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Commentary states: In the human eye, the tear ducts belong to the Liver (Gan), the white of the eye (Bai Jing) belongs to the Lung (Fei), the red vessels (Chi Mai) belong to the Heart (Xin), the four whites (Si Bai, referring to the eyelids) belong to the Spleen (Pi), and the pupil (Tong Ren) belongs to the Kidney (Shen). Generally, the eyes are interconnected with the Zang-Fu organs of the five viscera and six bowels. If wind-heat toxic qi attacks and combats the Zang-Fu, causing stagnation in the meridians and collaterals, it will result in various eye diseases. The symptoms are diverse; one must carefully examine the origin of the disease and cannot rigidly adhere to treating only from the perspective of the Liver.

Treatment for wind-heat qi stagnation in the five viscera, causing dryness, astringency, pain, and redness of the eyes. Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction):
Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn, sliced), Mu Tong (Akebia Caulis, crushed), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix), Qing Xin Zi (Pharbitidis Semen), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, each 1 liang), Shan Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus seed, 3 fen), Zhi Qiao (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried, 0.5 liang).
The above ten ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water and 7 leaves of Zhu Ye (Bambusa Leaves), decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs, add Ma Ya Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 qian bi). When warm, take after meals before retiring.

Treatment for accumulated heat in the five viscera causing blurred vision. Mengling Wan (Dream Spirit Pill):
Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, coarse ones de-rhizome), Tai Yin Xuan Jing Shi (Calcitum), Shi Jue Ming (Haliotidis Concha, cleaned and scraped), Yang Zi Gan (Ovis Hepat, seven pieces, skin and membrane removed, cut and dried), Rui Ren (Pruni Armeniacae Semen, peeled and ground, 0.5 liang).
The above five ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Mix with millet porridge to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills before retiring with clear tea.

Treatment for accumulated heat in the five viscera causing dry, astringent eyes difficult to open. Qingjin San (Green Gold Powder):
Qing Hao Hua (Artemisiae Annuae Flos, harvested on the third day of the third lunar month, shade-dried).
The above one ingredient. Pound and sift into powder. Take 3 qian bi per dose, mix with Jing Hua Shui (well water drawn at dawn) on an empty stomach. Long-term use promotes longevity and brightens the eyes, allowing reading fine print at night.

Treatment for Liver heat causing dry, astringent, blurred, and painful eyes. Cheqianzi Tang (Plantago Seed Decoction):
Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen, slightly stir-fried), Qing Xin Zi (Pharbitidis Semen), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-rhizome), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, each 1 liang), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Wei Ruo (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, each 1.5 liang).
The above nine ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs and take warm after meals before retiring.

Treatment for Liver wind-heat causing red, dry, astringent eyes with foreign body sensation and pain difficult to open. Binglang Tang (Areca Seed Decoction):
Bing Lang (Arecae Semen, roasted and crushed), Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Host, black skin removed), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, each 1 liang), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, rough bark removed), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled, each 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs and take warm on an empty stomach in the morning and evening.

Treatment for Liver and Heart wind-heat causing blurred vision and red eyes. Xing Yi Zi Wan (Iberis Seed Pill):
Xing Yi Zi (Iberidis Semen, 1.5 liang), Tu Gan (Leporis Hepat, one piece, finely cut and roasted), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, de-seed and leaf), Man Jing Shi (Viticis Fructus), Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, sliced),
Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-rhizome), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen, stir-fried, each 1 liang).
The above ten ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills after meals with Jiang Shui (fermented bean milk).

Treatment for Liver and Lung heat-toxic wind causing blurred vision. Jue Ming Zi Wan (Cassia Seed Pill):
Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen, slightly stir-fried), Rui Ren (Pruni Armeniacae Semen, peeled and ground), Fu Shen (Poria with Pine Root, wood removed), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-rhizome, each 1 liang), Qing Xin Zi (Pharbitidis Semen), Zhi Qiao (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn, sliced), Bing Lang (Areca Seed, roasted and crushed), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Sheng Gan Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, dried), Long Dan (Gentianae Radix), Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix or Adenophorae Radix), Zi Wan (Perilae Radix, de-seed and soil, each 3 fen), Bai He (Lilii Bulbus, 0.5 liang).
The above eighteen ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills after meals with Mi Yin (rice drink).

Treatment for long-standing accumulation of wind-qi in the Liver and Kidney, lodging in the eyes and not dispersing, causing dry, astringent, and painful eyes. Fang Feng Tang (Saposhnikovia Decoction):
Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Bai Xian Pi (Dictamni Cortex), Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, de-radicle), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, each 1 liang), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 1.5 liang),
Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried and crushed), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, de-seed and leaf, each 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs and take warm after meals before retiring.

Treatment for upper jiao heat stagnation and all eye diseases. Ru Sheng San (Like Sage Powder):
Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, rough bark removed), Yu Jin (Curcumae Radix, each 0.5 liang), Ma Ya Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 fen).
The above four ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Take 1 qian bi per dose, mix with Xin Ji Shui (freshly drawn water) before retiring. After taking the medicine, lie down without a pillow for a short time to allow the medicine to reach the eyes. Stop when pain and tearing occur. For children aged ten, take half a qian bi; for those under five, take a "yi zi" amount.

Treatment for Qi-phlegm irritability in the Heart diaphragm, alternating chills and fever, headache, red and painful, dim eyes. Qin Jiao Tang (Macleaya Decoction):
Qin Jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, de-seed and soil), Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, pith removed, bran-fried), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, de-seed), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, dried), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, cut and dried),
Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix, each 1 liang), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 0.5 liang).
The above eight ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs and take warm after meals before retiring.

Treatment for latent heat in the Heart meridian causing dry, astringent, painful eyes, mental irritability, and dry mouth. Hua Shi Tang (Talcum Decoction):
Hua Shi (Talcum, crushed), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-rhizome), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix), Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, sliced), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus seed, each 1 liang).
The above six ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs and take warm after meals, three times daily.

Treatment for Wind-heat in the Heart and Lungs causing dry, astringent, painful, and itchy eyes. Di Gu Pi Tang (Lycii Cortex Decoction):
Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex, 1.5 liang), Gan Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-rhizome), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Mu Tong (Akebia Caulis, crushed), Wei Ruo (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Da
Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried and crushed), Rui Ren (Pruni Armeniacae Semen, peeled, each 1 liang).
The above ten ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs and take warm after meals before retiring.

Treatment for Wind-heat in the Heart and Lungs causing dry, astringent, red, and painful eyes. Ren Shen Tang (Ginseng Decoction):
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Chong Wei Zi (Leonuri Fructus), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, de-seed and leaf), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Da Huang
(Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried, each 1 liang), Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Host, black skin removed, 0.5 liang).
The above eight ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs and take warm after meals before retiring.

Treatment for Heat-toxin in the Spleen and Stomach causing eye nebula. Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction):
Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn, sliced), Lu Gen (Phragmitis Rhizoma, crushed), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried, each 1.5 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 1 liang),
Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed, 1 liang).
The above six ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water and 7 leaves of Zhu Ye (Bambusa Leaves), decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs, add Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 qian bi) and Sheng Di Huang Zhi (Fresh Rehmannia Juice, 0.5 he), decoct again for three to five boils. Take warm after meals before retiring.

Treatment for Heat steaming from the Spleen and Lungs causing red, itchy eyes with pterygium and nebula. Lu Gen Tang (Phragmites Decoction):
Lu Gen (Phragmitis Rhizoma, crushed), Mu Tong (Akebia Caulis, crushed, each 1.5 liang), Shan Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus seed), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, each 1 liang).
The above six ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs, add Sheng Di Huang Zhi (Fresh Rehmannia Juice, 0.5 he), decoct again for two to three boils. Take warm after meals before retiring.

Treatment for Excess Heat in the Liver and Lungs causing white nebula. Ling Yang Jiao Tang (Saiga Antelope Horn Decoction):
Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, sliced), Wei Ruo (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Mu Tong (Akebia Caulis, crushed, each 1.5 liang), Gan Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried, each 1 liang).
The above six ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.7 zhan. Remove dregs, add Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 qian bi). Take warm on an empty stomach and before retiring.

Treatment for Wind-heat in the five viscera causing red eyes, yellow nebula on the cornea, hidden astringency, and pain. Xijiao Yin (Rhinoceros Horn Drink):
Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn, sliced), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Lu Gen (Phragmitis Rhizoma), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried), Sheng Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed, each 1.5 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 1 liang), Dan Zhu
Ye (Bambusa Leaves, 50 pieces), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix, 2 liang).
The above eight ingredients. Cut into sizes similar to hemp seeds. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.8 zhan. Remove dregs, add Mang Xiao Mo (Ground Natrii Sulfas, half a qian bi). Decoct again until boiling. Take warm after meals.

Treatment for Heat-toxin in the Liver and Lungs attacking the eyes, causing swelling of the sclera. Ling Yang Jiao Tang (Saiga Antelope Horn Decoction):
Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, sliced), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, crushed), Mu Tong (Akebia Caulis, crushed), Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae Flos), Wei Ruo (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, each 1.5 liang), Fu
Shen (Poria with Pine Root, wood removed, 1 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until reduced to 0.8 zhan. Remove dregs, add Mang Xiao Mo (Ground Natrii Sulfas, half a qian bi). Decoct again until boiling. Take warm at any time.

Treatment for Wind-heat eye disease. Bai Zhu Ju Hua San (Atractylodes and Chrysanthemum Powder):
Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 1 jin soaked in rice wash overnight, peeled, cut, and dried), Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos, dried, 0.5 liang), Jing Jie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica, 4 liang), Wei Ling Xian (Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma, de-soil),
Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, dried, each 2 liang), Mu Zei (Equiseti Herba, de-joint and dried), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-rhizome), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex, crushed and dried), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, de-seed and leaf), Xian Ling Pi (Epimedii Folium), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, de-radicle), Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, de-radicle, each 1.5 liang).
The above thirteen ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Take 2 qian bi per dose after meals and before sleeping, mixed with rice drink; boiled water is also acceptable.

Treatment for Wind-heat toxin of the five viscera attacking the eyes, causing redness, astringency, blurriness, pain, unclear nebula, etc. Fang Feng Wan (Saposhnikovia Pill):
Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen, stir-fried), Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), Fu Shen (Poria with Pine Root, wood removed), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Zhi Qiao (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran
fried), Long
Chi (Dentis Fosssae Mamuthi), Gan Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried, each 1 liang).
The above twelve ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills after meals with warm Jiang Shui (fermented bean milk), and take another dose before retiring.

Treatment for Wind-heat rushing upward to the eyes, or external wind pathogen causing eye pain and blurred vision. Jue Ming Zi Wan (Cassia Seed Pill):
Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen, stir-fried), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, de-seed and leaf), Qing Xin Zi (Pharbitidis Semen), Ji Li Zi (Tribuli Fructus, stir-fried and de-spine), Chong Wei Zi (Leonuri Fructus), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Du
Huoe (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix,
de-radicle), Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, sliced), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled, each 0.5 liang), Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos, 1 liang), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-rhizome), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Gou Qi Zi (Lycii Fructus, each 3
liang).
The above fourteen ingredients. Pound and sift into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with Dan Zhu Ye Shui (light bamboo leaf boiled water), increasing up to 30 pills if necessary.

Treatment for Wind-toxin of the five viscera attacking upward, causing eye nebula, and promoting hair growth. Mo Ding Qing Lian Gao (Scalp-Massaging Green Lotus Ointment):
Sheng Ma You (Raw Sesame Oil, 2 sheng), Su (Butyrum), Zeng Qing (Azurite, ground, each 1 liang), Da Qing (Isatidis Folium), Zhi Zi Ye (Gardeniae Folium), Chang Li Shi (Magnitae Os), Wei Ruo (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Piao Xiao (Natrii Sulfas), Wu Lan (Isatidis Radix),
(each 1.5 liang), Huai Zi (Stemonae Semen, 1 liang 1 fen), Dan Zhu Ye (Bambusa Leaves, one handful), Kong Qing (Azurite, ground, 2 liang), Yan Hua (Halitum, 3 liang), Lian Zi Zhi (Nelumbinis Plumula Juice, 1 sheng).
The above fourteen ingredients. Except for the oil and butter juices, coarsely crush and sieve. Wrap in cotton cloth. First, put the butter and oil into a clean pot, then add the herbs. Decoct over mild fire for half a day. Then add the lotus seed juice and continue decocting until the liquid is exhausted. Filter the ointment to remove dregs, clarify, and store in an oil-tight bottle. Every night before retiring, take about 1 qian with a small iron spoon, apply to the top of the head, and massage gently with the iron spoon to allow the salt to enter the pores. This brings coolness to the brain. Mild cases require no more than six or seven applications; severe cases require massaging up to half a dose. Use once every two or five nights. Each massage should cover over 3,000 spots. It also treats Kidney deficiency, dim vision, wind-toxin of the five viscera rushing into the brain, brain fat flowing down causing internal cataracts, dim vision, nebula, and strabismus, with no ineffective cases. It also promotes hair growth. Harvest lotus juice in August and September.

Treatment for Kidney wind attacking the eyes. Si Sheng San (Four Raw Ingredients Powder):
Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, note: use Hei Fu Zi/Black Aconite for foot sores), Sha Yuan Ji Li (Astragali Complanati Semen), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex, crushed), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, de-radicle, equal parts).
The above four ingredients. All raw-pounded into powder. Take 2 qian bi per dose, mixed with salt wine. Take on an empty stomach; roasting in a pig kidney is especially effective. When Shen Kuo served as Inspector of Hebei, he suffered from red eyes for over forty days, with day and night pain. Official Qiu Ge said that ear itching indicates Kidney wind, which can be treated with Si Sheng San. After just two or three doses, the first dose caused increased eye pain, but the second dose cured it.