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If appropriate treatment is administered before the eruption of smallpox, residual symptoms after recovery can be completely eliminated; any remaining issues would merely be deficiency syndromes. Therefore, within the context of regulation and tonification, slight inclusion of heat-clearing and damp-resolving agents is sufficient. If proper treatment is neglected before the eruption, numerous residual symptoms may persist afterward. The following selects key manifestations for description:

1. Infants who lose appetite after smallpox: If they previously had poor appetite which worsens post-eruption, this indicates Spleen-Stomach Qi deficiency; Qizhen San (Seven Treasures Powder) should be used to tonify. Conversely, if they previously ate well but suddenly develop aversion to food or refusal to eat post-eruption, this is Spleen deficiency with food stagnation; Muxiang Da'an Wan (Musk and Peaceful Mind Pill) should be used to regulate.

2. Infants whose lips cannot cover their teeth after smallpox: This results from dual deficiency of Qi and Blood. Urgent and substantial tonification is required; otherwise, it will inevitably progress to Slow Convulsion syndrome.

3. Infants experiencing spontaneous sweating (daytime sweating without exertion) and night sweats (sweating during sleep) after smallpox: This is caused by weak Defensive Qi and Heat in Nutritive Blood. Baoyuan Tang (Protect the Origin Decoction) and Danggui Liuhuang Tang (Angelica Sinensis and Six Yellow Decoction) should be taken alternately, combined with Baipu San (Decayed Cattail Leaf Powder).

4. Infants coughing after smallpox: This indicates incomplete clearance of residual pathogenic factors in the Lungs. Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) combined with Xiebai San (Drain White Powder), added with Aristolochiae Fructus (Madouling), should be used to clear the Lungs. For those with Nasal Polyps (Bi Yuan), burnt Silk Gourd Vine powder should be insufflated into the nose, while internal administration of Luffae Fructus, Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus, Arctii Fructus, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is recommended.

5. Infants vomiting after smallpox: This condition is mostly caused by residual Heat in the Stomach. If milk is vomited immediately upon ingestion, accompanied by a cyan-white complexion, cold extremities, and normal bowel/bladder movements, this is Cold Vomiting; Yihuang San (Yellow Protecting Powder) is indicated. If there is mental restlessness, thirst, urgent nursing, accumulation of milk in the chest followed by projectile vomiting, a reddish complexion, hot palms/soles, and preference for cool environments, this is Heat Vomiting; Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Zingiberis Rhizoma, and Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam are suitable. For vomiting due to food stagnation, where the smell of food induces nausea, Muxiang Da'an Wan is appropriate.

6. Infants with abdominal pain after smallpox: If caused by constipation and dry feces, purgation is indicated. If caused by poor intake and loose stools, with sudden pain relieved by massage, this is a Deficiency pattern requiring tonification. For pain due to food stagnation, Muxiang Da'an Wan is used.

7. Infants with diarrhea after smallpox: If the infant eats well, feels thirsty, and has a surging pulse, Heat has entered the Large Intestine; Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) with Coptidis Rhizoma is indicated. If the infant eats little, feels no thirst, and has a minute pulse, this indicates Interior Qi deficiency failing to secure fluids and food; Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) added with Terminalia Chebulae Fructus and Myristicae Semen is appropriate.

8. Infants expelling roundworms after smallpox: This is due to Heat-Toxin accumulating in the intestines causing discomfort to the worms. Huangqin Tang added with Pinelliae Rhizoma, Pruni Semen Armeniacum Amarum, and Zanthoxyli Pericarpium is indicated.

9. Infants with spasms and limited mobility of hands and feet after smallpox (distinct from acute convulsions due to external contraction): This results from Qi and Blood failing to nourish sinews and bones. Shiquan Dabu Tang (Complete Great Tonifying Decoction), with Rehmanniae Radix and Poria removed, and Dipsaci Radix or Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata added, is suitable.

10. Infants with bleeding after smallpox: This is caused by residual toxins and pathogenic Heat forcing blood to move recklessly. Cooling blood and resolving toxicity is indicated.

Additionally, three conditions—post-smallpox fever, breast swelling, and carbuncles—though seemingly mild, are difficult to treat. Neglecting them often leads to critical conditions. Fever arises from lingering residual Heat. Residual Heat after illness is hardest to resolve, especially after measles/smallpox; treatment must distinguish between Excess and Deficiency. If there is difficulty defecating, dark urine, good appetite with irritability and thirst, this is Excess Heat; use Sishun San (Four Smooth Powder) first to clear Interior Heat, followed by Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifugae and Puerariae Decoction) with Lycii Cortex to clear Exterior Heat. If bowels are not blocked, urine is not dark, and the infant sits/restlessly shakes with poor appetite, this is Deficiency Heat; Baoyuan Tang added with Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Ophiopogonis Radix is used, potentially adding Zingiberis Rhizoma and Aconiti Radix Preparata for severe cases. Edema usually stems from Deficiency causing stagnant Spleen Qi; skin resembles a drum with pitting that recovers slowly. Regulation of Qi is primary; Ren Shen Wupi San (Ginseng Five Peel Powder) is indicated. For edema due to Dampness, swelling starts at the feet, skin is shiny with pitting, thirst is present with dark/scanty urine; strengthening Spleen and promoting urination is primary, using Atractylodis Rhizoma, Akebiae Caulis, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Plantaginis Seed, Talcum, Dianthus Petals, Alismatis Rhizoma, Polyporus, Poria Peel, and Arecae Pericarpium until urination normalizes and swelling subsides. For edema due to Wind-Cold invasion, swelling starts on the head/face with fever/thirst; Shengma, Bupleuri Radix, Poria, Akebiae Caulis, Plantaginis Seed, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Arecae Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Ginger, and Scallion Juice decocted to induce slight sweating is used. For edema due to Blood stasis, visible subcutaneous vascular congestion requires activating Blood; Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) added with Ginseng, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Cyperi Rhizoma, Akebiae Caulis, and Poria is used. In summary, for initial edema, release the exterior if possible; subsequently, Wupi Tang (Five Peel Decoction) is the main formula. For distension like a drum with slight tension upon pressure, indicating Spleen Deficiency, strengthening Earth and promoting transformation is primary. Carbuncles result from smallpox residual toxins lodging in collaterals, failing to resolve externally through skin or internally through organs, leading to wandering flow and abscess formation where lodged. They often appear in areas of thin muscle or mobile joints. Mild toxin causes nodules/furuncles; severe toxin causes widespread swelling/pain in head, neck, chest, limbs, with deep roots and spreading nature. Mild cases cause tendon/bone destruction and disability; severe cases cause death. Treatment uses Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng and Detoxification Powder) and Wufu Huadu Dan (Five Blessings Toxin-Resolving Pill). Generally, non-ulcerated swelling with dual Qi/Blood deficiency requires supporting expulsion; formed pus requires clearing/resolving; post-ulceration requires clearing and tonifying simultaneously. Non-healing ulcers require strengthening Earth and supporting Qi for convergence. For detailed methods, consult surgical texts.

Attached Formulas:
(1) Qizhen San: Opens stomach, nourishes Qi, warms Spleen, promotes eating.
Ren Shen, Bai Zhu, Huang Qi (honey-fried), Shan Yao, Fu Ling, Su Mi, Gan Cao (equal parts).
Grind to fine powder, add Ginger and Jujube, decoct in water and take.

(2) Muxiang Da'an Wan: Treats Spleen deficiency with food stagnation, vomiting, diarrhea.
Mu Xiang (2 qian), Huang Lian, Chen Pi, Bai Zhu (3 qian each), Zhi Shi, Shan Zha Rou, Lian Qiao, Shen Qu, Mai Ya (stir-fried), Sha Ren, Lai Fu Zi (1.5 qian each).

(3) Danggui Liuhuang Tang: Treats Blood deficiency with night sweats and afternoon tidal fever.
Dang Gui, Sheng Di, Shu Di, Huang Bo, Huang Qin, Huang Lian (1 qian each), Huang Qi (stir-fried, 2 qian).

(4) Baipu San: Treats excessive sweating during sleep.
Old Cattail Fan (burnt to retain character).
Grind to fine powder, take with Sour Plum Decoction.

(5) Yihuang San: Treats pediatric Spleen-Stomach deficiency-cold, indigestion, abdominal pain, diarrhea.
Chen Pi, Qing Pi, He Zi, Gan Cao, Ding Xiang.

(6) Shiquan Dabu Tang: Treats dual Qi and Blood deficiency. See Section 4 of this chapter.

(7) Ren Shen Wupi San: Treats post-smallpox edema due to stagnant Spleen Qi.
Ren Shen, Da Fu Pi, Chen Pi, Sang Bai Pi, Jiang Pi, Bai Zhu, Fu Ling Pi, Guan Gui, Mai Dong, Mu Xiang, Ze Xie, Che Qian Zi, Mu Tong.