桂枝辛热 发散风寒，肥实腠理。
越婢汤发越脾气；
葛根汤用为解肌；
大青龙散寒；
小青龙发表；
甘草汤行阳；
附子汤升阴；
救逆汤解未尽表邪；
牡蛎汤散经中火逆；
桃核承气散血；
炙甘草汤复脉；
半夏散散客寒咽痛；
四逆汤救阳气外虚。
凡三十七方同用。
麻黄苦温 泄卫气发表，通腠理，疏伤寒头疼，消赤黑斑毒，治温疟瘴疫，开毛孔皮肤。
大青龙主营卫俱病；
小青龙救寒邪在表；
附子汤解少阴之寒；
石膏汤治汗出而喘；
升麻汤发甚热；
甘草汤救表寒。
凡十三方同者。
葛根甘平 主伤寒中风头痛，开腠理发汗解肌，治太阳项强，疗合病自利。
半夏汤但呕而不下利；
黄连汤表未解而喘急。
凡四方同用。
升麻味甘苦平 主瘟疫时行热疾，止头痛寒热瘴疟。葱白为引散太阳风寒，
石膏为使止阳明齿痛，升阳气于至阴之下，发浮热表实可已。
生姜辛温 主伤寒头痛鼻塞，治咳逆痰水，温中安和胃气，游行诸经，仲景
诸汤以发散风寒而通神明。
凡二十三方同用。
葱白辛温 通上下阳气，散风寒表邪，入太阴阳明，引众药发散。少阴证，
面色赤者，宜加白通汤。肾苦燥者可润。
瓜蒂苦寒有毒 吐心胸填塞，咽喉不得息，湿家头中风寒湿，内药鼻中即愈。
赤小豆甘酸 通气利小便，下水，止消渴。
瓜蒂散涌吐逆气、虚烦；
赤小豆汤，治黄从小便中出。
栀子苦寒有毒 主少阴虚满，时疾发黄，轻瓢象肺，入太阴经。色赤，象
火，彻心中热。
栀子豉汤吐心中懊 ；
浓朴汤吐心烦腹满。
凡用栀子汤旧微溏者，不可服。
凡六方同用。
香豉苦甘 通关节，出汗，吐胸中塞窒。治下后心热。与薤白同煎，治伤寒
下利劳复发热。同苦以发之。
Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi), pungent and hot, disperses wind-cold and consolidates the *Couli* (pores and interstices) in robust individuals.
Yebibo Decoction (Yuebi Tang) promotes the dissemination of Spleen Qi;
Ge Gen Tang (Kudzu Root Decoction) is used to release the muscle layer;
Da Qing Long Tang (Major Blue Dragon Decoction) dispels cold;
Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) releases the exterior;
Gan Cao Tang (Licorice Decoction) circulates Yang Qi;
Fu Zi Tang (Aconite Decoction) raises Yin Qi;
Jiu Ni Tang (Rescue from Deviation Decoction) resolves residual exterior pathogens;
Mu Li Tang (Oyster Shell Decoction) dissipates fire deviation within the meridians;
Tao He Cheng Qi Tang (Peach Kernel Decoction to Descend the Qi) dissipates blood stasis;
Zhi Gan Cao Tang (Honey-fried Licorice Decoction) restores the pulse;
Ban Xia San (Pinellia Powder) dissipates pathogenic cold causing throat pain;
Si Ni Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) rescues deficient Yang Qi on the exterior.
The above thirty-seven formulas share these functions.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang), bitter and warm, drains Wei Qi to release the exterior, unblocks the Couli, relieves headache due to Cold Damage, eliminates red-black toxic spots, treats Warm Malaria and miasma epidemics, and opens the pores and skin.
Da Qing Long Tang (Major Blue Dragon Decoction) manages simultaneous disorders of Ying and Wei;
Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) saves cases where cold pathogens are at the exterior;
Fu Zi Tang (Aconite Decoction) resolves cold in the Shaoyin channel;
Shi Gao Tang (Gypsum Decoction) treats sweating with wheezing;
Sheng Ma Tang (Cimicifugae Decoction) disperses intense heat;
Gan Cao Tang (Licorice Decoction) rescues exterior cold.
The above thirteen formulas share these functions.
Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen), sweet and neutral, primarily treats headache due to Cold Damage or Wind Strike, opens the Couli to induce sweating and release the muscle layer, treats stiffness of the neck in Taiyang syndrome, and cures spontaneous diarrhea in concurrent diseases.
Ban Xia Tang (Pinellia Decoction) is used only for vomiting without diarrhea;
Huang Lian Tang (Coptis Decoction) treats urgent wheezing when the exterior pattern is unresolved.
The above four formulas share these functions.
Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), sweet and bitter, neutral, primarily treats plague and seasonal febrile diseases, stops headache, chills and fever, and malaria. Scallion White (Cong Bai) serves as a guiding drug to disperse wind-cold in the Taiyang channel,
Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) serves as an envoy drug to stop toothache in the Yangming channel, raising Yang Qi from below the extreme Yin, dispersing floating heat so that exterior excess patterns may resolve.
Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang), pungent and warm, primarily treats headache and nasal congestion due to Cold Damage, treats cough, counterflow qi, and phlegm-fluids, warms the middle and harmonizes Stomach Qi, travels through all meridians. Zhang Zhongjing
uses it in various decoctions to disperse wind-cold and clarify the spirit.
The above twenty-three formulas share these functions.
Allii Tuberosi Bulbus (Congbai), pungent and warm, unblocks Yang Qi above and below, disperses wind-cold exterior pathogens, enters the Taiyin and Yangming channels, and guides other drugs to disperse. In Shaoyin syndrome,
where the face is red, Bai Tong Tang (White Connective Decoction) should be added. The Kidney dislikes dryness, which can be moistened.
Momordicae Semen (Gua Di), bitter and cold, toxic, induces vomiting for chest and epigastric fullness, relieves respiratory distress in the throat, treats dampness patients suffering from wind-cold-damp, and curing by insufflating medicine into the nose.
Vigna Angularis Semen (Chi Xiao Dou), sweet and sour, promotes circulation and diuresis, drains water, and stops thirst.
Gua Di San (Momordica Powder) induces vomiting for counterflow qi and deficiency vexation;
Chi Xiao Dou Tang (Red Bean Decoction) treats jaundice draining via urination.
Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi), bitter and cold, toxic, primarily treats deficiency-fullness in Shaoyin, jaundice from epidemic diseases, resembles the lung in shape, enters the Taiyin channel. Red in color, resembling fire, it clears heat from the heart.
Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) induces vomiting for mental restlessness;
Hou Po Tang (Magnolia Bark Decoction) induces vomiting for vexation and abdominal fullness.
For those using Zhizi Tang who have loose stools, it must not be administered.
The above six formulas share these functions.
Sojae Preparata (Xiang Chi), bitter and sweet, unblocks joints, induces sweating, and induces vomiting for chest oppression. Treats heart heat after purgative therapy. Decocted with Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus (Xie Bai), it treats recurrence of fever due to overexertion following diarrhea from Cold Damage. It uses bitter flavors to disperse it.