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Chensha San (Cinnabar Powder) treats various types of epilepsy. Take Chensha (Cinnabar, 辰砂) one liang, Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 酸枣仁) half a liang (lightly stir-fried), and Xuxiang (Frankincense, 乳香) half a liang. Grind each into fine powder. Based on the amount of alcohol the patient can normally consume, first allow them to drink freely, but do not let them vomit. Then enter a quiet room, mix the aforementioned medicine with warm wine to make one cup, and have the patient drink it all at once. If the patient usually drinks little alcohol, just get them drunk according to their capacity. After taking the medicine, immediately have them lie down quietly. For mild cases, within half a day to one day; for severe cases, two to three days, do not startle or touch them to wake them up. Wait for them to wake up naturally, then the Hun and Shen (Spirit and Soul) will be stabilized. If startled awake, it cannot be treated again. Official Zhengsu Wu Gong suffered from heart disease in his youth; after taking this medicine for five days, he finally woke up and was cured.

Jingyi (Scriptural Meaning)
The Yellow Emperor asked: What is the reason for cold and heat variations in Jue syndrome? Qibo replied: When Yang Qi is deficient below, Cold Jue occurs; when Yin Qi is deficient below, Heat Jue occurs. The Emperor said: Why does the heat sensation in Heat Jue always begin at the soles of the feet? Qibo said: Yang Qi originates from the dorsal aspect of the five toes of the foot, while Yin meridians gather at the sole and converge at the center of the foot. Therefore, when Yang Qi prevails, the soles become hot. The Emperor said: Why does the cold sensation in Cold Jue always spread from the five toes upward to the knees? Qibo said: Yin Qi originates from the plantar aspect of the five toes, gathers below the knees, and converges above the knees. Therefore, when Yin Qi prevails, coldness spreads from the five toes to above the knees. This coldness does not come from outside but arises from within. ○ When Yang Qi is overstimulated by excessive mental labor, it becomes hyperactive, leading to exhaustion of Essence. If this accumulates during summer, it causes Jian Jue (Frying Jue). ○ When Yang Qi is affected by extreme anger, the form and Qi become severed, and blood stagnates in the upper body, causing Bo Jue (Thinning Jue). ○ Injury by dampness in autumn leads to rebellious Qi and cough, developing into Wei Jue (Flaccidity Jue). ○ A pulse that resembles panting is called Bao Jue (Sudden Jue). ○ When Blood and Qi move together to the upper body, it results in Da Jue (Great Jue). ○ Internal depletion leading to Jue manifests as aphasia and flaccidity of the legs, indicating Kidney deficiency. When Shaoyin Qi fails to reach, it is Jue. ○ If Jue involves the Zang organs, death ensues; if it involves the Jing meridians, survival is possible. (Suwen)

Evil pathogens invading the collaterals of the Hand-Shaoyin, Foot-Shaoyin, Hand-Taiyin, Foot-Taiyin, and Foot-Yangming meridians—these five collaterals all converge in the ears and ascend to connect with the left corner of the head. If the Qi of these five collaterals is exhausted, the body's pulses may move while consciousness is lost. The condition resembles a corpse, hence it is called Shi Jue (Corpse Jue). (Lingshu)

Zheyan (Philosophical Remarks)
Generally speaking, Jue syndrome occurs when Yin and Yang Qi fail to connect smoothly. Jue refers to the reversal coldness of the hands and feet. (Zhang Zhongjing)
Human Qi and Blood irrigate the meridians, flowing continuously without interruption, circulating fifty times through the body in a day and night. External factors such as the Six Evils, internal factors such as the Seven Emotions, or obstructions by Qi, Blood, Phlegm, and Food can all hinder the mechanism of circulation, causing Yin and Yang Qi to fail to connect, resulting in Jue. If Jue presents with clenched jaws and closed teeth, it is Excess Jue; if it presents with an open mouth and spontaneous sweating, it is Deficiency Jue. (Zhengzhi Huibu)
Jue syndrome originating in the feet marks the beginning of its onset. It can even manifest as sudden collapse and violent Jue, with immediate loss of consciousness. Mild cases gradually recover, while severe cases result in immediate death, making it a critical emergency. Later generations failed to understand this, defining Jue merely by cold or hot extremities, and erroneously referring to Hong Kong Foot (Gout/Charcot joint) as Jue, which is a great mistake. Although Zhang Zhongjing distinguished between Cold Jue and Heat Jue, he referred specifically to the extremities to differentiate Cold and Heat in Shanghan (Cold Damage), which is not what Neijing refers to as Jue. Today, people do not recognize Jue syndrome and misidentify it as Zhongfeng (Wind Stroke). Zhongfeng typically involves injury to the meridians, whereas Jue is directly caused by the internal depletion of Essence and Qi. One must distinguish between exterior-interior and excess-deficiency conditions. (Zhang Jingyue)
There are several types of Jue: those caused by Liver Wind, Phlegm-Fire, and Dragon-Lei Fire rushing upward; those caused by Ministerial Fire rushing upward and blocking Stomach Qi; those caused by Gallbladder timidity, Heart deficiency, Phlegm-Fire, and Qi closure; those caused by deficiency and rebellion of Yuan Qi; and those caused by obstruction by Wind-Cold pathogens. There are also Shi Jue, Jian Jue, Wei Jue, Shi Jue (Food Jue), Jing Jue, Xian Jue, and conditions like opisthotonos. These are most startling and difficult to identify; one must carefully examine the complexion and pulse to treat accordingly. Generally, if the thumb presses inward on the fist, it is severe; if outward, it is mild. Pulses that are large, floating, full, and forceful are easy to treat; pulses that are deep, thin, rapid, urgent, and irregular are difficult to treat. Cyanosis of the face, perioral cyanosis, white lips, black nostrils, and retraction of the philtrum indicate danger. This discussion is extremely secret and essential. (Sun Qingzeng)
Deficiency of Yin Essence leads to Fire dominating alone, causing Heat Jue; deficiency of Mingmen Fire leads to Water dominating alone, causing Cold Jue. Both Jues originate in the Kidney, as the Kidney governs Water and Fire. (Wu Hegao)
Cold Jue with sudden death differs from Zhonghan (Cold Strike). The cold in Zhonghan arises immediately upon exposure; the cold in Cold Jue stems from Cold pathogens潜伏 (latent) internally for a long time, triggered by new Cold invasion, leading to Jue and sudden death. Thus, although symptoms include clenched jaws, rigid limbs, and unconsciousness, one is an immediate illness, while the other is triggered by accumulated pathology, differing in origin. Furthermore, Zhonghan causes sudden collapse without warning, whereas Cold Jue begins with cold extremities followed by stupor and rigidity, showing a difference in onset. Zhonghan affects the whole body suddenly, making meridian differentiation difficult; Cold Jue involves pathogens that have already entered the Zang-Fu organs deeply, differing in pathological location. Therefore, "Cold Jue sudden death" refers to death following Jue induced by Cold, unlike the sudden death from Zhonghan, Zhongshu (Heat Strike), Zhonge (Poison Strike), or Zhongqi (Qi Strike). Each disease has a specific name established by ancients, which is not arbitrary! (Jianwen Lu)

Bupian (Supplement)
For Yang Jue, tonify Yin by strengthening the source of Water; for Yin Jue, tonify Yang by benefiting the origin of Fire. This differs from the Yin and Yang Jue in Shanghan. Shanghan Yang Jue uses methods to eliminate stale matter and generate new; Yin Jue uses Fuzi Lizhong Tang (Aconite and Ginger Decoction to Regulate the Middle). Ice and charcoal take different paths, determining life and death instantly. (Zhao's Medical Monograph)
Jue is a disease where Qi rebels upward from below; Jing (Spasm) describes the state of strong Wind. This syndrome generally results from daily deviation of Qi and Blood, leading to imbalance of Yin and Yang, resembling the ferocity of wind and thunder erupting from extreme depression. Generally, if vomiting is indicated, such as for Phlegm and Food obstructing the chest, use Genti San (Melon Seed Powder) and burnt salt to induce vomiting. If clearing and subduing is needed, such as for vigorous Yang Fire rising uncontrollably, use Yvü Nü Jian (Lady Yu's Decoction) and Longhui Wan (Dragon Ash Pill). If opening and descending is required, such as for Qi Jue or Bo Jue with sudden cessation of form and Qi, use Wumo Yin (Five Moths Drink) and Pu Huang Jiu (Polygonatum Wine). For turbid pathogens clouding the Spirit causing confusion and unconsciousness, use Niuhuang Zhibao Dan (Calculus Bovis Treasure Pill) and Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill). For Feishi Zujue (Flying Corpse Sudden Jue), first guide with sweet wine and apply acupuncture/moxibustion. If treating from deficiency, such as internal depletion causing Jue, use Dihuang Yinzi (Rehmannia Decoction) to secure the Lower Jiao. For Jian Jue caused by mental labor and Yang hyperactivity, use Renshen Guben Tang (Ginseng Root-Solidifying Decoction) added with Gold Leaf and Fangzhu Shui (Square Pearl Water) to strengthen Water and control Fire. For Xue Jue (Blood Jue) with Yang surging in collaterals, refer to Yin/Yang principles. For Se Jue (Color Jue) with Essence depletion below, urgently administer large doses to salvage Yuan Qi. For Shen Jue (Kidney Jue), follow Xu Xueshi's Jiaofu Tang (Pepper and Aconite Decoction) to unblock Yang. For Hui Jue (Roundworm Jue), follow Zhang Zhongjing's method to calm roundworms. Extreme Yang uses Yin-nourishing formulas; extreme Yin uses Yang-supporting formulas. This syndrome focuses primarily on the Liver, the General Officer, which easily interferes with other Zang organs. Once Liver Qi rebels, all Qi rebels; Qi rebellion generates Phlegm, Fire boils, Wind spins, confusing the Spirit and scattering the Soul. If attacking upwards, it damages Metal and melts fluids; use Maidong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction) and Qiongyu Gao (Jade Paste) to tonify Metal and soften constraints. If attacking the middle causing vomiting and distension, use Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) minus Atractylodes, adding Chaotou (Unripe Citron), Ginger, and Peony, plus Fuzi Jingmi Tang (Aconite and Rice Decoction) with Ginseng to tonify Stomach and soothe Liver. If affecting Heart and Spleen causing palpitations and wasting, use Ganmai Dazao Tang (Licorice, Wheat, and Jujube Decoction) combined with Longgu (Dragon Bone) and Muli (Oyster Shell) to relax urgency and anchor firmly. If involving Shaoyang power attacking the vertex and collaterals, use Lingjiao (Antelope Horn), Gouteng (Uncaria), Xuanshen (Scrophularia), and Lianqiao (Forsythia) to extinguish Wind and clear collaterals. If the organ itself is diseased with disharmony of substance and function, use Pepper, Sour Plum, Cinnamon Twig, and Peony to nourish substance and promote function. If due to Mother Zang deficiency disturbing the Child Zang position, use Sancai Tang (Three Capabilities Decoction) combined with Turtle Shell, Tortoise Shell, Magnetite, and Cinnabar, plus Maixue Maijin Tang (Pulse-Returning Decoction) reducing pungent flavors and adding Chicken Yolk to stabilize mother and child. For Wei Jue treatment, use animal and shellfish materials, converting decoctions to pastes, as their heavy flavor and potency fill gaps and stop Jue fastest. (Linzheng Zhinan)

Sudden death and collapse have many causes. If sudden collapse with clenched jaws, salivation, warm body, and deficient pulse occurs, it is Zhongfeng (Wind Stroke); distinguish true from false to treat. If abdominal pain, black forehead, contracted limbs, slow-deep pulse, and inability to breathe occur, it is Zhonghan (Cold Strike); use Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) and Sini Tang (Reverse the Extremity Decoction), plus moxibustion on Guanyuan. If underlying Yin deficiency,劳累 (labor) in summer heat, sudden collapse and unconsciousness occur, it is named Zhongshu (Summerheat Strike); use Shengmai San (Generate the Pulse Powder) plus Huoxiang (Patchouli). If sudden collapse with phlegm sounds occur, it is named Tan Jue (Phlegm Jue); use Liujunzi Tang plus Zhulü (Bamboo Juice) and Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice). If sudden dizziness and collapse while walking or standing, with no phlegm sounds and no external heat, it is Yin deficiency with sudden Yang cessation; use Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction). If sudden collapse after rage, with cold body and no saliva, it is named Qi Jue (Qi Jue); use Simo Yin (Four Moths Drink). If sudden death after eating, exposed to cold or anger, it is named Shi Jue (Food Jue); use Erchen Tang (Two Aged Decoction) to induce vomiting. If sudden death due to blood stasis in chest/heart from rage, it is named Xue Jue (Blood Jue); use blood-invigorating and stasis-dispelling methods. If sudden death from foul odors or miasma toxins, it is named Zhonge (Poison Strike); use vinegar-charcoal fumigation for the nose, followed by Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Patchouli and Magnolia Bark Powder) after waking. If sudden collapse after visiting a funeral temple, with red face and muteness, it is named Shi Jue (Corpse Jue); also use vinegar-charcoal fumigation and Suhexiang Wan. If sudden lower abdominal pain, testicular retraction, black face, rapid breathing, and cold sweat after sexual intercourse following recovery from Shanghan, it is named Tuoyuan (Loss of Origin); if sudden limb coldness and unconsciousness after severe vomiting/diarrhea, it is named Tuoyang (Loss of Yang); both require binding sliced green onion to the navel and applying heat with an iron, followed by infusion of Renshen Fuzi Jiangtang (Ginseng, Aconite, and Ginger Decoction). Deaths from sexual intercourse or nocturnal emission should be treated similarly; delay is fatal. ○ During intercourse, if saliva floods the heart causing sudden collapse, move to a warm room, sit upright, and fumigate with vinegar-charcoal to inhale vinegar vapor, which reduces saliva. Mild cases wake immediately; severe cases regain consciousness. Do not allow any liquid to enter the throat to prevent Phlegm from binding the Pericardium, which would cause permanent disability. For initial Jue, blow powdered raw Banxia (Pinellia), Xixin (Asarum), or Zaojiao (Gleditsia) into the nose; sneezing indicates treatability. (Zhengzhi Huibu)

For Zhongfeng, Zhongqi, Zhongshu, Zhonghan, and Bao Jue, do not recklessly disturb the Qi to cut it off. Neijing clearly states: If Qi returns, there is life. Disturbing the Qi prevents its return, causing many premature deaths. (Wang Shishan)

Internal stirring of Liver Wind causing Jue and unconsciousness responds well to high doses of Fushenmu (Poria with Pine Root). Although this disease belongs to internal Liver Wind stirring, it must attack the Heart, unsettling the Heart Sovereign. Fushen treats the Heart, while the pine root within belongs to the Liver. Using Wood to control Wood stabilizes Wind, calms the Heart, and stops Jue. (Shen Jin'ao)

Maihou (Pulse Diagnosis)
Cun pulse deep, large, and slippery indicates Excess syndromes like Tan-Qi-Shi Jue (Phlegm-Qi-Food Jue); Cun pulse faint, soft, and wiry indicates Deficiency syndromes like Yin-Yang Deficient Jue; Cun pulse varying in size indicates Shi Jue (Corpse Jue); Cun pulse deep, thin, and weak indicates Hui Jue (Roundworm Jue). (Zhengzhi Huibu)

Xuan'an (Selected Cases)
Bian Que passed through Guo State, where the Crown Prince had died. Bian Que went to the palace gate and asked a Zhongshuzi (Attendant) who favored medical arts: "What illness did the Crown Prince have?" He replied: "The Prince's Qi and Blood were out of harmony, intermingling without discharge. Bursting outward, it became a central harm. Spirit could not restrain the evil pathogen, which accumulated without discharge, causing Yang to slacken and Yin to tighten, hence sudden Jue death." Bian Que asked: "When did he die?" Reply: "From cockcrow until now." Bian Que: "Has he been buried?" Reply: "No." Bian Que: "I am Qin Yue Ren. Hearing of the Prince's unfortunate death, I can bring him back to life." The attendant said: "Surely you are joking? How can you say he can live?" Bian Que: "If you doubt me, go diagnose him. You will hear ear ringing and nasal flaring; touching his thighs down to the genitals, they will still be warm." The attendant was dazzled and tongue-tied. He reported to the ruler of Guo, then met Bian Que at the central gate, saying: "I have long admired your noble reputation. You passed our small state and fortunately saved him; we are very fortunate!" Bian Que said: "If the Prince's illness is indeed what is called Shi Jue (Corpse Collapse)." He sent his disciple Zi Yang to sharpen needles and stones to treat Waisan Yang Wuhui (Exterior Three Yang Five Meetings acupoints). After a short while, the Prince revived. He sent Zi Bao to prepare a five-part warming compress using Bajian Zhi Qi (Eight Reduction Formula) boiled and applied to both hypochondria. The Prince sat up. They balanced Yin and Yang, administered decoction for twenty days, and he recovered completely. Thus, the world considered Bian Que able to raise the dead. (Shiji)

Consort of Song Renzong, while eating, suddenly collapsed with cold limbs. Sun Shang Du was summoned. He reported: "This is Qi Jue; she will revive after vomiting." After a while, she indeed revived. The Emperor asked: "Why did she get this illness?" He replied: "The Consort was furious while eating. Qi rose and merged with food, causing Jue. Vomiting allowed Qi to flow, hence revival." (Chishui Xuanzhu)

A woman was ill for six or seven days, fainting repeatedly with slight deviation of mouth and eyes, and chest/epigastric distension and pain. Pulse: Left Guan deep and wiry; Right Guan pounding. Inquiry revealed symptoms started after eating wheat products, with chest/abdominal distension/pain, followed by fainting the next day, and no bowel movement since. This is Shi Jue (Food Jue). Use Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Shanzha (Hawthorn), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Banxia (Pinellia), Muxiang (Aucklandia), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Maiya (Malt), Weijiang (Baked Ginger), and Dahuang (Rhubarb). This expels retained food, relieves chest/distension, unblocks sinews/collaterals, and cures the symptoms. (Wu Tianshi)