). For exterior febrile diseases with aversion to cold in any season, use Xiangsu San (Costus and Perilla Powder). For wind-cold common colds with nasal congestion, headache, phlegm, and vomiting, use Renshen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink).
There is also "Big Head Cold Damage," an epidemic disease. Initially, one feels chills, fever, and body pain, followed by swelling and nodules on the head and face. In severe cases, the throat becomes blocked, causing rapid death. It often occurs after winter warmth. If the pulse is floating (exterior), use Puji Xiaodu San (Universal Benefit Detoxification Powder) or Jingfang Baidu San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Defeat Toxin Powder). If the pulse is deep (interior), use Qianghuo, Huanglian (Coeland Chinensis Rhizoma), Huangqin, all wine-fried, and Dahuang steamed with wine, with Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus) as the chief herb. Swelling involving eyes, nose, and face indicates Yangming meridian involvement; add Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Shigao, and Chishao (Red Peony Root). Swelling before the ears and at the temple angles indicates Shaoyang meridian involvement; add Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) and Gualou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen). Swelling behind the ears and below the neck indicates Taiyang meridian involvement; add Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) and Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike). Decoct in water and sip frequently. For severe pathogenic factors, promote bowel movement with Mangxiao (Mirabilite). During famines or heavy labor, Puji Xiaodu San is suitable.
[Formula] Puji Xiaodu San: Specifically treats Big Head Cold Damage.
Ingredients: Huangqin, Huanglian (each 1 qian), Shuxiangzi (Arctii Fructus), Lanban Gen (Isatidis Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Mapibo (likely a local herb, possibly referring to a specific root), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Sheng Gancao (Raw Licorice Root), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Xuanshen, Chaihu (each 1 qian), Shengma, Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus) (each 0.5 qian), Renshen (3 qian).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Mix with warm water and sip frequently. Reserve half to make honey pills for sucking. Alternatively, add Fangfeng, Bohe, Danggui, and Chuanxiong, decoct in water. If stool is hard, add Dahuang. If not constipated, avoid purgatives. If swelling does not subside, use bloodletting (Bianfa). Use Tongguan San (Open the Pass Powder) with increased Yangzhizhu (Daphne Genkwa Flower) and a little Lili (Veratrum Nigrum) insufflated into the nose to drain toxicity. For chronic cases threatening suppuration, internally administer Tuoli Xiaodu San (Support Interior Detoxification Powder).
[Formula] Shufeng Qingre Yin: Treats Mumps (Hamawen), where the whole body resembles frog skin, attributed to wind-heat.
Ingredients: Qianghuo, Fangfeng, Jingjie, Huangqin, Gancao (each 2-3 qian).
Usage: Decoct and drink.
Alternative Formula: Apply fresh juice of Cebaiye (Biota Tops) mixed with earthworm mud topically.
Another Alternative: Apply ground Dingxiang (Clove) and Nanxing (Arisaema Cum Bile) prepared with vinegar topically.
[Formula] Sanhuang Shigao Tang:
Ingredients: Huangqin, Huanglian, Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus) (each 2 qian), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) (1.5 qian, remove if spontaneous sweating), Shigao (5 qian), Xiangchi (Fermented Soybean).
Usage: Decoct in water, add Zhensha (Cinnabar), and take.
Alternative Formula: For epidemic alternating chills and fever, stir-fry 2 he of Heidou (Black Soybean) until fragrant, roast 2 cun of Gancao until yellow, chop, decoct in water, and sip frequently.
[Formula] Lizhong Tang:
Ingredients: Renshen, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Gancao.
Modifications: For difficult stool, use powder form; for loose stool, use pill form. For severe cold with abdominal pain and cold limbs, add Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata). For qi moving below the navel threatening Ben Tun (Hernia/Running Piglet), remove Baizhu and add Rougui (Cinnamon Bark). For frequent vomiting, remove Baizhu and add Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) processed with ginger juice. For frequent diarrhea, retain Baizhu. For palpitations, add Fuling (Poria). For thirst, double Baizhu. For abdominal pain due to interior deficiency, double Renshen. For cold, double Ganjiang.
For persistent vomiting, remove Gancao and add ginger juice. For vomiting roundworms, remove Gancao and add Wumei (Mume Fructus). For hunger-induced regurgitation, add Dingxiang (Clove) and Shidi (Diospyros Calyx). For hiccups, add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix). For cholera with muscle cramps, add Shigao. For cold-damp jaundice, add Yinchen. For spleen weakness with persistent diarrhea and difficult urination, double Renshen and Baizhu, combine with Wuling San. For interior deficiency abdominal pain, combine with Xiaojianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction). Tao's modification adds Rougui, Chenpi, Fuling, Jiang (Ginger), and Zao (Jujube); add one spoon of stir-fried Chen Bisitu (Old Wall Soil) before taking. For self-directed diarrhea with abdominal pain, add Muxiang processed with ginger juice. For severe abdominal pain, remove Baizhu. For Yin knot syndrome, add Dahuang to this formula.
[Formula] Jinfeicao San:
Ingredients: Jinfeicao (Herba Sonchi), Jingjie, Mahuang, Gancao, Chishao, Banxia, Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Jiang, Zao.
[Formula] Rundao Tang:
Ingredients: Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Shanzhi, Shengma, Chaihu, Shigao, Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger).
Modifications: For spontaneous sweating, add Guizhi. For no sweating, add Ziye (Perilla Leaf) and Ge Gen. For deficiency vexation, add Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix). For thirst, add Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix). For cough, add Xingren (Prunus Armeniacae Semen).
[Formula] Yangdu Shengma Tang:
Ingredients: Shengma, Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu - note: substitute with Shuiniujiao per modern standards, but text says Xijiao), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Huangqin, Renshen, Gancao.
[Formula] Ji Jian Tiaozhong Tang:
Ingredients: Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Fuling, Baizhu, Maidong, Shengdi, Chenpi, Jiegeng, Wumei.
Modifications: For phlegm, add Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus). For severe heat, add Huangqin.
[Formula] Huoxiang Zhengqi San:
This formula treats internal injury to the Spleen and Stomach with external contraction of wind-cold. Do not use if the disease is in the Taiyang meridian presenting with headache, fever, and joint pain.
Ingredients: Huoxiang (Agastache Herba), Zisu (Perilla Leaf), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium), Fuling, Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Baizhu, Chenpi, Jiegeng, Banxia Qu (Pinellia Prepared with Bran), Gancao, Jiang, Zao.
One variation removes Baizhu and adds Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma).
[Formula] Xiangsu San:
Ingredients: Xiangfu, Zisu, Chenpi, Gancao, Jiang, Cong (Scallion).
Modifications: For head/eye pain, add Chuanxiong and Baizhi. For severe heat, add Chaihu.
[Formula] Renshen Su Yin:
Ingredients: Renshen, Banxia, Fuling, Chenpi, Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Jiegeng, Qianhu, Ge Gen, Gancao, Zisu.
Later practitioners removed Renshen, replacing it with Chuanxiong, and replaced Qianhu with Chaihu, naming it Xiong Su Yin.
Modifications: For cold weather with shortness of breath and cough, add Mahuang, Xingren, and Jinfeicao. For warm weather cough, add Sangbaipi (Morus Cortex) and Xingren. For hot phlegm, add Huangqin and Gualou Ren. For body joint pain, add Qianghuo. For women during pregnancy or postpartum, add Chuanxiong, Danggui, and Shaoyao.
Secret Formula: 5 qian Renzhonghuang (Indigo Naturalis processed with human waste), 3 qian Cangzhu, 3 qian Qianghuo. Decoct and drink for immediate cure.
[Formula] Xiao Xianxiong Tang: Treats chest and diaphragm oppression due to evil heat binding in the Upper Jiao generating phlegm.
Ingredients: Banxia (6 qian), Huanglian (3 qian), Gualou (1 fruit).
Usage: Take one-quarter of the gourd (with skin and flesh) per dose. Add 2 zhong of water. First decoct the gourd until 1.5 zhong remains, then add remaining herbs and decoct until 1 zhong remains. Take warm. Repeat if ineffective. Cure indicated by expulsion of yellow saliva.
[Formula] Da Xianxiong Tang: Treats chest distension, oppression, irritability, anorexia, and excessive thirst due to retained fluid in the upper part, caused by premature purging. Named "Jie Xiong" (Binding Chest).
Ingredients: Dahuang (5 qian), Mangxiao (1 liang 8 qian 5 fen), Gansui (Kansui Radix) (2 qian 5 fen).
Usage: Grind into powder. Divide into two doses. Add 2 zhong of water. Decoct Dahuang until 1 zhong remains, strain, add Mangxiao, boil once, add Gansui powder, and take warm. Stop when effective laxation occurs.