青黛 轻粉(各一钱) 牵牛末(五钱) 天竺黄(二钱)
上件为末,蜜丸黍米大,每服一钱。得利止后服。
惊痫气实者,此丸与之。
痫疾之原,得之于惊。或在母腹之时,或在有生之后,必以惊恐而致疾,故曰惊痫。盖
恐则气下,惊则气乱,恐气归肾,惊气归心,并于心肾,则肝脾独虚,肝虚则生风,脾虚则
生痰,畜极而通,其法也暴,故令风痰上涌,而痫作矣。经曰∶实者泻之,故用竺黄、青黛
以泻肝,牵牛、轻粉以泻脾。泻肝所以驱风,泻脾所以驱涎。
痫证宜下、宜吐。茶子苦而善涌,能吐顽痰,用者宜取一升,捣烂煎汤五倍之。令患人
先一夕勿食夜膳,次早以帛束其少腹,于无风处饮而行之,得大吐便止,不必尽剂。
叙曰∶癫狂,皆失心也。经曰∶主不明,则十二官危。故视听言动,皆失其职。初病者
宜泻其实。久病者宜安其神。兹考名方八首,而古人之治法见矣。
大黄(四两)
酒浸一宿,水三升煎之,分三服,不已再作。
癫狂病者,此方主之。
多怒为癫,多喜为狂。癫者,精神不守,言语错乱,妄见妄言,登高骂詈是也。狂之始
发,少卧少饥,自贤自贵,妄笑妄动,登高而歌,弃衣而走是也。癫病者,责邪之并于肝。
狂病者,责邪之并于心也。此皆实证,宜泻而不宜补,故用大黄以泻之,取其苦寒,无物不
降,可以泻实。又必数日后方可与食,但得宁静,便为吉兆,不可见其瘦弱减食,便以温药
补之,及以饮食饱之,病必再作。戒之戒之!缓与之食,方为得体,故曰损其谷气,则病易
愈。所以然者,食入于阴,长气于阳故也。
Qingdai (Bromheadinae Herba), Qingfen (Calomel), each 1 qian; Qianniu Zi powder (Semen Pharbitidis) 5 qian; Tianzhu Huang (Bambusae Concretio Silicea) 2 qian.
Grind the above ingredients into fine powder, and make pills with honey, sized like millet seeds. Take 1 qian per dose. Stop taking after the patient experiences diarrhea.
This pill is administered for patients with Jingxian (epilepsy caused by fright) presenting with excess syndrome of Qi.
The origin of Xianji (epileptic seizures) lies in fright. It may occur while in the mother's womb or after birth, inevitably caused by fright and terror, hence it is called Jingxian (fright-induced epilepsy). Generally, fear causes Qi to sink, and fright causes Qi to become chaotic. Fear-related Qi returns to the Kidney, and fright-related Qi returns to the Heart. When pathogenic factors congregate in the Heart and Kidney, the Liver and Spleen alone become deficient. Liver deficiency generates Wind, and Spleen deficiency generates Phlegm. When accumulation reaches its peak, it erupts violently, causing Wind and Phlegm to surge upward, thus triggering epileptic seizures. The Classic states: "Excess syndromes should be purged." Therefore, Tianzhu Huang and Qingdai are used to purge the Liver, and Qianniu Zi and Qingfen are used to purge the Spleen. Purging the Liver serves to expel Wind, and purging the Spleen serves to expel Saliva/Phlegm.
Xianzheng (epileptic disorders) are suitable for purgation or emesis. Chazi (Camellia oleifera seeds) is bitter and effective in inducing vomiting, capable of expelling stubborn Phlegm. Users should take one sheng, crush it thoroughly, and decoct it with five times its volume in water. Instruct the patient to fast from dinner the night before. On the early morning of the next day, bind their lower abdomen tightly with a silk cloth, and drink the decoction in a draft-free place to induce vomiting. Stop immediately once profuse vomiting occurs; there is no need to consume the entire dose.
Narrative: Diankuang (mania and melancholia) both result from the loss of Shen (Spirit). The Classic states: "If the Ruler (Heart) is not clear, the twelve officials (organs) will be endangered." Consequently, vision, hearing, speech, and movement all lose their proper functions. For recent onset, purging excess is appropriate; for chronic cases, calming the Shen is appropriate. Here, eight famous prescriptions are examined, revealing the treatment methods of the ancients.
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) 4 liang.
Soak in wine overnight, add three sheng of water, and decoct. Divide into three doses. If symptoms persist, prepare and administer again.
This prescription is the primary treatment for Diankuangbing (mania and melancholia disorders).
Excessive anger characterizes Dian (melancholia); excessive joy characterizes Kuang (mania). Dian manifests as spirit failing to reside within, disordered speech, delusions, hallucinations, climbing heights, and cursing. Early-stage Kuang manifests as little sleep, little hunger, self-aggrandizement, inappropriate laughter and movement, singing while climbing heights, discarding clothes, and running. Dian disease is attributed to pathogenic factors congregating in the Liver. Kuang disease is attributed to pathogenic factors congregating in the Heart. These are all excess syndromes, suitable for purgation rather than tonification. Therefore, Dahuang is used to purge excess, leveraging its bitter and cold nature which descends everything, thereby clearing excess. Furthermore, food should only be introduced after several days. As long as the patient achieves tranquility, it is an auspicious sign. Do not use warm tonifying medicines or overfeed the patient simply because they appear emaciated or have reduced appetite, otherwise the disease will relapse. Guard against this! Providing food slowly is appropriate. Thus, it is said that reducing grain intake facilitates recovery. This is because food enters to nourish Yin, which in turn generates Yang.