论曰人因劳伤腑脏，或大病后未复，营血不足，阴虚于内，则生内热，热则津液燥少，
故渴而引饮，饮不能多，多则腹满不消，气虚不胜于水故也。
治脏气不足，内燥发渴。肾沥汤方
生干地黄（洗锉焙） 泽泻 远志（去心） 桂（去粗皮） 当归（切焙） 龙骨 甘
草（炙锉）
一两）
上一十三味，粗捣筛，每用羊肾一只，去筋膜切开，先用水一盏半，煮羊肾，取一盏，
去肾入药末三钱匕，再煎七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
治气虚燥渴引饮。黄 汤方
黄 （细锉） 栝蒌根（锉） 麦门冬（去心焙） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 人参 甘草 黄
连（去
须） 知母（锉焙） 生干地黄（焙） 菟丝子（酒浸一宿焙干） 肉苁蓉（酒浸一宿去皴
皮锉焙）
上一十二味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
治虚渴饮水过多，身体浮满。人参汤方
人参 黄 （细锉各二两） 旋复花 桑根白皮（锉各一两） 紫苏叶 犀角（镑屑各
半两）
上一十味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓温服，不拘时。
治脏虚干燥，发渴饮水。麦门冬丸方
麦门冬（去心焙） 菟丝子（酒浸一宿焙干各一两半） 土瓜根 山茱萸 鹿茸（去毛
酥炙）
神（去木） 人参
上一十二味，捣罗为细末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服三十丸，温水下，不拘时服。
治虚渴饮水不已，心腹胀满。木香汤方
木香 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 芍药 槟榔（生锉各半两） 桑根白皮（锉炒） 黄 （细
锉） 草
豆蔻（去皮） 枇杷叶（拭去毛炙） 黄连（去须各一两） 桂（去粗皮三分） 人参（一
两半）
上一十一味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
治虚燥渴不已。黄 丸方
黄 （细锉） 五味子（各二两） 乌梅（取肉炒） 麦门冬（去心焙各一两） 干姜
（炮半两）
地黄（焙） 泽泻（
各半两）
上一十味，捣罗为细末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服三十丸，浆水下，不拘时服。
治虚渴饮水无节。人参汤方
人参（二两） 五味子 大腹皮（各三分） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 桑根白皮（锉炒） 黄
（细
锉各一两半） 芍药 黄芩（去黑心） 葛根（锉各一两） 枳壳（去瓤麸炒三分）
上一十味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
治脏虚舌本燥，渴饮不已。地黄丸方
熟干地黄（锉焙） 山茱萸 山芋 泽泻 牡丹皮 白茯苓（去黑皮） 附子（炮裂去
皮脐
各一两） 桂（去粗皮一分）
上八味，捣罗为细末，炼蜜丸梧桐子大，每服三十丸，温水下，不拘时服。
治虚渴不止。薏苡仁汤方
薏苡仁 五味子（各一两半） 覆盆子 生干地黄（锉焙） 枸杞子（各二两） 紫苏
茎叶
黄（细锉） 木通（各一两） 白茯苓（去黑皮三两）
上九味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎七分，去滓温服，不拘时候。
治虚渴烦躁不利。鹿茸丸方
鹿茸（去毛酥炙） 黄 （细锉） 人参 土瓜根 山茱萸 杜仲（去粗皮切炒） 桑
螵蛸（
炙各一两） 栝蒌根 菟丝子（酒浸一宿别捣） 肉苁蓉（酒浸一宿去皴皮各一两一分） 鸡
（十枚炙干）
上十一味，捣罗为细末，炼蜜丸如梧桐子大，每服三十丸酒下，不拘时服，温水亦得。
Discourse states: When a person suffers from fatigue damaging the zang-fu organs, or has not yet recovered after a severe illness, the Ying (Nutritive) blood becomes insufficient. Yin deficiency within leads to internal heat. Heat causes body fluids to dry up and decrease, resulting in thirst and a desire to drink. However, fluid intake cannot be excessive; if too much is consumed, abdominal fullness and indigestion occur because Qi deficiency fails to transport and transform water.
Treatment for kidney qi insufficiency causing internal dryness and thirst: Shenli Decoction (Kidney Drip Decoction).
Raw Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Washed, cut, dried) 1 liang, Alismae Rhizoma 1 liang, Polygalae Radix (Heart removed) 1 liang, Cinnamomi Ramulus (Bark removed) 1 liang, Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Cut, dried) 1 liang, Os Draconis 1 liang, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Roasted, cut) 1 liang.
The above thirteen ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. For each dose, take one sheep kidney, remove fascia, and slice. Boil the kidney in 1.5 sheng of water until reduced to 1 sheng. Remove the kidney, add 3 qianbi of the coarse powder, and decoct until 0.7 parts remain. Strain and take warm, at any time.
Treatment for Qi deficiency causing dry thirst and excessive drinking: Huangqi Decoction.
Astragali Radix (Finely cut) 1 liang, Trichosanthis Radix (Cut) 1 liang, Ophiopogonis Radix (Heart removed, dried) 1 liang, Poria Cocos with Red Cortex (Black skin removed) 1 liang, Ginseng Radix 1 liang, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma 1 liang, Coptidis Rhizoma (Fibers removed) 1 liang, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Cut, dried) 1 liang, Raw Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Dried) 1 liang, Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma (Soaked in wine overnight, dried) 1 liang, Cistanches Herba (Soaked in wine overnight, wrinkled skin removed, cut, dried) 1 liang.
The above twelve ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct in 1 sheng of water until 0.7 parts remain. Strain and take warm, at any time.
Treatment for deficiency-thirst with excessive drinking leading to bodily edema and fullness: Renshen Decoction.
Ginseng Radix 2 liang, Astragali Radix (Finely cut) 2 liang, Inulae Flos 1 liang, Morus Albae Cortex Radicis (Cut) 1 liang, Perillae Folium 0.5 liang, Rhinocerotis Cornu (Shaved into flakes) 0.5 liang.
The above ten ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct in 1.5 sheng of water until 1 sheng remains. Strain and take warm, at any time.
Treatment for organ deficiency dryness causing thirst: Maidong Pill.
Ophiopogonis Radix (Heart removed, dried) 1.5 liang, Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma (Soaked in wine overnight, dried) 1.5 liang, Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root (Tugua Gen) 1.5 liang, Corni Fructus 1.5 liang, Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum (Hair removed, roasted with butter) 1.5 liang, Massae Fermentatae Medicinales (Wood removed) 1.5 liang, Ginseng Radix 1.5 liang.
The above twelve ingredients are pounded into fine powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with warm water, at any time.
Treatment for deficiency-thirst with incessant drinking causing epigastric and abdominal fullness: Muxiang Decoction.
Costi Radix 0.5 liang, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Pulp removed, bran-roasted) 0.5 liang, Paeoniae Radix Rubra 0.5 liang, Arecae Semen (Freshly cut) 0.5 liang, Morus Albae Cortex Radicis (Cut, roasted) 1 liang, Astragali Radix (Finely cut) 1 liang, Cardamomi Fructus (Skin removed) 1 liang, Eriobotryae Folium (Hairs wiped off, roasted) 1 liang, Coptidis Rhizoma (Fibers removed) 1 liang, Cinnamomi Ramulus (Bark removed) 0.3 fen, Ginseng Radix 1.5 liang.
The above eleven ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct in 1 sheng of water until 0.7 parts remain. Strain and take warm, at any time.
Treatment for persistent deficiency-dryness thirst: Huangqi Pill.
Astragali Radix (Finely cut) 2 liang, Schisandrae Fructus 2 liang, Pruni Mume Fructus (Flesh taken, roasted) 1 liang, Ophiopogonis Radix (Heart removed, dried) 1 liang, Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum (Processed) 0.5 liang, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Dried) 0.5 liang, Alismae Rhizoma 0.5 liang.
The above ten ingredients are pounded into fine powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with Jiangshui (fermented grain water), at any time.
Treatment for unregulated deficiency-thirst drinking: Renshen Decoction.
Ginseng Radix 2 liang, Schisandrae Fructus 0.3 fen, Arecae Pericarpium 0.3 fen, Poria Cocos with Red Cortex (Black skin removed) 1.5 liang, Morus Albae Cortex Radicis (Cut, roasted) 1.5 liang, Astragali Radix (Finely cut) 1.5 liang, Paeoniae Radix Rubra 1 liang, Scutellariae Radix (Black heart removed) 1 liang, Puerariae Radix (Cut) 1 liang, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Pulp removed, bran-roasted) 0.3 fen.
The above ten ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct in 1 sheng of water until 0.7 parts remain. Strain and take warm, at any time.
Treatment for organ deficiency with dry tongue root and incessant thirst: Dihuang Pill.
Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Cut, dried) 1 liang, Corni Fructus 1 liang, Dioscoreae Rhizoma 1 liang, Alismae Rhizoma 1 liang, Moutan Cortex 1 liang, Poria Cocos (Black skin removed) 1 liang, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Cracked, skin and umbilicus removed) 1 liang, Cinnamomi Ramulus (Bark removed) 0.1 fen.
The above eight ingredients are pounded into fine powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with warm water, at any time.
Treatment for persistent deficiency-thirst: Yiyiren Decoction.
Coicis Semen 1.5 liang, Schisandrae Fructus 1.5 liang, Rubi Fructus 2 liang, Raw Prepared Rehmanniae Radix (Cut, dried) 2 liang, Lycii Fructus 2 liang, Perillae Caulis et Folium 1 liang, Astragali Radix (Finely cut) 1 liang, Akebiae Caulis 1 liang, Poria Cocos (Black skin removed) 3 liang.
The above nine ingredients are coarsely pounded and sifted. Take 3 qianbi per dose, decoct in 1 sheng of water until 0.7 parts remain. Strain and take warm, at any time.
Treatment for deficiency-thirst with irritability and difficult urination: Lurong Pill.
Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum (Hair removed, roasted with butter) 1 liang, Astragali Radix (Finely cut) 1 liang, Ginseng Radix 1 liang, Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root 1 liang, Corni Fructus 1 liang, Eucommiae Cortex (Bark removed, cut, roasted) 1 liang, Mantidis Oötheca (Roasted) 1 liang, Trichosanthis Radix 1 liang, Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma (Soaked in wine overnight, separately pounded) 1.1 liang, Cistanches Herba (Soaked in wine overnight, wrinkled skin removed) 1.1 liang, Gavis Internus Ventriculi (Ten pieces, roasted dry).
The above eleven ingredients are pounded into fine powder, mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with wine, at any time. Warm water may also be used.