发斑者，火毒炽甚，血被熬煎，当以紫草、红花、石膏等味，凉血清火为主。亦有
初热时为风寒所搏，而成瘾疹，似斑非斑，治宜疏解，其瘾自退。若误为真斑，而用寒凉，
以致水泻不止，元气下陷，不能透表，危亡立至，可不慎诸？
疹如云暗者，上有大片红肿者，大片红肿之间，又有小颗粒于其上，皆由火盛所致，
重用寒凉之药，不可迟缓。如身上一片红暗，
与皮内一片并样，此症只可发散。若发散后仍如此者，不治。
疹色之美恶，与痘无异，红活滋润者吉。有一样色淡而润，是无内症，其疹最清。若
淡而不润，或干燥，或嫩艳，此不正之色。火毒盛伏，当清火解毒为要。又有一样深红者，
其色红而且重，是血热，宜清散之。又有一种艳红者，其色如胭脂，是血热，其内必有
火，火遇火必发毒，大用寒凉，以先制其焰，否则狂躁喘急立至。又有一种干红者，如纸
之矾于红，滞而不活，内有伏火，血受其瘀，颗粒必大，嗽而必喘，急用攻破。又有一种
色紫者，是热极将瘀，急破血以凉之，若带艳则重甚矣。又有一种色黯者，其症较紫更
重，初出急破，迟则难救，若半靥色黯者无妨。又有一种其色白者，血瘀之极，此是内
症，急破其瘀，迟则倒靥面白，故须山楂、丹皮、红花、大黄、生地、桃仁等剂，如匀净
无内症，身不热，不咳嗽，是血不足而无火，不必多治，宜审之。
Fa Ban (Macules/Purpura) arises from excessive fire-toxin, where the blood is scorched and congealed. Treatment should primarily focus on cooling the blood and clearing fire using herbs such as Zicao (Arnebiae Radix), Honghua (Carthami Flos), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). In some cases, during the initial fever stage, wind-cold pathogens may contend with the body's defensive qi, resulting in Yin Zhen (urticaria/wheals) that resemble macules but are not true ones. The treatment should involve dispersing and resolving the exterior, after which the wheals will subside naturally. If mistakenly diagnosed as true macules and treated with cold-cooling herbs, it may lead to incessant watery diarrhea, sinking of the primordial Qi, failure to vent the pathogen to the surface, and imminent danger or death. Can one not be cautious?
When the rash appears dark like clouds, with large patches of redness and swelling above, and small granular eruptions within these patches, this is caused by excessive fire. Heavy use of cold-cooling herbs is required without delay. If the body presents a uniform patch of dull redness consistent with the underlying skin color, only dispersing methods are applicable. If the condition persists after dispersing, it is incurable.
The auspicious or inauspicious nature of the rash color is no different from that of variola (smallpox). A color that is red, vibrant, and moist is auspicious. There is a type that is pale yet moist, indicating no internal pathology, representing the clearest form of rash. If the color is pale but not moist, or if it is dry, or tenderly bright, this is an aberrant color. It indicates deeply seated fire-toxin, requiring clearing fire and detoxification as the priority. Another type is deep red; the color is red and heavy, indicating blood-heat, which should be treated with clearing and dispersing methods. Another type is brightly red, resembling carmine, indicating blood-heat with internal fire. Fire encountering fire must trigger toxin eruption; thus, heavy use of cold-cooling herbs is needed to suppress the flame first, otherwise, mania, restlessness, panting, and urgency will arise immediately. Another type is dry red, resembling paper dyed red and fixed with alum, appearing stagnant and lacking vitality. This indicates latent fire inside, causing blood stasis. The granules will necessarily be large, accompanied by cough and inevitable panting, requiring urgent use of breaking and attacking agents. Another type is purple, indicating extreme heat about to cause stasis; urgent blood-breaking and cooling are required. If it carries a bright hue, the condition is even more severe. Another type is dark/dull black, indicating symptoms more severe than purple. Urgent blood-breaking is required upon initial appearance; delay makes rescue difficult. However, if the color is dark during the half-crusted stage, it is harmless. Another type is white, indicating extreme blood stasis, which is an internal pathology. Urgent removal of stasis is required; delay leads to inverted crusts and pale face. Therefore, formulas containing Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Danpi (Moutan Cortex), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), and Taoren (Persicae Semen) should be used. If the rash is uniform and clean without internal pathology, the body is not hot, and there is no cough, this indicates blood deficiency without fire, requiring little treatment. Careful examination is necessary.