夫痫者。小儿恶病也。十岁以上为癫。十岁以下为痫。其发之状。或口眼相引。而目睛
上戴。或手足螈 。或背强直。或颈项反折。诸方说痫。名证不同。大较其发之源。皆因三
种。三种者。风痫。惊痫。食痫是也。风痫者。因衣浓汗出。而风入为之。惊痫者。因惊怖
大啼乃发。食痫者。因乳哺不节所成。然小儿气血微弱。易为伤动。因此三种。变作诸痫。
凡诸痫正发。手足掣缩。慎勿捉持之。捉则令曲戾不随也。凡少小有痫病者。痉病者。皆由
脏气不平故也。新生即痫者。是五脏不收敛。血气不聚。五脉不流故也。多令不育。其一月
四十日以上至期岁而痫者。皆由五脉不流。骨法不成。亦由乳养失所。风邪所中也。病先身
热螈 惊掣啼唤。而后发痫成病。脉浮者为阳痫。内在六腑。外在肌肤。犹易治。病先身冷
。不惊掣。不啼唤。仍成病。发时脉沉者为阴痫。内在五脏。及在骨髓。极难治也。病发身
软时醒者。谓之痫也。身强直。反张如弓。不时醒者。谓之痉也。凡脉浮之与沉。以别其病
在阴阳表里耳。其浮沉复有大小滑涩虚实迟快。诸证各依脉形为治也。凡痫病者。小儿之恶
病
脉
不
儿
时
而
卧梦笑手足动摇是痫候。意气下而妄怒是痫候。痰咽乳不利是痫候。
目瞳子卒大异常是痫候。喜久目上视是痫候。
身热小便难是痫候。身热目视不精是痫候。吐利不
诸痫之初发候也。
又有五脏痫。及六畜痫。肝痫之为病。面青目反视。手足动摇。心痫之为病。面赤心下
有热
面黑
痫之
喜惊
痫在
治小儿五种痫。手足动摇。眼目反视。口吐涎沫。心神喜惊。身体壮热。朱砂散
方。
朱砂（一分细研） 白蔹（一分） 杏仁（一分汤浸去皮心双仁麸炒微黄） 露蜂房（一
分）
桂
上件药。捣细罗为散。入研了药令匀。每服。以乳汁调下一字。日五服。量儿大小加减
服之
治小儿二十五种风痫。无时发动。宜服天麻散方。
天麻（三分） 防葵（三分） 牛黄（一分细研） 真珠末（三分） 天竹黄（三分细
研） 威灵
仙（
上件药。捣细罗为散。更研乳入。每有疾之时。取鸡冠血三两滴子。与新汲水一合。打
散令
治小儿二十四种惊痫。壮热。掣手足。呕逆。夜啼。睡卧不安。惊痢。虎睛丸方。
虎睛（一对微炙细研） 牛黄（半两细研） 栀子仁（半两） 白茯苓（半两） 人参
（一两去
芦头）
（一两锉碎
微炒）
上件药。捣罗为末。细研令匀。炼蜜和丸。如梧桐子大。一二岁儿每服。以熟水研破一
丸服
治小儿二十四种惊痫。壮热。抽掣手足。呕吐夜啼。睡卧不安。虎睛丸方。
虎睛（一对微炙细研） 牛黄（一分细研） 人参（半两去芦头） 白茯苓（一分） 川
大黄
（一分
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和丸。如绿豆大。一二岁儿。每服以乳汁化破二丸服。三四岁
儿。
治小儿二十四种诸惊痫。眼口牵掣。嚼舌反拗。牛黄散方。
牛黄（一分细研） 钩藤（一两半） 石膏（一两半细研） 甘草（一两炙微赤锉） 蛇
蜕皮
（半分
上件药。捣罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。
煎至五分。去滓。入牛黄一字。不计时候。量儿大小。分减温服。
治小儿诸痫。惊惕螈 。及客忤。宜服牛黄丸方。
牛黄（半两细研） 人参（半两去芦头） 细辛（半两） 蚱蝉（七枚去翅足微炙） 川
大黄
（一两
栝
蒌根（半
芍药
（半两）
上件药。捣罗为末。入巴豆研令匀。炼蜜和捣三二百杵。丸如麻子大。初生一月至百日
儿。
治小儿诸痫。蛇蜕皮散方。
蛇蜕皮（五寸微炙令黄） 细辛（半两） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉） 钩藤（半两） 黄
（半两）
川
上件药。捣细罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。
煎至五分。去滓。量儿大小。加减服之。
治小儿未盈月及出月。壮热发痫。宜服钩藤散方。
钩藤皮（一分） 蚱蝉（二两微炙） 柴胡（半两去苗） 川升麻（半两） 蛇蜕皮（五
寸微炙）
甘
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。
煎至五分。去滓。入竹沥半合。更煎三两沸。量儿大小。加减温服。
治小儿初生百日内发痫。蚱蝉散方。
蚱蝉（三分微炒） 黄芩（半两） 赤芍药（三分） 细辛（半两） 钩藤〔半两（分）〕
蛇蜕
皮（
（一分细
研） 川大黄（一两
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。
煎至五分。去滓。量儿大小。分减温温服之。
治小儿百日内发痫。连发不醒。及胎中带风。体冷面青。身体反张。麻黄散方。
麻黄（一分去根节） 甘草（一分炙微赤锉） 羌活〔三两（分）〕 柴胡（三分去苗）
川大
黄（
微黄去瓤）
蛇蜕皮（五寸炙
黄〕 杏
仁（半两汤浸去
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。
煎至五分。去滓。更入竹沥半合。煎三两沸。量儿大小。加减服之。
治小儿百日以来。至三四岁。肝心风热。发惊痫连纵。身体如火。犀角散方。
犀角屑（一两） 钩藤（一两） 黄芩（一两） 川升麻（一两） 麦门冬（一两半去
心焙） 龙
齿（
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。用水一小盏。入竹叶七片。
煎至五分。去滓。量儿大小加减温服。
治小儿一岁至四岁。壮热。大惊发痫。石膏散方。
石膏（一两细研） 蚱蝉（二枚微炙） 柴胡（一两半去苗） 川升麻（三分） 钩藤
（三分）
子芩
黄（三分
去根
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服一钱。以水一小盏。
煎至五分。去滓。入竹沥一合。更煎一两沸。量儿大小。加减温服。
治小儿四五岁。忽患惊痫。钩藤散方。
钩藤（半两） 犀角屑（一分） 牛黄（一分细研） 虎睛（一对微炙） 防风（一分
去芦头）
栀子
分去芦头）
上件药。捣细罗为散。每服一钱。水一中盏。
煎至五分。去滓。分为二服。如人行二三里进一服。更量儿大小。以意加减。
治小儿诸痫。宜用固囟。大黄膏方。
川大黄（三分） 雄黄〔二（一）分〕 丹参（一分） 黄芩（一分） 生商陆（一两）
雷丸（半
两）
上件药。捣碎。以猪脂先入锅中。以文火熬令熔。以绵滤过。然后下药。煎令七上七下。
去
皆
治小儿痫。及百病伤寒。雷丸膏方。
雷丸（一分） 甘草〔一分（两）〕 防风（一两去芦头） 白术（三分） 桔梗（二
分去芦头）
莽
上件药。捣罗为末。以猪膏一片。先入铛。慢火煎令熔。后下药末。以柳蓖不住手搅成
膏。
Epilepsy is a severe disease in children. Those over ten years old are referred to as Dian (epileptic mania), and those under ten years old are referred to as Xian (infantile epilepsy). The symptoms upon onset may include: mouth and eyes deviating or pulling, with eyeballs rolling upward; convulsions of the hands and feet; stiffness and straightness of the back; or retrocollis (backward bending of the neck). Various medical texts describe different names and syndromes for epilepsy, but generally, its origin can be attributed to three types: Feng Xian (Wind Epilepsy), Jing Xian (Fright Epilepsy), and Shi Xian (Food Epilepsy). Wind Epilepsy arises from wind pathogen invasion after excessive sweating due to heavy clothing. Fright Epilepsy is triggered by fright, terror, and loud crying. Food Epilepsy results from irregular breastfeeding or feeding. However, infants have weak Qi and Blood and are easily injured or disturbed; thus, these three causes can transform into various forms of epilepsy. When any form of epilepsy is actively attacking, causing spasms and contraction of the hands and feet, one must not forcibly restrain the child, as this may cause deformities and loss of voluntary movement. Epilepsy and Spasm (Jing Bing) in young children are all caused by an imbalance of Zang-Fu organ Qi. Infantile epilepsy occurring immediately after birth is due to the failure of the Five Zang organs to consolidate, the inability of Blood and Qi to gather, and the stagnation of the Five Meridians; this often leads to infant mortality. Epilepsy occurring between forty days past one month of age up to one year of age is due to the stagnation of the Five Meridians and incomplete bone development, as well as improper nursing and invasion by wind pathogens. Such conditions first present with fever, convulsions, fright, and crying, before developing into full epilepsy. A floating pulse indicates Yang Epilepsy, where the pathology is located in the Six Fu organs and manifests externally on the skin and muscles; it is relatively easy to treat. If the illness begins with cold body temperature, without fright, convulsions, or crying, and develops into a condition with a deep pulse during attacks, it is Yin Epilepsy, where the pathology is located in the Five Zang organs and penetrates to the bone marrow; it is extremely difficult to treat. If the body becomes soft during an attack and the child regains consciousness between attacks, it is called Epilepsy (Xian); if the body remains stiff, presenting with opisthotonos (arching of the back like a bow), and the child does not regain consciousness, it is called Spasm (Jing). The distinction between floating and deep pulses is used to differentiate whether the disease is in the Yin/Yang or Exterior/Interior levels. Within these floating and deep qualities, there are further distinctions such as large, small, slippery, choppy, deficient, excess, slow, and rapid; treatment should be based on the pulse morphology corresponding to each syndrome.
For patients with epilepsy, the following signs indicate the presence of the disease: dreaming and laughing during sleep with shaking of hands and feet; low spirit accompanied by irrational anger; excessive phlegm, throat obstruction, and difficulty suckling milk; sudden abnormal dilation of the pupils; prolonged upward deviation of the eyes; fever with difficulty urinating; fever with dull gaze and lack of spirit; persistent vomiting and diarrhea. These are all initial signs of epilepsy.
There are also Five Zang Epilepsies and Six Livestock Epilepsies (referring to epileptic seizures resembling animal convulsions). Liver Epilepsy presents with a greenish complexion, upward or oblique gaze, and shaking of hands and feet. Heart Epilepsy presents with a red complexion and heat sensation in the epigastrium. Lung Epilepsy presents with a white complexion and susceptibility to fright. Spleen Epilepsy presents with a yellow complexion and abdominal distension. Kidney Epilepsy presents with a dark complexion and a preference for quiet stillness.
To treat five types of epilepsy in children, characterized by shaking of hands and feet, upward gaze, foaming at the mouth, mental frightfulness, and high fever, use Cinnabar Powder Formula (Zhusha San Fang).
Cinnabar (1 fen, finely ground) Bai Lian (Bai Lian Rhizome, 1 fen) Xing Ren (Apricot Seed, 1 fen, soaked in water, skin and heart removed, double kernels discarded, lightly fried with bran until slightly yellow) Lu Feng Fang (Honeycomb, 1 fen) Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig, 1 fen).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a fine mesh to make a powder. Mix thoroughly with the finely ground ingredients. For each dose, mix with breast milk and administer a quantity equivalent to "one character" (approx. 0.5-1g). Administer five times daily, adjusting the dosage according to the child's age and size.
To treat twenty-five types of Wind Epilepsy in children, which may occur at any time, use Tian Ma Powder Formula (Tianma San Fang).
Tian Ma (Gastrodia Rhizome, 3 fen) Fang Kui (Radix Anemarrhenae, 3 fen) Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, 1 fen, finely ground) Zhen Zhu Mo (Pearl Powder, 3 fen) Tian Zhu Huang (Bambusa Takahei Bamboo Insect Gall, 3 fen, finely ground) Wei Ling Xian (Radix Saposhnikoviae, 3 fen).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a fine mesh to make a powder. Further grind to ensure fineness. When an attack occurs, take three drops of rooster comb blood and mix with one he (approx. 20ml) of fresh well water. Dissolve the powder in this mixture and administer.
To treat twenty-four types of Fright Epilepsy in children, characterized by high fever, convulsions of hands and feet, vomiting, nocturnal crying, restlessness during sleep, and fright-induced dysentery, use Hu Jing Pill Formula (Hujing Wan Fang).
Hu Jing (Tiger Eye, one pair, lightly roasted and finely ground) Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, half liang, finely ground) Zhi Zi Ren (Gardenia Seed, half liang) Bai Fu Ling (Poria, half liang) Ren Shen (Ginseng Root, one liang, radix removed).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a mesh to make a powder. Grind finely and mix uniformly. Bind with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds (Wutong Zi). For children aged one to two years, dissolve one pill in warm water and administer per dose.
To treat twenty-four types of Fright Epilepsy in children, characterized by high fever, convulsions of hands and feet, vomiting, nocturnal crying, and restlessness during sleep, use Hu Jing Pill Formula (Hujing Wan Fang).
Hu Jing (Tiger Eye, one pair, lightly roasted and finely ground) Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, 1 fen, finely ground) Ren Shen (Ginseng Root, half liang, radix removed) Bai Fu Ling (Poria, 1 fen) Chuan Da Huang (Rhubarb Root, 1 fen, sliced and lightly fried).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a mesh to make a powder. Bind with refined honey to form pills the size of mung bean seeds. For children aged one to two years, dissolve two pills in breast milk and administer per dose. For children aged three to four years, dissolve three pills in breast milk and administer per dose.
To treat twenty-four types of various Fright Epilepsies in children, characterized by traction and convulsions of the eyes and mouth, tongue biting, and head/neck retroversion, use Niu Huang Powder Formula (Niuhuang San Fang).
Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, 1 fen, finely ground) Gou Teng (Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis, 1.5 liang) Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1.5 liang, finely ground) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 liang, roasted until slightly red and sliced) She Tui Pi (Ophichthys Skin, half fen).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian (approx. 3-5g). Add one small zhan (approx. 50ml) of water, decoct until reduced to half (approx. 25ml). Strain the dregs. Add "one character" amount of Niu Huang. Administer warm at any time, adjusting the dose according to the child's size.
To treat various epilepsies in children, characterized by fright, convulsions, and Ke Wu (invasion by external pathogenic factors), use Niu Huang Pill Formula (Niuhuang Wan Fang).
Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, half liang, finely ground) Ren Shen (Ginseng Root, half liang, radix removed) Xi Xin (Asarum Root, half liang) Zha Chan (Locusta, seven pieces, wings and feet removed, lightly roasted) Chuan Da Huang (Rhubarb Root, one liang, sliced and lightly fried) Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthes Root, half liang) Shao Yao (Peony Root, half liang).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a mesh to make a powder. Add Ba Dou (Croton Seed, separately ground and mixed evenly). Bind with refined honey and pound three to two hundred times. Form pills the size of sesame seeds. For infants aged one month to one hundred days, dissolve one pill in breast milk and administer per dose.
To treat various epilepsies in children, use She Tui Pi Powder Formula (Shetui Pi San Fang).
She Tui Pi (Ophichthys Skin, five cun, lightly roasted until yellow) Xi Xin (Asarum Root, half liang) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, half liang, roasted until slightly red and sliced) Gou Teng (Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis, half liang) Huang Qi (Astragalus Root, half liang) Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome, half liang).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a fine mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian. Add one small zhan of water, decoct until reduced to half. Strain. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
To treat high fever and epilepsy in infants未满 month and shortly after birth, use Gou Teng Powder Formula (Gouteng San Fang).
Gou Teng Pi (Uncaria Ramulus Cortex, 1 fen) Zha Chan (Locusta, two liang, lightly roasted) Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root, half liang, buds removed) Chuan Sheng Ma (Polygonatum Rhizome, half liang) She Tui Pi (Ophichthys Skin, five cun, lightly roasted) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 fen, roasted until slightly red and sliced).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a coarse mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian. Add one small zhan of water, decoct until reduced to half. Strain. Add half he of Bamboo Juice (Zhu Li). Boil for two or three boils. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size and administer warm.
To treat epilepsy occurring within the first hundred days after birth, use Zha Chan Powder Formula (Zhachan San Fang).
Zha Chan (Locusta, 3 fen, lightly fried) Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root, half liang) Chi Shao Yao (Red Peony Root, 3 fen) Xi Xin (Asarum Root, half liang) Gou Teng (Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis, half liang) She Tui Pi (Ophichthys Skin, five cun, lightly roasted) Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, 1 fen, finely ground) Chuan Da Huang (Rhubarb Root, one liang, sliced and lightly fried).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a coarse mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian. Add one small zhan of water, decoct until reduced to half. Strain. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size and administer warm.
To treat epilepsy occurring within the first hundred days, characterized by continuous attacks without regaining consciousness, fetal wind retention, cold body, blue-green complexion, and opisthotonos, use Ma Huang Powder Formula (Mahuang San Fang).
Ma Huang (Ephedra Stem, 1 fen, roots and joints removed) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 fen, roasted until slightly red and sliced) Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome, three liang) Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root, 3 fen, buds removed) Chuan Da Huang (Rhubarb Root, 1 fen, sliced and lightly fried) Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root, 1 fen) Xing Ren (Apricot Seed, half liang, soaked in water, skin and tips removed, double kernels discarded, lightly fried with bran until slightly yellow) She Tui Pi (Ophichthys Skin, five cun, roasted until yellow).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a coarse mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian. Add one small zhan of water, decoct until reduced to half. Strain. Add half he of Bamboo Juice. Boil for two or three boils. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
To treat children from one hundred days to three or four years of age, suffering from Liver and Heart Wind-Heat causing continuous convulsive epilepsy, with body heat like fire, use Xi Jiao Powder Formula (Xijiao San Fang).
Xi Jiao Xie (Rhinoceros Horn Shavings, one liang) Gou Teng (Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis, one liang) Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root, one liang) Chuan Sheng Ma (Polygonatum Rhizome, one liang) Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber, one and a half liang, heart removed and baked) Long Chi (Dragon Teeth, one liang, finely ground and washed with water).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a coarse mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian. Add one small zhan of water and seven leaves of Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf). Decoct until reduced to half. Strain. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size and administer warm.
To treat high fever and fright-induced epilepsy in children aged one to four years, use Shi Gao Powder Formula (Shigao San Fang).
Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, one liang, finely ground) Zha Chan (Locusta, two pieces, lightly roasted) Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root, one and a half liang, buds removed) Chuan Sheng Ma (Polygonatum Rhizome, 3 fen) Gou Teng (Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis, 3 fen) Zi Qin (Scutellaria Root, 3 fen, roots removed).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a coarse mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian. Add one small zhan of water, decoct until reduced to half. Strain. Add one he of Bamboo Juice. Boil for one or two boils. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size and administer warm.
To treat sudden onset of fright epilepsy in children aged four to five years, use Gou Teng Powder Formula (Gouteng San Fang).
Gou Teng (Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis, half liang) Xi Jiao Xie (Rhinoceros Horn Shavings, 1 fen) Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, 1 fen, finely ground) Hu Jing (Tiger Eye, one pair, lightly roasted) Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root, 1 fen, radix removed) Zhi Zi Ren (Gardenia Seed, 1 fen) Ren Shen (Ginseng Root, 1 fen, radix removed).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a fine mesh to make a powder. For each dose, take one qian. Add one zhong zhan (approx. 100ml) of water, decoct until reduced to half. Strain. Divide into two doses. Administer the first dose after walking for two or three li (approx. 1-1.5 km). Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
To treat various epilepsies in children, apply Gu Xi (Solidify Fontanelle) method using Da Huang Ointment Formula (Dahuang Gao Fang).
Chuan Da Huang (Rhubarb Root, 3 fen) Xiong Huang (Realgar, 2 fen) Dan Shen (Salvia Root, 1 fen) Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root, 1 fen) Sheng Shang Lu (Phytolacca Root, one liang) Lei Wan (Polyporus Pill, half liang).
Crush the above herbs. First place lard (Zhu Zhi) in a pot and melt over low heat. Filter through cotton cloth. Then add the herbs. Simmer allowing the mixture to rise and fall seven times. Strain the dregs. Apply to the fontanelle.
To treat epilepsy in children and various colds/fevers, use Lei Wan Ointment Formula (Leiwan Gao Fang).
Lei Wan (Polyporus Pill, 1 fen) Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 fen) Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root, one liang, radix removed) Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome, 3 fen) Jie Geng (Platycodon Root, 2 fen, radix removed) Mang Cao (Mang Cao, 1 fen).
Crush the above herbs and sieve through a mesh to make a powder. Place a piece of lard in a pan and melt over low heat. Then add the herb powder. Stir continuously with a willow twig until it forms an ointment.