Library

Treats deficiency consumption (Xu Lao), tendon and vessel spasms, pain in the lower back and knees.
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Wujiapi (Acanthopanacis Cortex), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Chishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Bixie (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma), Haitongpi (Spatholobi Caulis), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, stir-baked with bran), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus).
Each ingredient is three fen.
Crush the above ingredients into a powder. Take four qian per dose, add one zhan of water and three slices of fresh ginger, decoct and take orally.

Treats deficiency consumption damaging the tendons, wind pathogen stirring the tendons and vessels, causing spasms and pain, edema of limbs and joints, inability to make a fist with fingers.
Manjingzi (Viticis Semen), Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, slightly stir-fried), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, remove rhizome), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, stir-baked with bran), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (each one liang above), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, one and a half liang).
Chop the above ingredients. Take three qian per dose, add one zhong zhan of water and half a fen of fresh ginger, decoct until six parts remain, strain off the dregs, and take warm before meals.

Treats deficiency consumption, vexing heat and pain in hands and feet, emaciation and weakness, inability to eat, frequent urination.
Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis, one and a half liang), Sangpiaoxiao (Mantidis Oötheea, slightly stir-fried), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, remove rhizome), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, remove sprouts), Jineijin (Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum, slightly stir-fried), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata).
Chop the above ingredients. Take four qian per dose, add one zhong zhan of water, half a fen of fresh ginger, and three jujubes, decoct until six parts remain, strain off the dregs, and take warm at any time.

Treats deficiency consumption, cold knees, impotence, emaciated and weak limbs.
Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, remove eyes and closed ones, slightly stir-fried until sweat appears), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Rongcongrou (Cistanche Deserticola, soaked in wine, peel removed, dried by roasting), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, cracked by frying, each two liang), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, remove sprouts).
Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take thirty pills per dose, swallow with warm wine before meals.

Treats deficiency consumption, cold knees.
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, eight taels, soak in newly drawn water, change water once a day for seven days, scrape off black skin, slice and dry by baking), Buguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus).
Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder, mix with refined honey, pound over a thousand times, form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take thirty pills per dose, swallow with warm wine before meals.

The *Neijing* states: When the metal qi of the year is excessive, hiccups (Ke Ni) occur; when metal qi is stagnant and erupts, hiccups occur; when Shaoyin (Kidney/Heart) qi is disordered, hiccups occur. The *Huoren Shu* states: Hiccups (Ke Ni) are what Zhang Zhongjing referred to as Yue (dry heaves/hiccup). This arises from stomach cold. In typhoid diseases, the body is originally deficient; attacking the heat will inevitably cause Yue. The *Nan Zhi* states: Regarding the syndrome of Ke Ni, the *Huoren Shu* diagnoses it as Yue Ni, which seems plausible but is actually incorrect. Generally, Yue refers to dry heaving; if matter is directly expelled, it is vomiting (Tu); if matter is expelled rotatingly, it is retching (Ou); if nothing is expelled during retching, it is Yue. Ke Ni may be caused by water dampness soaking the lungs, leading to epigastric fullness; or continuous upward rebellion of qi; or excessive laughter causing qi obstruction; or swallowing drinks incorrectly entering the throat causing qi snatching; or eating dry food hastily causing qi blockage. All these can produce the sound of Ke Ni, continuous and unceasing, commonly known as "Chi Te" (hiccups). Broadly speaking, Ke Ni means disorderliness; Chi Te means error. Both involve qi failing to descend, pushed upward by fire-heat, stopping at the throat. Some people stop it by pressing paper on the nose to induce sneezing, or by feigning injustice or fear of thieves to stop it due to fright, or by having nasal heat and smelling food fragrance to stop it. These methods all suppress and startle to force the qi downward. The *Qianjin Fang* considers Ke Ni with upward rushing qi as a lung disease; if the pulse is scattered, death ensues, indicating Heart Fire punishing Lung Metal. The *Gezhi Yulun* states: Chi Te is qi rebellion, named so because qi rushes straight up from below the navel, exits the mouth, and makes sound. Books state: Fire flares upward. Li Dongyuan stated that Fire and Yuan Qi cannot coexist, calling Fire the thief of Yuan Qi. Ancient formulas attributed this to weak Stomach, ignoring Fire, and treated it with agents like Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Shidi (Diospyri Fructus), Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam), and Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), without clarifying which reduces Fire and which tonifies Deficiency. Human Yin Qi is nourished according to the Stomach Earth; if Stomach Earth is damaged, Wood Qi will insult it, which is Earth failure and Wood aggression. Yin is overwhelmed by Fire, unable to guard internally; Wood carries Ministerial Fire to attack, thus rushing straight up the clear pathways. Saying "Stomach Weak" actually means Yin is weak, extremely deficient. Patients seeing this consider it a critical syndrome, yet there are also Excess cases. I will briefly discuss treatment verification. A weak person, in summer due to extreme hunger and anger, contracted dysentery. Thirsty, they drank honey water. Dysentery eased but hiccups started, with great fatigue. Knowing it was due to prolonged diarrhea causing Yin Fire to flourish, I gave them a decoction of Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), mixed with Yiyuan San. It stopped after several days. Another elderly man of rich diet had chronic asthma with irregular onset and remission. In early autumn, he suffered dysentery with greatly reduced appetite. After five to seven days, hiccups started with a large pulse. Everyone thought it difficult to treat, but observing his emaciation, I believed he could still benefit from Dabu Wan (Great Tonifying Pill) administered with Renshen-Baizhu decoction to nourish Blood. He recovered in a few days. These two were due to Deficiency. Another woman, irritable with strong tastes, developed hiccups in summer after a fit of rage. Each episode involved whole-body trembling and unconsciousness. Inquiry revealed it was an acute illness. Observing her form and qi were both Excess, I gave her a decoction of Renshen Lu (Panacis Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma Stolon) to drink one bowl. She vomited several bowls of stubborn phlegm, sweated profusely, slept deeply, and recovered in one day. This was due to sudden anger causing qi to rush upward. Liver governs anger, Lung governs qi. Classics state: Anger causes qi to rebel. Due to anger, Liver Wood rebels, carrying Fire to insult Lung, causing severe hiccups and unconsciousness. Renshen Lu induces vomiting well; with phlegm gone, qi descends, Fire declines, Lung Metal qi returns to position, Stomach Qi harmonizes, and the disease resolves. The *Nan Zhi* states: The *Huoren Shu* regards Ke Ni as Yue, suggesting purgation, suitable using Tiaowei Chengqi Tang. This assumes pathogenic factors are in the Stomach, thus diagnosing Yue, which is correct. However, it fails to consider that Ke Ni results from Foot Yangming (Stomach) failing to descend, transmitting to Hand Taiyin (Lung). The *Huoren Shu* only mentions the root of Fire, not its branch. Fire flares upward to the highest point, causing Ke Ni. Viewing them together, Yue and Ke Ni share the same Heat nature; distinguishing them, Yue is Root, belonging to Gallbladder, Stomach, Middle Jiao; Ke Ni is Branch, belonging to Heart, Lung, Upper Jiao. If Branch symptoms appear, treat the Branch; do not name it Yue. Calling it Yue leads later generations to see only Gallbladder/Stomach Root, missing Heart/Lung Branch. The *Sanyin Fang* states: The ancients considered Ke Ni to be Yue. It often occurs after vomiting and diarrhea, where Stomach interior becomes deficient and cold, forming this disease. There are also cases of Stomach deficiency with Heat above the diaphragm, where Yue sounds connect for eight or nine times, with inhalation failing to return. Generally, after long-term typhoid or chronic illness, in the elderly, deficient persons, and postpartum women, this syndrome is common, indicating deep disease. There are also cases of Yue with epigastric fullness and palpitations, or phlegm-water retention, considered free of other malignant signs. Zhu Danxi stated: Chi Te is qi rebellion, where qi rushes straight up from below the navel, exits the mouth, and makes sound. Books state: Fire flares upward. The *Neijing* states: All rebellious qi rushing upward belongs to the Heart. Zhu Fengyi first discussed Heat descending, but surely there are outstanding scholars who expounded this extensively? Who would not call this Heat and have such manifestations? As for Wang Haizang, he profoundly developed insights not previously mentioned by predecessors, hence the theory of Yin syndromes manifesting as Heat, though the physical signs are milder. Generally, treatment principles: For Deficiency, tonify; within tonification, distinguish Cold and Heat. If due to misusing cold-cooling agents after sweating, vomiting, or purging, use Warm tonification. If Spleen-Stomach Yin is deficient with Fire rebelling upward, use Neutral tonification. If accompanied by Heat, use Cool tonification. For Excess, such as typhoid failing to purge, bowel obstruction, leading to Ke Ni, use Purging. If phlegm-fluid retention is stored in the epigastrium, or sudden anger rebellion causes phlegm syncope, these cases must have both form and qi Excess, without other malignant signs. Treat according to the location of the pathogen, using Emesis, Purging, Clearing, or Draining methods. All theories are detailed here, described by predecessors. Students should adhere to rules for treatment.