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*Suwen: Yi Fa Fang Yi Lun* (Treatise on Different Methods and Appropriate Therapies According to Regions) records: Those living in the wild, whose diet consists mainly of milk products, are prone to coldness in the internal organs leading to distension and fullness syndromes. The appropriate treatment for such conditions is moxibustion; thus, moxibustion also originated from the North. Wang Bing (Wang Taipu) annotated: Because water freezes and ice is biting cold, diseases arise from coldness in the internal organs. Burning mugwort with fire on the skin is called moxibustion. *Suwen: Yu Ji Zhen Zang Lun* (Treatise on the True Viscera from the Jade Machine) records: If there is Bi syndrome causing numbness, swelling, and pain, at this time, one can use hot compresses, fire moxibustion, and acupuncture to eliminate the pathogen. It further states: If tendons and vessels are pulled and become acute and painful, moxibustion and herbal medicine can be used. There are countless mentions of moxibustion in *Suwen*.

Moxibustion methods are divided into tonification (Bu) and sedation (Xie). For tonification using fire, do not blow on the fire; let it extinguish naturally. For sedation using fire, blow quickly on the fire and open the acupoint. When using fire, it is suitable to use wicks soaked in pure hemp seed oil or plain candle wax flames. Regarding the use of mugwort leaves, it is best to harvest and dry them on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month; aged mugwort is superior. Place the mugwort in a mortar, pound it finely, sieve out dust and debris, then pound again until only white fluff remains. It must be extremely dry so that it ignites easily upon contact with fire. Moxa balls vary in size: small moxa cones are used for the head and face, while larger ones, the size of chopsticks, are used for the chest, abdomen, hands, and feet. For children over one year old, moxa cones the size of sparrow droppings are sufficient. As for the number of moxa cones (Zhuang), moxibustion on the head and neck should stop at seven cones, accumulating up to 49 cones (7x7). Accumulating up to 100 or 50 cones is the method of Cao Shi. Why must it be like Bian Que, who applied hundreds or even thousands of cones?

When selecting acupoints, if points are marked while sitting, moxibustion should be performed while sitting; if marked while lying down, perform it while lying down; if marked while standing, perform it while standing. Keeping the four limbs upright is essential. Any slight tilting will merely damage healthy flesh. Post-moxibustion care: Do not drink tea, as it may dissipate the heat energy; do not eat rice immediately, as it may obstruct the flow of Qi in the meridians. Rest quietly indoors for one or two hours, calm the mind and regulate the breath. Strictly avoid sexual activity, rich flavors, extreme anger, excessive labor, extreme hunger, or overeating, lest phlegm-fluids be generated and disease Qi be blocked, causing harm due to moxibustion. These are precautions necessary in moxibustion therapy.

1. Moxibustion at Chize (LU-5). Chize is located in the depression between the tendon and bone at the transverse cubital crease, where the artery pulses. Flex the elbow to locate it. Apply seven cones. Treats slow convulsive wind in children. (*Anmo Jing*)

2. Moxibustion at Changqiang (GV-1). Changqiang is the divergent vessel of the Du Meridian, located at the end of the vertebral column, three fen away. Locate it while the patient is prostrate. It is the meeting point of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian and Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. Apply thirty cones. Treats epilepsy and abdominal masses in children. (*Anmo Jing*)

3. Moxibustion at Shenting (GV-24). Shenting is located five fen inside the hairline, directly above the nose. It is the meeting point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian and Du Meridian. Apply seven cones. Treats epilepsy and convulsive wind in children. (*Anmo Jing*)

4. Moxibustion at Shaoshang (LU-11). Shaoshang is located at the corner of the thumbnail, about the width of a leek leaf. Apply seven cones. Treats the five types of epilepsy. (Zhou Yufan)

5. Moxibustion at both sides of the lower border of the eleventh thoracic vertebra, each one inch five fen apart. Apply seven cones. Treats hypochondriac fullness, inability to control the four limbs, accumulations and masses, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite in children. Also treats malaria, chills and fever, and jaundice. (*Anmo Jing*)

6. Moxibustion in the depression three cun above the coccyx (Wei Lian Gu). Treats pediatric malnutrition (Gan syndrome) and emaciation when other prescriptions fail. It is advisable to bathe the child in boiling water infused with poplar leaves during the "Sanfu" days (the hottest period of summer). Perform moxibustion at noon. Wipe the area with silk after moxibustion; if parasite worms appear with the sweat, it indicates efficacy. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*, text implies missing citation context)

7. Moxibustion at Zhangmen (LR-13). Located lateral to Dahan (SP-15), directly at the end of the costal margin, two cun above the umbilicus, six cun lateral to the midline. The patient lies on their side, flexing the upper leg and extending the lower leg. Alternatively, some say the tip of the elbow is the location. Apply seven cones. Treats emaciation, abdominal distension, limb flaccidity, and inability to raise shoulders and arms in children. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

8. Moxibustion at Zhongting (CV-11). Located in the depression one cun six fen below Danzhong (CV-17). Apply three cones. Treats infant regurgitation/vomiting milk. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

9. Moxibustion at Guiwei (EX-B7). (See acupoint note above.) Apply one cone. Treats rectal prolapse and bloody stool, especially if late autumn moxibustion was ineffective. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

10. Moxibustion at Qizhong (CV-8), three cones. According to *Qianjin Fang*, the number of cones corresponds to the patient's age. Also treats rectal prolapse. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

11. Moxibustion at Baihui (GV-20). Located in the center of the vertex, within the whorl of hair, capable of holding a bean, directly opposite the line connecting the tips of both ears. Apply seven cones. Treats stroke-induced opisthotonos and salivation... [Text cuts off]

12. Moxibustion at the Guiku Acupoint. Bind the patient's two thumbs together. Apply moxa cones to the four sites at the corners of the thumbnails and the fleshy junction behind them. The patient will reportedly plead to leave, which indicates efficacy. This treats disorders attributed to demonic influence or Huo-Huo syndrome. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

13. Moxibustion on the medial side of the big toes of both feet, about the width of a leek leaf from the nail. Treats sudden death, abrupt collapse, and sleep paralysis ("ghost pressing"). (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

14. Moxibustion at the Jinggong Acupoint, located three cun lateral to the lower border of the fourteenth thoracic vertebra. Apply seven cones. Specifically treats nocturnal emission. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

15. Moxibustion at the Guiyan Acupoint. Ask the patient to raise their arms upward and turn slightly backward; two depressions will appear on the waist. Mark them with ink. Perform moxibustion at the Hai hour (9 PM–11 PM) on the Guihai night in the sixth lunar month, without others knowing. Specifically treats tuberculosis parasites (Lao Chong). Alternatively, Sihua, Gaohuang, or Feishu acupoints may be used. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

16. Moxibustion at three and a half cun lateral to the lower border of the thirteenth thoracic vertebra. Treats epigastric masses (Pi Kuai). Moxa the left side more frequently; if present on both sides, treat both. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

17. Moxibustion at the bifurcation of the second toe of the foot, five to seven cones. Treats patients with masses. Treat the contralateral side: left lesion on right, right lesion on left. After moxibustion, the abdominal... [Text cuts off]

18. Moxibustion at the Zhoujian (Elbow Tip) acupoint. Treats scrofula (Luo Li). Treat the contralateral side: left lesion on right, right lesion on left. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

19. Moxibustion three cun behind the nipple, or on the big toes. Men: left side; Women: right side. Treats corpse transmission (Shi Zhu), adverse influences (Ke Wu), and evil invasion (Zhong E). (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

20. Moxibustion in the depression at the middle joint of the dorsal aspect of the middle finger of both hands, seven cones. Treats skin tags and various nevi. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

21. Moxibustion in the webbing between the thumbs of both hands, or one and a half cun above the second toe. Treats swelling and fullness. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

22. For treating hydrocele (Pian Zhui), use a strand of HT Xin [likely a typo for red thread/cord], measuring the distance between the patient's mouth corners. Fold it into three segments forming a triangle shape. Place one apex on the umbilicus and the other two on both sides below the umbilicus; the tips indicate the acupoints. Treat the contralateral side: left lesion on right, right lesion on left. If bilateral, treat both. Use moxa cones the size of millet seeds... [Text cuts off]

23. Moxibustion at the midpoint of the transverse crease of the middle phalanx between the first and second toes of the foot, forty cones. Treats hernia pain, heart pain, and acute lower abdominal pain. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*)

Commentary: Many diseases are suitable for moxibustion; I have briefly listed a few commonly used ones here. However, among them, some are indicated for moxibustion while others are contraindicated. (*Zhen Jiu Da Cheng*) This book must be read. Ancient moxibustion involved placing moxa directly on the skin and igniting it, causing burns akin to branding, which frightened patients. A superior modern method involves slicing fresh ginger, warming it with ignited moxa, placing it on the acupoint, and removing the ginger and moxa as soon as burning pain is felt, thereby avoiding severe suffering. This approach follows ancient sages and is widely adopted today. (Ti Li Zi)