治上吐下泻,心腹 痛,水食不下。
糯米(一百二十粒) 生姜(一块)
上作一处捣细,用新汲水解服。如仓卒无药,掘地坑投水搅之,待澄,取清饮之亦可,
名地浆。
霍乱已死,腹中尚有暖气。
上用盐纳脐中,灸二七壮,仍灸气海穴。
论曰∶诸虚《难经》所谓五损,因虚而致损也,一损损于皮毛,皮聚而毛落;二损损于
血脉,血脉虚少,不能荣于五脏六腑;三损损于肌肉,肌肉消瘦,饮食不为肌肤;四损损于
筋,筋缓不能自收持;五损损于骨,骨痿不能起于床。反此者皆脉之病也。从上下者,骨痿
不能起于床者死,从下上者,皮聚而毛落者死。损其肺者益其气,损其心者调其营卫,损其
脾者调其饮食、适其寒温,损其肝者缓其中,损其肾者益其精。夫人有五脏,要在乎心与肾
而已。二者何?盖心属火,火降则血流通,四肢和畅,肾属水,水升则精满,神气盛而肢体
和,则病不生。《素问》云∶恬澹虚无,真气从之,精神内守,病安从来。人能保惜,乃知
固养之道。或失调理,或心肾有亏,左阳升而不升,右阴降而不降,禀赋素弱,寒暑劳役,
或色欲过度,俱能损耗真气,以致肌体羸瘦,腰膝无力,小便频而又涩,目眩耳聋,遗精自
汗,甚则虚火上攻,面红喘满,遇热难禁,或下部湿热所袭,变生诸证,此皆虚劳之病。尽
力谋为,劳伤乎肝,应乎筋极;曲运神机,劳伤乎心,应乎脉极;意外过思,劳伤乎脾,应
乎肉极;预事而忧,劳伤乎肺,应乎气;极矜持志节,劳伤乎肾,应乎骨极。此五劳应乎五
脏之劳极。然精极者五脏六腑之气衰,形体皆极,眼视无明,齿焦发落,体重耳聋,行履不
正,邪气入于六腑,厥于五脏,故成精极。大抵虚损劳极之脉多弦,治疗之法,随其虚实冷
热而调之。精极者当补其精,《素问》所谓形不足者,温之以气,精不足者,补之以味。年
分门列,大略如此。若能保养,不妄作劳,精神俱备,所以天年庶百岁乃去。不能谨守,不
知持满,难保天年。临病之际,在乎详审。
Treats upper vomiting and lower diarrhea, heart and abdominal pain, and inability to take in food and water.
Glutinous Rice (120 grains) Fresh Ginger (one piece)
Grind the above ingredients together into a fine powder, and take with fresh well water. If medicines are unavailable in an emergency, dig a pit, pour in water and stir it; wait for the water to clarify, then drink the clear supernatant. This is called "Earth Slurry" (Di Jiang).
For cholera-like illness where the patient appears dead but warmth remains in the abdomen.
Place salt in the umbilicus and moxibustion for fourteen applications (two cycles of seven), followed by moxibustion on Qihai (CV6).
Treats cholera-like illness with muscle spasms (tetany/cramps).
Use one handful of Polygonum multiflorum vine (Liao), removing the head and tail, decoct in water for fumigation and washing. Another prescription uses aged Polygonum multiflorum vine.
Treats cholera-like illness with spasms extending into the abdomen.
Use a large amount of salt, decoct in water, and soak the affected area.
Discussion: Various deficiencies and damages refer to the "Five Damages" described in the Nan Jing (Classic of Difficult Issues), which result from weakness. The first damage affects the skin and hair, manifesting as gathered skin and falling hair; the second damage affects the blood vessels, resulting in deficient and scanty vessels unable to nourish the five zang and six fu organs; the third damage affects the muscles, leading to emaciation where food intake fails to build flesh; the fourth damage affects the sinews, causing flaccidity and inability to hold or control; the fifth damage affects the bones, resulting in bone atrophy and inability to rise from bed. Conditions contrary to these are diseases of the pulse. If the disease progresses from top to bottom, death occurs when bone atrophy prevents rising from bed; if it progresses from bottom to top, death occurs when skin gathers and hair falls out. For damage to the Lung, benefit its Qi; for damage to the Heart, regulate Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi); for damage to the Spleen, regulate diet and adapt to cold and heat; for damage to the Liver, soothe its interior (emotions/tension); for damage to the Kidney, benefit its Essence. Among the five zang organs, the Heart and Kidney are paramount. Why? The Heart belongs to Fire; when Fire descends, blood flows freely, and the four limbs are harmonious. The Kidney belongs to Water; when Water ascends, Essence is full, Shen (Spirit) and Qi are robust, and the body is harmonious, thus disease does not arise. The Su Wen (Basic Questions) states: "With tranquility and emptiness, True Qi follows; with spirit kept within, how can disease arise?" If one cherishes and preserves this, one understands the way of consolidating and nurturing. Neglect of regulation, or deficiency of Heart and Kidney, may cause Left Yang to fail to ascend and Right Yin to fail to descend. Constitutional weakness, exposure to cold and heat, overwork, or excessive sexual activity can all deplete True Qi, leading to emaciation, weak waist and knees, frequent and difficult urination, dizziness, deafness, seminal emission, spontaneous sweating, and in severe cases, deficient fire attacking upward, red face, panting and chest fullness, intolerance to heat, or invasion by damp-heat in the lower jiao, generating various syndromes. These are all diseases of consumptive fever (Xu Lao). Over-striving damages the Liver, corresponding to Sinew Extremity (Jin Ji); mental exertion damages the Heart, corresponding to Pulse Extremity (Mai Ji); excessive worry damages the Spleen, corresponding to Flesh Extremity (Rou Ji); anticipatory anxiety damages the Lung, corresponding to Qi Extremity (Qi Ji); rigid adherence to principles damages the Kidney, corresponding to Bone Extremity (Gu Ji). These five labors correspond to the extremities of labor in the five zang organs. Regarding Essence Extremity (Jing Ji), the Qi of the five zang and six fu organs declines, the form is extremely exhausted, vision is unclear, teeth are scorched, hair falls out, the body feels heavy, hearing is impaired, gait is unsteady, evil qi enters the six fu organs and rebels against the five zang organs, thus forming Essence Extremity. Generally, the pulse in deficiency and exhaustion extremes is often wiry (Xian). The treatment method involves regulating according to deficiency, excess, cold, and heat. For Essence Extremity, one must tonify the Essence. As stated in the Su Wen: "For those with insufficient form, warm them with Qi; for those with insufficient essence, tonify them with Flavor." Listed by year categories, this is the general principle. If one can preserve oneself, avoid reckless exertion, and maintain abundant spirit, one may reach a natural lifespan of a hundred years before passing. If one cannot guard carefully and does not know how to maintain fullness, preserving the natural lifespan will be difficult. When facing illness, careful examination is essential.