论
《内经》曰∶诸呕吐酸，暴注下迫，皆属于热。又曰∶湿胜则濡泄。夫小儿之吐泻，皆由乳食过度，传化失常。盖
食郁则成热，热郁则有酸，酸而成吐成泻，此必然之理也。又曰∶食滞于胃口者为吐，食滞于大小肠者为泻。有生下而
遂吐不休者，胞胎中移恶流于肠胃而为吐也。丹溪曰∶钱氏五补五泻之法，俱可选用。谨遵而根据法具录如下∶
脉法
（并见前总章。）
方法
钱氏曰∶小儿初生下吐，盖拭掠儿口中移恶不尽，咽入喉中故吐，木瓜丸主之（凡生子于未发声之先，急宜取口中
恶血，以绵拭令净尽，以黄连、甘草二味，等分煎汁，灌一、二匙，则无以上等病，出痘疹亦稀少。若啼声一发，则咽
下矣，亦当用黄连、甘草汁饮之，不可忽也）。
木瓜丸
木瓜末 木香末 麝香（末） 腻粉（即轻粉） 槟榔末（各一字）
上再研匀，面糊为丸，如黍米大，每服三、二丸，甘草汤送下。
初生三日内，吐泻壮热，不思乳食，大便乳食不消，或白色，知
是伤食，当下之而后和胃，下用白饼子，和胃用益黄散。（上二方俱见前。）
初生三日以上至十日，吐泻身不热，或乍热乍凉，不思乳食，大便青白色，乳食不消，此上实下虚也。更有五脏兼
见证宜详∶肺病则睡闷露睛喘气，心则惊悸饮水，脾则困倦饶睡，肝则呵欠烦闷，肾则不语畏明。当先见貌兼脏，补脾
益黄散主之。盖此二证，多病于夏秋也。（当先见貌兼脏，其义未详，恐有脱简，以俟知者正之。）
五月二十五日以后（夏至后十日也），吐泻身壮热，此热乃脏腑中，
十分中九分热也。或因伤热乳食，吐乳不消，泻深黄色，玉露散主之。
玉露散（一名甘露散）
石膏 寒水石（各五钱） 生甘草（二钱五分）
上为细末，每服一字或半钱，温水调下。
六月十五日以后（大暑节后），吐泻，身温似热，脏腑六分热四分
冷也，呕吐乳食不消，泻黄白色，似渴，或食乳或不食，食前少服益黄散，食后多服玉露散。
按∶丹溪用去桂五苓散，倍白术，加苍术，甚者二术炒用，或入益元散和匀，米汤调下，甚效。
七月七日以后（立秋后七日也），吐泻身温凉，三分热也，七分冷，
不能食乳，多似睡闷乱，哽气长出气，睡露睛，唇白多哕，欲大便不渴，食前多服益黄散，食后少服玉露散。
八月十五日以后（秋分后也），吐泻身冷，无阳也，不能食乳，干
哕，泻青褐水，当补脾，益黄散主之，不可下也。
吐泻泄黄，伤热乳也，吐泻泄青，伤冷乳也，皆当下，白饼子主
也。伤热乳者甘露散，伤冷乳者益黄散、温中丸，并于下后服之。亦有不须下，但服此药愈者。
温中丸
人参 甘草（炙） 白术（各一两）
上为细末，姜汁面糊为丸，如绿豆大，每服一、二十丸，粳米饮下。
虚弱，脾胃不和，不能食乳，致肌肉消瘦，亦有因大病后或吐泻
后，脾胃尚弱，不能传化谷气也。有冷者，时时下利，唇口青白。有
热者，身温壮热，肌肉微黄。此冷热虚羸也。冷者木香丸（夏月不可
服，如有证，亦须少服之），热者胡黄连丸（冬月不宜服，有证，须少服）。木香丸、胡黄连丸二方并见前。
吐泻调脾，平胃散入熟蜜，和苏合香丸，名万安膏，米饮调服。
一方 治吐泻黄胆。
三棱 莪术 青皮 陈皮 神曲（炒） 麦 面（炒） 黄连 甘草（炙） 白术 茯苓（各等分）
上为细末，温水调服。伤乳食吐泻，加山楂。时气吐泻，加滑石。发热，加薄荷。
夏月吐泻，用益元散极效，当表而出之。
附证
愚按∶小方脉科，惟急慢惊风与夫痘疹等证最为酷疾，以其吉凶反掌、生死须臾故也。次则五疳吐泻，为证不一，
亦不可以易而治也。以上四证，各立篇目，辨论详明外，其余一切小疾，繁琐多端，一一不能详尽，故各附于吐泻之后，
以备检阅参用云尔。
一腹胀，二腹痛，三夜啼，四痰热，五解颅，六吃泥，七脱囊，八脱肛，九赤瘤，十脐汁出，十一头疮，十二尾骨
痛，十三弄舌，十四龟胸龟背，十五重舌木舌，十六鹅口口疮，十七走马牙疳，十八脐风撮口。
腹胀论∶
夫腹胀，由脾胃虚气攻作也。亦有实者，必闷乱喘满，可下之，宜用紫霜丸、白饼子。不喘满者，虚也，不可下。
若误下，致脾虚气上附肺而行，肺与脾子母皆虚。肺主目胞腮之类，脾主四肢。母气虚甚，则目胞腮肿也。色黄者，属
脾也。治用 气丸渐消之，未愈，渐加丸数。不可以丁香、木香、桂皮、豆蔻、大温散药治之。盖脾虚气未出，腹胀而
不喘者，可以温散药治，使上下分消其气，则愈也。若虚气已出，附肺而行，则脾胃内弱，每生虚气，入于四肢面目矣。
小儿易为虚实，脾虚不受寒温，服寒则生冷证，服温则生热证，当识此，不可忽也。胃久虚热多生疸病，或引饮不止，
脾虚不能胜湿，随肺之气上行于四肢，若水状，湿气浸浮于肺，则大喘也，此当服 气丸而愈。
气丸 治小儿虚胀。如腹大者，加萝卜子，名褐丸子。
胡椒（一两） 蝎尾（去毒，五钱，一方，二味各四十九个）
上为细末，面糊为丸，如粟米大，每服五、七丸至一二十丸，陈米汤下。一方有木香一钱。
治小儿腹虚胀，先服 气丸。不愈，腹中有食积结粪，小便黄，微喘，脉伏而实，时欲饮水，能食者，可下之，宜
消积丸、紫霜丸。盖脾初虚而后结，有积所治，宜先补脾而后下之，后又补脾则愈也。不可补肺，恐生虚气。
一方 腹胀。
萝卜子 紫苏梗 干葛 陈皮（各等分） 甘草（少许）
上细切，水煎服。食少者，加白术。
腹痛多是饮食所伤。
白术（一钱五分） 陈皮（去白） 青皮（去穣，各七分） 山楂（去核） 神曲（炒） 麦芽（炒） 砂仁（各
一钱） 甘草（炙，五分）
有热加黄芩，有寒加藿香、吴茱萸。
上为细末，每服一钱七分，清米饮或白汤调下。
腹痛，口中气温，面黄色，目无精彩，或白睛多，及多睡畏食，或
大便酸臭者，当磨积，宜消积丸。甚者，用白饼子下之，后和胃，用白术散。
白饼子（方见发搐条下。）
白术散（方见惊风门。）
消积丸
丁香（九粒） 砂仁（十二个） 巴豆（二个，去皮心膜及油）
上为细末，面糊为丸，如黍米大，三岁以上三、五丸，以下一、二丸，温水下。
心腹痛，面 白，口中沃沫及清水出，发痛有时，当作蛔虫治。又曰∶凡积痛、食痛、虫痛、寒痛大同小异，惟虫
痛者，当口淡而沫自出，小儿本怯，故胃寒冷则虫动、而心头痛，与痫略相似，但目不斜而手不搐耳，安虫散主之。
安虫散 《宝鉴》用米糊为丸，名安虫丸。
胡粉（炒黄色） 槟榔 川楝子（去核） 鹤虱（各二两） 白矾（二钱五分，火枯）
上为细末，每服一字，大者五分或一钱，温米饮下，临痛时服。
集效丸 治虫痛。
木香 鹤虱（炒） 槟榔 诃子（煨去核） 芜荑 附子（去皮脐，炮） 干姜（各二两） 大黄（半两） 乌梅
（去核，二钱五分）
上为细末，炼蜜为丸，陈皮汤下，或醋汤下。一方加黄芩、黄连。
一方 治虫。
用鸡子炒白蜡尘，酒糊丸服。一云治寸白虫。
一方 治蛔虫作痛。
用二陈汤加苦楝根，煎服。或只以苦楝根向东南生不出土者，刮去粗皮，取白皮细切，浓煎汁一盏，徐徐饮之，不
可饮多。先以糖蜜或炒肉食之，引虫头向上，然后服之。看儿大小，斟酌与之。
小儿吃粽腹痛，用白芍药加黄连末合研，汤调服之，即愈。
一方 治小儿腹痛。
甘草（炙） 干姜（各二钱） 伏龙胆（一两） 人参 茯苓 百草霜 白术（各五钱）
上为细末，粥丸梧桐子大，每服三、五十丸，陈皮汤下。
小儿夜啼，作心经有热有虚治。
人参 黄连（姜汁炒，各一钱五分） 甘草（五分） 竹叶（二十片）
上为细切，分作二帖，每帖加生姜一片，水煎服。一本无人参。
钱氏曰∶小儿夜啼者，脾脏冷而痛也，当以温中之药，宜益黄散，……花火膏之类。
愚按∶上二说不同，一曰心热，一主脾寒，当审外证而区别之。如面青白，手腹俱冷，不思乳食者，寒也。盖夜属
阴，阴盛则脾脏之寒愈盛，脾为至阴，喜温而恶寒，寒则腹中作痛，曲腰而啼。如面赤，手腹俱暖，口中气热者，热也。
盖火属心，见灯则烦热内生，两阳相搏，故仰身而啼。外有面色白，黑睛少，肾气不足，至夜阴虚而啼也。
花火膏
灯花（三颗）
以乳汁调抹儿口，或抹母乳上，令儿吮之。
治惊啼，邪热乘心也，安神丸主之。（方见前。）
小儿风痰壅盛，用∶
南星（五钱，切片以白矾汤泡晒干） 白附子（二两）
上二件，共为末，面糊为丸，如芡实大，每服一丸，姜、蜜、薄荷汤化下。
小儿痰热骨蒸，用∶
二陈汤（五钱） 加∶升麻（二钱） 葛根 白芍药（各一钱五分） 人参（一钱） 五味子（三十粒）
上细切，分三帖，加姜、枣，水煎服。
又方 治前证，用∶
胡黄连 槟榔（各一钱） 陈皮 雷丸（各一钱五分） 神曲 半夏曲 使君子 白花蓼（各二钱）
上为细末，面糊为丸，如黍米大，每服三、五十丸，白汤下。
小儿解颅（头缝不合也），因母气虚与热多也。钱氏曰∶生下而颅不合，肾气未成也，虽长必少笑。更有目白睛多，
面白色，瘦者，多愁少喜也。丹溪用四君子汤合四物汤，有热加黄连酒炒煎服。更以帛紧束，及以白蔹末敷之。
小儿吃泥，胃气热也，用软石膏、黄芩、陈皮、茯苓、白术煎服。
小儿脱囊（阴囊肿大坠下而不收也，亦有囊皮脱烂者），木通、甘草、黄连、当归、黄芩、煎服。囊烂者，以野紫苏
叶（面青背红者是）为末，香油调敷。皮脱两丸露者，外以青荷叶包之，敷药后自生皮。
脱肛（肛门大肠头脱下也），用东壁土泡汤，先熏后洗。
又方 治前证。
用五倍子为细末敷而频托入之。
又方 治前证。
用鳖头烧存性，香油调敷。（一方以此物烧烟熏之，良久自收。）
小儿赤瘤（俗名赤游风也），此盖热毒瓦斯客于腠理，搏于血气，发于皮外，赤如丹也。用
生地黄 木通 荆芥（一本有芍药、桃仁）
苦寒带表之药，外以芒硝泡汤洗之，又以芭蕉油涂之，钱氏用白五散敷之，皆效。
白玉散
白垩（音恶，白色土也，五钱） 寒水石（一两）
上为细末，米醋或新汲水调。
小儿脐中汁出并痛，用白矾，火 枯，干敷。或用黄柏末敷之。
癞头，用通圣散酒拌，除大黄另用酒炒，共为末，再以酒拌，焙干，每服一钱，水煎服。外以白炭烧红，淬入水中，
乘热洗之。更以胡荽子、伏龙肝、悬龙尾、黄连、白矾为末，油调敷之。
又方 治癞头。
以松树浓皮（烧存性，二两） 黄丹（火飞，一两） 白矾（火枯） 黄连
大黄（各五钱） 白胶香（火飞，倾石上，一两） 轻粉（四录） 共为末，熟香油调敷。
丹溪治一小儿，二岁，满头生疮，一日疮忽自平，遂患痰喘，知
其为胎毒也。询其母，孕时多食辛热物。遂以人参、连翘、黄连、甘草、陈皮、川芎、芍药、木通浓煎，入竹沥与之，
数日而安。
尾骨痛，属阴虚、有痰。
阴虚，用四物汤加炒黄柏、酒知母，少用桂为引，或以前胡、木
香为引。如痛不止，加乳香、没药。痰用二陈汤加知母、黄柏、泽
泻，必用前胡、木香为引，盖阴虚故痰盛也。如痛不止，亦加乳香、
没药。二法必先以玉烛散或通经散痰小胃丹大下后用之，或神 丸、十枣汤皆可，与治带同。
小儿弄舌，因脾脏有微热，令舌络微紧，时时虚舌舐之，勿用冷
药及下之，少与泻黄散徐徐服之。有欲饮水者，非热也，脾胃中津液少也，不可下。若大病后弄舌者，凶。
泻黄散
藿香叶（七分） 栀子（一钱） 石膏（五分） 甘草（七分半） 防风（去芦，四分）
上细切，作一服，用蜜、酒炒香熟，以水一盏，煎至半盏，去渣，时时与之。
龟胸乃肺热胀满，攻于胸膈，即成龟胸，又乳母多食五辛热物，亦成此证，宜泻白散加黄芩。
泻白散
桑白皮（蜜水拌，炒黄色，一钱） 地骨皮（一钱） 甘草（炙，五分） 加黄芩
（一钱）
上作一服，水煎。
龟背、儿生下，客风入脊，逐于骨髓，即成龟背，治之以龟尿点
骨节，即平。取龟尿法∶用莲叶，置龟于上，尿自出。
重舌木舌，乃小儿舌下生舌也。
用三棱针，于舌下紫脉刺之，出恶血即愈。
又方 用竹沥调蒲黄末，敷舌上，神效。
又方 治小儿木舌塞口欲满者。
用紫雪二钱，竹沥半合，细研和匀，频敷口，即愈。
治小儿口疮，用
盐白梅（烧存性） 红枣（连核烧存性） 铅丹（火飞） 人中白（火飞） 龙脑（少许）
共为细末，敷之神效。
治小儿鹅口疮，因白屑满舌及两吻，故名鹅口。
Treatise
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: "All vomiting and acid regurgitation, sudden diarrhea with tenesmus, belong to Heat." It also says: "When Dampness prevails, it leads to loose stools (Ru Xie)." The vomiting and diarrhea in infants are all caused by overfeeding of milk or food, leading to dysfunction in transportation and transformation. Generally, food stagnation and depression generate Heat; Heat depression generates acidity; acidity rising upward causes vomiting, and flowing downward causes diarrhea. This is an inevitable principle. It is further stated: Food stagnating in the stomach region manifests as vomiting; food stagnating in the large and small intestines manifests as diarrhea. Some infants vomit incessantly immediately after birth; this is due to fetal toxins and foul blood transferring from the mother into the infant's gastrointestinal tract. Zhu Danxi said: Qian Yi's methods of Five Tonifications and Five Purges can all be selected for use. I strictly follow and record these methods as follows:
Pulse Diagnosis
(All seen in the General Chapter above.)
Treatment Methods
Qian Yi said: When infants vomit immediately after birth, it is because the residual foul blood in the mouth was not completely wiped away and swallowed into the throat. The primary treatment is Mugua Wan (Papaya Pill). (Whenever a baby is born before crying, one should urgently take the foul blood from the mouth, wipe it clean with silk, and then decoct equal parts of Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Gancao (Licorice Root), administering one or two spoonfuls. This prevents the aforementioned severe diseases, and the occurrence of smallpox/rashes will also be rare. If the baby cries once, the blood is swallowed, so one should still administer Huanglian and Gancao juice. Do not neglect this.)
Mugua Wan (Papaya Pill)
Mugua powder, Muxiang powder, Shexiang (Musk) powder, Nifen (Calomel/Light Powder), Binglang powder (each 1 zi).
Grind these together evenly, bind with flour paste to make pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 2-3 pills per dose, taken down with Gancao (Licorice Root) decoction.
For infants within three days of birth presenting with vomiting, diarrhea, high fever, aversion to feeding, undigested milk/food in stool, or white stool: knowing this is Food Injury, one must first purge (downward draining) and then harmonize the Stomach. For purging, use Baibingzi (White Cake Pill); for harmonizing the Stomach, use Yihuang San (Yellow Harmonizing Powder). (Both formulas are seen above.)
For infants from three days to ten days old presenting with vomiting and diarrhea but no fever, or alternating hot and cold sensations, aversion to feeding, greenish-white undigested stool: this is Excess above and Deficiency below. One must carefully observe symptoms involving the Five Zang organs: Lung disease presents with stifled sleep, half-open eyes, and panting; Heart disease presents with palpitations and thirst; Spleen disease presents with fatigue and excessive sleep; Liver disease presents with yawning and irritability; Kidney disease presents with muteness and fear of light. One should first assess the facial appearance and involved Zang organs, and treat with Yihuang San (Yellow Harmonizing Powder) to tonify the Spleen. These two patterns often occur in summer and autumn. (The meaning of "first assess facial appearance and involved Zang organs" is unclear; there may be missing text, awaiting correction by experts.)
After May 25th (ten days after Summer Solstice), presenting with vomiting, diarrhea, and high body heat: this indicates nine-tenths Heat in the internal organs. It may be due to ingesting overly hot milk/food, resulting in undigested milk vomit and deep yellow diarrhea. Treat with Yulu San (Jade Dew Powder).
Yulu San (Jade Dew Powder) (Also known as Ganlu San / Sweet Dew Powder)
Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Hanshuishi (Aqua Calcitae) (each 5 qian), Sheng Gancao (Raw Licorice Root) (2.5 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Administer 1 zi or half a qian per dose, mixed with warm water.
After June 15th (after Great Heat solar term), presenting with vomiting, diarrhea, and body warmth resembling fever: this indicates six-tenths Heat and four-tenths Cold in the internal organs. Vomited milk/food is undigested; stool is yellowish-white; there is apparent thirst; feeding may be intermittent. Take less Yihuang San (Yellow Harmonizing Powder) before meals, and more Yulu San (Jade Dew Powder) after meals.
Note: Zhu Danxi used Wuling San (Five Ling Powder) without Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), doubled the amount of Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), added Cangzhu (Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome), and for severe cases, stir-fried both Atractylodes roots. Alternatively, mix with Yi Yuan San (Benefit Origin Powder) and administer with rice gruel. This is very effective.
After July 7th (seven days after Start of Autumn), presenting with vomiting, diarrhea, and cool body temperature: this indicates three-tenths Heat and seven-tenths Cold. Inability to feed, often appearing stifled and confused during sleep, sighing deeply, sleeping with half-open eyes, white lips with frequent hiccups, desire to defecate but no thirst. Take more Yihuang San (Yellow Harmonizing Powder) before meals, and less Yulu San (Jade Dew Powder) after meals.
After August 15th (after Autumn Equinox), presenting with vomiting, diarrhea, and cold body: this is Yang Deficiency. Inability to feed, dry heaving, passage of dark green/brown watery stool. One must tonify the Spleen; treat with Yihuang San (Yellow Harmonizing Powder). Do not purge.
Vomiting/diarrhea with yellow stool indicates injury from Hot Milk; vomiting/diarrhea with green stool indicates injury from Cold Milk. Both require purging; treat with Baibingzi (White Cake Pill). For injury from Hot Milk, use Ganlu San (Sweet Dew Powder); for injury from Cold Milk, use Yihuang San (Yellow Harmonizing Powder) and Wenzhong Wan (Warm the Middle Pill), administered after purging. There are also cases that do not require purging and heal solely with these medicines.
Wenzhong Wan (Warm the Middle Pill)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizoma) (each 1 liang).
Grind into fine powder, bind with ginger juice and flour paste to make pills the size of mung beans. Administer 10-20 pills per dose, taken down with Jingmi Yin (Rice Decoction).
For those who are weak, have disharmony between Stomach and Spleen, cannot feed, leading to emaciation; or for those whose Spleen/Stomach remain weak after severe illness or vomiting/diarrhea, unable to transform grain qi: Those with Cold present with frequent loose stools and blue-white lips/mouth. Those with Heat present with warm body or high fever and slightly yellow muscles. This is Cold/Heat-induced wasting. For Cold, use Muxiang Wan (Aucklandia Pill) (Do not use in summer; if necessary, use sparingly). For Heat, use Huhuanglian Wan (Coptis Pill) (Not suitable in winter; if necessary, use sparingly). Both Muxiang Wan and Huhuanglian Wan are seen above.
To regulate the Spleen for vomiting/diarrhea, use Pingwei San (Peace the Stomach Powder) mixed with cooked honey, combined with Suhexiang Wan (Liquid Amber Pill), named Wan'an Gao (Ten Thousand Safety Paste), administered with rice drink.
Another Prescription: Treats vomiting/diarrhea causing Jaundice.
Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma), Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata - stir-fried), Mai Mian (Tritici Farina - stir-fried), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria) (all equal parts).
Grind into fine powder, administer with warm water. For vomiting/diarrhea due to milk/food injury, add Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus). For epidemic vomiting/diarrhea, add Huashi (Talcum). For fever, add Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba).
In summer, Yi Yuan San (Benefit Origin Powder) is extremely effective for vomiting/diarrhea; it is listed here for reference.
Attached Conditions
I observe: In pediatrics, only acute/chronic convulsions and smallpox/rashes are the most cruel diseases, because their prognosis changes instantly and life/death hangs in the balance. Next are the five types of Kan (malnutrition) with vomiting/diarrhea; the presentations vary, and they should not be treated lightly. The above four conditions have dedicated chapters with detailed discussions. The remaining minor ailments are numerous and complex, so they are attached here after vomiting/diarrhea for reference.
1. Abdominal distension, 2. Abdominal pain, 3. Night crying, 4. Phlegm-Heat, 5. Jie Lu (separation of cranial sutures), 6. Eating mud, 7. Scrotal prolapse, 8. Rectal prolapse, 9. Chi Liu (red wandering rash), 10. Umbilical discharge, 11. Head sores, 12. Coccyx pain, 13. Tongue protrusion, 14. Turtle chest/back, 15. Double tongue/wooden tongue, 16. Goose-mouth sores, 17. Gangrenous teeth, 18. Umbilical wind/tetanus.
Treatise on Abdominal Distension:
Abdominal distension is caused by deficiency Qi attacking due to Spleen/Stomach weakness. There are also Excess cases, which must present with stifling, confusion, panting, and fullness; these can be purged using Zishuang Wan (Purple Frost Pill) or Baibingzi (White Cake Pill). If there is no panting/fullness, it is Deficiency, and purging is contraindicated. If mistakenly purged, Spleen Qi becomes deficient and rises to attach to the Lung. Since Lung and Spleen are Mother and Child organs, both become deficient. Lung governs eyelids and cheeks; Spleen governs limbs. Severe Mother Qi (Lung Qi) deficiency leads to swollen eyelids and cheeks. Yellow color belongs to the Spleen. Treatment uses Yi Qi Wan (Sighing Qi Pill) to gradually resolve it; if not cured, gradually increase the dosage. Do not treat with strong warming dispersants like Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Guipi (Cinnamomi Cortex), or Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus). Generally, if Spleen deficiency Qi has not yet emerged, and there is distension without panting, warming dispersants can be used to distribute and eliminate Qi from above and below, leading to recovery. If the deficient Qi has already emerged and attaches to the Lung, the internal Spleen/Stomach are weak, generating deficient Qi that enters the limbs and face. Infants easily develop Excess/Deficiency patterns; Spleen Deficiency cannot tolerate Cold or Warm treatments; Cold drugs generate Cold patterns, Warm drugs generate Heat patterns. One must recognize this and not neglect it. Long-term Stomach deficiency Heat often generates Jaundice or unquenchable thirst. Spleen Deficiency fails to overcome Dampness; Dampness ascends with Lung Qi to the limbs, resembling water; Dampness floats in the Lung causing severe panting. This should be treated with Yi Qi Wan (Sighing Qi Pill) for recovery.
Yi Qi Wan (Sighing Qi Pill): Treats infantile deficiency distension. If the abdomen is large, add Luobozi (Raphani Semen), named He Wan Zi (Brown Pill).
Hujiao (Piperis Longi Fructus) (1 liang), Xiwei (Scorpio) (remove poison, 5 qian; another version: 49 each of both).
Grind into fine powder, bind with flour paste to make pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 5-7 to 10-20 pills per dose, taken down with aged rice soup. Another version adds 1 qian Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix).
To treat infantile abdominal deficiency distension, first administer Yi Qi Wan (Sighing Qi Pill). If not cured, and there is food accumulation/fecal impaction in the abdomen, yellow urine, slight panting, hidden but solid pulse, frequent thirst, and ability to eat, purging is indicated. Use Xiaoji Wan (Eliminate Accumulation Pill) or Zishuang Wan (Purple Frost Pill). Generally, Spleen is initially deficient then becomes obstructed with accumulation. Treatment requires first tonifying the Spleen, then purging, then tonifying the Spleen again for recovery. Do not tonify the Lung, lest it generate deficient Qi.
Another Prescription: Abdominal distension.
Luobozi (Raphani Semen), Zisu Geng (Perillae Caulis), Gange (Puerariae Radix), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (equal parts), Gancao (Licorice Root) (small amount).
Cut finely, decoct in water. For poor appetite, add Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma).
Abdominal pain is mostly caused by dietary injury.
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (1.5 qian), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium - remove white pith), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride - remove pith) (each 0.7 qian), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus - remove seeds), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata - stir-fried), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus - stir-fried), Sharen (Amomi Fructus) (each 1 qian), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root) (0.5 qian).
Add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) for Heat; add Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) and Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) for Cold.
Grind into fine powder. Administer 1.7 qian per dose, mixed with clear rice drink or plain water.
For abdominal pain with warm breath, yellowish complexion, dull eyes, prominent whites of the eyes, lethargy, aversion to eating, or sour-smelling stool: one must grind away accumulation. Use Xiaoji Wan (Eliminate Accumulation Pill). For severe cases, use Baibingzi (White Cake Pill) to purge, then harmonize the Stomach with Baizhu San (Atractylodes Powder).
Baibingzi (White Cake Pill) (See Convulsion section).
Baizhu San (Atractylodes Powder) (See Convulsion Gate).
Xiaoji Wan (Eliminate Accumulation Pill)
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) (9 grains), Sharen (Amomi Fructus) (12 grains), Badou (Crotonis Fructus) (2 grains, remove skin, heart, membrane, and oil).
Grind into fine powder, bind with flour paste to make pills the size of millet seeds. For children over three years, administer 3-5 pills; for younger, 1-2 pills, taken down with warm water.
For epigastric/cardiac pain, pale complexion, drooling/clear fluid from mouth, pain occurring at fixed times: treat as Roundworms. It is said: Accumulation pain, Food pain, Worm pain, and Cold pain are largely similar. Only Worm pain presents with bland taste and spontaneous drooling. Infants are naturally timid; when the Stomach is cold, worms move causing cardiac headache, somewhat similar to Epilepsy, but without eye deviation or hand convulsions. Treat with Anchong San (Settle Worms Powder).
Anchong San (Settle Worms Powder): *Baojian* uses rice paste to make pills, named Anchong Wan (Settle Worm Pill).
Hufen (Cerussa) (stir-fry until yellow), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Chuanlianzi (Toosendan Fructus - remove seeds), Deshe (Chrysanthemi Indici Flos) (each 2 liang), Baifan (Alumen) (2.5 qian, calcined).
Grind into fine powder. Administer 1 zi per dose; for larger children, 0.5 qian or 1 qian, taken down with warm rice drink, administered during pain.
Jixiao Wan (Collect Efficacy Pill): Treats worm pain.
Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Deshe (Chrysanthemi Indici Flos - stir-fried), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Hezi (Myrobalani Fructus - baked, remove seed), Wuyi (Myroxylon Residue), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata - remove skin and navel, processed), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) (each 2 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (0.5 liang), Wumei (Mume Fructus - remove seed, 2.5 qian).
Grind into fine powder, bind with refined honey to make pills. Take down with Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) decoction or vinegar decoction. Another version adds Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma).
Another Prescription: Treats worms.
Use egg white wax dust (from frying eggs), bind with wine paste and administer. Said to treat Tapeworms.
Another Prescription: Treats Ascaris pain.
Use Erchen Tang (Two Aged Decoction) plus Kudigen (Meliae Radix), decoct and drink. Or use only Kudigen (Meliae Radix) grown facing southeast and not emerging from soil. Scrape off coarse bark, take the white inner bark, cut finely, decoct strongly to obtain one cup of juice. Drink slowly; do not drink too much. First feed sugar/honey or fried meat to attract the worm head upward, then administer the medicine. Adjust dosage according to the child's size.
For infantile abdominal pain after eating zongzi (sticky rice dumplings), use Baishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) mixed with Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) powder, administered with water decoction. Cure.
Another Prescription: Treats infantile abdominal pain.
Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) (each 2 qian), Fulongdan (Dragon's House Earth) (1 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Baicaoshuang (Carbonized Bamboo Residue), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (each 5 qian).
Grind into fine powder, bind with congee to make pills the size of wutong seeds. Administer 30-50 pills per dose, taken down with Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) decoction.
Infantile night crying is treated based on Heart Heat or Deficiency.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma - stir-fried with ginger juice) (each 1.5 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root) (0.5 qian), Zhuye (Phyllostachys Folium) (20 leaves).
Cut finely, divide into two doses. Add one slice of fresh ginger to each dose, decoct in water, and drink. Another version omits Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma).
Qian Yi said: Infantile night crying is due to Cold Pain in the Spleen organ. Use warming middle herbs, such as Yihuang San (Yellow Harmonizing Powder)... and Huahuo Gao (Flower Fire Paste).
I observe: The above two theories differ; one attributes it to Heart Heat, the other to Spleen Cold. One must examine external signs to distinguish. If the face is blue-white, hands and abdomen are cold, and there is aversion to feeding: it is Cold. Night belongs to Yin; Yin excess makes Spleen Cold worse. Spleen is the Ultimate Yin, preferring Warmth and disliking Cold. Cold causes abdominal pain, leading to curling up and crying. If the face is red, hands and abdomen are warm, and breath is hot: it is Heat. Fire belongs to Heart; seeing lamps generates internal irritability; two Yangs clash, causing the infant to arch back and cry. Externally, if the face is white, black pupils are few, and Kidney Qi is insufficient, Yin Deficiency at night causes crying.
Huahuo Gao (Flower Fire Paste)
Denghua (Oleae Flower) (3 pieces).
Mix with breast milk, apply to infant's mouth, or apply to mother's nipple for the infant to suck.
For treating startled crying due to Evil Heat invading the Heart, treat with Anshen Wan (Calm Spirit Pill). (Formula seen above.)
For infantile Wind-Phlegm congestion, use:
Nanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum) (5 qian, sliced and soaked in Alumen decoction, then dried), Baifuzi (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) (2 liang).
Grind these two into powder, bind with flour paste to make pills the size of euryale seeds. Administer one pill per dose, dissolved in Ginger, Honey, and Mint decoction.
For infantile Phlegm-Heat bone-steaming fever, use:
Erchen Tang (Two Aged Decoction) (5 qian) plus Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (2 qian), Gegen (Puerariae Radix), Baishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (each 1.5 qian), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) (30 berries).
Cut finely, divide into three doses. Add Ginger and Jujube, decoct in water, and drink.
Another Prescription: Treats the above condition, use:
Huhuanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Binglang (Arecae Semen) (each 1 qian), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Leiwan (Pseudolaricis Semen), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Banxia Qu (Pinelliae Massa Fermentata), Shijunzi (Quisqualis Fructus), Baihua Liao (Polygoni Bistortae Herba) (each 2 qian).
Grind into fine powder, bind with flour paste to make pills the size of millet seeds. Administer 30-50 pills per dose, taken down with plain water.
Infantile Jie Lu (separation of cranial sutures): Caused by maternal Qi deficiency and excess Heat. Qian Yi said: Cranial sutures not closing at birth indicate incomplete Kidney Qi; even when grown, they will smile little. Others present with prominent whites of the eyes, white complexion, and thinness, indicating melancholy rather than joy. Zhu Danxi used Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) combined with Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction). For Heat, add Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) stir-fried with wine, decoct and drink. Additionally, bind the head tightly with cloth and apply Bailian (Ampelopsis Radix) powder externally.
Infantile geophagia (eating mud): Due to Stomach Heat. Use Ruang Shigao (Prepared Gypsum Fibrosum), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), decoct and drink.
Infantile Tuonang (scrotal prolapse/swelling): Scrotum swells and hangs down without retracting; sometimes the scrotal skin decays. Use Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Gancao (Licorice Root), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), decoct and drink. For decayed skin, use Ye Zisu (Perillae Folium - green front, red back) ground into powder, mixed with sesame oil for application. If skin is lost exposing the testes, wrap externally with green lotus leaves; skin will regenerate after medication.
Tuogang (Rectal Prolapse): Use earth from the east wall of a house, soak in water. Fumigate first, then wash.
Another Prescription: Treats the above condition.
Use Wubeizi (Galla Chinensis) ground into fine powder for application, frequently pushing it back in.
Another Prescription: Treats the above condition.
Use Bie Tou (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum - turtle head) calcined, mixed with sesame oil for application. (Another version: smoke with this object; it will retract after a while.)
Infantile Chil Liu (red wandering rash): Also known as Chi You Feng (Red Wandering Wind). This is Heat-Toxin lodging in the interstices, clashing with Blood-Qi, manifesting on the skin, red like cinnabar. Use Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) (another version adds Baishao Yao and Taoren). Use bitter-cold herbs with exterior-releasing properties. Externally, wash with Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas) decoction, and apply Bajiao You (Musa Sapientis Oil). Qian Yi used Baiwu San (White Earth Powder) for application; all are effective.
Baiwu San (White Earth Powder)
Bai'e (Kaolin) (sound 'e', white earth, 5 qian), Hanshuishi (Aqua Calcitae) (1 liang).
Grind into fine powder, mix with rice vinegar or fresh well water.
Infantile umbilical discharge and pain: Use Baifan (Alumen), calcined, applied dry. Or use Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) powder for application.
Laitou (Ringworm of the scalp): Use Tongsheng San (Universal Salvation Powder) moistened with wine. Remove Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), stir-fry separately with wine. Grind all into powder, moisten with wine again, dry, and bake. Administer 1 qian per dose, decoct in water. Externally, burn white charcoal red-hot, quench in water, and wash while hot. Also, use Hucizi (Coriandri Fructus), Fulongdan (Dragon's House Earth), Xuanlongwei (Hydrophylli Herba), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Baifan (Alumen) ground into powder, mixed with oil for application.
Another Prescription: Treats Laitou (Ringworm of the scalp).
Songshu Nongpi (Thick Pine Bark - calcined, 2 liang), Huangdan (Minii Arsenitas) (calcined, 1 liang), Baifan (Alumen - calcined), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (each 5 qian), Baijiaoxiang (Colophonium) (calcined, poured on stone, 1 liang), Qingfen (Calomel) (4 lu). Grind into powder, mix with cooked sesame oil for application.
Danxi treated a two-year-old infant with sores all over the head. Suddenly the sores flattened, followed by Phlegm-Wheeze. Knowing it was Fetal Toxin, he asked the mother, who admitted eating spicy/hot foods during pregnancy. He prescribed Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), decocted strongly, added Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia), and administered. The infant recovered in a few days.
Weigu Tong (Coccyx Pain): Belongs to Yin Deficiency and Phlegm.
For Yin Deficiency, use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) plus Chao Huangbai (Stir-fried Phellodendri Cortex), Jiu Zhimu (Wine-processed Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), with a small amount of Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) as a guide, or Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) as guides. If pain persists, add Rushiang (Olibanum) and Moyao (Myrrha). For Phlegm, use Erchen Tang (Two Aged Decoction) plus Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), must use Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) as guides, because Yin Deficiency leads to Phlegm excess. If pain persists, also add Rushiang (Olibanum) and Moyao (Myrrha). Both methods must be preceded by heavy purging with Yuzhu San (Jade Candle Powder), Tongjing San (Unblock Meridians Powder), Tan Xiaowei Dan (Reduce Stomach Phlegm Pill), or Shen Wan, Shizao Tang (Ten Date Decoction), same as treating Leukorrhea.
Infantile tongue protrusion: Due to slight Heat in the Spleen organ, causing slight tension in tongue collaterals, leading to frequent licking. Do not use Cold drugs or purgatives. Slowly administer Xiehuang San (Drain Yellow Powder). If desiring water, it is not Heat, but lack of fluids in Spleen/Stomach; do not purge. If tongue protrusion occurs after severe illness, it is ominous.
Xiehuang San (Drain Yellow Powder)
Huoxiang Ye (Agastaches Folium) (0.7 qian), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) (1 qian), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (0.5 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root) (0.75 qian), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix - remove radix) (0.4 qian).
Cut finely, prepare as one dose. Stir-fry with honey and wine until fragrant. Add one cup of water, decoct to half a cup, strain, and administer frequently.
Guixiong (Turtle Chest): Due to Lung Heat and fullness attacking the chest/diaphragm. Also caused by nursing mothers consuming excessive Five Pungents and Hot foods. Treat with Xiebai San (Drain White Powder) plus Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix).
Xiebai San (Drain White Powder)
Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex - mixed with honey water, stir-fry until yellow, 1 qian), Digupi (Lygodii Radix) (1 qian), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root) (0.5 qian). Add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (1 qian).
Prepare as one dose, decoct in water.
Guibei (Turtle Back): After birth, External Wind enters the spine, driving into the marrow, forming Turtle Back. Treat by applying Turtle Urine to the joints to flatten it. Method to collect Turtle Urine: Place a lotus leaf, put the turtle on it, and the urine will flow out.
Chongshe Mushe (Double Tongue/Wooden Tongue): An extra tongue growing under the infant's tongue.
Use a three-edged needle to puncture the purple vessels under the tongue; releasing foul blood cures it.
Another Prescription: Mix Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) with Puhuang (Typhae Pollen) powder, apply to the tongue. Miraculous effect.
Another Prescription: Treats infantile wooden tongue blocking the mouth.
Use Zixue (Purple Snow) 2 qian, Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) half he, grind finely and mix evenly. Apply frequently to the mouth. Cure.
Treat infantile mouth sores using:
Yan Bai Mei (Salted White Plum - calcined), Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus - calcined with seeds), Qiandan (Minii Oxidum Rubrum - calcined), Renzhongbai (Urinae Humanis Depuratum - calcined), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) (small amount).
Grind into fine powder, apply. Miraculous effect.
Treat infantile Goose-Mouth Sores: Named so because white debris covers the tongue and corners of the mouth.