陈自明曰∶肺内主气,外司皮毛,皮毛不密,寒邪乘之,入射于肺则咳嗽。夫五脏六腑俱受气于肺,各以其
时感于寒而为病。秋则肺受之,冬则肾受之,春则肝受之,夏则心受之,长夏则脾受之。嗽不已则传于腑。妊
娠而嗽,谓之子嗽。久嗽不已,则伤胎。
朱丹溪曰∶胎前咳嗽,由津血聚养胎元,肺乏濡润,又兼郁火上炎所致。法当润肺为主,天冬汤主之。
薛立斋曰∶前证若秋间风邪伤肺,金沸草散;夏间火邪克金,人参平肺散;冬间寒邪伤肺,人参败毒散;
春间风邪伤肺,参苏饮。若脾肺气虚,六君子加归、芎、桔梗。肾火上炎,六味丸加五味。脾胃气虚,为风寒
所伤,补中汤加桑皮、杏仁、桔梗。若血虚,四物加桑皮、杏仁、桔梗。盖肺属辛金,生于己土,嗽久不已,
多因脾虚不能生肺气,腠理不密,致外邪复感。或因肺虚不能生水,致
阴火上炎。治法,当壮土金,生肾水,以安胎为要。
慎斋按∶以上三条,序胎前有咳嗽证也。咳嗽属肺病,《大全》主于外感寒邪,丹溪主于内伤肺燥。若立斋
则分四时所感,五脏均受,有风寒火之不同,外感内伤之各别。虽不专属胎前咳嗽论,而治法无殊,总兼安胎
为主也。
Chen Ziming stated: The Lung internally governs Qi and externally controls the skin and hair. If the skin and hair are not dense, Cold pathogenic factors will take advantage of this deficiency to enter and attack the Lung, causing cough. The Qi of the Five Zang organs and Six Fu organs all derives from the Lung; each organ may become diseased by contracting Cold in its corresponding season. In Autumn, the Lung is affected; in Winter, the Kidney; in Spring, the Liver; in Summer, the Heart; and in Late Summer (the final phase of summer), the Spleen. If cough persists without cessation, it transmits to the Fu organs. Cough occurring during pregnancy is termed "Zisu" (Fetal Cough). Prolonged coughing that does not cease will damage the Fetus.
Zhu Danxi stated: Cough during pregnancy arises because Jing-Yin (Essence-Fluid) and Blood gather to nourish the fetal origin, leaving the Lung lacking in moistening and lubrication, compounded by constrained Fire flaring upward. The treatment principle should focus on moistening the Lung, primarily using Tiandong Tang (Asparagus Root Decoction).
Xue Lizhai stated: For the aforementioned conditions, if Wind pathogenic factors injure the Lung in Autumn, use Jinfeicao San (Boiling Herb Powder); if Fire pathogenic factors overcome Metal (Lung) in Summer, use Renshen Pingfei San (Ginseng Lung-Pacifying Powder); if Cold pathogenic factors injure the Lung in Winter, use Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Rescue the Extremities Powder); if Wind pathogenic factors injure the Lung in Spring, use Shensu Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink). If there is Qi deficiency of the Spleen and Lung, use Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) added with Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) and Chuanxiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome), and Jiegeng (Platycodon Root). If Kidney Fire flares upward, use Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill) added with Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry). If there is Qi deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach, injured by Wind-Cold, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) added with Sangbaipi (Mulberry Bark), Xingren (Apricot Seed), and Jiegeng. If there is Blood deficiency, use Siwu Tang (Four Substance Decoction) added with Sangbaipi, Xingren, and Jiegeng. Generally, since the Lung belongs to Xin-Metal and is born from Ji-Earth (Spleen), persistent cough often results from Spleen deficiency failing to generate Lung Qi, leading to loose interstices and susceptibility to external pathogens. Or, due to Lung deficiency failing to generate Water, causing Yin Fire to flare upward. The treatment method should strengthen Earth and Metal, generate Kidney Water, with stabilizing the fetus as the priority.
Shenzhai commented: The above three passages describe the syndrome of cough during pregnancy. Cough belongs to Lung disease; *Daquan* attributes it to external contraction of Cold pathogenic factors, while Danxi attributes it to internal injury causing Lung dryness. As for Lizhai, he differentiated based on the pathogenic factors contracted in the four seasons, stating that all five Zang organs can be affected, distinguishing between Wind-Cold-Fire and between external contraction and internal injury. Although these do not exclusively discuss fetal cough, the treatment methods are not significantly different, generally incorporating fetal stabilization as a main component.
Wan Muzhai stated: For Typhoid Fever (Shanghan) occurring during pregnancy, the primary approach is clearing Heat and stabilizing the fetus. Whether inducing sweating or purging, treatment should follow the pulse and symptoms manifested in the exterior-interior relationships of the five Zang organs, ensuring not to disturb the fetal Qi.