论曰人一日一夜，凡一万三千五百息呼随阳出，气于是升，吸随阴入。气于是降。一升
一降，阴阳交通，气乃亨融，所谓上气者，盖气上而不下，升而不降，痞满膈中。胸背相引
，气道奔迫，喘息有声者是也，本于肺脏之虚。复感风邪，肺胀叶举，诸脏之气又上冲而壅
遏。此所以有上气之候也。
治上气乏急。地黄煎方
生地黄（汁一升半） 生姜（汁半升） 白蜜（一斤） 牛酥（半升） 杏仁（汤去皮
尖双仁炒研二两半） 紫苏子（研令细二两） 甘草（炙锉一两半） 贝母（去心炒黄二两）
赤茯苓（去黑皮） 紫菀（去苗土洗焙
上一十一味。先捣后五味为细末，以水四升半，煎取二升，去滓入紫苏子地黄汁生姜汁
净滤，同白蜜牛酥。铜器中重汤煎。搅勿住手，候如稀饧，以干器贮之。时含一匙。细细咽
汁，常令喉中药不绝。
治上气及诸气逆。神验白前汤方
白前（去苗三分） 半夏（汤洗去滑生姜汁制切焙一两） 紫菀（土苗去焙干三分） 麻
黄（去根节一两） 浓朴（去粗皮涂生姜汁炙三度焙干） 人参（各三分） 甘草（炙锉半
两） 桂（去粗皮） 杏仁汤（去皮尖双仁炒各三分）
上九味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，生姜半分拍碎，枣二枚劈。水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓温
服日三。
治上气脉沉。泽漆汤方
泽漆（去根半两） 半夏（汤洗去滑生姜汁制焙干） 紫菀（去苗土焙） 白前（去苗
各三分） 甘草（炙
上八味粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，入生姜半分拍碎，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓温服日三。
治上气咽中不利，款冬花汤方
款冬花（去梗二两） 麻黄（去根节三两） 五味子（炒） 半夏（汤洗去滑生姜汁制
焙干各二两）
上七味粗捣筛，每服三钱，生姜半分，枣二枚劈，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓温服。日三
夜一。
治上气喘急。诃黎勒汤方
诃黎勒皮（半两） 五味子（炒一两） 麻黄（去根节） 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁炒各
半两） 甘草（炙锉
上五味，粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，水一盏，入生姜三片，煎至六分，去滓热服，不计时候
治上气不得息。喉咽不利，沃雪汤方
麻黄（去根节二两） 细辛（去苗叶一两） 五味子（微炒二两） 桂（去粗皮一两） 半
夏（汤洗去滑生
上五味粗筛捣，每服三钱匕，生姜一枣大拍破，水一盏半，煎至七分，去滓温服。日三
治上气倚息，不得卧，荜茇丸方
荜茇 昆布（洗炒干） 吴茱萸（汤洗焙微炒） 葶苈（隔纸炒紫色） 杏仁（汤去皮
尖双仁炒研细各
上五味，先捣前四味。罗为细末，与杏仁同研令匀，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，空腹粥饮
下五丸，稍加至十丸。
治上气喘急马兜铃散方
马兜铃根（一两） 木香 楝实（微炮各三分）
上三味捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，浓煎乌梅蜜汤调下。食后临卧服。
治积年上气，服药不瘥，旋复花丸方
旋复花去梗焙一两 皂荚炙去皮子一两一分 大黄锉炒一两半
上三味，捣罗为细末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服十丸至十五丸，温汤下，日三服。
治上气喘促，涕唾稠粘，久不瘥。款气丸方
防己 甜葶苈（隔纸炒各半两） 黑牵牛（炒香热一两）
上三味，捣罗为细末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，食后临卧，浓煎桑白皮汤
下。
治上气喘急。心胸满闷，降气散方
青橘皮（汤浸去白焙半两） 巴豆（十四枚）
上二味，同一处炒，令巴豆焦赤，取青橘皮捣为细末，巴豆不用，每服一钱匕，浓煎丁
香汤调下。不计时候，量虚实加减服。
治上气，酥蒜煎方
酥（半升） 蒜（三颗去皮）
上二味。先以酥煎蒜。令蒜色黄，去蒜别入生姜汁拌合。同煎使熟。空腹取半合温服之，
日三。
治上气喘急。双仁丸方
桃仁 杏仁（并去双仁皮尖炒各半两）
上二味细研，水调生面少许和丸，如梧桐子大，每服十丸，生姜汤下，微利为度。
Discourse states: In one day and night, a person breathes 13,500 times. Exhalation follows Yang Qi (Yang energy) to exit, causing Qi to ascend; inhalation follows Yin Qi (Yin energy) to enter, causing Qi to descend. One ascent and one descent allow the Yin and Yang energies to communicate, so that Qi flows smoothly and harmoniously. The condition referred to as "Shang Qi" (Rebellious Qi / Asthma) refers to Qi rebelling upward instead of descending, ascending without descending, resulting in stuffiness and fullness in the chest and diaphragm, pulling pain between the chest and back, rushing and urgency in the airway, and audible wheezing. Its root lies in the deficiency of the Lung Zang (Lung organ), compounded by external contraction of Wind Pathogen (Wind evil). This causes Lung Qi distension and elevation of the lung lobes, while Qi from other Zang organs also rushes upward and becomes stagnant and obstructed. This is why the symptoms of Shang Qi occur.
Formula for Di Huang Jian (Rehmannia Decoction) to treat urgent Shang Qi:
Sheng Di Huang (Fresh Rehmanniae Radix, juice 1.5 sheng), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma, juice 0.5 sheng), Bai Mi (White Honey, 1 jin), Niu Su (Cow Butter/Ghee, 0.5 sheng), Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca Seed, blanched, peeled, cleft kernels, fried and ground, 2.5 liang), Zi Su Zi (Perillae Fructus, ground fine, 2 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, processed with honey and cut, 1.5 liang), Bei Mu (Fritillariae Bulbus, heart removed, fried until yellow, 2 liang), Chi Fu Ling (Poria Cocos with Red Skin, black skin removed), Zi Wan (Asteris Radix, stems and soil removed, washed and dried).
The above eleven ingredients. First, pound the last five ingredients into a fine powder. Add 4.5 sheng of water, decoct to obtain 2 sheng, filter out the dregs. Add Zi Su Zi juice, Sheng Di Huang juice, and Sheng Jiang juice, filter again. Combine with Bai Mi and Niu Su. Simmer in a copper vessel over a double boiler. Stir constantly until the consistency resembles thin syrup. Store in a dry container. Take one spoonful at a time, swallow the juice slowly, ensuring the throat is continuously moistened by the medicine.
Formula for Shen Yan Bai Qian Tang (Miraculous White Antennaria Decoction) to treat Shang Qi and various rebellious Qi:
Bai Qian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Caulis, stems removed, 3 qian), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed in hot water to remove slipperiness, processed with Sheng Jiang juice, cut and dried, 1 liang), Zi Wan (Asteris Radix, soil and stems removed, dried, 3 qian), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed, 1 liang), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, coarse bark removed, coated with Sheng Jiang juice, roasted three times, dried), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 3 qian each), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, processed with honey and cut, 0.5 liang), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, coarse bark removed), Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca Seed, blanched, peeled, cleft kernels, fried, 3 qian each).
The above nine ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Each dose is 5 qian bi (spoonfuls), with 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang smashed, and 2 Jujubae Fructus split. Add 2 zhan of water, decoct to 1 zhan, filter out dregs, and take warm. Three times daily.
Formula for Ze Qi Tang (Phytolaccae Decoction) to treat Shang Qi with deep pulse:
Ze Qi (Phytolaccae Radix, roots removed, 0.5 liang), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed in hot water to remove slipperiness, processed with Sheng Jiang juice and dried), Zi Wan (Asteris Radix, stems and soil removed, dried), Bai Qian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Caulis, stems removed, 3 qian each), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, processed with honey).
The above eight ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Each dose is 5 qian bi, with 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang smashed. Add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct to 1 zhan, filter out dregs, and take warm. Three times daily.
Formula for Kuan Dong Hua Tang (Coltsfoot Flower Decoction) to treat Shang Qi with difficulty in the throat:
Kuan Dong Hua (Farfarae Flos, stalks removed, 2 liang), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed, 3 liang), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, fried), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed in hot water to remove slipperiness, processed with Sheng Jiang juice and dried, 2 liang each).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Each dose is 3 qian, with 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang and 2 Jujubae Fructus split. Add 1 zhan of water, decoct to 0.7 zhan, filter out dregs, and take warm. Three times daily, once at night.
Formula for He Li Le Tang (Chebulae Fructus Decoction) to treat urgent Shang Qi:
He Li Le Pi (Terminalia Chebulae Pericarpium, 0.5 liang), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, fried, 1 liang), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed), Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca Seed, soaked in hot water, peeled, cleft kernels, fried, 0.5 liang each), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, processed with honey and cut).
The above five ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Each dose is 2 qian bi, with 1 zhan of water and 3 slices of Sheng Jiang. Decoct to 0.6 zhan, filter out dregs, and take hot. No specific timing required.
Formula for Wo Xue Tang (Snow-Watering Decoction) to treat Shang Qi with dyspnea and throat discomfort:
Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed, 2 liang), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, stems and leaves removed, 1 liang), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, slightly fried, 2 liang), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, coarse bark removed, 1 liang), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed in hot water to remove slipperiness, raw).
The above five ingredients. Coarsely crush and sift. Each dose is 3 qian bi, with a piece of Sheng Jiang the size of a jujube smashed. Add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct to 0.7 zhan, filter out dregs, and take warm. Three times daily.
Formula for Bi Bo Wan (Long Pepper Pills) to treat Shang Qi requiring leaning to breathe and inability to lie flat:
Bi Bo (Long Pepper Fruit), Kun Bu (Laminaria Thallus, washed, fried, dried), Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, washed in hot water, dried, slightly fried), Ting Li (Lepidii Semen, fried on paper until purple), Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca Seed, blanched, peeled, cleft kernels, fried and ground fine, appropriate amounts).
The above five ingredients. First, pound the first four ingredients, sieve into a fine powder, and mix evenly with the ground Xing Ren. Blend with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 5 pills with porridge drink on an empty stomach, gradually increasing to 10 pills.
Formula for Ma Dou Ling San (Dutchmanspipe Root Powder) to treat urgent Shang Qi:
Ma Dou Ling Gen (Aristolochiae Radix, 1 liang), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Lian Shi (Meliae Fructus, slightly roasted, 3 qian each).
The above three ingredients. Pound and sieve into a powder. Each dose is 2 qian bi, taken with thickly decocted Wumei (Mume Fructus) and honey water. Take after meals and before bed.
Formula for Xuan Fu Hua Wan (Inula Flower Pills) to treat chronic Shang Qi unresponsive to medication:
Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae Flos, stalks removed, dried, 1 liang), Zao Jiao (Gleditsiae Sinensis Spina, processed, peeled, seeds removed, 1.1 liang), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, cut and fried, 1.5 liang).
The above three ingredients. Pound and sieve into a fine powder. Blend with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Each dose is 10 to 15 pills, taken with warm water. Three times daily.
Formula for Kuan Qi Wan (Breath-Calming Pills) to treat Shang Qi with rapid breathing, thick sputum, and chronic non-healing:
Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Tian Ting Li (Semen Lepidii Preparatum, fried on paper, 0.5 liang each), Hei Qian Niu (Semen Pharbitidis, fried until fragrant and hot, 1 liang).
The above three ingredients. Pound and sieve into a fine powder. Blend with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Each dose is 20 pills, taken after meals and before bed with thickly decocted Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex) water.
Formula for Jiang Qi San (Qi-Descending Powder) to treat Shang Qi with rapid breathing and chest/heart fullness:
Qing Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried, 0.5 liang), Ba Dou (Crotonis Fructus, 14 seeds).
The above two ingredients. Fry together until Ba Dou turns scorched red. Remove Qing Ju Pi, pound into a fine powder, discarding the Ba Dou. Each dose is 1 qian bi, taken with thickly decocted Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos) water. No specific timing; adjust dosage according to deficiency or excess.
Formula for Su Suan Jian (Butter-Garlic Decoction) to treat Shang Qi:
Su (Butter/Ghee, 0.5 sheng), Suan (Garlic Bulb, 3 cloves, peeled).
The above two ingredients. First, fry the garlic in butter until the garlic turns yellow. Remove the garlic. Add Sheng Jiang juice separately and mix. Simmer until cooked. Take 0.5 he of warm decoction on an empty stomach, three times daily.
Formula for Shuang Ren Wan (Double-Kernel Pills) to treat urgent Shang Qi:
Tao Ren (Persicae Semen), Xing Ren (Prunus armeniaca Seed, both peeled, cleft kernels removed, fried, 0.5 liang each).
The above two ingredients. Grind finely. Mix with a small amount of raw flour and water to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Each dose is 10 pills, taken with Sheng Jiang (Ginger) water. Stop when mild diarrhea occurs.