麻黄六两 石膏半斤 生姜三两 大枣十五枚 甘草二两 半夏半斤
右六味，以水六升，先煮麻黄，去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，分温三服。
【集解】
李□曰：脾运水谷，主为胃行津液，职卑如婢也。汤名越婢者，取发越脾气，通行津
液之义也。今治肺胀，则麻黄散表邪，石膏清内热，甘草、大枣养正缓邪，半夏、生
姜散逆下气也。
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上气喘而躁者，属肺胀，欲作风水，发汗则愈。
【注】
上气咳逆喘而躁急者，属肺胀也，乃风郁于外，水逆于中之候也。故曰：欲作风水，
当发其汗；故曰：发汗则愈也。
【集注】
徐彬曰：有邪者，尚可治也。若上气但喘而躁，则喘为风之扇，躁为风之烦，其逆上
之涎沫，将挟风势而为风水。今使先泄于肌表，水无风战，自然顺趋而从下，故曰：
可汗而愈。
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肺胀，咳而上气，烦躁而喘，脉浮者，心下有水，小青龙加石膏汤主之。
【注】
此承上条互详脉证，以明其治也。肺胀，咳而上气，烦躁而喘，脉浮，是外伤风寒，
内有水气，主以小青龙汤，发汗则愈。加石膏者，因多一烦躁证也。
【集注】
沈明宗曰：此互上条，肺胀治法也。风寒之邪，入于荣卫，挟饮上逆，则咳而上气也
。烦躁而喘，肺气壅逆，谓之肺胀，即肺痈未成之初也。
尤怡曰：此亦外邪内饮相搏之证，而兼烦躁，则挟有热邪，麻桂药中必用石膏，如大
青龙之例也。又此条见证与上条颇同，而心下寒饮，则非温药不能开而去之，故不用
越婢加半夏，而用小青龙加石膏，温寒并进，水热俱捐，于法尤为密矣。
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) six liang, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) half jin, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) three liang, Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) fifteen pieces, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) two liang, Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏) half jin.
The above six ingredients are decocted with six sheng of water. First, boil Ephedrae Herba, remove the foam on the surface, then add the remaining herbs, and decoct until three sheng of liquid remains. Divide into three doses and take warm.
[Ji Jie]
Li [Qian] stated: The Spleen transforms and transports food and fluids, primarily assisting the Stomach in distributing body fluids. Its status is humble, like a maid. The name "Yuebi" (Excavating the Maid) implies stimulating Spleen Qi and promoting the circulation of body fluids. In the treatment of Feizhang (Lung Distension), Ephedrae Herba disperses exterior pathogens, Gypsum Fibrosem clears internal heat, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Jujubae Fructus support healthy Qi and moderate pathogenic factors, while Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens disperse rebellious Qi and direct it downward.
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When there is rapid breathing accompanied by restlessness, it belongs to Feizhang (Lung Distension), indicating a tendency to develop Fengshui (Wind Water edema). Sweating therapy will lead to recovery.
[Zhu]
Rapid breathing, coughing, rebellious Qi, wheezing, and restlessness belong to Feizhang (Lung Distension). This is a condition where Wind pathogen is constrained externally and Fluid retention rebels internally. Therefore, it is said that if it tends to become Fengshui, sweating should be induced; thus, sweating leads to recovery.
[Ji Zhu]
Xu Bin stated: If there are external pathogens, it is still treatable. If there is merely rapid breathing, wheezing, and restlessness, the wheezing is fanned by Wind, and the restlessness is caused by Wind's agitation. The phlegm-fluids rising upward will carry the momentum of Wind and transform into Fengshui. By allowing the pathogens to vent through the muscle layer first, the fluid retention, no longer contested by Wind, will naturally flow downward. Thus, it is said that it can be cured by sweating.
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In cases of Feizhang (Lung Distension) with coughing, rebellious Qi, irritability, wheezing, and a floating pulse, indicating Fluid retention below the heart (epigastrium), Xiao Qinglong Tang plus Shigao (Minor Blue Green Dragon Decoction plus Gypsum) is the primary formula.
[Zhu]
This clause complements the previous one by detailing the pulse and symptoms to clarify the treatment. Feizhang (Lung Distension) with coughing, rebellious Qi, irritability, wheezing, and a floating pulse indicates an exterior contraction of Wind-Cold and interior Fluid retention. The primary treatment is Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Green Dragon Decoction); inducing sweating leads to recovery. Shigao (Gypsum) is added because of the additional symptom of irritability.
[Ji Zhu]
Shen Mingzong stated: Cross-referencing with the previous clause, this explains the treatment for Feizhang (Lung Distension). When Wind-Cold pathogens enter the Ying and Wei levels and carry Phlegm-Fluids upward, causing coughing and rebellious Qi. Irritability and wheezing indicate Lung Qi congestion and rebellion, termed Feizhang (Lung Distension), which is the initial stage before the formation of Feiyong (Lung Abscess).
You Yi stated: This is also a syndrome of exterior pathogens clashing with interior fluid retention. The presence of irritability indicates the involvement of Heat pathogens. In formulas containing Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Shigao (Gypsum) must be used, following the example of Da Qinglong Tang (Major Blue Green Dragon Decoction). Furthermore, although the manifestations here are similar to the previous clause, Cold Fluid retention below the heart cannot be resolved without warm herbs. Therefore, Yuebi Jia Banxia Tang (Yuebi Decoction plus Pinelliae Rhizoma) is not used; instead, Xiao Qinglong Tang plus Shigao is employed. This method combines warming to dispel cold and clearing to eliminate heat, addressing both fluid retention and heat, making the therapeutic approach more rigorous.