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Discussion states: Constipation and dryness of stool is not a single syndrome, but results from the disharmony of Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi, and the mutual stagnation of Yin and Yang Qi. If Wind pathogen causes stagnation and dryness in the intestines and stomach, it is called Wind Bi (Wind-type Constipation). If heat lingers in the Stomach causing mouth ulcers and yellowing of the body, it is called Heat Bi (Heat-type Constipation). If deficiency-cold in the Lower Jiao causes urgency and tenesmus, it is called Cold Bi (Cold-type Constipation). If fluid loss occurs after illness or if Qi and Blood are insufficient due to old age and weakness, it is called Deficiency Bi (Deficiency-type Constipation). If Kidney deficiency leads to excessive urination and depletion of the Large Intestine, resulting in thirst and constipation, this is due to the loss of Body Fluids. If excess heat and dryness in the Stomach cause alternating chills and fever, this indicates retained food. Although the treatment method should generally harmonize and smooth Yin and Yang, methods such as dispersing Wind and resolving stagnation, clearing Heat and dispelling Cold, and guiding movement while tonifying deficiency must not be neglected. One must examine the specific syndrome to treat it.

For treating Large Intestine constipation and dryness, to disperse Wind and promote Qi flow, Muxiang Wan Formula:
Muxiang (Costus Root), Binglang (Areca Seed, raw and sliced), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, remove rhizome stump), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, remove coarse bark), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel, soaked in water, remove white pith and dried, each 1 liang), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome).
The above seven herbs are pounded and sifted into powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 15 pills per dose, administered with Ginger and Perilla Decoction, gradually increasing to 30 pills.

For treating dryness and scarcity of Body Fluids, Wind invading the intestines and stomach, constipation and dryness of stool, and uneven Qi flow, Yunqi Wan Formula:
Haren (Hemp Seed, separately ground, 2 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Helilepi (Pericarpium Terminaliae Chebulae), Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange, remove core, stir-fried with bran), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, remove coarse bark, each 1 liang), Muxiang (Costus Root, 1 liang).
The above nine herbs: pound and sift seven herbs into powder, add Hemp Seed and others, grind evenly. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, increasing to 50 pills, administered with warm cooked water, at any time.

For treating Wind-Heat constipation of the Large Intestine, Niuhuang Wan Formula:
Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, finely ground, 1 fen), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried, 2 liang), Badou (Croton Seed, remove skin, heart, and membrane, stir-fried with bran, grind on new tile to take the frost/resin, 0.5 liang).
The above three herbs are pounded and ground into powder. Boil wheat paste in wine to bind the pills, forming them the size of mung beans. Take 5 pills per dose before sleep, administered with rice drink, adjusting dosage according to deficiency or excess.

For treating astringent constipation, Qianni San Powder:
Qiannzi (Seed of Morning Glory, half raw half stir-fried), Binglang (Areca Seed, raw and sliced, each 0.5 liang).
The above two herbs are pounded and sifted into powder. Take 3 qianbi per dose, mixed with Ginger Decoction. If no evacuation occurs after a while, administer hot tea. Continue until evacuation is achieved.

For treating weak Stomach Qi, lack of taste in food, upper obstruction by cold stagnation and mass, indigestion, accumulation of Lung Qi, phlegm reversal in chest and heart with wheezing and urgency, sudden stroke toxin, beriberi, Large Intestine constipation, and Ben Tun (Rushing Pig) abdominal pain, Muxiang Binglang Wan Formula:
Muxiang (Costus Root), Binglang (Areca Seed, sliced), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, remove rhizome stump), Xiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, remove coarse bark, each 1 liang), Yuliren (Dried Peach Kernel, remove skin and double kernels, grind), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome).
The above seven herbs: pound and sift six herbs into powder, mix with ground Dried Peach Kernel. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose before meals with Ginger Decoction. For various Qi pains, administer with warm wine.

For treating wind-damp bi syndrome, tendon spasms and knee pain, accumulated heat in the Stomach, mouth ulcers, restlessness, and constipation, Dadou Huangjuan Formula:
Dadou Huangjuan (Sojae Semen Praeparatum, stir-fried ripe and ground, 1 sheng), Su (Butter/Ghee, 0.5 liang).
Grind the above two ingredients evenly. Administer one spoonful mixed with warm water, regardless of meal timing.

For treating Heat-Toxic Wind, constipation, Heart Wind with forgetfulness, and Liver Wind with blurred vision, Lingyangjiao Wan Formula:
Lingyangjiao (Saiga Antelope Horn, shaved), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, remove rhizome stump), Kushen (Sophora Root, sliced), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, remove forked root ends), Xuanshen (Scrophularia Root), Danshen (Salvia Root), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, remove wood), Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange, remove core), Yuliren (Dried Peach Kernel, remove skin and double kernels, grind), Sheng Gan Di Huang (Raw Rehmannia Root).
The above twenty-one herbs: pound and sift eighteen herbs into powder. Mix with paste made from Hemp Seed, Dragon Bone, and Dried Peach Kernel. Grind evenly, mix with refined honey and pound. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose on an empty stomach with warm wine, increasing to 30 pills.

For treating Wind-Qi stagnation and Large Intestine constipation, Dilong Wan Formula:
Dilong (Pheretima, remove soil), Qiannzi (Seed of Morning Glory, half raw half stir-fried), Kushen (Sophora Root, each 1 liang), Wutou (Aconite Root, raw, remove skin and tip, 4 liang).
The above four herbs are pounded and sifted into powder. Boil thin wheat paste in vinegar to bind the pills, forming them the size of Sophora seeds. Take 15 to 20 pills per dose on an empty stomach and before bed, administered with rice drink.

For treating constipation, Wind stagnation in the Five Zang Organs, and fullness in the diaphragm unsuitable for harsh purging, Taohua Tang Decoction:
Taohua (Peach Blossom, dried, 2 qian), Gansui (Kansui Root, stir-fried, 1 fen), Yuliren (Dried Peach Kernel, remove skin and double kernels, separately ground into paste), Hai Ge (Clam Shell, crushed and stir-fried), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, remove core and stir-fried with bran), Tao Ren (Dried Peach Kernel, remove skin and tip, double kernels, grind), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed, remove skin and tip, double kernels, grind), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried).
The above eight herbs: first coarsely chop seven herbs into powder, mix with Dried Peach Kernel paste. Take 5 qianbi per dose with 2 zhan of water, decoct to 1 zhan. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach. After a while, press with one spoonful of dry rice. When rumbling sounds are felt in the abdomen, wash feet with hot water to promote evacuation of foul matter, then assist with millet gruel.

For treating forgetfulness, frequent fright, difficult defecation, and mouth ulcers, Lingyangjiao Yin Decoction:
Lingyangjiao (Saiga Antelope Horn, shaved), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Chifuling (Red Poria, remove black skin), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, remove rhizome stump), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, cracked, remove skin and navel), Zhizi Ren (Gardenia Seed, stir-fried), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome, remove hairs), Ji (likely referring to a specific part or herb fragment, context implies Zhi Mu or similar), Huhuanglian (Coptis Chinensis Rhizome, 0.5 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 3 fen).
Fourteen ingredients: cut like hemp seeds. Take 5 qianbi per dose with 2 zhan of water, add 0.5 fen of smashed fresh ginger and 40 salted soybeans. Decoct to 1 zhan. Strain, add a little light bamboo sap, stir evenly. Take warm before meals.

For treating Stomach excess with abdominal distension, inability to digest water and grain, yellow urine and body heat, nasal congestion and epistaxis, tight lips, Guan Ge (obstruction) preventing bowel movement, Chengqi Xiwei Nongpo Tang Decoction:
Nongpo (Magnolia Bark, remove coarse bark, stir-fried with ginger juice, 3 fen), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried, 2 liang), Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange, remove core and stir-fried with bran), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, each 0.5 liang).
The above four herbs: coarsely chop and sieve. Take 5 qianbi per dose with 1.5 zhan of water, decoct to 1 zhan. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach. Stop when evacuation occurs.

For treating severe constipation, Mahuang Wan Formula (Note: Text says Mahuang Wan but ingredients suggest Ma Ren Wan):
Dama Ren (Hemp Seed, separately ground into paste), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried, each 3 liang), Nongpo (Magnolia Bark, remove coarse bark, stir-fried with ginger juice, 2 liang), Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange, remove core and stir-fried with bran, 1 liang).
The above four herbs: pound and sift three herbs into powder, mix with Hemp Seed. Mix with refined honey and pound evenly. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose on an empty stomach with warm water. Stop when evacuation occurs.

For treating regurgitation, difficult defecation, dry and emaciated skin, Jigu Wan Formula:
Jigu (Chicken Gizzard Lining, slow-fire roasted, 3 liang), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried, 5 liang), Dama Ren (Hemp Seed, ground into paste, 4 liang).
The above three herbs: pound and sift two herbs into powder, mix with Hemp Seed. Mix with refined honey and pound. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose before meals with rice drink, three times daily.

For treating robust individuals with Heat-Toxin flowing into intestines and stomach, bone and joint pain, abdominal fullness and distress, and constipation, Shengma Tang Decoction:
Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried, each 4 liang), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, remove seed heads), Zhizi Ren (Gardenia Seed, stir-fried, each 3 liang).
The above four herbs: coarsely chop and sieve. Take 3 qianbi per dose with 1 zhan of water, decoct to 70%. Strain and take warm before meals. If no passage, take again.

For treating Pi (mass) and Zhu (flowing qi) stabbing pain, and constipation, Jingsanleng Wan Formula:
Jingsanleng (Burreed Tuber, baked, crush while hot, separately grind into powder), Muxiang (Costus Root), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, sliced and dried), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, remove coarse bark), Roushou Rong (Cistanche Stem, wine-soaked, sliced and dried), Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange, remove core and stir-fried with bran), Yuliren (Dried Peach Kernel, remove skin and double kernels, ground into paste, each 1 liang).
Fifteen ingredients: except for Dried Peach Kernel, pound and sift into powder. Mix with Dried Peach Kernel paste. Grind evenly, mix with refined honey and pound. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose on an empty stomach with rice drink or warm wine. Stop when evacuation occurs.

For treating disharmony of the Three Jiao, deficiency-stagnation of Zang-Fu, chest and diaphragm stuffiness, and constipation, Mahuang Wan Formula (Note: Text says Mahuang Wan but ingredients suggest Ma Ren Wan):
Dama Ren (Hemp Seed, ground into paste, 4 liang), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, half raw half cooked, 4 liang), Baibinglang (White Areca Seed, raw and sliced), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, remove coarse bark), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, remove rhizome stump), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, remove forked root ends, each 1.5 liang).
Thirteen ingredients: pound and grind into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 15 to 20 pills per dose with warm water, before bed.

For treating deficiency-cold Wind constipation of the Large Intestine, Lingxiaohua Gen Wan Formula:
Lingxiaohua Gen (Campsis Root, remove skin, wash and dry, 3 liang), Yaowu (Lindera Root, sliced), Renshen (Ginseng Root, each 0.5 liang), Zhaojia Zi (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit Seed, 50 pieces).
The above four herbs are pounded and sifted into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of mung beans. Take 10 to 15 pills per dose with warm water, twice daily. Elderly people often suffer from this; take for half a month for gradual regulation, without causing diarrhea.

For treating Cold constipation of the Large Intestine, Weilingxian Wan Formula:
Weilingxian (Clematis Root, washed and sliced as needed).
One ingredient: pound and sift into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 15 to 20 pills per dose with clear Ginger Rice Drink, before bed.

For treating Qi distension and fullness, constipation, and stabbing pain in abdomen and ribs, Qiannzi Wan Formula:
Qiannzi (Seed of Morning Glory, half raw half stir-fried, 3 liang), Binglang (Areca Seed, raw and sliced, 2 liang), Muxiang (Costus Root, 1 liang).
The above three herbs are pounded and sifted into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose on an empty stomach with warm wine or rice drink.

For treating tenesmus and slow defecation, method of consuming stir-fried Apricot Kernels:
Tao Ren (Dried Peach Kernel, remove skin, 3 liang), Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit, 2 liang), Yan (Salt, 1 liang).
Stir-fry the above three ingredients until cooked. Remove salt and Evodia. Chew 5-7 Apricot Kernels on an empty stomach before bed at any time, up to 10-20 kernels.

For treating Cold constipation, Fuzi San Powder:
Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, one piece, cracked, remove skin and navel).
One ingredient: scrape off the outside, keep the center date-sized. Grind into fine powder. Mix with honey water and take 1 qianbi per dose.

For treating elderly weakness and constipation, Congjiao Tang Decoction:
Chenjiao (Old Gelatin, 10 slices), Cong (Green Onion, one handful, chopped).
Two ingredients: decoct gelatin in 2 zhan of water until melted. Take 1 zhan, warm. Immediate effect.

For treating elderly deficiency constipation, Dafu Tang Decoction:
Lianpidafupi (Areca Pericarp with peel, 15 pieces), Mugua (Chaenomeles Fruit, one piece), Congbai (White Part of Green Onion, 5 stalks).
Three ingredients: cut like hemp seeds. Decoct in 5 zhan of water to 2.5 zhan. Strain and divide into five warm doses.

For treating post-illness severe fluid loss, elderly fluid deficiency, and constipation, Pingwei Zhusan added with Qingchupi Formula:
Nongpo (Magnolia Bark, remove coarse bark, stir-fried with ginger juice, 5 liang), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome, remove coarse bark, soak in rice wash overnight, dry, 8 liang), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel, soaked in water, remove white pith and dry, 5 liang), Qingchupi (Green Tangerine Peel, soaked in water, remove white pith and dry, 0.5 liang).
Four ingredients: pound and sift into powder. Take 3 qianbi per dose with 1.5 zhan of water, add half qianbi of Qingchupi powder, 2 slices of ginger, and 2 split jujubes. Decoct to 1 zhan. Strain and take warm.

For treating retained food indigestion and difficult defecation, Dizhong Wan Formula:
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried, 8 liang), Tingli (Descurainia Seed, stir-fried between papers, 2 liang), Xingren (Apricot Seed, remove skin and tip, double kernels, stir-fried and ground), Mangxiao (Mirabilite, ground, each 4 liang).
Four ingredients: pound and grind into powder. Mix with refined honey and pound. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 5-7 pills per dose after meals with warm water, three times daily. Increase to 10 pills if no passage.

For treating Spleen-Stomach disharmony, internal parasitic stagnation, and difficult defecation, Dahuang Wan Formula:
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried), Chishao Yao (Red Peony Root, each 3 liang), Nongpo (Magnolia Bark, remove coarse bark, stir-fried with ginger juice, 2 liang), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, remove core and stir-fried with bran, 1.5 liang), Haren (Hemp Seed, ground into paste, 4 liang).
Five ingredients: pound and sift four herbs into powder, mix with Hemp Seed. Mix with refined honey and pound. Form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 10-15 pills per dose before meals with warm water. Stop when evacuation occurs.

For treating Large Intestine constipation with conflicting Cold and Heat, chills and fever like malaria, Binglang Wan Formula:
Binglang (Areca Seed, sliced, 1 liang), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, remove rhizome stump, 1 liang), Yuliren (Dried Peach Kernel, soaked in water, remove skin, separately ground, 2 liang), Muxiang (Costus Root, 1 liang), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced and stir-fried, 2 liang), Qiannzi (Seed of Morning Glory, 4 liang, pounded fine, take 3 liang), Qingchupi (Green Tangerine Peel, soaked in water, remove white pith and dry, 1 liang), Dama Ren (Hemp Seed, separately ground, 2 liang).
Eight ingredients: pound and sift six herbs into powder, add ground medicines and mix evenly. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose with Ginger Decoction.

For treating Wind constipation of the Large Intestine, knotting and dryness with no passage, Jixiang San Powder:
Daji (Euphorbia Root, stir-fried), Muxiang (Costus Root), Jiangjiang (Dried Ginger, roasted), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel, soaked in water, remove white pith and dry, each 1 liang), Qiannzi (Seed of Morning Glory, 5 liang, take fine powder 2 liang), Gansui (Kansui Root, stir-fried, 1 fen), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, remove coarse bark, 1 fen).
Eleven ingredients: pound and sift into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mixed with Ginger Tea Clear. Take before bed.

For treating Wind stagnation in the Large Intestine, constipation with no passage, Dama Ren Wan Formula:
Dama Ren (Hemp Seed, ground into mud, 5 liang), Xiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome, 1.1 liang), Fuzi (Raw Aconite Root, remove skin and navel, 0.5 liang), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, sliced, crushed, stir-fried with butter, 2 liang), Yuliren (Dried Peach Kernel, remove skin and double kernels, ground, 2 liang).
Five ingredients: pound and grind into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with warm wine.

For treating Heat in the Large Intestine, exhaustion and dryness of Body Fluids, tenesmus, and constipation, Sanren Wan Formula:
Songzi Ren (Pine Nut Kernel), Baizi Ren (Biota Seed), Daziren (Hemp Seed, each 1 liang).
Three ingredients: grind evenly. Melt half liang of yellow wax and mix to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose before meals with rice drink. Increase dosage if ineffective.