枸杞叶∶味苦、平、涩、无毒。补虚羸，益精髓。谚云∶“去家千里勿食萝摩、枸杞。”
此则言强阳道，资阴气速疾也。
萝摩∶味甘、平。一名苦丸。无毒。其叶浓大，作藤，生摘之，有白汁出。人家多种，亦
可生啖，亦可蒸煮食之。补益与枸杞叶同。
瓜子∶味甘、平、寒、无毒。令人光泽，好颜色，益
气，不饥，久服轻身耐老；又除胸满心不乐；久食寒中。可作面脂。一名水芝，一名白瓜子，即
冬瓜人也。八月采。
白冬瓜∶味甘、微寒、无毒。除少腹水胀，利小便、止消渴。
凡瓜味甘、寒、滑、无毒。去渴，多食令阴下痒湿生疮，发黄胆。黄帝云∶“九月勿食被霜瓜，
向冬发寒热及温病。”初食时即令人欲吐也，食竟，心内作停水，不能自消，或为反胃。凡瓜入水
沉者，食之得冷病，终身不瘥。
越瓜∶味甘、平、无毒。不可多食，益肠胃。
胡瓜∶味甘、寒、有毒。不可多食，动寒热，多疟病，积瘀血热。
早青瓜∶味甘、寒、无毒。食之去热烦。不可久食，令人多忘。
冬葵子∶味甘、寒、无毒。主五脏六腑寒热羸瘦，破五淋，利小便；妇人乳难，血闭。久服
坚骨，长肌肉，轻身延年。十二月采叶，甘、寒、滑、无毒。宜脾，久食利胃气；其心伤人，百药
忌食心，心有毒。黄帝云∶“霜葵
陈者生食之，动五种流饮，饮盛则吐水。”凡葵菜和鲤鱼 食之害人。四季之月土王时，勿食生
葵菜，令人饮食不化，发宿病。
苋菜实∶味甘、寒、涩、无毒。主青盲，白HT 、明目；除邪气；利大小便，去寒热，杀蛔
虫。久服益气力，不饥，轻身。一名马苋，一名莫实，即马齿苋菜也。治反花疮。
小苋菜∶味甘、大寒、滑、无毒。可久食，益气力，除热。不可共鳖肉食，成鳖瘕；蕨菜亦成鳖瘕。
邪蒿∶味辛、温、涩、无毒。主胸膈中臭恶气，利肠胃。
苦菜∶味苦、大寒、滑、无毒。主五脏邪气，厌谷胃瘅，肠 ；大渴热中；暴疾∶恶疮。久
食安心、益气、聪察，少卧，轻身，耐老、耐饥寒。一名荼草，一名选，一名游冬。冬不死。四月上旬采。
荠菜∶味甘、温、涩、无毒。利肝气，和中；杀诸毒。其子∶主明目、目痛，泪出。其根∶
主目涩痛。
芜菁及芦菔菜∶味苦、冷、涩、无毒。利五脏，轻身益气，宜久食。芜菁子∶明目，九蒸暴，
疗黄胆，利小便。
久服神仙。根∶主消风热毒肿。不可多食，令人气胀。
菘菜∶味甘、温、涩、无毒。久食通利肠胃，除胸中烦，解消渴。本是蔓菁也，种之江南即
化为菘，亦如枳橘，所生土地随变。
芥菜∶味辛、温、无毒。归鼻。除肾邪；大破咳逆，下气；利九窍，明耳目，安中；
久食温中。又云∶寒中。其子；味辛，辛亦归鼻，有毒。主喉痹，去一切风毒肿。黄帝云∶“芥菜
不可共兔肉食，成恶邪病”。
苜蓿∶味苦、平、涩、无毒。安中，利人四体，可久食。
荏子∶味辛、温、无毒。主咳逆，下气，温中，补髓。其叶∶主调中，去臭气。九月采，
阴干用之。油亦可作油衣。
蓼实∶味辛、温、无毒。明目、温中；解肌，耐风寒；
下水气面目浮肿，却痈疽。其叶∶辛，归舌。治大小肠邪气；利中，益志。黄帝云∶“蓼食过多
有毒，发心痛。和生鱼食之令人脱气，阴核疼痛求死。妇人月事来，不用食蓼及蒜，喜为血淋、带
下。二月勿食蓼，伤人肾。”扁鹊云∶“蓼，久食令人寒热，损骨髓，杀丈夫阴气，少精”。
葱实∶味辛、温、无毒。宜肺。辛，归头。明目，补中
不足。其茎白∶平、滑、可作汤，主伤寒寒热，骨肉碎痛。能出汗；治中风，面目浮肿，喉痹不
通。安胎。杀桂。其青叶∶温、辛、归目。除肝中邪气，安中，利五脏；益目精；发黄胆，杀
百药毒。其根须∶平。主伤寒头痛。葱中涕及生葱汁∶平、滑。止尿血，解藜芦及桂毒。黄帝云∶食
生葱即啖蜜，变作下利。食烧葱并啖蜜，拥气而死。正月不得食生葱，令人面上起游风。
格葱∶味辛、微温、无毒。除瘴气恶毒。久食益胆气，强志。其子∶主泄精。
薤∶味苦、辛、温、滑、无毒。宜心，辛归骨。主金疮疮败，能生肌肉。轻身不饥，耐老。
菜芝也。除寒热，去水气，温中，散结气；利产妇病患。诸疮中风寒水肿，生捣敷之。KT 骨在咽不
下者，食之则去。黄帝云∶“薤不可共牛肉作羹食之，成瘕疾。韭亦然。十月、十一月、十二月、
勿食生薤，令人多涕唾”。
韭∶味辛、酸、温、涩、无毒。辛归心，宜肝。可久
食。安五脏，除胃中热。不利病患，其心腹有固冷者食之必加剧。其子∶主梦泄精，尿色白，根∶
煮汁以养发。黄帝云∶“霜韭冻不可生食，动宿饮，饮盛必吐水。五月勿食韭，损人滋味，令人乏
气力。二月、三月宜食韭，大益人心。”
白 荷∶味辛、微温、涩、无毒。主中蛊及疟病。捣汁服，二合日二。生根∶主诸疮。
菜∶味甘、苦、大寒、无毒。主时行壮热，解风热恶毒。
紫苏∶味辛、微温、无毒。下气，除寒中。其子尤
善。
鸡苏∶味辛、微温、涩、无毒。主吐血、下气。一名水苏。
罗勒∶味苦、辛、温、平、涩，无毒。消停水，散毒瓦斯。不可久食，涩荣卫诸气。
芜荑∶味辛、平、热、滑，无毒。主五内邪气，散皮
肤骨节中淫淫温行毒，去三虫，能化宿食不消，逐寸白，散腹中温温喘息。一名无姑，一名
。盛器物中甚辟水蛭，其气甚臭，此即山榆子作之。凡榆叶∶味甘、平、滑，无毒。主小儿痫，小
便不利，伤暑热困闷，煮汁冷服。生榆白皮∶味甘、冷、无毒。利小便，破五淋。花∶主小儿头疮。
胡荽子∶味酸、平，无毒。消谷，能复食味。叶不可久食，令人多忘。华佗云∶“胡荽菜，患
胡臭人，患口气臭， 齿人食之加剧；腹内患邪气者弥不得食，食之发宿病，金疮尤忌”。
海藻∶咸、寒、滑、无毒。主瘿瘤结气，散颈下鞭核痛者，肠内上下雷鸣，下十二水肿，
利小便，起男子阴气。
昆布∶味咸、寒、滑、无毒。下十二水肿，瘿瘤结气， 疮，破积聚。
茼蒿∶味辛、平，无毒。安心气，养脾胃。消痰饮。
白蒿∶味苦、辛、平，无毒。养五脏，补中益气，长毛发。久食不死，白兔食之仙。
吴葵∶一名蜀葵。味甘、微寒、滑、无毒。花∶定心气；叶∶除客热，利肠胃。不可久食，
钝人志性。若食之，被狗啮者，疮永不瘥。
藿∶味咸、寒、涩，无毒。宜肾，主大小便数，去烦热。
香薷∶味辛、微温。主霍乱，腹痛吐下；散水肿；烦心，去热。
甜瓠∶味甘、平、滑，无毒。主消渴、恶疮，鼻、口中肉烂痛。其叶∶味甘、平，主耐饥。扁
鹊云∶“患香港脚虚胀者，不得食之，其患永不除。”
∶味甘、寒、滑，无毒。主消渴、热痹。多食动痔病。
落葵∶味酸、寒、无毒。滑中、散热实，悦泽人面。一
名天葵，一名蘩露。
蘩蒌∶味酸、平、无毒。主积年恶疮、痔不愈者。五月五日日中采之，即名滋草，一名鸡
肠草，干之烧作焦灰用。扁鹊云∶“丈夫患恶疮，阴头及茎作疮脓烂，疼痛不可堪忍，久不瘥者，
以灰一分，蚯蚓新出屎泥二分，以少水和研，缓如煎饼面，以泥疮上，干则易之。禁酒、面、五辛
并热食等。”黄帝云∶“蘩蒌合 食之，发消渴病，令人多忘。”别有一种近水渠中温湿处，冬
生，其状类胡荽，亦名鸡肠菜，可以疗痔病，一名天胡荽。
蕺∶味辛、微温、有小毒。主蠼 尿疮。多食令人气喘，不利人脚，多食脚痛。
葫∶味辛、温，有毒。辛归五脏，散瘫疽，治 疮，除风邪，杀蛊毒瓦斯，独子者最良。黄帝云∶“
生葫合青鱼 食之，令人腹内生疮，肠中肿，又成疝瘕。多食生葫，行房伤肝气，令人面无色。四月、
八月勿食葫，伤人神，损胆气，令人喘悸，胁肋气急，口味多爽。”
小蒜∶味辛、温，无毒。辛归脾、肾。主霍乱，腹中不
安，消谷，理胃气，温中，除邪痹毒瓦斯。五月五日采，曝干。叶∶主心烦痛，解诸毒，小儿丹 。不可
久食，损人心力。黄帝云∶“食小蒜啖生鱼，令人夺气，阴核疼求死。三月勿食小蒜，伤人志性。”
茗叶∶味苦咸、酸、冷，无毒。可久食，令人有力，悦志，微动气。黄帝云∶“不可共韭食，令人
身重”。
蕃荷叶∶味苦、辛、温、无毒。可久食，却肾气，令人口气香 。主辟邪毒，除劳弊。形瘦疲倦者
不可久食，动消渴病。
苍耳子∶味苦，甘、温。叶∶味苦、辛，微寒、涩，有小毒。主风寒头痛，风湿痹、四肢
拘急挛痛；去恶肉死肌；膝痛、溪毒。久服益气，耳目聪明、强志、轻身。一名胡 、一名地葵、
一名 、一名常思。蜀人名羊负来，秦名苍耳，魏人名只刺。黄帝云∶“戴甲苍耳，不可共猪肉食，
害人；食甜粥，复以苍耳甲下之，成走注，又患两胁。
立秋后忌食之。”
食茱萸∶味辛、苦、大温、无毒。九月采，停陈久者良。其子闭口者有毒，不任用。止
痛下气，除咳逆，去五脏中寒冷，温中，诸冷实不消。其生白皮∶主中恶，腹痛，止齿疼。其根细
者∶去三虫，寸白。黄帝云∶“六月、七月勿食茱萸，伤神气，令人起伏气。”咽喉不通彻，贼
风中人，口僻不能语者，取茱萸一升，去黑子及合口者，好豉三升，二物以清酒和煮四、五沸，取汁，
冷，服半升，日三，得小汗瘥。虿螫人，嚼茱萸封上止。
蜀椒∶味辛，大热，有毒。主邪气，温中下气，留饮宿食；能使痛者痒，痒者痛。久食令人乏
气，失明。主咳逆；逐皮肤中寒冷；去死肌∶湿痹痛；心下冷气；除五脏六腑寒，
百骨节中积冷，温疟；大风汗自出者，止下利，散风邪。合口者害人，其中黑子有小毒，下水。仲
景云∶“熬用之。”黄帝云∶“十月勿食椒，损人心，伤血脉。”
干姜∶味辛、热、无毒。主胸中满，咳逆上气，温中；止漏血；出汗；逐风湿痹；肠 下利，
寒冷腹痛，中恶，霍乱，胀满，风邪诸毒，皮肤间结气；止唾血。生者尤良。
生姜∶味辛、微温、无毒。辛归五脏，主伤寒头
痛，去淡下气，通汗，除鼻中塞，咳逆上气，止呕吐，去胸膈上臭气，通神明。黄帝云∶“八月、九月
匆食姜，伤人神，损寿。”胡居士云∶“姜杀腹内长虫，久服令人少志少智，伤心性。”
堇葵∶味苦、平，无毒。久服除人心烦急，动痰冷，身重，多懈惰。
芸台。味辛、寒、无毒。主腰脚痹。若旧患腰脚痛者，不可食，必加剧。又治油肿丹毒。益胡臭解
禁之辈出五明经。其子主梦中泄精。与鬼交者。胡居士云∶“世人呼为寒菜甚辣”。胡臭人食之，
病加剧。陇西氐羌中多种食之。
竹笋。味甘、微寒、无毒。主消渴，利水道，益气力，可久食，患冷人食之心痛。
野苣。味苦、平、无毒。久服轻身少睡。黄帝云∶不可共蜜食之，作痔。白苣，味苦平，无毒，
益筋力。黄帝云∶不可共酪食，必作虫。
茴香菜∶味苦，辛微、寒涩、无毒。主霍乱，辟热除口气。臭肉和水煮，下少许，即无臭气。
故曰∶“茴香。”酱臭末中亦香。其子∶主蛇咬疮久不瘥，捣傅之。又治九种 。
蕈菜，味苦、寒、无毒。主小儿火丹诸毒肿，去暴热。
蓝菜∶味甘、平、无毒。久食大益肾，填髓脑，利五脏，调六腑。胡居士云∶“河东陇西羌胡
多种食之，汉地鲜有。”其叶∶长大浓，煮食甘美，经冬不死，春亦有英。其花黄，生角结子。子∶
甚治人多睡。
竹叶∶味苦、平、涩、无毒。主浸淫，疥瘙、疽痔、杀三虫，女人阴蚀。扁鹊云∶“煮汁与
小儿冷服，治蛔虫”。
芹菜∶味苦、酸、冷涩，无毒。益筋力，去伏热。治五种黄病，生捣绞汁冷服一升，日二。
黄帝云∶“五月五日勿食一切菜，发百病。凡一切菜，熟煮热食时病瘥；后食一切肉并蒜，食竟行房，
病发必死；时病瘥后未健，食生青菜者手足必青肿；时病瘥未健，食青菜竟行房，病更发必死。十月
勿食被霜菜，令人面上无光泽，目涩痛，又疟发心痛、腰疼、或致心疟，发时手足十指爪皆青，困痿。”
**Goji Leaf (Lycii Folium):** Bitter, neutral in nature, astringent in taste, non-toxic. It tonifies deficiency and emaciation, and benefits essence and marrow. The proverb says: "Do not eat *Metaplexis japonica* (Luomo) or Goji when traveling a thousand miles from home." This refers to its ability to strengthen sexual function and rapidly nourish Yin Qi.
***Metaplexis japonica* (Luomo):** Sweet, neutral in nature. Also known as *Kuwan*. Non-toxic. Its leaves are thick and large, growing as vines; when picked fresh, white juice exudes. It is widely cultivated and can be eaten raw or steamed/boiled. Its tonic effects are the same as Goji Leaf.
**Melon Seeds (Dongguazi / Benincasae Semen):** Sweet, neutral and cold in nature, non-toxic. It gives luster to the skin, improves complexion, benefits Qi, relieves hunger, and with long-term use, makes the body light and delays aging. It also removes chest fullness and dissatisfaction; however, long-term consumption damages Spleen Yang (causing Cold in the Middle Jiao). It can be used to make facial cosmetics. Also known as *Shuizhi*, *Baiguazi*, referring to the seeds of *Benincasa hispida* (Winter Melon). Harvested in August.
**White Winter Melon (Bai Donggua):** Sweet, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It resolves abdominal water distension, promotes urination, and relieves thirst (Xiaoke).
Generally, melons are sweet, cold, and slippery in nature, non-toxic. They relieve thirst, but excessive consumption causes genital itching, dampness, and sores, and may lead to jaundice. The Yellow Emperor said: "Do not eat melons frosted in September; in winter, this will trigger chills and fever or warm diseases." Eating them initially induces nausea; after eating, fluid retention occurs in the heart region that cannot self-digest, potentially leading to regurgitation. Melons that sink in water cause cold diseases if eaten, which are incurable lifelong conditions.
**Yue Gua:** Sweet, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Should not be eaten in excess; it benefits the stomach and intestines.
**Hu Gua (Cucumber):** Sweet, cold in nature, toxic. Should not be eaten in excess; it triggers alternating chills and fever, increases susceptibility to malaria, and accumulates blood stasis and heat.
**Early Green Melon:** Sweet, cold in nature, non-toxic. Eating it removes heat and irritability. Do not consume for long periods as it causes forgetfulness.
**Dong Kui Zi (Malvae Semen):** Sweet, cold in nature, non-toxic. It treats chills, fever, and emaciation of the five Zang and six Fu organs; breaks through five types of strangury (Wu Lin); promotes urination; treats difficult lactation and blood obstruction in women. Long-term use strengthens bones, grows muscle, lightens the body, and prolongs life. Leaves harvested in December are sweet, cold, slippery, and non-toxic. They benefit the Spleen; long-term consumption benefits Stomach Qi. However, the center of the leaf harms people; all herbs avoid using the center because it is toxic. The Yellow Emperor said: "Eating old frost-bitten Malva raw triggers the five types of flowing fluids; excessive fluid intake leads to vomiting water." Eating Malva with carp is harmful. During the Earth-wang periods of the four seasons, do not eat raw Malva, as it impedes digestion and triggers chronic diseases.
**Amaranth Seed (Xiancai Shi):** Sweet, cold and astringent in nature, non-toxic. It treats blindness (Qingmang), leukoma (Baimao), brightens eyes; expels evil Qi; promotes bowel and urinary movements; removes chills and fever; kills roundworms. Long-term use benefits strength, relieves hunger, and lightens the body. Also known as *Maxian*, *Moshi*, i.e., Purslane (*Portulaca oleracea*). It treats fungous ulcers.
**Small Amaranth:** Sweet, very cold and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Can be eaten long-term to benefit strength and remove heat. Do not eat with turtle meat, as it forms Turtle Mass (Bie Jia); Ferns also cause Turtle Mass.
**Xie Hao:** Pungent, warm and astringent in nature, non-toxic. It treats foul odors in the chest and diaphragm, and benefits the stomach and intestines.
**KuCai (Sonchus oleraceus):** Bitter, very cold and slippery in nature, non-toxic. It treats evil Qi in the five Zang organs, anorexia, gastric damp-heat, borborygmus; extreme thirst and internal heat; sudden illnesses; malignant sores. Long-term use calms the mind, benefits Qi, sharpens hearing and vision, reduces sleep needs, lightens the body, and enhances resistance to cold and hunger. Also known as *Tucǎo*, *Xuan*, *You Dong*. It survives winter. Harvested in early April.
**Jicai (Shepherd's Purse):** Sweet, warm and astringent in nature, non-toxic. It benefits Liver Qi, harmonizes the middle; kills various toxins. Its seeds treat dim vision, eye pain, and tearing. Its roots treat dry and painful eyes.
**Wujing and Lufu (Radish) Vegetables:** Bitter, cold and astringent in nature, non-toxic. They benefit the five Zang organs, lighten the body, and benefit Qi; suitable for long-term consumption. Wujing seeds brighten the eyes; after nine steamings and drying, they treat jaundice and promote urination. Long-term use makes one like an immortal. Roots treat wind-heat toxin swellings. Do not eat in excess as it causes Qi distension.
**Song Cai (Chinese Cabbage):** Sweet, warm and astringent in nature, non-toxic. Long-term consumption unblocks the stomach and intestines, removes chest vexation, and resolves thirst. Originally Turnip (*Manjing*), but when planted in Jiangnan, it transforms into Song Cai, similar to how Zhi and Ju change according to their growing land.
**Jie Cai (Mustard Greens):** Pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Nose Meridian. Expels Kidney evil; greatly resolves cough and Qi rebellion; descends Qi; benefits the nine orifices, brightens ears and eyes, stabilizes the middle; long-term consumption warms the middle. Alternatively, it is said to cool the middle. Its seeds are pungent; pungency enters the Nose Meridian and is toxic. It treats throat bi (obstruction), removing all wind-toxin swellings. The Yellow Emperor said: "Mustard greens must not be eaten with rabbit meat, or it forms evil evil disease."
**Medick (Muxu):** Bitter, neutral and astringent in nature, non-toxic. Stabilizes the middle, benefits the four limbs, and can be eaten long-term.
**Ren Zi (Perilla Seed):** Pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Treats cough and Qi rebellion, descends Qi, warms the middle, and supplements marrow. Its leaves treat middle-jiao regulation and remove foul odors. Harvested in September, dried in shade. Oil can also be used for waterproof clothing.
**Liao Shi (Polygonum Fruit):** Pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Brightens eyes, warms the middle; releases the muscle layer, resists wind-cold; drains water-Qi causing facial swelling, and counters carbuncles and sores. Its leaves are pungent and enter the Tongue Meridian. They treat evil Qi of the large and small intestines; benefit the middle, and enhance willpower. The Yellow Emperor said: "Excessive consumption of Polygonum is toxic, triggering heart pain. Eating it with raw fish causes Qi depletion and scrotal pain desiring death. Women during menstruation should avoid Polygonum and garlic, as they predispose to bloody strangury and leukorrhea. Do not eat Polygonum in February as it injures the Kidney." Bian Que said: "Long-term consumption of Polygonum causes alternating chills and fever, damages bone marrow, depletes male Yang Qi, and reduces sperm."
**Cong Shi (Scallion Bulb):** Pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Benefits the Lung. Pungent, enters the Head. Brightens eyes, supplements middle Qi deficiency. The white stem is neutral and slippery; can be made into soup to treat chills and fever of Shanghan, and fragmented bone/muscle pain. It induces sweating; treats Zhongfeng (wind-stroke), facial swelling, and throat obstruction. It calms the fetus. Counteracts Guizhi toxicity. The green leaves are warm and pungent, entering the Eye Meridian. They remove Liver evil Qi, stabilize the middle, benefit the five Zang; benefit eye essence; treat jaundice, and kill hundred-drug toxins. The root hairs are neutral. They treat Shanghan headache. The mucus of scallions and raw scallion juice are neutral and slippery. They stop hematuria, and counteract Lilü and Guizhi toxicity. The Yellow Emperor said: "Eating raw scallions followed by honey causes diarrhea. Eating roasted scallions followed by honey causes death due to Qi congestion. Do not eat raw scallions in January, as it causes migratory wind on the face."
**Ge Cong:** Pungent, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Removes miasma and evil toxins. Long-term consumption benefits Gallbladder Qi and strengthens will. Its seeds treat seminal emission.
**Xie (Welsh Onion/Bunching Onion):** Bitter and pungent, warm and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Benefits the Heart; pungent enters the Bone Meridian. Treats traumatic wounds and ulceration, promoting muscle regeneration. It lightens the body, prevents hunger, and delays aging. It is the "vegetable spirit." It removes chills and fever, drains water-Qi, warms the middle, dissipates stagnant Qi; benefits postpartum patients. For sores affected by wind-cold and edema, apply freshly crushed paste. If bone is stuck in the throat, eating it removes the obstruction. The Yellow Emperor said: "Xie must not be cooked with beef, or it forms mass disorders. Jiuyue (Garlic Chives) is the same. In October, November, and December, do not eat raw Xie, as it increases rhinorrhea and salivation."
**Jiuyue (Garlic Chives):** Pungent and sour, warm and astringent in nature, non-toxic. Pungent enters the Heart Meridian, benefits the Liver. Can be eaten long-term. Stabilizes the five Zang, removes heat in the Stomach. Not beneficial for patients; those with cold accumulation in the heart and abdomen will worsen. Its seeds treat nocturnal emissions and white urine. Roots boiled in water nourish hair. The Yellow Emperor said: "Frost-bitten Jiuyue must not be eaten raw, as it triggers retained fluids; excessive fluid intake leads to vomiting water. Do not eat Jiuyue in May as it impairs taste and causes fatigue. February and March are suitable for eating Jiuyue, greatly benefiting the human heart."
**Bai He (Lotus):** Pungent, slightly warm and astringent in nature, non-toxic. Treats Gu poisoning and malaria. Crush and take juice, 2 he per dose, twice daily. The rooted part treats various sores.
**Caizhi:** Sweet and bitter, very cold in nature, non-toxic. Treats epidemic high fever, resolves wind-heat evil toxins.
**Zisu (Perilla):** Pungent, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Descends Qi, removes middle-jiao cold. Its seeds are particularly effective.
**Jisu (Water Perilla):** Pungent, slightly warm and astringent in nature, non-toxic. Treats hematemesis, descends Qi. Also known as Shuisu.
**Luole (Basil):** Bitter and pungent, warm, neutral, and astringent in nature, non-toxic. Resolves fluid retention, disperses toxic vapors. Do not eat long-term as it stagnates Ying and Wei Qi.
**Wuyi:** Pungent, neutral, hot, and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Treats evil Qi in the five viscera, disperses tingling warmth/toxins in skin and joints, removes three parasites, digests retained food, drives out Taenia solium, and disperses wheezing in the abdomen. Also known as Wugu. Placed in containers, it repels leeches; it has a strong odor. This is made from Elm seeds. Generally, Elm leaves are sweet, neutral, slippery, and non-toxic. They treat pediatric epilepsy, difficult urination, summerheat exhaustion; boil juice and take cold. Raw Elm white bark is sweet and cold, non-toxic. Promotes urination, breaks five types of strangury. Flowers treat pediatric head sores.
**Husui Zi (Coriander Seed):** Sour, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Aids grain digestion, restores taste. Leaves should not be eaten long-term as they cause forgetfulness. Hua Tuo said: "Coriander exacerbates symptoms in those with bromhidrosis, halitosis, or dental caries. Those with internal evil Qi must not eat it, as it triggers chronic diseases; especially contraindicated in traumatic injuries."
**Haizao (Sargassum):** Salty, cold and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Treats goiter and stagnant Qi, dissipates neck masses and pain, intestinal rumbling, twelve types of edema, promotes urination, and stimulates male Yang Qi.
**Kunbu (Kelp):** Salty, cold and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Eliminates twelve types of edema, goiter and stagnant Qi, treats sores, breaks accumulations.
**Tonghao (Crown Daisy):** Pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Calms Heart Qi, nourishes Spleen and Stomach. Resolves phlegm-fluids.
**Bai Hao (Artemisia capillaris/Levisticum? Context suggests Mugwort relative):** Bitter and pungent, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Nourishes the five Zang, supplements middle Qi, promotes hair growth. Long-term consumption prevents death; white rabbits eating it become immortals.
**Wukui (Hollyhock):** Also known as Shukui. Sweet, slightly cold and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Flowers calm Heart Qi; leaves remove external heat, benefit intestines. Do not eat long-term as it dulls mental acuity. If eaten, dog bites will never heal.
**Huo (Legume Leaves):** Salty, cold and astringent in nature, non-toxic. Benefits the Kidney, treats frequent urination/defecation, removes irritability and heat.
**Xiangru (Elsholtzia):** Pungent, slightly warm. Treats Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), abdominal pain, vomiting/diarrhea; dissipates edema; calms irritability, removes heat.
**Tianhu (Sweet Gourd):** Sweet, neutral and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Treats Xiaoke, malignant sores, rotting pain in nose/mouth. Leaves are sweet and neutral, treating hunger resistance. Bian Que said: "Those with foot-leg qi and false distension must not eat it, or the condition will never resolve."
**[Missing Character/Generic Melon]:** Sweet, cold and slippery in nature, non-toxic. Treats Xiaoke and Heat Bi. Excessive consumption triggers hemorrhoids.
**Luokui (Malva Verticillata):** Sour, cold in nature, non-toxic. Slips the middle, dissipates heat, fills reality, beautifies the face. Also known as Tiankui, Fanlu.
**Fanlou (Stellaria media/Purslane?):** Sour, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Treats chronic malignant sores and non-healing hemorrhoids. Harvest at noon on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month; also called Zicao, Jichangcao. Dry and burn to ash. Bian Que said: "For men with malignant sores, pus and rotting on the glans and penis, unbearable pain, non-healing: mix one part ash with two parts fresh earthworm feces, add little water to form a pancake-batter consistency, apply to sore, change when dry. Avoid alcohol, wheat products, five pungents, and hot foods." The Yellow Emperor said: "Fanlou combined with [missing] triggers Xiaoke and causes forgetfulness." Another variety grows near water channels in warm/humid places, winters over, resembles Coriander, also called Jichangcai, treats hemorrhoids, also known as Tianhusui.
**Ji (Houttuynia/Fish Mint):** Pungent, slightly warm, slightly toxic. Treats QuNiao (earwig) sores. Excessive consumption causes asthma, hinders legs, causes leg pain.
**Hu (Garlic):** Pungent, warm, toxic. Pungent enters the five Zang, dissipates paralysis/carbuncles, treats [missing] sores, removes wind evil, kills Gu toxins. Single-clove garlic is best. The Yellow Emperor said: "Raw Garlic with Green Carp causes abdominal sores, intestinal swelling, and hernia. Excessive raw garlic consumption during intercourse injures Liver Qi, causing pallor. Do not eat Garlic in April/August; it injures Spirit, damages Gallbladder Qi, causes panting/palpitations, rib Qi urgency, and variable taste."
**Xiao Suan (Wild Garlic/Shallot):** Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Pungent enters Spleen and Kidney. Treats Huoluan, abdominal discomfort, aids digestion, regulates Stomach Qi, warms the middle, removes evil bi toxins. Harvested May 5th, dried. Leaves treat heart vexation/pain, detoxify, pediatric erysipelas. Do not eat long-term as it damages Heart power. The Yellow Emperor said: "Xiao Suan with raw fish causes Qi loss and scrotal pain desiring death. Do not eat Xiao Suan in March as it injures temperament."
**Ming Ye (Tea Leaves):** Bitter-salty, sour, cold in nature, non-toxic. Can be eaten long-term to provide strength, please the will, slightly move Qi. The Yellow Emperor said: "Do not eat with Jiuyue, as it causes heaviness of the body."
**Fanhe Ye (Lotus Leaf):** Bitter and pungent, warm in nature, non-toxic. Can be eaten long-term to drain Kidney Qi, improve breath odor. Treats evil toxin expulsion, relieves fatigue. Emaciated/fatigued persons should not eat long-term as it triggers Xiaoke.
**Canger Zi (Xanthium Fruit):** Bitter, sweet, warm in nature. Leaves: bitter, pungent, slightly cold, astringent, slightly toxic. Treats wind-cold headache, wind-damp Bi, limb spasm/pain; removes bad flesh/necrotic tissue; knee pain, stream toxins. Long-term use benefits Qi, brightens ears/eyes, strengthens will, lightens body. Also known as Hu..., Dikui, ..., Changsi. Shu people call it Yangfulai, Qin people Cang'er, Wei people Zici. The Yellow Emperor said: "Armored Cang'er must not be eaten with pork, harming people; eating sweet porridge then Cang'er armor causes 'walking injection' pain and bilateral rib pain. Avoid after Start of Autumn."
**Shi Zhuyu (Zanthoxylum):** Pungent, bitter, very warm, non-toxic. Harvested in September; aged is better. Closed-seed varieties are toxic and unusable. Stops pain, descends Qi, removes cough/rebellion, eliminates cold in five Zang, warms the middle, resolves cold-solidities. Fresh white bark treats evil invasion, abdominal pain, toothache. Fine roots remove three parasites and Taenia. The Yellow Emperor said: "Do not eat Zhuyu in June/July; it injures Spirit/Qi, causing Qi fluctuation." For throat obstruction, wind-strike, facial deviation/speech difficulty: take 1 sheng Zhuyu (remove black/closed seeds), 3 sheng good soybean paste, boil in clear wine 4-5 times, take juice, cool, drink 0.5 sheng, 3 times daily until slight sweat cures it. For scorpion stings, chew Zhuyu and apply to stop venom.
**Shu Jiao (Sichuan Pepper):** Pungent, very hot, toxic. Treats evil Qi, warms middle, descends Qi, retains fluids/food; causes pain to itch, itch to pain. Long-term use causes Qi deficiency and blindness. Treats cough/rebellion; drives cold from skin; removes dead flesh; damp-Bi pain; cold Qi under heart; removes cold from five Zang/six Fu, cold accumulation in bones/joints, warm malaria; stops diarrhea in wind-large sweating cases, disperses wind evil. Closed peppers harm people; black seeds inside are slightly toxic, promote urination. Zhang Zhongjing said: "Roast before use." The Yellow Emperor said: "Do not eat pepper in October; it injures Heart, damages blood vessels."
**Ganjiang (Dried Ginger):** Pungent, hot, non-toxic. Treats chest fullness, cough/Qi rebellion, warms middle; stops leakage bleeding; induces sweating; drives wind-damp Bi; borborygmus/diarrhea, cold abdominal pain, evil invasion, Huoluan, distension, wind-toxins, subcutaneous Qi stagnation; stops spitting blood. Raw is superior.
**Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger):** Pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. Pungent enters five Zang, treats Shanghan headache, descends Qi, induces sweating, removes nasal congestion, cough/Qi rebellion, stops vomiting, removes upper chest odor, opens orifices/spirit. The Yellow Emperor said: "Do not eat Ginger in Aug/Sep; injures Spirit, shortens life." Master Hu said: "Ginger kills intestinal worms; long-term use reduces wisdom/intellect, injures Heart-nature."
**Jinkui:** Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Long-term use removes Heart vexation, moves phlegm-cold, causes heaviness, lethargy.
**Yuntai (Rapeseed):** Pungent, cold, non-toxic. Treats waist/leg Bi. Old waist/leg pain patients must not eat, or it worsens. Treats oil-swelling/erysipelas. [Text corruption]. Seeds treat nocturnal emission. Intercourse with spirits. Master Hu said: "People call it cold vegetable, very spicy." Bromhidrosis patients eating it worsen. Widely eaten in Longxi Di/Qiang regions.
**Zhusun (Bamboo Shoot):** Sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. Treats Xiaoke, benefits water passages, benefits Qi, suitable for long-term use; cold-type patients eating it get heart pain.
**Yeju (Wild Lettuce):** Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Long-term use lightens body, reduces sleep. The Yellow Emperor said: "Do not eat with honey, causes hemorrhoids." White Ju is bitter-neutral, non-toxic, benefits sinews. The Yellow Emperor said: "Do not eat with dairy, causes worms."
**Huixiang (Fennel):** Bitter, slightly pungent, cold-astringent, non-toxic. Treats Huoluan, dispels heat/removes breath odor. Boiling smelly meat with a little fennel removes odor. Hence "Huixiang". Also fragrant in spoiled sauce powder. Seeds treat non-healing snakebite sores (apply paste). Treats nine types of [missing].
**Xuncai (Mushroom):** Bitter, cold, non-toxic. Treats pediatric fire-dan and toxin swellings, removes acute heat.
**Lancai (Isatis Leaf):** Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Long-term use greatly benefits Kidney, fills marrow/brain, benefits five Zang, regulates six Fu. Master Hu said: "Widely eaten in Hedong/Longxi Qiang/Hu regions, rare in Han lands." Leaves are large/thick, delicious boiled, survive winter, flower in spring. Yellow flowers, pod fruits. Seeds treat excessive sleepiness.
**Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf):** Bitter, neutral, astringent, non-toxic. Treats spreading sores, scabies, carbuncles/hemorrhoids, kills three parasites, female genital erosion. Bian Que said: "Boil juice, give cold to children to treat roundworms."
**Qincai (Celery):** Bitter, sour, cold-astringent, non-toxic. Benefits sinews, removes latent heat. Treats five types of jaundice; crush raw, take 1 sheng cold juice, twice daily. The Yellow Emperor said: "On May 5th, do not eat any vegetables, as it triggers hundred diseases. When recovering from seasonal illness, eat cooked hot vegetables; afterwards, eating meat/garlic and having intercourse causes fatal disease recurrence. If not fully recovered, eating raw greens causes blue/swollen hands/feet. If not recovered, eating greens then intercourse causes fatal recurrence. In October, do not eat frosted vegetables; they cause dull face, dry/painful eyes, malaria with heart/waist pain, or heart-malaria where fingers/nails turn blue, leading to wasting."