心脉滑为渴（阳气胜也）。
趺阳浮而数，浮为气，数消谷。
心脉微小为消瘅。
寸脉浮而迟（浮为虚，迟为劳，卫气亏，荣气渴）。
脉轻散者，气实血虚。
脉洪大者，阳余阴亏。
脉数大者、沉小者生；实坚大者死、细浮短者死、数甚者死。
因津血不足而然也，盖火甚于上为鬲膜之消，病则舌上赤裂，大渴引饮，
以白虎加参主之。火甚于中，为肠胃之消，病善饮者，自瘦自汗，大便硬，小便
数，以调胃承气、三黄汤等治之。火甚于下，为肾消，病则烦躁，小便淋浊如膏
油之状，以六味地黄丸治之。
方 黄连（末） 天花粉 人乳 地黄汁 藕汁 姜汁 蜜
为膏留舌上，以白汤送下。
参膏汤 治鬲消，上焦渴，不欲多食。
人参（五钱） 石膏（一两） 知母（六钱） 甘草（三钱五分）
上水煎，调服寒水石、活石末炒。
顺气散 治消中能食，小便赤黄。
川椒（一两） 大黄（四两） 枳壳（二钱） 赤芍药
茴香散 治肾消小便如油。
茴香 苦楝（炒） 五味子
上为末，酒下二钱。
珍珠丸 治白淫滑泄，思想无穷，所愿不得。
黄柏（降火） 真蛤粉（咸补肾）
上各等分，水丸，空心酒下。
甘津甘露饮
石膏 甘草（滋水） 黄连 黄柏 栀子 杏仁 知母（泻热补水） 麦门冬 全蝎
连翘 白葵 白芷 归 兰香（和血润燥） 升麻 木香 柴胡（行经） 藿香（反佐取之） 桔梗
上为末，舐之。
张法神芎丸
黄连（入心） 牵牛（逐火） 活石（入肾） 大黄（逐火） 黄芩（入肺） 薄荷（散热）
三黄丸
大黄（春秋二两，夏一两，冬五两。） 黄芩（夏秋六两，春四两，冬三两。） 黄连（春
四两，夏一两，秋冬三两。）
神白散 治真阴虚损。
猪 丸 治消中。
猪 （一个） 连（五两） 麦门冬（去心四两） 知母（四两） 栝蒌根（四两）
上四味入 中缝之，蒸烂，乘热于砂盆内杵，丸如坚加蜜，丸桐子大，服四五十丸。
葛粉丸 治肾消。
葛根 栝蒌（各三两） 铅丹（二两） 附子（炮削一两）
上蜜丸，桐子大，服十丸，春夏去附。
胡粉散 治大渴，不治肾消。
铅丹（五钱） 胡粉 赤白石脂（各五钱） 泽泻（五钱） 石膏（五钱） 栝蒌根（三两半）
甘草（炙三两）
上或丸，或末，任意；腹痛减服。
人参白术汤
人参 白术 川归 芍药 大黄 栀子 泻泽（各五钱） 连翘 栝蒌根 茯苓（各
一两） 桂（一两） 藿香 木香（各一两） 寒水石（一两） 活石 消石（半斤） 甘草
（三两） 石膏（四两）
上姜煎，入蜜少许。
酒煮黄连丸 治中暑热渴。
If the pulse is weak and deficient, death ensues.
If the pulse is wiry and deep-hidden, with masses (Zheng) in the abdomen that cannot be moved, death ensues.
If no pulse can be felt, death ensues.
A slippery Heart Pulse indicates thirst (due to excess Yang Qi).
A floating and rapid Fu-Yang Pulse (pulse at the dorsum pedis, reflecting Stomach Qi): floating indicates Qi [exuberance/externalization], rapid indicates consumption of food (polyphagia).
A minute and small Heart Pulse indicates Xiao-Dan (a disease characterized by emaciation and vexation-thirst).
A floating and slow Cun-Pulse: floating indicates deficiency, slow indicates labor/exhaustion; Wei-Qi (Defensive Qi) is deficient, Ying-Qi (Nutritive Qi) is depleted causing thirst.
A pulse that is loose and scattered upon light palpation indicates Excess of Qi and Deficiency of Blood.
A洪大 (Hongda / Surging and Large) pulse indicates excess Yang and deficiency of Yin.
A rapid and large pulse, or a deep and small pulse, indicates survival; a solid, firm, and large pulse, a fine, floating, and short pulse, or an excessively rapid pulse, indicate death.
This arises from insufficiency of Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) and Xue (Blood). Generally speaking, when Fire is excessive in the Upper Jiao, it is called Ge-Xiao (Diaphragm Thirst); symptoms include a red and cracked tongue, extreme thirst with desire to drink, treated with Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng). When Fire is excessive in the Middle Jiao, it is called Chang-Wei Xiao (Intestinal and Stomach Thirst); symptoms include polyphagia with emaciation, spontaneous sweating, dry stool, and frequent urination, treated with Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Intestines and Harmonize the Stomach Decoction), Sanhuang Tang (Three Yellows Decoction), etc. When Fire is excessive in the Lower Jiao, it is called Shen-Xiao (Kidney Thirst); symptoms include irritability and turbid urine resembling oil paste, treated with Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia).
Formula: Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, powdered), Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Renru (Human Milk), Dihuang Zhi (Rehmanniae Radix Juice), Ou Zhi (Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Juice), Jiang Zhi (Zingiberis Rhizome Juice), Mi (Honey).
Make into a paste, hold on the tongue, and swallow with warm water.
Shen Gao Tang (Ginseng Paste Decoction): Treats Ge-Xiao (Diaphragm Thirst), thirst in the Upper Jiao, and aversion to eating much.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 5 qian), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 6 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root, 3 qian 5 fen).
Decoct in water, mix with powder of Hanshui Shi (Calcitum) and Huoshi (Realgar) stir-fried.
Shunqi San (Smooth Qi Powder): Treats Zhong-Xiao (Middle Thirst) with ability to eat, and dark yellow urine.
Chuanjiao (Sichuan Pepper Fruit, 1 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 4 liang), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, 2 qian), Chishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra).
Huixiang San (Fennel Powder): Treats Kidney Thirst with urine resembling oil.
Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus), Kulian (Meliae Cortex, stir-fried), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus).
Powder above ingredients, take 2 qian with wine.
Zhenzhu Wan (Pearl Pill): Treats Baiyin (white discharge) and seminal emission, endless thoughts, and unfulfilled desires.
Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, reduces Fire), Zhen Gafen (Concha Meretricis, salty enters Kidney to tonify).
Equal parts, make water pills, take with wine on an empty stomach.
Ganjin Ganlu Yin (Sweet Dew Drink for Moistening Fluids)
Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gancao (Licorice Root, nourishes Water), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, drains heat and replenishes fluids), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Quanxie (Scorpio), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Baikui (unknown, possibly Paeoniae Radix Alba or similar), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Lanxiang (unknown, harmonizes blood and moistens dryness), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, moves meridians), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba, used as counter-agent), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix).
Powder above ingredients, lick or dissolve in mouth.
Zhang Fa Shenxiong Wan (Master Zhang's Divine Xiong Pill)
Huanglian (enters Heart), Qianniu (Pharbitidis Semen, expels Fire), Huoshi (Realgar, enters Kidney), Dahuang (expels Fire), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, enters Lung), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, dissipates heat).
Sanhuang Wan (Three Yellows Pill)
Dahuang (2 liang in Spring/Autumn, 1 liang in Summer, 5 liang in Winter), Huangqin (6 liang in Summer/Autumn, 4 liang in Spring, 3 liang in Winter), Huanglian (4 liang in Spring, 1 liang in Summer, 3 liang in Autumn/Winter).
Shenbai San (Divine White Powder): Treats True Yin deficiency and damage.
Zhu [Wan] (Pig [Organ] Pill): Treats Zhong-Xiao (Middle Thirst).
Zhu [Organ] (one), Lian [Huanglian] (5 liang), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed, 4 liang), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 4 liang), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix, 4 liang).
Put these four ingredients inside the pig organ, sew shut, steam until soft, pound while hot in a mortar, add honey, make pills the size of paulownia seeds, take 40-50 pills per dose.
Ge Fen Wan (Kudzu Starch Pill): Treats Kidney Thirst.
Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus, each 3 liang), Qiandan (Minium, 2 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed and peeled, 1 liang).
Make honey pills the size of paulownia seeds, take 10 pills per dose. Remove Fuzi in Spring and Summer.
Hufen San (Lead Powder Powder): Treats severe thirst, does not treat Kidney Thirst.
Qiandan (Minium, 5 qian), Hufen (Cerussa), Chi/Bai Shizhi (Kaolinite, each 5 qian), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 5 qian), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 5 qian), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix, 3.5 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, 3 liang).
Make into pills or powder as desired; reduce dosage if abdominal pain occurs.
Renshen Baizhu Tang (Ginseng and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chuangui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Xiezhi (likely Zexie, Alismatis Rhizoma, each 5 qian), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), Fuling (Poria, each 1 liang), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1 liang), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, each 1 liang), Hanshui Shi (Calcitum, 1 liang), Huoshi (Realgar), Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas, 8 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, 3 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 4 liang).
Decoct with ginger, add a little honey.
Jiu Zhu Huanglian Wan (Wine-Boiled Coptis Pill): Treats thirst due to summerheat and fire.