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Taiyang disease, presenting with fever and aversion to cold, where the heat sensation predominates over the cold, and the pulse is faint (Wei Mai), indicates a deficiency of Yang. Sweating should not be employed; therefore, this formula is established. Note: The present text does not record the "Yuebi syndrome" nor the "Yuebi Decoction"; later scholars supplemented these from the *Jin Gui Yao Lue*. I contend that if Zhongjing states sweating is contraindicated, Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang) must not be used; if he states "no Yang," it refers to the deficiency of Yang in the epigastrium, and Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) should not be used. Ancient formulas often share names but differ in ingredients; how can one follow the name without examining the reality? For such pulse and symptom patterns, Chaihu Guizhi Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is most appropriate.

Note: Yu Jiayan stated: "Yuebi utilizes the acrid-cool nature of Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) to simultaneously resolve the cold." However, are acrid-cool substances agents for treating cold? Examining Yuebi Decoction, compared to Da Qing Long Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction), it lacks Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) and Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren). Like Mahuang Xinggan Shigao Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Licorice, and Gypsum Decoction), it is a cooling agent to resolve both exterior and interior. Here, the bitter nature of Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) is omitted, while the acrid-sweet nature of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) and Jujubae Fructus (Dazao) is used. This can treat Taiyang-Yangming combined disease with predominant heat, slight cold, and absence of sweat, similar to the back-chill seen in Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) syndrome, but it cannot treat syndromes of faint pulse and Yang deficiency.

Note: *Wai Tai Mi Yao* states: "Changing one character in Yuebi Tang [from Pi to Pi] aligns with the *Neijing* principle that 'if the Spleen is not moist, it cannot transport fluids for the Stomach.' If there is no sweat due to Splei Meridian insufficiency, this formula can raise Taiyin fluids to nourish Yangming fluids and induce sweating. As Cheng Wuji said, 'it promotes the dispersal of Spleen Qi.' However, it must be accompanied by irritability and thirst, and the pulse, though not large or long, should be floating and moderate, not faint.

Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Aconite):
In Taiyang disease, after inducing sweating, leakage of sweat persists, the patient feels aversion to wind, urination is difficult, and the four limbs are slightly stiff and difficult to flex or extend. This results from improper sweating therapy. Although Taiyang disease requires sweating, it should result only in a slight, continuous perspiration. Excessive sweating causes Yang to dissipate without resting, leading to persistent sweat leakage. Profuse sweating leads to Yang loss; the pores (Xuanku) become unsealed, allowing Wind to enter via deficiency, causing renewed aversion to wind. Fluids leak outward and cannot moisten downward, causing difficulty in urination. The four limbs are the root of all Yang; Yang nourishes the sinews softly. When opening and closing fail, Cold invades, causing tendon stiffness and limited movement. This is a deficiency of Heart Yang (Li Zhong Yang), which fails to consolidate fluids. One should use Guizhi Tang to tonify Heart Yang; when Yang is dense, leakage stops, and aversion to wind resolves. Kidney Yang (Kan Zhong Yang) is deficient and fails to control water; Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) must be added to secure Kidney Yang. When Yang returns, urination normalizes, and limbs soften. Persistent leakage differs from profuse sweating. After taking Guizhi Tang, if profuse sweating occurs with great irritability and thirst, Yang has sunk into the interior; immediate Yin nourishment is needed, hence Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger plus Ginseng Decoction). If Ma Huang Tang causes leakage, Yang has escaped to the exterior; immediate Yang support is needed, hence Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang. Know that in sweating agents, excessive Guizhi sinks Yang into the interior, while excessive Mahuang causes Yang loss to the exterior. Since Guizhi Tang contains Shaoyao but lacks Mahuang, even with profuse sweating, pores can close spontaneously; it may cause Yang excess but never Yang loss. This differs from cases where sweating fails to resolve the condition. Here, sweating leads to persistence because Yang within Wei Qi is deficient and cannot retain sweat. Thus, the original aversion to wind remains, and complications like limb stiffness and urinary difficulty arise. Hence, Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang is used again to secure the Taiyang exterior-protecting Qi. In cases where sweating fails to resolve the condition, it is a deficiency of Yang within Yin; sweat is incomplete, so fever persists, accompanied by dizziness, tremors (exterior signs), and palpitations (interior signs); thus, Zhenwu Tang is borrowed to secure the true Yin root of Kan. This differs from the "Cold Damage, spontaneous sweating" clause. There, foot cramping occurred before sweating, indicating Yin deficiency; here, limb stiffness occurs after sweating, indicating Yang deficiency. Spontaneous sweating due to heart vexation is slight; leakage due to Yang loss is persistent. Frequent urination is not difficult; mild chills are less severe than aversion to wind; foot cramping is milder than limb immobility. That case uses Shaoyao Gancao Tang; this case uses Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang; the potency of prescriptions differs greatly.

Shaoyao Gancao Fuzi Tang (Peony, Licorice, and Aconite Decoction):
After sweating, the disease does not resolve, and aversion to cold worsens; this indicates interior deficiency. Sweating aims to expel Cold pathogens, so usually, only Heat remains after Cold leaves. Now, aversion to cold is worse than before sweating; although the exterior is unresolved, saving the interior is urgent. Taiyang disease often stems from Shaoyin deficiency, failing to store Essence to guard Yang. If sweating is used to support Yang, but Cold does not resolve, it indicates Taiyang Yang deficiency failing to protect the exterior, allowing Yin pathogens to linger. Signs of Yang loss are evident here. Using Ginger and Cinnamon to attack the interior would not support Yang but cause further Yang loss. Therefore, in Guizhi Tang, remove Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), and Jujubae Fructus (Dazao); take Shaoyao to collect Shaoyin Essence; Gancao to moderate Yin pathogen rebellion; add Fuzi to secure Kan Fire. If Kidney Yuan Yang is positioned correctly, exterior pathogens resolve spontaneously. Note: No specific formula was created for Shaoyin Yang loss in the original text; this formula fits perfectly. Shaoyao stops sweating and collects residual fluids on the skin surface; Gancao harmonizes the middle, relieves sore throat, and stops vomiting/diarrhea; Fuzi secures Shaoyin and召回 scattered Yang, warms meridians, and relaxes tight pulses. This reveals Zhongjing's implicit intent! Shaoyao Gancao Tang treats foot cramping due to Yin deficiency. This case involves both Yin and Yang deficiency, hence adding Fuzi; both treat the interior, not the exterior.

Guizhi Gancao Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Licorice Decoction):
This is a potent formula for tonifying the Heart. Excessive sweating depletes Heart fluids and Qi, causing palpitations in the epigastrium. Crossing hands over the heart provides external protection; pressing provides internal support. Such a debilitated state is visibly deficient. Guizhi is a Ying-nutrient herb; with Mahuang and Shengjiang, it releases Ying Qi outward as sweat (Acrid); with Shaoyao, it constrains Ying Qi to stop sweat (Sour); with Gancao, it tonifies Ying Qi internally and nourishes Blood (Sweet). This formula uses Guizhi as Sovereign and Gancao as Assistant to tonify Heart Yang, preventing Yang loss despite heavy sweating. Shengjiang's dispersal and Dazao's cloying nature are unsuitable; Shaoyao is omitted to avoid bitter drainage. Sweet and warm together harmonize Qi, calming palpitations, distinct from palpitations with vexation or fluid retention in the epigastrium.

Fuling Guizhi Gancao Dazao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Licorice, and Jujube Decoction):
After sweating, if palpitations in the epigastrium desire pressure, it indicates Heart Qi deficiency and insecurity; use Guizhi Gancao Tang to tonify the Heart. If palpitations below the navel suggest impending Ben Tun (Running Piglet), it is Kidney Water attacking the Heart; this formula drains Kidney evil. Ben Tun resembles water surging upward. When palpitations occur below the navel, Water Qi is still in the Lower Jiao, a sign of impending Ben Tun; treat urgently beforehand. Use Fuling (Poria) as Sovereign for its bland leaching to drain Kidney evil; assist with Guizhi's sweet-warm to protect Heart Qi; Gancao and Dazao strengthen Earth to control Water. When亢 (excess) causes harm, control follows. Lan Shui resembles Ben Tun but is weak; also called Lao Shui, it is boiled first with Fuling to break Water stagnation. Then sweet herbs are added to suppress it, forcing it downward.

Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Shengjiang Xinjia Renshen Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Peony, Ginger, plus New Ginseng):
After sweating, body pain appears, indicating exterior deficiency; avoid further acrid dispersal, so remove Shengjiang. Pulse deep indicates interior; slow indicates Cold organs; avoid Yin Cold, so remove Shaoyao. With Gancao and Dazao assisting Guizhi, Guizhi enters the Heart to nourish Blood rather than release the muscle layer and induce sweat. Without strong Qi-tonics to secure the Middle, Qi cannot recover quickly; thus, add Renshen to unblock vessels, harmonize Ying Qi, and cure body pain. Named "New Addition" because previously, exterior-unresolved cases had no Middle-tonifying methods; now, due to deep/slow pulse, it is added. This matches using Sini Tang for body pain with deep pulse. There, pre-sweating deep pulse indicates interior/exterior Cold; use Ganjiang and Sheng Fuzi with Gancao to drive out interior Cold, resolving exterior Cold. Here, post-sweating deep/slow pulse indicates interior/exterior Deficiency; use Renshen to aid Guizhi and Gancao to unblock vessels, harmonizing Middle to release Exterior. This differs from Guizhi Renshen Tang. That case results from mistaken purgation causing Stomach deficiency-cold; use Ganjiang and Baizhu. Exterior still has協热 (collaborating heat); double Guizhi and Gancao. This case results from improper sweating causing fluid loss and empty meridians; add Renshen. Stomach Qi is intact, so Baizhu is unnecessary; Stomach is not cold, so Ganjiang is omitted. This is a mild, harmonious formula. (Shop editions erroneously list adding Shaoyao and Shengjiang).

Guizhi Qu Guijia Fuling Baizhu Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Cinnamon Twig, plus Poria and Atractylodes Macrocephala):
After taking Guizhi Tang, if Guizhi symptoms persist, continue as before. If mistakenly purged, and headache, neck stiffness, and fever remain, but with no sweat, and complications include fullness/pain in the epigastrium and difficult urination, the method is to promote urination. After sweating/purging, if exterior/interior signs coexist and pathology moves inward, save the interior. Epigastric fullness without hardness and mild pain indicate incomplete sweating and Water Qi in the epigastrium. Check urination. If urine flows freely, disease is still exterior; sweat again. If urine is difficult, the root is in the epigastrium, but the mechanism lies in the Bladder. Bladder water stagnation prevents Middle Jiao Qi movement, stopping Ying/Wei sweat; this is Taiyang Fu disease, not unresolved Guizhi syndrome. Disease is not in the channels; do not sweat. Disease entered the Fu; promote water. Remove Guizhi from Guizhi Tang, add Fuling and Baizhu; Shengjiang and Shaoyao become assistants for draining water/dispersing evil; Gancao and Dazao strengthen Earth to control Water. It is no longer an acrid-sweet dispersant. Water knotting in the Middle Jiao can be drained but not dispersed. Once Bladder water clears, Taiyang exterior/interior evils vanish. Thus, it differs from Xiao Qing Long Tang and Wuling San. *Jing* says: "Blood and Sweat are different names, same category." Also: "Bladder fluids exit only after Qi transformation." Sweat derives from Blood; urine from Qi transformation. Guizhi is a Blood herb; it induces sweat but does not promote urination. Wuling San directs drinking warm water to sweat; this directs clearing urine. Comparing them clarifies why Guizhi is removed. Modern practitioners blindly use Wuling San for water retention; is this not contrary to principle?

Guizhi Renshen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ginseng Decoction):
Ge Gen Huanglian Huangqin Tang (Kudzu, Coptis, Scutellaria, and Licorice Decoction):
Ge Gen Coptidis Scutellariae Glycyrrhizae Decoction
In Taiyang disease, if exterior signs are unresolved and purgation is wrongly applied,協热利 (collaborating heat diarrhea) occurs, with epigastric痞硬 (fullness/hardness) and faint pulse; use Guizhi Renshen Tang. Originally a Guizhi syndrome, mistaken purgation leads to persistent diarrhea, rapid pulse, panting, and sweating; use Ge Gen Huanglian Huangqin Tang. Both result from purgation leaving exterior heat unresolved and diarrhea persistent. One has faint pulse and epigastric fullness/hardness (pulse insufficient, symptoms excessive); the other has rapid pulse, panting, and sweating (pulse excessive, symptoms insufficient). Exterior/Interior, Deficiency/Excess must be distinguished by pulse. Faint pulse after multiple purgations indicates fullness/hardness is Deficiency; only Acrid-Hot can transform fullness/hardness, only Sweet-Warm can stop diarrhea and release exterior. Use Guizhi and Gancao as Sovereign, assisted by Ganjiang, Renshen, Baizhu. Decoct first four, then add Guizhi late, making interior-harmonizing power strong and muscle-releasing energy sharp—a flexible approach in dual-resolution. Guizhi syndrome pulse is normally slow; after mistaken purgation, it becomes rapid, indicating heavy Yang. Pathogen binds exterior, Yang disturbs interior, causing panting/sweating. Persistent diarrhea here is acute watery diarrhea, belonging to Heat, differing from faint-pulse協热利. Although exterior heat remains, major heat has entered interior; Guizhi/Shaoyao cannot harmonize, Houpu/Xingren cannot resolve. Use Ge Gen (light qi, heavy substance) as Sovereign to release muscle and stop diarrhea; assist with bitter-cold Qinhua/Lianhua to stop sweat and relieve panting; use Gancao to harmonize middle. Decoct Ge Gen first, then add others, optimizing muscle-release and interior-clearing, distinct from tonifying-middle/driving-out methods. Upper clause: Yang deficiency, exterior heat, interior cold. Lower clause: Yang excess, interior/exterior heat. Same協热利, same exterior/interior unresolved, but cold/heat, deficiency/excess, tonification/draining differ. Former uses Lizhong plus Guizhi, naming Guizhi first; latter uses Xiexin plus Ge Gen, naming Ge Gen first. Not named Lizhong/Xiexin because exterior is unresolved, retaining the name "muscle-releasing." Zhongjing's dual-resolution formulas: tonifying middle releases exterior; cooling middle disperses exterior; tonifying middle resolves fullness; cooling middle stops diarrhea. A slight error leads to great deviation.

Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Peony)
Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Peony plus Aconite):
After Taiyang disease purgation, if pulse is rapid and chest is full, Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang governs. If slight aversion to cold appears, add Fuzi to the minus-Peony formula. Rapid pulse is Yang pulse; chest fullness is Yang symptom. However, Yang excess causes rapid pulse/fullness; Yang deficiency also causes rapid pulse/fullness. Here, post-purgation rapid pulse without sweat, chest fullness without panting, indicates not Yang excess, but Cold pathogen knotting internally, presaging Jie Xiong (Tying Knot Chest). Guizhi Tang contains Yin within Yang; removing Sour-Cold Shaoyao allows Yin Qi to flow, preventing knotting, becoming a Yang-supporting formula. If slight aversion to cold appears, Yin Qi condenses; Ginger/Cinnamon may be too weak; add Acrid-Hot Fuzi to make a Pure Yang formula. Zhongjing's reduction/addition in Guizhi Tang creates warming formulas of varying depth.

Guizhi Jia Houpo Xingren Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Magnolia Flower and Apricot Kernel):
Treats Taiyang post-purgation slight panting with unresolved exterior. Panting is a Mahuang syndrome; treatment relies on Xingren; Guizhi does not treat panting. After mistaken purgation, exterior unresolved but pores loose; Mahuang is inappropriate, Guizhi is suitable. Guizhi is suitable because it contains Shaoyao. With Shaoyao's constraint, adding only Xingren might not suffice for even slight panting; add Acrid-Warm Houpo to assist Guizhi in releasing muscle and Xingren in descending Qi. Thus, for panting patients, avoid Mahuang Tang; use Guizhi Tang with Houpo and Xingren as best practice.

Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Peony)
Guizhi Jia Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Rhubarb):
After mistaken purgation, if exterior is unresolved and abdomen is full with intermittent pain, it is Taiyang-Taiyin combined disease. If severe solid pain, it is Taiyang-Yangming combined disease. These result from mistaken purgation transferring conditions, not primary Taiyin/Yangming diseases. Spleen/Stomach share the Middle Palace but have different functions. Taiyin governs output; Taiyin disease hinders waste expulsion, causing intermittent abdominal pain. Yangming governs intake; Yangming disease causes dry/firm waste accumulation, causing severe solid pain. Still using Guizhi Tang indicates Guizhi syndrome persists; this is not seeking the root nor raising Yang evil. Zhongjing's treatment focuses on current presentation, not past history. E.g., in Two Yang combined disease, if Taiyang signs cease, only tidal fever, sweating, difficult stool, and delirium remain, use Dachengqi Tang immediately. Here, exterior signs persist, but Yang evil has sunk into Taiyin; double Shaoyao to nourish Spleen Yin and relieve fullness/pain (using Yin to harmonize Yang). If exterior pathogen persists and Yang evil sinks into Yangming, add Dahuang to moisten Stomach dryness and relieve severe pain (dual resolution of exterior/interior). Mistaken purgation always damages Stomach Qi. Stomach Yang deficiency allows Yang evil to invade Yin, transferring to Taiyin; Stomach fluid depletion causes two Yangs to clash, transferring to Yangming. Taiyin transfer: abdominal fullness/intermittent pain without solidity (Yin channel deficiency). Yangming transfer: abdominal severe solid pain (Yang channel excess). Fullness/intermittent pain signals diarrhea; severe solid pain signals dry feces. Guizhi Jia Shaoyao tests Jianzhong principles; Guizhi Jia Dahuang hints at Tiaowei principles.

Fuling Guizhi Baizhu Gancao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Licorice Decoction):
Treats Cold Damage post-vomit/purge: epigastric reverse-fullness, Qi rushing to chest, dizziness upon rising, deep-tight pulse, subsequent sweating damaging meridians, and body tremors. This is Taiyang transferring to Jueyin. Post-vomit/purge, no diarrhea/Stomach excess signs, so not Taiyin/Yangming transfer. Epigastric reverse-fullness without hard痞 indicates disease has passed Taiyang. This is not exterior Cold knotting inward, but Liver evil rising from below, rushing to Heart. Lower excess, upper deficiency causes dizziness upon rising; deep pulse post-vomit/purge indicates interior location. Subsequent sweating attacks exterior, emptying meridians, causing body tremors. All tight pulses indicate Cold, but require deep differentiation. Floating/tight both: early Cold Damage pulse. Floating-tight, sinking-not tight: Wind Strike pulse. Post-purgation Jie Xiong heat-excess with deep-tight pulse is not interior Cold; post-vomit/purge heat rushing up is definitely not interior Cold. Tight is rotating String-like; floating-tight is String-like (Wind exterior); deep-tight String-like is Wood evil interior emergence. Jueyin disease features Qi rushing to Heart. Here, post-vomit/purge Stomach emptiness allows Wood evil to cause trouble; this is Taiyang transfer, not Jueyin primary disease. Use Fuling as Sovereign to clear Lung Qi in chest, regulating governance and descending reverse Qi; use Guizhi to tonify Heart Blood, restoring Ying Qi and harmonizing meridians; Baizhu supports damaged Yuan Qi and restores Stomach Qi; Gancao harmonizes Qi/Blood and Ying/Wei, stopping dizziness and tremors. Crude physicians often mistake this for Zhenwu Tang syndrome.

Guizhi Jia Gui Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus More Cinnamon):
Needle-caused sweating, needle site exposed to Cold, forming red nodules, inevitably triggers Ben Tun, with Qi rushing from lower abdomen to Heart. Moxa each nodule once, then give this decoction. Cold binds exterior, Fire evil does not disperse, forming red nodules—sign of impending Ben Tun. Qi rushing from lower abdomen to Heart—Ben Tun has manifested. This results from failed sweating, Yang Qi not smoothing, Yin Qi reversing upward. Moxa nodules to disperse Cold; use Guizhi to release exterior. Adding more Gui tonifies Heart Qi and benefits Fire Yang, calming Yin. Previous case: post-sweating umbilical palpitation, Water evil attacks Heart via Yang deficiency; Sovereign Fuling clears Water source. This case: exterior Cold unresolved, lower abdomen rushing, Water evil joins Yin Qi to bully Heart; add Rougui to warm Water master. Previous symptom interior, Ben Tun not yet manifested; this symptom exterior, Ben Tun manifested; treatments differ. Guizhi insufficient for Wind; prick Fengchi/Fengfu first, then give Guizhi to dispel Wind. Needle insufficient for Cold; moxa nodules first, then give Guizhi Jia Gui to disperse Cold. Both are internal/external assault methods, treating exterior first.