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Tortoise Shell (Jia Ban, Rhinoplax Carapax et Plastrum, processed with wine) Cinnabar Leaf (Ce Bai Ye, Biota Tops, processed with wine) Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiang Fu, five qian) Mustard Seed (La Jie Zi) Calycoside Flower (Ling Xiao Hua, one and a half qian)
The above ingredients are made into pills using wine paste. Take the pills by swallowing them while decocting Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) with added Chen Pi (Citrus Reticulatae Pericarpium) and Gan Cao (Licorice Root), each in an amount of one fen.

For lower back pain caused by phlegm accumulation, use Er Chen Tang (Two Aged Ingredients Decoction) with added Nan Xing (Arisaema Cum Bile). For food stagnation and phlegm accumulation, if the pulse is forceful, purgative methods are appropriate.
[From "Shan"] Lower back pain due to qi stagnation and trauma. Add a few drops of vegetable oil to fragrant tea and take immediately.
[From "Su Wen"] North wind arises in winter, the disease is in the Kidney, manifesting in the waist. (From *Jin Gui Zhen Yan Lun*) The so-called Shaoyin meridian lower back pain is because Shaoyin corresponds to the Kidney. In the tenth lunar month, the yang qi of all things is injured, hence lower back pain occurs. The so-called Taiyang meridian lower back pain occurs in the first lunar month, corresponding to Yin. Yin belongs to the Taiyang meridian. In the first lunar month, yang qi rises upward while yin qi remains abundant; since yang qi cannot smoothly continue, swelling and lower back pain result. (From *Mai Jie Pian*)

Lower back pain mostly belongs to Kidney deficiency. Treatment methods are detailed in the preceding section on Yin and Yang deficiency.
[Li Dongyuan] Spine pain and neck stiffness, waist feeling as if broken, neck feeling as if pulled, headache striking upwards, this is due to the malfunction of the Foot-Taiyang meridian. It is primarily treated with Qiang Huo Sheng Shi Tang (Notopterygium and Drynaria Decoction to Overcome Dampness).
Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) [each one qian] Gaoben (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix) Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) [each one qian] Man Jing Zi (Viticis Semen) Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried) [prepared as described]
The above ingredients are chopped and taken as one dose. Add two cups of water, decoct until half remains, strain, and take warm after meals.

There are five types of lower back pain according to the theory of Six Qi:
First is Cold. The classics state: When Water qi is depressed and erupts, people suffer from lower back pain, immobility of large joints, and difficulty in flexion and extension. It also states: When Taiyang qi arrives, it manifests as lower back pain. It further states: In the counter-qi of Taiyang, the waist painfully reverses, with difficulty in flexion and extension; this is treated with hot-natured agents.
Second is Dampness. The classics state: When Tainyin governs the year, dampness descends, and Kidney qi ascends to comply. At that time, there is contrary lower back pain and difficulty in movement. It also states: When Taiyang is in the Earthly Branch position, excessive dampness causes illness resembling a broken waist; this is also treated with hot-natured agents.
Third is a mixture of Cold and Dampness. The classics state: During the administration of Tainyin governing the year, in the final phase, cold qi prevails greatly, and dampness transforms greatly. Illness involves joint rigidity and lower back pain; this is treated with drying and heating methods.
Fourth is Dryness. The classics state: When Yangming governs the year, excessive dryness causes illness involving lower back pain; this is treated with bitter-warm methods.
Fifth is a mixture of Dryness, Heat, Wind, and Cold. The classics state: During the administration of Shaoyin governing the year, Water and Fire, Cold and Heat contend at the qi intersection, causing people to suffer from lower back pain. In the initial phase, cold begins, yang qi is depressed, and people feel unusually confined, with joint rigidity and lower back pain; treatment uses formulas with more heat-damp resolving properties and less cold-clearing properties.
[Zhu Danxi] Mo Yao Dan (Rubbing Waist Pill) treats lower back pain in the elderly and leukorrhea in women.
Fuzi Jian (Tip of Prepared Aconite Root) Wutou Jian (Tip of Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) Nan Xing (Arisaema Cum Bile) [each two and a half qian] Zhusha (Cinnabar) Zhang Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum) Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos) [each one and a half qian] Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) Xionghuang (Realgar) [each one and a half qian]
Musk (She Xiang, Moschus) (five grains for large musk, increase for smaller)
Grind the above into powder, form pills with honey, size of a longan. Dissolve one pill in fresh ginger juice to a thick porridge consistency, heat over fire, place in palm, and rub onto the waist. Wait for the medicine to adhere to the waist, then bind tightly with heated cotton clothing. The waist will feel hot like fire. Use one pill every two days.
[Worldly Transmission] Zao Jiao Gao (Gleditsia Sinensis Paste) treats various lower back and leg pains.
Take two large bowls of good wine, one jin of Gleditsia Sinensis (Zao Jiao, Gleditsiae Fructus), remove skin and strings, crush, and boil until reduced by half. Filter out dregs. Return the filtrate to a silver or earthenware vessel and boil into a paste. Apply to the painful area.
[From "Sheng Ji Zong Lu"] Treats wind-cold bi syndrome causing cold, numbness, and pain in the feet and waist. San Fen of Chuan Wu Tou (Aconiti Radix Preparata), remove skin and navel, grind raw into powder. Mix with good vinegar, apply on cloth, and patch. Pain stops immediately.
[From "Shan"] Lower back pain. Melt Ox Hide Glue (Niu Jiao, Colla Corii Asini), mix evenly with fresh ginger juice, and apply to the painful area.
[From "Su Wen"] The Foot-Taiyang meridian causes lower back pain, pulling the neck, spine, sacrum, and back, feeling heavy. Prick Zhong Wan (Weizhong, BL40). Bleed the regular Taiyang meridian; do not bleed in spring. (See *Ci Yao Tong Pian*, same below. Wang Bing's commentary notes: Zhong refers to Weizhong acupoint.)

Pain in the lower back and spine along the vertebral column extends to the head, with neck stiffness, blurred vision, and a desire to fall. Prick the Foot-Taiyang meridian at Weizhong (BL40) to bleed. (KT KT, pronounced shu, describes stretching the neck, indicating neck and back stiffness.)
Three methods for pricking lower back pain pulling the neck, spine, sacrum, and back. The second method takes bleeding from the Foot-Taiyang meridian. The classics state: Pathogenic factors in the Kidney cause abdominal distension, lower back pain, difficult defecation, shoulder/back/neck pain, and frequent dizziness. Select Yongquan (KI1) and Kunlun (BL60); if blood stasis is visible, extract it all. This involves taking blood from both Foot-Taiyang and Foot-Shaoyin meridians. It also states: When the Foot-Taiyang meridian moves abnormally, it causes headache striking upwards, eyes feeling as if protruding, neck feeling as if pulled, spine pain, and waist feeling as if broken. Observe whether the Taiyang meridian is excess, deficient, hot, cold, sunken, or collapsed, and apply tonification, drainage, rapid retention, or moxibustion to regulate it.
Foot-Shaoyin meridian causes lower back pain, with pain pulling along the inner aspect of the spine. Prick Foot-Shaoyin two cun above the medial malleolus. Do not bleed in spring; excessive bleeding cannot be replenished. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Fuliu acupoint, KI7.)
Pricking lower back pain pulling along the inner aspect of the spine derives from bleeding the Foot-Shaoyin meridian. The classics state: The collateral branch of Foot-Shaoyin is named Dazhong (KI4). It runs behind the ankle, encircles it, and branches to connect with Taiyang. Deficiency causes lower back pain; treat its branching point. This tonifies the Foot-Shaoyin collateral.
Shaoyang meridian causes lower back pain, feeling like needles piercing the skin, slowly unable to bend or extend, unable to look back. Prick the end of Chenggu (Yanglingquan, GB34) to bleed. Chenggu is the prominent bone on the lateral side of the knee. Do not bleed in summer. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Chenggu refers to the depression between the two rising bones near the lower end of the lateral leg bone where a finger fits; this refers to Yanglingquan acupoint.)
Yangming meridian causes lower back pain, inability to look back, visual hallucinations when looking back, prone to sadness. Prick Yangming three cun above Sanli (Zusanli, ST36) to harmonize upper and lower and bleed. Do not bleed in autumn. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Zusanli acupoint, ST36.)
Hengluo meridian causes lower back pain, inability to bend or extend, fear of falling when extending. Caused by lifting heavy objects and injuring the waist severely, Hengluo is severed, and evil blood gathers here. Prick between the Yangjin tendon, several cun above, bleeding horizontally at two points. (Wang Bing's commentary claiming these are Weiyang (SB38) and Yinmen (BL37) is incorrect. Careful examination shows Weiyang is exactly at the end of the transverse crease on the lateral side, not several cun above; Yinmen is one cun above the popliteal fossa, not several cun. "Yangjin" refers to the large tendon on the lateral side of the popliteal fossa connecting to the buttocks. "Several cun above" means several cun above the lateral large tendon, between the two tendons, observing full blood vessels, bleeding horizontally at two points.
Four methods for pricking lower back pain with inability to bend or extend. The above three methods all involve bleeding. The classics state: The Foot-Jueyin Liver meridian, when moving abnormally, causes lower back pain, inability to bend or extend, hernia, and lower abdominal swelling. Observe excess, deficiency, heat, cold, sunken, or collapsed conditions, and apply tonification, drainage, rapid retention, or moxibustion to regulate it.
Lower back pain pulling the lower abdomen and hypochondrium, inability to lie supine. Prick the intersection of the lumbar and sacral regions, above the fleshy parts of the two femoral condyles. Determine the number of needle insertions based on the waxing and waning of the moon. Pain ceases immediately upon insertion. Treat left with right, right with left.
(Wang Bing's commentary: This pathogen resides in the Foot-Taiyin collateral. Kong means pulling. , refers to the soft hollow area below the costal margin. "Intersection of lumbar and sacral" refers to the four bony foramina on either side of the sacrum, totaling eight acupoints, commonly called the Eight Liao acupoints. This lower back pain selects the fourth Liao below the iliac crest, i.e., Xiagiao (BL32). The Foot-Taiyin, Jueyin, and Shaoyang meridians intersect on the left and right in the middle, hence called the intersection of lumbar and sacral. "Two femoral condyle muscles" refer to the firm muscular prominences below the two femoral condyles. "Above the muscle" does not mean the peak of the muscle, but directly pricking the straight part between the muscles, which is Pishu (BL20). Why? Above the peak of the muscle are Zhonglshu (BL29) and Baihuanshu (BL30); although they both treat lower back pain, their anatomical location does not correspond to the classic symptoms. The femoral condyle bone is the bone rising on both sides of the lumbar spine. Below the lumbar condyles, on both sides of the narrow spine, there are muscular prominences sloping towards the posterior inside of the condyles, hence called "two femoral condyle muscles." Below these muscles, on the left and right, there are four bony foramina each, hence Shangliao (BL31), Ciliao (BL32), Zhongliao (BL33), and Xiagiao (BL34). Shangliao is in the depression below the iliac crest; the other three are slightly oblique downwards, pressing into the depression.
All four Liao acupoints treat lower back pain, but only Xiagiao matches the text and classics, being the intersection of Taiyin, Jueyin, and Shaoyang. Shen, pronunciation shu ren fan. Liao, pronunciation ruo wa fan.
Pricking lower back pain pulling the lower abdomen and hypochondrium, inability to lie supine, selecting the interval between lumbar and sacral regions appears three times in the classics; this is one instance. *Miao Ci Lun* states: Lower back pain pulling the lower abdomen and hypochondrium, inability to breathe lying supine, prick the solution of the lumbar and sacral region, above the two muscles, which is Yaogao. Determine the number of needle insertions based on the waxing and waning of the moon. Pain ceases immediately upon insertion. Prick left for right, right for left. *Gu Kong Lun* also states: Lower back pain with inability to turn or shake, urgently pulling the scrotum, prick the Eight Liao and the painful area. The Eight Liao are in the interval between the lumbar and sacral regions. These three passages are largely similar, constituting one method. The Foot-Jueyin meridian, when moving abnormally, causes lower back pain, inability to bend or extend, hernia, and lower abdominal swelling. Observe excess, deficiency, heat, cold, sunken, or collapsed conditions to regulate. Here the symptoms are the same, but the method differs.
Yangwei meridian causes lower back pain, with local swelling. Prick the Yangwei meridian, where the meridian combines with Taiyang below the calf, about one chi from the ground. (Lin Gui notes: Chengshan acupoint, BL57.)
Feiyang meridian causes lower back pain, with local oppression, severe cases involving fear and terror. Prick the Feiyang meridian, five cun above the medial malleolus, anterior to Shaoyin, at the meeting with Yinwei. (Zhubin acupoint, GB37. Zubin is located in the gap between the muscles above the medial malleolus.)
Tongyin meridian causes lower back pain, pain like a small hammer lodged within, with local swelling. Prick the Tongyin meridian, at the end of Jiegu (Yangfu, GB38) above the lateral malleolus, three needle insertions. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Yangfu acupoint, GB38.)
Jiemai causes lower back pain, pain pulling the shoulder, blurred vision, occasional urinary incontinence. Prick Jiemai, at the transverse vessel in the muscle-tendon interval on the lateral side of the knee, bleed until the blood color changes. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: The transverse line between the two tendons outside the knee, where the meat of Guozhong rises, is the muscle division. Select the transverse blood vessel on the lateral side of Guozhong that appears purple-black and full. Prick it; black blood will appear. Wait until the blood turns red to stop. I observe that the muscle-tendon interval on the lateral side of the knee is Weiyang acupoint, GB39.)
Sanmai causes lower back pain with heat, severe heat causing irritability, a sensation of a horizontal wood block in the lower waist, severe cases involving urinary incontinence. Prick Sanmai, in the bone-muscle interval anterior to the knee, binding the vessel on the lateral collateral, three needle insertions. (Wang Bing's commentary claiming Diji (SP8) is incorrect. Since it says "bone-muscle interval anterior to the knee, binding the vessel on the lateral collateral," the acupoint should be between the bones above Zusanli (ST36) and Yanglingquan (GB34), at the knee joint interval, pricked horizontally three times.)
Changyang meridian causes lower back pain, pain pulling the chest, blurred vision, severe cases involving opisthotonos, tongue retraction, and inability to speak. Prick the inner tendon for two needle insertions, anterior to the large tendon above the medial malleolus, posterior to Taiyin, two cun above the ankle. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Jiaoxin acupoint, KI8, two cun above the medial malleolus. Between anterior Shaoyin and posterior Taiyin tendons and bones, it is the Xi-cleft point of the Yinqiao meridian.)
There are three instances of pricking lower back pain with blurred vision; this is one. If pain pulls the shoulder and causes urinary incontinence, prick Jiemai at Weiyang (GB39) in the muscle-tendon interval on the lateral side of the knee. If pain pulls the neck and spine, causing a desire to fall, prick Weizhong (BL40) on the Foot-Taiyang meridian to bleed.
Jiemai causes lower back pain like a drawn belt, often feeling like the waist is broken, prone to fear. Prick Jiemai, where the collateral knots in the popliteal fossa like a millet grain. Prick until black blood shoots out, stopping when red blood appears. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Guozhong refers to Weizhong acupoint, BL40.)
Huiyin meridian causes lower back pain, with profuse sweating on the painful area. When sweat dries, thirst arises; after drinking, there is a desire to move. Prick Zhiyang meridian three needle insertions above, horizontally located five cun below the Yangqiao tendon, observing full vessels to bleed. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Chengjin acupoint, BL56. Forbidden to prick, can moxa three cones. The text saying "prick" refers to pricking full blood vessels.)
Rouli meridian causes lower back pain, inability to cough; coughing causes tendon contraction and tightness. Prick Rouli meridian for two needle insertions, outside Taiyang, posterior to Shaoyang Jiegu. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Fenrou acupoint, located at the end of Jiegu directly above the lateral malleolus, two cun equal to body measurement in the muscle-tendon interval, where Yangwei meridian qi emerges. *Jia Yi Jing* lists it as Yangfu acupoint, GB38.)
Jueyin meridian causes lower back pain, waist feeling like a drawn bowstring. Prick Jueyin meridian, outside the calf's fish-belly shape near the heel. Palpate until nodular, then prick. The disease causes excessive talking, muteness, and dullness. Prick three times. (Wang Bing's commentary notes: Ligou acupoint, KI5.)
Upper cold in lower back pain, prick Foot-Taiyang and Yangming meridians. Upper heat, prick Foot-Jueyin meridian. Inability to bend or extend, prick Foot-Shaoyang meridian. Internal heat with panting, prick Foot-Shaoyin meridian, bleed at Guazhong (popliteal fossa center).
(*Ling Shu* states: Blood vessels in Guazhong.) Upper cold in lower back pain with inability to look back, prick Foot-Yangming meridian. Upper heat, prick Foot-Taiyin meridian.
*Ci Yao Tong Pian*: Select six methods from the center of the Foot-Taiyang popliteal fossa. Guazhong refers to the space between the two tendons in the popliteal crease. Two methods from the regular Taiyin meridian: bleed the center of the popliteal fossa. Two methods from Jiemai: bleed the transverse line in the popliteal fossa. One method from Hengluo: bleed several cun above the popliteal fossa. One method from Huiyin: bleed five cun below the center of the popliteal fossa.
[Luo] Zhang Zhongwen's Passed-down Divine Moxibustion Method treats heavy lower back pain with inability to turn, difficulty rising and sitting, and cold bi syndrome with leg tendon spasms and inability to flex or extend. Moxa the two ends of the popliteal crease texture. Three cones at four points on both left and right feet. When moxa-ing one foot, apply two fires simultaneously. When the moxa cone touches the flesh and pain is initially felt, have two people blow on both sides simultaneously until the fire extinguishes. Perform moxibustion at noon. By human settlement time (evening), the zang-fu organs will automatically move one or two times, or rotate like thunder sounds. The disease will heal immediately. This method is divine and efficacious, beyond measure.
[From "Yu Han Jing"] Kidney deficiency lower back pain: Shenshu (BL23) (Measure with a stick level with the umbilicus, one and a half cun from the spine. Moxa fourteen cones.) Renzhong (GV26) Weizhong (BL40)
[From "Cuo Yao"] Stiff and painful waist: Mingmen (GV4) (Moxa fourteen cones, below the intervertebral space of the 14th vertebra, locate while prone.) Kunlun (BL60) (Drain, moxibustion also drains.)
[From "Zhai Xuan"] Sudden qi stagnation lower back pain, inability to bend or extend: Zhishi (BL52) (Five fen, drain upon obtaining Deqi.) Xingjian (LR2) Lower back pain pulling inward along the spine, inability to flex or extend, pain higher up: Hegu (LI4) Pain lower down: Kunlun (BL60) Fuliu (KI7) Unbearable pain in both spine and waist: Fengchi (GB20) Hegu (LI4) Kunlun (BL60)
[Sang] Another method: Fengchi (GB20) Chengshan (BL57) Hegu (LI4) Lvxi (LR5) Sanjian (LI3)
[Dong] Waist and spine like a bowstring: Yongquan (KI1) (One fen.) Yinggu (KI3) (One and a half cun.) Jinggu (BL64) (One fen.) Xingjian (LR2) (Five fen.)
[From "Ji Cheng"] Sudden twist and qi stagnation lower back pain: Chize (LU5) (Avoid moxibustion.) Weizhong (BL40) Renzhong (GV26) Yanglingquan (GB34) Shugu (BL65) Kunlun (BL60) Below...
[Luo] Lower back pain with inability to bend or extend, difficulty turning, alternating chills and fever, increased appetite, emaciation, yellow-black complexion, cold and insensible feet, heavy waist like stone: Shenshu (BL23) (Moxa five cones.) Zhonglvshu (BL27) (Moxa five cones.) Yaoshu (DU2) (Moxa five cones.)
[From "Zhai Xuan"] Chronic kidney deficiency lower back pain not healing: Jianjing (GB21) Shenshu (BL23) (Five fen, seven breaths, moxa according to age in cones.) For lower back pain where needling is uncertain, prick the Eight Liao. (See previous acupuncture section.) For severe deficiency lower back pain, recurring after needling, heavy waist unable to lift the body, prick Weizhong artery to bleed.
[Jie] Lower back pain in front of the body, select Foot-Yangming Yuan-source acupoint. Behind the body, select Foot-Taiyang Yuan-source acupoint. On the side of the body, select Foot-Shaoyang Yuan-source acupoint.
[From "Jia Yi Jing"] Lower back pain with stiff spine, fullness in hypochondrium, hardness and urgency in lower abdomen: Zhishi (BL52) governs. Lower back and spine pain, aversion to cold, fullness and hardness in lower abdomen, strangury with heaviness in lower jiao, inability to urinate: Baohuang (BL54) governs. Lower back pain with cold, urgent difficulty in bending and extending, genital pain with heaviness in lower jiao, inability to urinate: Zhibian (BL54) governs. Lower back and spine pain strongly pulling the back, difficulty in bending and extending lower abdomen, inability to breathe lying supine, leg atrophy and heaviness, inability to lift sacrum, dark urine, cold and insensitivity from waist to feet, inability to sit or stand: Pangguangshu (BL28) governs. Lower back pain with inability to bend or extend: Zhonglv Neishu (BL29) governs.
Lower back and spine pain, severe cold pain in sacrum, spine, thigh, buttocks, and genitals. Deficiency causes blood movement, excess causes combined heat pain, hemorrhoid pain, swelling in the sacral foramen, feces protruding directly: Fucheng (BL37) governs. Lower back pain with neck and vertex pain, sweating in joints, limping and insensitivity, pain in the popliteal fossa: Feiyang (BL58) governs. Large Intestine excess causes lower back and back bi-cold with cramps, dizziness and headache. Deficiency causes epistaxis, vertex disease, lower back pain, spontaneous sweating, and desire to walk after eating: Chengjin (BL56) governs. Lower back pain with inability to lift foot, pain in the heel and behind the ankle, leg atrophy: Pucan (BL63) governs. Lower back pain with inability to lift foot, slight sitting, or stumbling when getting off a cart, shin feeling rigid: Shenmai (BL62) governs. Lower back pain with a sensation of a small hammer lodged within, oppressive swelling and pain, inability to cough, coughing causes tendon contraction, pain in all joints, varying up and down, chills and fever: Yangfu (GB38) governs. Lower back pain pulling the testicles, lower abdomen, and thighs, sudden inability to bend or extend: Prick Qiejie (ST30). Intestinal and elbow cold, lower back pain preventing lying down: Shousanli (TE9) governs.
Lower back pain with difficult defecation: Yongquan (KI1) governs. Lower back pain with inability to turn: Zhangmen (LR13) governs. Lower back pain with lower abdominal pain: Yinbao (LR9) governs. Lower back pain with inability to stand or bend for long periods: Jingmen (GB25) and Xingjian (LR2) govern. Lower back pain with lower abdominal fullness, difficult urination resembling strangury, emaciation, fear, qi insufficiency, and intestinal stagnation: Taichong (LR3) governs. Lower back and foot pain with clear diarrhea, frequent vomiting, jumping testicles: Shangliao (BL31) governs. Lower back pain with oppression, inability to bend or extend, insensitivity from waist to feet, entering the spine, cold in lower back: Ciliao (BL32) governs. Lower back pain with difficult defecation, undigested food diarrhea, cold in the sacrum: Zhongliao (BL33) governs. Lower back pain with lower abdominal pain: Xiagiao (BL34) governs. Kidney lower back pain with inability to bend or extend: Yinlingquan (SP9) governs.
[From "Zhai Xuan"] Sprained lower back pain: Qihai (CV6) (One cun for fat people, five fen for thin people. Three tonifications and three drainings. Patient feels pain above and below the umbilicus. Stop needle, wait for twenty-five breaths. Press the acupoint heavily with left hand, insert needle with right hand for three breaths. Stop for twenty-five breaths. Advance needle again. Patient feels hot qi from external genitals entering lower abdomen. Extracting needle is divine.) Upper cold excess in lower back pain causes spinal stiffness: Changqiang (GV1) governs.
[From "Su Wen"] If the Kidney pulse is firm and long, and the complexion is yellow and red, one will suffer from broken waist pain. (*Mai Yao Jing Wei Lun*)
The Emperor said: There is a patient with jue syndrome. The upper pulse is deep and tight, the left pulse is floating and slow. Otherwise, where is the disease located? Qibo said: Diagnosing in winter, the upper pulse should indeed be deep and tight; this corresponds to the four seasons. The left pulse being floating and slow goes against the four seasons. Located on the left, it primarily indicates disease in the Kidney, somewhat related to the Lung, and will present as lower back pain. (*Bing Neng Pian*: The characters "bu ran" are superfluous.)
Pressing to the bone, if the pulse qi is scanty, there is lower back and spine pain with body bi syndrome. (*Mai Yao Jing Wei Lun*) Those with black complexion and coarse skin, depressions behind the ears, and one ear higher than the other, are prone to lower back pain. The classics state: Black complexion and coarse skin indicate enlarged Kidneys. Enlarged Kidneys are prone to lower back pain, with inability to bend or extend. It also states: Higher ear indicates tilted Kidney. Tilted Kidneys suffer from lower back and sacral pain.
Kidney exhaustion and extreme anger injuring the will cause loss of strength in the waist, inability to turn and shake, leading to death. The classics state: The waist is the mansion of the Kidney. Inability to turn and shake indicates the Kidney is exhausted. Retaining strength leads to life, losing...