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[Pathogenesis] Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), which belongs to Yang Qi, converges at the Fengfu point (GV16) during its daily cycle. At this time, the Cou Li (skin texture and pores) open; when the Cou Li open, pathogenic factors enter, and upon entry, the disease manifests. At the time of onset, Yin and Yang Qi contend with each other, and depending on which side prevails, cold and heat symptoms are generated; thus, the timing of attacks varies from early to late. If the Zang-Fu organs are invaded by pathogenic factors, leading to a loss of internal and external defense...

The *Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up My Sleeve) treats malaria with irregular attack times: For malaria accompanied by irritability and heat in the epigastrium, use the Changshan Tang formula.
Changshan (Dichroa Radix, 2 liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 liang, honey-fried) Chishi (Fermented Soybean Paste, 5 he, wrapped in silk gauze)
Cut the above three herbs, decoct in 6 sheng of water, remove the dregs, and obtain 2 sheng of liquid. Take in two doses. The administration should induce severe vomiting. Regulate diet accordingly. Avoid consuming Haizao (Sargassum Herb), Songcai (Chinese Cabbage), raw Cong (Scallion), and raw vegetables. (Wen Zhong's formula is identical.)

Another prescription: Jizi Changshan Wan (Chicken Egg Changshan Pill), treating various types of malaria, especially those cases where previous medications and methods have failed to cure, and attacks occur at unpredictable intervals that cannot be stopped. It is suitable to take this pill. Observe dietary restrictions and avoid physical exertion to achieve a cure.
Changshan (Dichroa Radix, 3 liang)
Pulverize the above single herb into powder. Mix with egg white and roll into pills the size of Sophora seeds (Wutongzi), ensuring they are round. After preparation, place them individually in copper vessels. Heat the copper vessels using hot water until the fishy odor of the egg is eliminated. Administer thirty pills with a clear infusion made from Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf). Allow vomiting if it occurs. Before the anticipated time of the malaria attack, ensure three doses are taken. If the attack is expected early, one may eat to help stop the episode; if the attack is expected late, do not eat, but consume an infusion of Zhu Ye and millet porridge instead. Avoid raw Cong (Scallion) and raw vegetables. (Jing Xin Lu agrees; both cited from Volume I.)

[Pathogenesis] Malaria arises from summer-heat injury in summer. Its manifestations include severe chills in autumn, mild chills in winter, aversion to wind in spring, and profuse sweating in summer. However, its attacks follow a specific pattern. When malaria first begins, it starts with piloerection and yawning, followed by rigors, trembling of the jaw, and pain in the lower back and spine. Once the cold subsides, both interior and exterior become hot, accompanied by headache, thirst, and a desire for cold drinks. What causes this? This results from the contention between Yin and Yang above and below, alternating deficiency and excess, and the shifting of Yin and Yang Qi. When Yang merges into Yin, Yin becomes full while Yang Ming becomes deficient; Yang Ming deficiency leads to rigors and jaw trembling; Tai Yang deficiency leads to pain in the waist, back, head, and neck; when all three Yang meridians are deficient, Yin Qi prevails; Yin Qi prevailing leads to cold bones and pain, with cold generating from within, causing coldness throughout the body. Excess Yang causes exterior heat, while Yin deficiency causes interior heat; when both interior and exterior are hot, there is panting and thirst, hence the desire for cold drinks. All these result from summer-heat injury in summer, where excessive heat qi resides inside the skin and outside the stomach and intestines, which is the abode of Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi). This causes sweating with open pores and open Cou Li. Consequently, encountering autumn air, sweat exposure to wind, or water vapor from bathing allows pathogens to settle inside the skin, residing together with Wei Qi. Wei Qi travels through the Yang aspects during the day and the Yin aspects at night. This pathogen, meeting Yang Qi, moves outward; meeting Yin Qi, it contends inward. The contention between interior and exterior causes daily attacks. For every-other-day attacks, it is because the pathogen's abode is deep, contending internally with Yin. Yang Qi alone flares up, while Yin pathogen remains fixed internally. The contention between Yin and Yang prevents exit, resulting in every-other-day attacks. (Cited from Volume XI.)

*Duǎn Jù Fāng* (Short Treatise Formulas) Changshan Tang treats malaria starting with severe rigors, followed by high fever after the chill breaks, occurring daily or every other day, serving as a curative formula.
Biejia (Tartaric Turtle Shell, 1 liang, fried) Dan Zhuye (Light Bamboo Leaf, cut, 3 sheng, washed) Changshan (Dichroa Radix, 2 liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, 3 liang, fried) Jiujiu (Aged Wine, 3 sheng)
Cut the above five herbs. Soak them in wine. Place a knife on top and cover. Leave the head end exposed outdoors overnight. On the next morning, add 7 sheng of water, decoct to obtain 3 sheng. Divide into five doses. Complete all doses before the anticipated attack time. Vomiting should occur. If vomiting is too severe and damaging, it is not necessary to finish the entire dose; simply aim to stop the malaria. Restrict food and drink until after the vomiting has passed, which is favorable. Avoid Renxian (Amaranthus Herb), Haizao (Sargassum Herb), Songcai (Chinese Cabbage), raw Cong (Scallion), and raw vegetables. (Cited from Volume VI.)

*Ji Yan Fang* (Collected Proven Prescriptions) Malaria necessarily begins in the four limbs. Treatment method.
Approximately one meal's duration before the attack, tightly bind the ten fingers of the hands and feet with a thin left-twisted rope. Release only after the attack time has passed. (*Qian Jin Fang* agrees.)

Another method:
Prepare mutton pancakes and eat until full. Drink a small amount of wine according to tolerance, aiming for a pleasant feeling of warmth. Enter a sealed room, light charcoal fires inside, and cover oneself densely to induce profuse sweating, which leads to recovery. Duke of Yan (Su Wei) stated that this prescription is commonly used and effective. (Both cited from Volume II. Fang Tuweak noted: Effective for those with weak constitution; may exacerbate conditions in those with strong constitution.)

Another method for treating Warm Malaria and Labor Malaria: Wumei Yinzi Formula.
Wumei (Dark Plum Fruit, 7 pieces) Taoliuxin (Heart of Peach and Willow branches, 7 stems each) Congbai (White Part of Scallion, 7 stems) Chishi (Fermented Soybean Paste, 1 he) Gancao (Licorice Root, 4 fen) Chaihu (Bupleurum Root, 4 fen)
Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome, 4 fen) Dahuang (Rhubarb Root, 3 fen)
Finely chop the above eight herbs separately. Soak overnight in two tea bowls of urine from a young boy. On the next morning, boil for three boils, remove dregs, and take in one dose. If cured, fine; if not, prepare again. Take three doses. If still not cured... Avoid Haizao (Sargassum Herb) and Songcai (Chinese Cabbage).

Another method for treating persistent Warm Malaria and Phlegm Malaria: Huanglian San Formula.
Xuanzhou Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome from Xuanzhou, 2 liang)
Pulverize the above single herb into powder. Mix with one cup of strong wine and administer 3 qian orally in one dose on an empty stomach. Subsequently, take another 3 qian. Then drink three cups of wine until intoxicated as desired. Lie down to sleep. Only eat after the attack period has passed. If thirsty, drink decoction of Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange). Cure within three days of treatment. Avoid pork and cold water.