论曰脾气衰则 溏。盖阴中之至阴脾也。为仓廪之官。若脾胃气虚弱。为风冷所乘。则
阴气盛。阴气盛则藏寒。糟粕不化。故大便色黑。状如 溏也。又大肠有寒。亦曰 溏。
治脾气不足。 溏青黑。茱萸丸方
吴茱萸（汤浸焙炒） 干姜（炮） 赤石脂 陈曲（炒） 当归（切焙各三分） 浓朴
（去粗皮生姜汁炙锉
上六味。捣罗为末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大。每服三十丸。空心食前米饮下、日三。
治大便青黑。状如 溏。龙骨散方
龙骨 黄连（去须炒各一两） 白矾（熬令汁枯） 阿胶（炙燥） 干姜（炮） 白石
脂（研） 当归（切焙） 胡粉（炒） 赤石脂（研） 牡蛎 （各三分研） 甘草（炙锉）
附子炮裂去皮脐各半两）
上一十二味。捣研为散，每服三钱匕，食前米饮调下、日再。
治大便滑泄，色如 溏。龙骨黄连汤方
龙骨（碎一两 黄连（去须炒三分） 当归（切焙） 干姜（炮） 甘草（炙锉各半两）
上五味。粗捣筛，每服五钱匕。水一盏半。煎至八分，去滓食前温服、日再。
治 溏所下瘀黑。木香丸方
木香 乌头（生去皮脐） 当归（切焙各三分） 乌梅肉（炒干半两）
上四味。捣罗为末，用粟米一合。醋一升半，慢火煎调和丸。如梧桐子大，每服十丸至
十五丸。食前米饮下、日三。
治大便 溏，滑利不止。附子散方
附子（炮裂去皮脐三分） 干姜（炮） 龙骨（各一两）
上三味。捣罗为散，每服三钱匕。食前煎乌梅汤调下。日再。
治肠胃久寒，大便 溏。荜茇丸方
荜茇 附子（炮裂去皮脐） 干姜（炮） 浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙） 肉豆蔻仁（各一
两） 龙骨 诃黎
上八味。捣罗为末。面糊和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸。食前米饮下、日再。
Commentary states: When Spleen Qi (Spleen Energy) declines, loose stools occur. The Spleen is the "Supreme Yin within Yin," serving as the "Granary Official" responsible for receiving and transforming food and fluids. If Spleen and Stomach Qi are deficient and attacked by Wind-Cold pathogens, Yin Qi becomes excessive. Excessive Yin Qi leads to internal Cold of the Zang organs, causing food residues to fail in proper digestion and transformation. Consequently, the stool appears black and has a consistency resembling mud. Additionally, Cold in the Large Intestine is also referred to as loose stools.
Formula for Zhu Yu Wan (Evodia Pill) to treat Spleen Qi deficiency with loose stools that are greenish-black:
Wu Zhu Yu (Fructus Evodiae, soaked in decoction, baked, and stir-fried), Gan Jiang (Radix Zingiberis Preparata, processed), Chi Shi Zhi (Halloysit Rubrum), Chen Qu (Maltus Fermentatus, stir-fried), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and baked), each 3 fen; Nong Po (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, coarse bark removed, stir-fried with ginger juice and chopped).
The above six ingredients are crushed, sifted into fine powder, and mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, before meals on an empty stomach, washed down with rice water, three times daily.
Formula for Long Gu San (Dragon Bone Powder) to treat stools that are greenish-black and resemble mud:
Long Gu (Os Draconis), Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis, remove stamens and stir-fry), each 1 liang; Bai Fan (Alumen, boiled until dry), E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini, roasted until dry), Gan Jiang (Radix Zingiberis Preparata, processed), Bai Shi Zhi (Halloysit Albus, ground), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and baked), Hu Fen (Cerussa, stir-fried), Chi Shi Zi (Halloysit Rubrum, ground), Mu Li (Concha Ostreae, each 3 fen, ground), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, roasted and chopped), Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed until cracked, skin and umbilicus removed, 0.5 liang).
The above twelve ingredients are crushed and ground into a powder. Take 3 qian bi per dose, mixed with rice water before meals, twice daily.
Formula for Long Gu Huang Lian Tang (Dragon Bone and Coptis Decoction) to treat slippery diarrhea with stools resembling mud:
Long Gu (Os Draconis, crushed, 1 liang), Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis, remove stamens and stir-fry, 3 fen), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and baked), Gan Jiang (Radix Zingiberis Preparata, processed), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, roasted and chopped, each 0.5 liang).
The above five ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 5 qian bi per dose, add 1.5 sheng of water, boil until reduced to 0.8 sheng, strain, and take warm before meals, twice daily.
Formula for Mu Xiang Wan (Costus Pill) to treat dark, stagnant blood discharge due to loose stools:
Mu Xiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Wu Tou (Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, raw, skin and umbilicus removed), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced and baked), each 3 fen; Wu Mei Rou (Fructus Mume, stir-fried until dry, 0.5 liang).
The above four ingredients are crushed and sifted into fine powder. Use 1 he of millet and 1.5 sheng of vinegar, simmer slowly over low heat to mix and form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 10 to 15 pills per dose, before meals, washed down with rice water, three times daily.
Formula for Fu Zi San (Aconite Powder) to treat loose stools with continuous slippery discharge:
Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed until cracked, skin and umbilicus removed, 3 fen), Gan Jiang (Radix Zingiberis Preparata, processed), Long Gu (Os Draconis), each 1 liang.
The above three ingredients are crushed and sifted into a powder. Take 3 qian bi per dose, mixed with prepared sour plum decoction before meals, twice daily.
Formula for Bi Bo Wan (Piperis Kadsurae Pill) to treat chronic Cold in the intestines and stomach with loose stools:
Bi Bo (Fructus Piperis Kadsurae), Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, processed until cracked, skin and umbilicus removed), Gan Jiang (Radix Zingiberis Preparata, processed), Nong Po (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, coarse bark removed, stir-fried with ginger juice), Rou Dou Kou (Nux Moschata, each 1 liang); Long Gu (Os Draconis), He Li (Fructus Terminaliae Chebulae).
The above eight ingredients are crushed and sifted into fine powder. Mix with flour paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills per dose, before meals, washed down with rice water, twice daily.