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Folium Lycii (Leaves of Lycium chinense), bitter, neutral, astringent, non-toxic. It tonifies deficiency and emaciation, benefits essence and marrow.

Cucurbitis Semen (Winter Melon Seed), sweet, neutral, cold, non-toxic. It makes the complexion lustrous and beautiful, benefits qi, and removes chest fullness. Also known as Bai Guazi, it is the seed of Benincasa hispida (Winter Melon).

Fructus Benincasae (Winter Melon Flesh), sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. It removes abdominal water distension, promotes urination, and relieves Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome).

Cucumis melo var. flexuosus (Yue Gua / Snake Melon), sweet, neutral, non-toxic. It should not be eaten for long periods; it benefits the stomach and intestines.

Cucumis sativus (Hu Gua / Cucumber), sweet, cold, toxic. It should not be eaten in excess, as it can trigger chills and fever, cause frequent malaria, and accumulate blood stasis and heat.

General Melons (Fan Gua), sweet, cold, slippery, non-toxic. They relieve thirst, but excessive consumption causes itching and damp sores in the genital area, and jaundice. Huangdi stated: Do not eat melons that have been frosted in the ninth month; doing so will induce chills, fever, and warm diseases in winter. Upon initial consumption, it may induce vomiting. After eating, fluid retention may occur in the heart region that cannot digest itself, or lead to regurgitation. Melons that sink in water, if eaten, cause cold diseases that are incurable throughout life.

Semen Malvae (Dong Kui Zi), sweet, cold, non-toxic. It treats chills and fever with emaciation in the five zang and six fu organs, breaks up five types of Lin syndrome (dysuria), promotes urination, and treats difficult lactation and blood obstruction in women. The leaves are sweet, cold, slippery, and non-toxic; they benefit the spleen. Long-term consumption benefits stomach qi, but the heart of the plant harms people. Huangdi stated: Old Malva verticillata leaves after frost, if eaten raw, trigger five types of flowing fluid retention diseases; excessive fluid leads to vomiting of water. Eating Malva vegetables with carp harms people.

Fructus Amaranthi (Xian Cai Shi), sweet, cold, astringent, non-toxic. It treats blindness (Qing Mang) and white cornea, brightens the eyes, removes pathogenic factors, promotes bowel and urinary movement, removes chills and fever, and kills roundworms. Also known as Ma Xian, which is Portulaca oleracea (Purslane), used to treat fan-shaped ulcers.

Small Purslane (Xiao Xian Cai), sweet, very cold, slippery, non-toxic. It can be eaten for a long time, benefits strength, and removes heat. It must not be eaten with turtle meat, as it forms "Bie Jia" (turtle-like masses); Fern vegetables also form such masses.

Herba Sonchi (Ku Cai), bitter, very cold, slippery, non-toxic. It treats pathogenic factors in the five zang organs, anorexia, Wei Bi (gastric obstruction), Chang Pi (dysentery), extreme thirst with internal heat, sudden illnesses, and malignant sores.

Herba Capsellae (Ji Cai), sweet, warm, astringent, non-toxic. It benefits liver qi and harmonizes the middle jiao, and kills various toxins. Its seeds treat brightening eyes and eye pain with tearing. Its root treats dry and painful eyes.

Radix Brassicae & Fructus Raphani (Yan Jing & Lu Bo Cai), bitter, cold, astringent, non-toxic. They benefit the five zang organs, lighten the body, and benefit qi. Semen Brassicae (Wu Jing Zi), brightens the eyes. When steamed and dried nine times, it treats jaundice and promotes urination. The root treats wind-heat toxin swelling; it should not be eaten long-term as it causes qi distension.

Brassica rapa var. pekinensis (Song Cai), sweet, warm, astringent, non-toxic. Long-term consumption unblocks and benefits the stomach and intestines, removes chest vexation, and resolves wasting-thirst.

Herba Sinapis (Jie Cai), pungent, warm, non-toxic. It enters the nose channel, removes kidney pathogens, strongly stops cough and rebellious qi, directs qi downward, unblocks the nine orifices, brightens eyes, sharpens hearing, and stabilizes the middle. Its seeds are pungent; pungency enters the nose channel and is toxic. It treats throat obstruction (Hou Bi) and removes all wind-toxin swellings.

Medicago sativa (Mu Xu), bitter, neutral, astringent, non-toxic. It stabilizes the middle, benefits the four limbs, and can be eaten for a long time.

Semen Perillae (Ren Zi), pungent, warm, non-toxic. It treats cough and rebellious qi, warms the middle, and supplements marrow. Its leaves regulate the middle and remove foul odors.

Fructum Polygoni (Liao Shi), pungent, warm, non-toxic. It brightens eyes, warms the middle, helps muscles resist wind-cold, eliminates water qi causing facial/eye edema, and prevents carbuncles. Its leaves are pungent, enter the tongue channel, treat pathogenic factors in the large and small intestines, benefit the middle, and strengthen will. Huangdi stated: Excessive consumption of Polygonum is toxic and causes heart pain. Women during menstruation should avoid Polygonum and garlic.

Allium fistulosum (Cong Shi), pungent, warm, non-toxic. It brightens eyes and supplements the middle. The white stem treats chills and fever from Tai Yang cold damage, bone and flesh pain, induces sweating, treats wind-stroke with facial edema, throat obstruction, calms the fetus, and counteracts the toxicity of Cinnamomi Ramulus. The green leaves enter the eye channel, remove liver pathogens, stabilize the middle, benefit the five zang organs, and kill the toxicity of hundred medicines. The roots and hairs treat headache from cold damage. Onion mucus and fresh juice stop hematuria and resolve Veratrum nigrum and Cinnamomi Ramulus toxicity. Huangdi stated: Eating raw scallion with honey causes diarrhea; eating roasted scallion with honey causes death by qi stagnation. In the first lunar month, do not eat raw scallion, as it causes migratory wind on the face. Lou Cong removes miasma and evil toxins; long-term consumption benefits gallbladder qi and strengthens will.

Rhizoma Allii Macrostemonis (Xie), bitter, pungent, warm, slippery, non-toxic. It treats traumatic injuries and ulcerated sores, promotes muscle growth, removes chills and fever, eliminates water qi, warms the middle, dissipates nodulated qi, benefits postpartum women, and treats various sores in patients, wind-stroke with cold-water edema. Apply crushed fresh herb externally. For fish bones stuck in the throat, eating it removes them. Huangdi stated: Do not cook Xie with beef into soup, as it forms masses. Chives are similar.

Herba Allii Tuberosi (Jiu), pungent, sour, warm, astringent, non-toxic. It stabilizes the five zang organs, removes heat in the stomach. Patients with chronic cold in the heart and abdomen will suffer aggravation upon eating it. Its seeds treat nocturnal emission, white urine. The root boiled in juice nourishes hair.

Bulbus Lilii (Bai He - *Note: Text says Bai He but context suggests specific vegetable part or typo, translating literally*), pungent, slightly warm, astringent, non-toxic. It treats gu poisoning and malaria. Crush and take two he of juice, twice daily. The rooted bulb treats various sores.

Perilla frutescens (Zi Su), pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. It directs qi downward and removes cold in the middle. Its seeds are particularly effective.

Elsholtzia ciliata (Ji Su), pungent, slightly warm, astringent, non-toxic. It treats hematemesis and directs qi downward. Also known as Shui Su.

Fructum Coriandri (Hu Sui Zi), sour, neutral, non-toxic. It aids digestion and restores taste. The leaves should not be eaten long-term as they cause forgetfulness. Hua Tuo stated: Hu Sui vegetable patients with body odor... [Text incomplete].

Thallus Sargassum (Hai Zao), salty, cold, slippery, non-toxic. It treats goiter and knotted qi, dissipates hard painful knots under the neck.

Thallus Laminariae (Kun Bu), salty, cold, slippery, non-toxic. It eliminates twelve types of edema, goiter and knotted qi, sores, and breaks up accumulations.

Glebionis coronaria (Tong Hao), pungent, neutral, non-toxic. It calms heart qi, nourishes spleen and stomach, and transforms phlegm-fluids.

Artemisia capillaris (Bai Hao), bitter, pungent, neutral, non-toxic. It nourishes the five zang organs, supplements middle qi, and promotes hair growth.

Malva verticillata (Wu Kui), also known as Shu Kui, sweet, slightly cold, slippery, non-toxic. The flowers calm heart qi; the leaves remove external heat, benefit the stomach and intestines. Do not eat long-term as it dulls mental clarity. If bitten by a dog after eating it, the wound will never heal.

Folium Sojae (Huo), salty, cold, astringent, non-toxic. It benefits the kidneys, treats frequent urination and defecation. Removes irritability and heat.

Herba Elsholtziae (Xiang Ru), pungent, slightly warm. It treats cholera with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea; dissipates edema and irritability; removes heat.

Trapa natans (Tian Hu), sweet, neutral, slippery, non-toxic. It treats wasting-thirst and malignant sores, rotting pain in nose and mouth. Bian Que stated: Those with Hong Kong foot (podagra) and false distension must not eat it, or the disease will never be cured.

[Subject missing], sweet, cold, slippery, non-toxic. It treats wasting-thirst and hot bi syndrome; excessive consumption triggers hemorrhoids.

Basella alba (Luo Kui), sour, cold, non-toxic. It lubricates the middle, dissipates heat and excess, and beautifies the face.

Houttuynia cordata (Ji), pungent, slightly warm, slightly toxic. It treats wounds from earwigs/urushiol; excessive consumption causes asthma, disadvantages the feet, and causes foot pain.

Allium sativum (Hu), pungent, warm, toxic. It treats sores, removes wind pathogens, kills gu poison and qi toxins. Single-clove bulbs are best. Huangdi stated: Eating raw garlic with fermented green fish causes internal sores, intestinal swelling, and hernia/masses. Having intercourse after eating much raw garlic damages liver qi and causes pallor.

Allium macrostemon (Xiao Suan), pungent, warm, non-toxic. It treats cholera with abdominal discomfort, aids digestion, regulates stomach qi, warms the middle, and removes pathogenic cold-damp toxins. Huangdi stated: Eating Xiao Suan with raw fish depletes qi and causes testicular pain.

Xanthii Fructus (Cang Er Zi), bitter, sweet, warm. Leaves are bitter, pungent, slightly cold, astringent, slightly toxic. They treat head wind-cold pain, wind-damp bi, limb stiffness and spasms, remove bad flesh and dead skin, knee pain, and溪毒 (stream toxins). Long-term use benefits qi, clarifies ears and eyes, strengthens will, and lightens the body. Huangdi stated: Cang Er with husks must not be eaten with pork, as it is harmful... [Text incomplete].

Evodia rutaecarpa (Shi Zhu Yu), pungent, bitter, very warm, non-toxic. Aged ones are good; closed-mouth ones are toxic and unusable. It stops pain, directs qi downward, removes cough and rebellious qi, removes cold in the five zang organs, warms the middle, and treats cold excess that does not digest. The white bark treats evil qi abdominal pain and toothache. Fine roots remove three types of worms and tapeworms. For wind-stroke causing facial paralysis and inability to speak, take one sheng of Evodia (excluding closed-mouth ones) and three sheng of good soybean paste, boil in clear wine for four or five boils, take the cooled juice...

Zanthoxylum bungeanum (Shu Jiao), pungent, very hot, toxic. It treats pathogens, warms the middle, directs qi downward, retains fluids and undigested food, drives out cold from the skin, removes dead skin, damp-bi pain, cold qi below the heart, removes cold from five zang and six fu organs, accumulated cold in bones and joints, treats warm malaria and great wind, spontaneous sweating, stops diarrhea, and disperses wind pathogens. Closed-mouth peppers harm people; their black seeds are slightly toxic and promote urination.

Rhizoma Zingiberis Siccatum (Gan Jiang), pungent, hot, non-toxic. It treats chest fullness, cough and rebellious qi, warms the middle, stops bleeding and sweating, drives out wind-damp bi, treats dysentery and diarrhea, cold abdominal pain, evil qi cholera, distension, wind pathogens and various toxins, interstitial qi in skin, and stops spitting blood. Fresh ginger is better.

Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Sheng Jiang), pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. It treats headache from cold damage, removes phlegm, directs qi downward, promotes sweating. Removes nasal congestion, cough and rebellious qi. Stops vomiting, removes foul odor from chest/diaphragm, and clarifies the spirit.

Malva verticillata (Jin Kui), bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Long-term use removes heart vexation and anxiety, moves cold-phlegm, heavy body, and lethargy.

Brassica campestris (Yun Tai), pungent, cold, non-toxic. Treats waist and leg bi. Those with old waist/leg pain must not eat it, or it will worsen. Also treats migratory swelling and erysipelas.

Phyllostachys edulis (Zhu Sun), sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. It treats wasting-thirst, promotes water passages, benefits qi and strength, and can be eaten long-term. Cold-type patients experience heart pain upon eating it.

Lactuca indica (Ye Ju), bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Long-term use lightens the body and reduces sleep. Do not eat with honey, or it causes hemorrhoids.

Lactuca sativa (Bai Ju), bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Benefits sinews and strength. Do not eat with dairy, or it causes parasites.

Fructum Foeniculi (Hui Xiang Cai - *Note: Text notes character correction*), bitter, pungent, slightly cold, astringent, non-toxic. It treats cholera, repels heat, and removes bad breath. Boiling smelly meat with water and adding a little... [Text incomplete] removes the smell, hence the name Hui Xiang. It is also fragrant in spoiled sauce powder. Its seeds treat snakebite sores that do not heal; apply crushed herb. It also treats nine types of... [Text incomplete].

Mushrooms (Xun Cai), bitter, cold, non-toxic. It treats infant erysipelas, various toxic swellings, and acute heat.

Basella rubra (Bian Zhu Ye), bitter, neutral, astringent, non-toxic. It treats impetigo, scabies, carbuncles, and hemorrhoids; kills three types of worms; treats vaginal erosion in women. Bian Que stated: Boil juice and give to children to take cold to treat roundworms.

[Subject missing], bitter, sour, cold, astringent, non-toxic. Benefits sinews and strength, removes latent heat, treats five types of jaundice. Crush fresh herb, squeeze juice, take one sheng cold, twice daily.

Huangdi stated: On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, do not eat any vegetables, as it triggers hundred diseases. All vegetables must be cooked thoroughly and eaten hot. After recovery from seasonal illness, eating all meats and garlic, followed by sexual intercourse, will result in death upon disease recurrence. After recovery, if not fully healthy, eating raw green vegetables causes cyanosis and swelling of hands and feet. After recovery, if not healthy, eating green vegetables and then having intercourse... [Text incomplete]