论曰人与天地同流，通万物一气，故有感于山川毒厉之气而为病者，瘴疟是也。以其寒
热时作，与疟同类，故谓之瘴疟。传谓两山夹水多疟，盖阴气多而阳气少，则易为寒热之疾
故也。
治瘴疟经百日或一年者。白薇汤方
白薇 蜀漆叶（各半两） 常山（一两） 知母（切焙半两） 鳖甲（去裙 醋炙黄三
分） 甘草（炙锉） 苦参（各半两） 大黄（生一两） 升麻（半两） 石膏（碎三分） 豉
（一合） 蒜（独颗者三枚切） 淡竹叶（切三两） 赤茯苓（去黑皮三分） 龙胆 黄芩
（去黑心各半两）
上一十六味。锉如麻豆，每服三钱匕，水一盏，酒半盏，同煎至一盏去滓，未发前温一
服，发时一服，仍以药汁涂手面良。
治瘴疟。麝香散方
麝香（研一钱） 鳖甲（去裙 醋炙黄半两） 丹砂（研二分） 甘草（炙半两） 大
黄（炒三分） 常山（一两）
上六味。捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，未发前温酒调下，临发时更一服。
治诸瘴疠，及蛊毒疟等。木香丸方
木香（一分半） 升麻（三分） 鳖甲（去裙 醋炙黄） 甘草（炙各半两） 玄参 猪
苓（去黑皮各三分） 犀角（镑） 槟榔（锉各半两） 豉（炒一合）
上九味。捣罗为末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大。每服三十丸，空腹温酒下，日三服。
治山岚瘴疟，或入山早吸毒瓦斯，令人寒热如疟，终日不已，头痛痰逆，呕吐不下食，日
渐羸瘦。砒霜丸方
砒霜（半两） 雄黄 丹砂（以上三味一处同研） 玳瑁（镑） 藜芦（炒） 椿叶阴
干者（各一两） 阿魏（一两半别研）
上七味捣研为末，和匀，用安息香一两酒浸，重汤煮为糊，丸如赤小豆大。每用三丸，
男左女右，以绯绢袋盛，系于臂或衣带上，如疟不已，即用醋汤面东咽下三丸，如要吐，空
心浆水下五丸，如吐甚，以冷水调绿豆末一二钱匕，服即止，忌热物，此药五月五日合，勿
令妇人鸡犬见。
治瘴疟。白术丸方
白术 丹砂（研） 麝香（研） 丁香 诃黎勒皮 安息香（入胡桃仁研） 檀香（锉）
荜茇 犀角（镑各半两） 熏陆香 苏合香 龙脑（研各一分） 莎草根 石膏 木香（各
半两）
上一十五味。捣研为末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大。每服十丸，空腹井华水下，老人小儿三丸
，仍用纱绢袋盛，带于臂，辟鬼气，腊月合，以新瓷器盛，勿令泄气。
治岚瘴寒疟，兼解邪毒。砒霜丸方
砒霜（一分） 淀花（二两） 铁砧上末（四两淘净）
上三味。捣研为细末，用麝香少许，金银箔四十片，以糯米粽子，丸如鸡头大，每服一
丸，用酒磨下，或吐或泻为瘥。
治山岚瘴疟，寒热往来，或二日、或三日一发。常山饮方
常山（锉） 浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙熟各一两） 草豆蔻（去皮） 肉豆蔻（去壳各两
枚） 乌梅（和核七枚） 槟榔（锉） 甘草（炙各半两）
上七味。粗捣筛。每服二钱匕，水一盏，煎至六分，去滓候冷，未发前服，如热吃即吐
治山岚瘴疟，寒热久不瘥。保安汤方
常山（半两） 青蒿 知母（各一两） 桃仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁研半两）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服二钱匕，水一盏，生姜半分，同煎至六分，去滓稍热服，不拘时
治一切瘴疟。常山饮方
常山 秦艽（去苗） 甘草（炙锉） 麻黄（去根节） 乌头（炮裂去皮脐锉） 杏仁
（去皮尖双仁炒研） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙） 干姜（炮） 浓朴（去粗皮生姜汁炙各半两）
上九味。锉如麻豆，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，生姜半分，枣二枚劈破，煎至一盏去滓，
未发前，不拘时温服。
治山岚瘴疟。赤小豆丸方
赤小豆（三分） 鬼臼 丹砂（研） 雄黄（研） 阿魏（研） 鬼箭羽（各半两）
上六味。先捣研五味为末，酒煎阿魏和丸，如梧桐子大。每服一粒，仍用一丸，绯绢帛
子系中指上，男左女右。
治瘴疟，南方山岭瘴气，令人寒热发作无时，萎黄肿满，四肢痹弱。鲮鲤甲酒方
鲮鲤甲（炙五枚） 鳖甲（去裙 醋炙黄） 乌贼鱼骨（去甲） 附子（炮裂去皮脐各
一分） 常山（半
上五味。细锉，以酒二升半，渍一宿，疟发前，稍稍服之，勿绝药味也。兼以酒涂身体，
服药良久，方可进饮食。
Commentary states: Humans flow with the Qi of Heaven and Earth, sharing one Qi with all things. Therefore, illnesses caused by being affected by the toxic and pestilential Qi of mountains and rivers are known as Zhang Malaria (Zhang Nue, a type of malaria prevalent in miasma-prone regions). Because its alternating chills and fever resemble those of typical malaria, it is called Zhang Malaria. Legends say that areas between two mountains with flowing water often have malaria; this is likely because Yin Qi is abundant while Yang Qi is scarce, making such places prone to diseases characterized by alternating chills and fever.
Formula for treating Zhang Malaria persisting for one hundred days or a year: Baiwei Tang (White Root Decoction)
Baiwei (Radix Cynanchi Atrati), Shuqie Ye (Folium Daphnes Genkwa) (each 0.5 liang), Changshan (Radix Dichroae) (1 liang), Zhi Mu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae) (cut and baked, 0.5 liang), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (remove skirt, vinegar-fried until yellow, 3 fen), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (fried and cut), Kushen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis) (each 0.5 liang), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (raw, 1 liang), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae) (0.5 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (crushed, 3 fen), Chi (Semen Sojae Preparatum) (1 he), Suan (Bulbus Allii Sativi) (three single-clove bulbs, chopped), Danzhuye (Folium Phyllostachidis Henonis) (chopped, 3 liang), Chifuling (Poria Cum Radix Pini) (remove black skin, 3 fen), Longdan (Radix Gentianae), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae) (remove black heart, each 0.5 liang).
The above sixteen ingredients. Cut into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Take three qianbi per dose, add one zhan of water and half a zhan of wine, decoct together until one zhan remains, remove dregs. Take one warm dose before onset, and another dose during onset. It is also beneficial to apply the medicinal juice to the hands and face.
Formula for treating Zhang Malaria: Shexiang San (Musk Powder)
Shexiang (Moschus) (ground, 1 qian), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (remove skirt, vinegar-fried until yellow, 0.5 liang), Dansha (Cinnabar) (ground, 2 fen), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (fried, 0.5 liang), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (stir-fried, 3 fen), Changshan (Radix Dichroae) (1 liang).
The above six ingredients. Pound and sieve into powder. Take two qianbi per dose, mix with warm wine and take before onset. Take another dose just before onset.
Formula for treating various Zhang Li (pestilential diseases) and Gu Du Nue (Gu-toxin malaria): Muxiang Wan (Aucklandia Pill)
Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae) (1.5 fen), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae) (3 fen), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (remove skirt, vinegar-fried until yellow), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (fried, each 0.5 liang), Xuanshen (Radix Scrophulariae), Zhuling (Poria) (remove black skin, each 3 fen), Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis) (sliced), Binglang (Semen Arecae) (cut, each 0.5 liang), Chi (Semen Sojae Preparatum) (stir-fried, 1 he).
The above nine ingredients. Pound and sieve into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take thirty pills per dose with warm wine on an empty stomach, three times daily.
Formula for treating Shanlan Zhang Malaria (mountain mist malaria), or inhalation of toxic vapors when entering mountains early, causing alternating chills and fever like malaria that persists all day, headache, phlegm reversal, vomiting, inability to eat, and gradual emaciation: Pishuang Wan (Arsenic Trioxide Pill)
Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide) (0.5 liang), Xionghuang (Realgar), Dansha (Cinnabar) (the above three ingredients ground together), Daimao (Hornium Trionychis) (sliced), Lilu (Radix Veratri), Chunye (Folium Toonae) (shade-dried, each 1 liang), Awèi (Resina Asafoetidae) (1.5 liang, separately ground).
The above seven ingredients. Pound and grind into powder, mix evenly. Use 1 liang of Anxi Xiang (Benzoin Resin) soaked in wine, boiled in a double boiler to form a paste. Make pills the size of Adzuki beans. Use three pills each time. For men, tie to the left arm; for women, to the right arm. Contain in a crimson silk bag and tie to the arm or belt. If malaria persists, swallow three pills facing east with vinegar soup. To induce vomiting, take five pills on an empty stomach with rice gruel water. If vomiting is severe, stop it by taking one or two qianbi of mung bean powder mixed with cold water. Avoid hot foods. This medicine should be prepared on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Do not let women, chickens, or dogs see it.
Formula for treating Zhang Malaria: Baizhu Wan (Atractylodes Macrocephala Pill)
Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Dansha (Cinnabar) (ground), Shexiang (Moschus) (ground), Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli), Helile Pi (Pericarpium Terminaliae Chebulae), Anxi Xiang (Benzoin Resin) (mixed with Walnut Kernel), Tanxiang (Santalum Album Lignum), Bibo (Fructus Piperis Longi), Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis) (sliced, each 0.5 liang), Xunlu Xiang (Olibanum), Suhexiang (Styrax), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) (ground, each 1 fen), Sucaogen (Radix Cyperi Rotundi), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae) (each 0.5 liang).
The above fifteen ingredients. Pound and grind into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take ten pills per dose with Jinghua Water (first drawn well water in the morning) on an empty stomach. Elderly and children take three pills. Store in a gauze silk bag and wear on the arm to ward off evil qi. Prepare in the twelfth lunar month, store in new porcelain vessels, and prevent leakage of air.
Formula for treating Lanzhang Cold Malaria, simultaneously resolving pathogenic toxins: Pishuang Wan (Arsenic Trioxide Pill)
Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide) (1 fen), Dianhua (Indigofera Tinctoria Leaf), Tiezhen Shang Mo (Iron dust from anvil) (4 liang, washed clean).
The above three ingredients. Pound and grind into fine powder. Add a small amount of Shexiang (Moschus) and forty sheets of Jin Yin Bo (Gold and Silver Foil). Use sticky rice zongzi as a binder to make pills the size of a chestnut. Take one pill per dose, dissolved in wine. Recovery is indicated by vomiting or diarrhea.
Formula for treating Shanlan Zhang Malaria with alternating chills and fever, occurring every two or three days: Changshan Yin (Dichroa Decoction)
Changshan (Radix Dichroae) (cut), Nongbo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis) (remove coarse bark, stir-fry with ginger juice until cooked, each 1 liang), Caodoukou (Fructus Cardamomi) (remove peel), Roudoukou (Semen Myristicae) (remove shell, each two fruits), Wumei (Fructus Mume) (with pits, seven fruits), Binglang (Semen Arecae) (cut), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (fried, each 0.5 liang).
The above seven ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take two qianbi per dose, add one zhan of water, decoct until six parts remain, remove dregs, let cool, and take before onset. Vomiting may occur if taken hot.
Formula for treating Shanlan Zhang Malaria with prolonged chills and fever that do not resolve: Bao'an Tang (Security Decoction)
Changshan (Radix Dichroae) (0.5 liang), Qinghao (Herba Artemisiae Annuae), Zhi Mu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae) (each 1 liang), Taoren (Semen Persicae) (soaked in hot water, remove skin and tips, use twin kernels, ground, 0.5 liang).
The above four ingredients. Coarsely crush and sieve. Take two qianbi per dose, add one zhan of water and half a piece of fresh ginger, decoct until six parts remain, remove dregs, and take slightly warm. Time is not restricted.
Formula for treating all types of Zhang Malaria: Changshan Yin (Dichroa Decoction)
Changshan (Radix Dichroae), Qinjiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae) (remove seedlings), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (fried and cut), Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae) (remove roots and joints), Wutou (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) (pounded until cracked, remove skin and navel, cut), Xingren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) (remove skin and tips, use twin kernels, stir-fried and ground), Chenju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) (soaked in hot water, remove white pith, baked), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (pounded), Nongbo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis) (remove coarse bark, stir-fry with ginger juice, each 0.5 liang).
The above nine ingredients. Cut into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Take five qianbi per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, half a piece of fresh ginger, and two dates split open. Decoct until one zhan remains, remove dregs, and take warm before onset, without restriction on time.
Formula for treating Shanlan Zhang Malaria: Chixiaodou Wan (Adzuki Bean Pill)
Chixiaodou (Semen Phaseoli Angularis) (3 fen), Guijiu (Radix Podophylli), Dansha (Cinnabar) (ground), Xionghuang (Realgar) (ground), Awèi (Resina Asafoetidae) (ground), Guijianyu (Ramulus Corni Swinhoei) (each 0.5 liang).
The above six ingredients. First pound and grind five ingredients (excluding Awèi) into powder. Stir-fry Awèi in wine and mix with the powder to make pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take one pill per dose. Additionally, take one pill, wrap in crimson silk, and tie to the middle finger. For men, tie to the left hand; for women, to the right hand.
Formula for treating Zhang Malaria caused by mountain miasma in the south, leading to untimely attacks of chills and fever, sallow complexion with swelling and fullness, and bi-syndrome weakness in the four limbs: Lingli Jia Jiu (Pangolin Scale Wine)
Lingli Jia (Scuta Manitis) (fried, five scales), Biejia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis) (remove skirt, vinegar-fried until yellow), Wuzeiyu Gu (Os Sepiae) (remove shell), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) (pounded until cracked, remove skin and navel, each 1 fen), Changshan (Radix Dichroae) (0.5 liang).
The above five ingredients. Finely cut. Soak in two and a half sheng of wine overnight. Take gradually before malaria onset, ensuring continuous medication. Also, apply wine to the body. After taking the medicine for a long time, food intake may resume.