汤氏云∶小儿热泻者，大便黄而赤，或有沫，乃脏中有积，或因乳母好饮酒，或嗜热物，或生下伤湿蕴热。医者不
明，但用豆蔻、诃子等药，服之如水浇石，既不识其症，故不辨其冷热，用药又不得法，焉得取效矣。此症当以小便赤
少，口干烦躁为验，治法当用钱氏白术散去木香用之，五苓散去桂亦可服。其热甚者，四逆散、大柴胡汤去大黄，服之
殊验也，更用黄连丸等剂亦佳，调中汤去大黄加黄连、枳壳。如夹热而泻，太阳与少阳合病，自下利者，与黄芩汤，
呕者加半夏也。又有夹热泻利，而小便秘涩赤甚者，四顺清凉饮主之。
钱氏白术散 见第四十八问。
大柴胡汤 见第二十九问。
五苓散 见第五十二问。
黄连丸 见第七十九问。
四逆散 见第六十五问。
调中汤 见第五十二问。
黄芩汤 治下利而头痛胸满，口苦咽干，或往来寒热而呕，其脉浮大而弦，专治协热而利者。
黄芩（一两半，炒） 白芍药（炒、一两） 甘草（炙、一两）
上 咀，每服三钱，枣子一个，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓温服。呕者加制半夏，生姜汁。
四顺清凉饮 见第四十四问。
汤氏云∶凡此泻，不宜便补，先用消食药，或用紫霜丸取其积尽，然后可补。经云∶食泻重，当取疳，虚用补虚。
治食泻与香橘饼子，加减观音散、调中汤散以意加减。凡伤食泻，不可即止，宜节饮食，当用进食丸取下食积令尽，次
以钱氏加减益黄散，只一服可止，此乃切要治法，然后异功散、四君子汤调理，必取全安。有腹中雷鸣下利者，生姜泻
心汤主之。如冷积酿泻，用香朴散止之。白术散以和气调胃，调中散、保安丸能止伤食泻，感应丸、沉香煎、三棱丸皆
可服。
紫霜丸 见第三问。
香橘饼 治伤冷泻利。
木香 青皮（炒） 陈皮（各一钱） 川浓朴（姜汁炒） 神曲（炒） 麦芽（炒、各半两）
上为末，蜜丸为饼，紫苏米饮调下。
全蝎观音散 止吐泻、截虚风。
黄 （蜜炙） 人参（去芦） 木香 大粉草（炙） 石莲（去心） 扁豆（炒黄、各一两） 白芷（七钱） 白
茯苓（去皮、一两） 全蝎（七钱） 羌活（八钱） 防风（八钱、去芦） 天麻（八钱）
上锉散，每服三钱，水一盏，煎至七分服，加姜枣煎。
调中散 治伤食泻，凡此泻不宜便补，先用食药，或紫霜丸取
其积尽，然后可补。经云∶食泻重、当取疳，虚用补虚，良医明妙理，何虑疾难除。
人参（去芦） 白茯苓 白术（炒） 木香 干姜（炮） 藿香叶 香附子（炒、去毛） 砂仁（炒） 甘草（炙）
丁香（各一两）
上为末，每服一钱，姜枣汤下，肚痛白汤，大小以意加减。
进食丸 见第四十七问。
异功散 见第十七问。
四君子汤 见第十六问。
益黄散 见第八问。
生姜泻心汤 治伤寒、汗出解后，胃中不和，心下痞硬，胁下有水气，腹中雷鸣下利者。
黄连（半炒） 甘草（半炙） 人参 干姜（炮） 黄芩（炒、各一两半） 半夏（汤泡、洗、一两）
上锉散，每服三钱，水一盏，生姜三片，枣一枚，煎七分，去滓温服。
香朴散 见第六十问。
白术散 见第四十八问钱氏白术散。
保安丸 治小儿酿泻、伤食泻。
香附子（一两） 白姜（炮） 青皮（去瓤） 陈皮（去白） 三棱（炮） 莪术（炮） 甘草（炙、各半两） 砂
仁（一两）
上为末，麦 面糊丸绿豆大，每服三丸，白汤下。
沉香煎 见第八十四问。
三棱丸 见第八十四问。
杏霜丸 治小儿食积作泻，并痢症。
杏仁（三两、去皮尖、麸炒） 巴豆（一两、去壳油、炒焦、却入杏仁同炒） 黄蜡（二两、酒煮绵滤） 百草霜
（为末二两、用油六钱、炒匀）
上将杏仁巴豆研极细，却入百草霜令匀，溶蜡和丸如绿豆大。赤痢甘草汤，白痢生姜汤，先进三、四服，腹胀者十
余服，效验如神。
Mr. Tang said: The symptoms of pediatric heat diarrhea (Heat Diarrhea) involve stools that are yellow with a reddish tint, sometimes accompanied by froth. This is caused by accumulation within the zang-fu organs, or because the nursing mother enjoys drinking alcohol, consumes hot-natured foods, or the infant contracted dampness at birth which accumulated and transformed into heat. If physicians do not understand this, and merely use astringent herbs such as Tsaoko Fructus (Doukou) and Chebulae Fructus (Hezi), the effect is like pouring cold water on a red-hot stone—completely ineffective. Since they fail to recognize the syndrome and distinguish between cold and heat, their medication methods are inappropriate; how can they expect efficacy? For this syndrome, one should verify it by observing scanty dark urine, dry mouth, and irritability. The treatment method should employ Qian's Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder), removing Xiangru (Costus Root), for administration; alternatively, Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Pill) without Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) may also be used. If the heat is severe, Sini San (Frigid Extremities Powder) or Daxiehu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) with Dahuang (Rhubarb) removed may be used, yielding remarkable results. Additionally, Huanglian Wan (Coptis Pill) and other preparations are excellent, or one may use Tiaozhong Tang (Middle-Regulating Decoction) removing Dahuang and adding Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Zhike (Aurantii Fructus). If diarrhea occurs with concurrent heat, representing a combined disease of Taiyang (Greater Yang) and Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) presenting with spontaneous diarrhea, Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) should be administered; if vomiting is present, Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) should be added. In cases of heat-complicated diarrhea and dysentery where urination is difficult and deeply red, Sishun Qingliang Yin (Four-Obedient Clearing and Cooling Drink) is the primary formula.
Qian's Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder): See Question 48.
Daxiehu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction): See Question 29.
Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Pill): See Question 52.
Huanglian Wan (Coptis Pill): See Question 79.
Sini San (Frigid Extremities Powder): See Question 65.
Tiaozhong Tang (Middle-Regulating Decoction): See Question 52.
Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction): Treats diarrhea accompanied by headache, chest fullness, bitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, alternating chills and fever, and vomiting, with a floating, large, and wiry pulse. It specifically treats diarrhea complicated by heat.
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1.5 liang, stir-fried); Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, stir-fried, 1 liang); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 1 liang).
Chop the above ingredients. Take 3 qian per dose, with one jujube and one cup of water, decoct until 0.7 cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm. Add Zhi Banxia (Prepared Pinellia Tuber) and Shengjiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) if vomiting occurs.
Sishun Qingliang Yin (Four-Obedient Clearing and Cooling Drink): See Question 44.
Mr. Tang said: For all such diarrheas, tonification should not be applied immediately. First, use food-resolving medicines, or use Zishuang Wan (Purple Frost Pill) to clear the accumulation completely before proceeding with tonification. The classics state: For heavy food-induced diarrhea, treat it as malnutrition (Gan Syndrome); for deficiency, use tonification methods. To treat food-induced diarrhea, use Xiangju Bingzi (Fragrant Orange Cake), Jiajian Guanyin San (Modified Guanyin Powder), or Tiaozhong Tang San (Middle-Regulating Powder), adjusting according to circumstances. For diarrhea caused by food injury, stopping it immediately is inadvisable; dietary restriction is necessary. One should use Jinshi Wan (Food-Advancing Pill) to purge the food accumulation completely, followed by Qian's Jiajian Yihuang San (Modified Yellow-Hiding Powder), which typically stops the diarrhea after just one dose. This is a crucial treatment method. Thereafter, use Yigong San (Beneficial Work Powder) and Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) for regulation, ensuring complete recovery. In cases of borborygmus (abdominal rumbling) with diarrhea, Shengjiang Xiexin Tang (Ginger Heart-Purgation Decoction) is indicated. For diarrhea caused by cold accumulation, use Xiangpo San (Costus and Magnolia Bark Powder) to stop it. Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) harmonizes qi and regulates the stomach; Tiaozhong San (Middle-Regulating Powder) and Bao'an Wan (Security Pill) can stop food-induced diarrhea; Yinggan Wan (Responsive Pill), Chenxiang Jian (Agarwood Decoction), and Sanleng Wan (Sparganii Pill) are also suitable.
Zishuang Wan (Purple Frost Pill): See Question 3.
Xiangju Bing (Fragrant Orange Cake): Treats diarrhea and dysentery caused by cold injury.
Muxiang (Costi Radix); Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, stir-fried); Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, each 1 qian); Chuan Nanzhou (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, stir-fried with ginger juice); Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, stir-fried); Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus, stir-fried, each half liang).
Grind into powder, form pills into cakes using honey, and administer with Zi Su Mi Yin (Perilla Seed Rice Drink).
Quanxie Guanyin San (Scorpion Guanyin Powder): Stops vomiting and diarrhea, intercepts deficiency wind.
Huangqi (Astragali Radix, honey-fried); Renshen (Ginseng Radix, de-radicle); Muxiang (Costi Radix); Da Fugcao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried); Shilian (Nelumbinis Semen, de-heart); Bian Dou (Dolichoris Lablab Semen, stir-fried until yellow, each 1 liang); Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 7 qian); Baifuling (Poria, peeled, 1 liang); Quanxie (Scorpio, 7 qian); Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, 8 qian); Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 8 qian, de-radicle); Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma, 8 qian).
Cut into pieces to make a powder. Take 3 qian per dose, with one cup of water, decoct until 0.7 cup remains. Add fresh ginger and jujube during decoction.
Tiaozhong San (Middle-Regulating Powder): Treats food-induced diarrhea. As mentioned, tonification should not be applied immediately to such diarrheas; first use food-resolving medicines, or Zishuang Wan to clear accumulation completely before tonifying. The classics state: Heavy food-induced diarrhea should be treated as Gan Syndrome; deficiency requires tonification. A skilled physician understands these profound principles; why worry about the difficulty of curing the disease?
Renshen (Ginseng Radix, de-radicle); Baifuling (Poria); Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried); Muxiang (Costi Radix); Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed); Huoxiangye (Pogostemonis Herba); Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma, stir-fried, de-hair); Sharen (Amomi Fructus, stir-fried); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried); Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, each 1 liang).
Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, with Ginger-Jujube Decoction. For abdominal pain, use plain boiled water. Adjust dosage based on the patient's condition.
Jinshi Wan (Food-Advancing Pill): See Question 47.
Yigong San (Beneficial Work Powder): See Question 17.
Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction): See Question 16.
Yihuang San (Yellow-Hiding Powder): See Question 8.
Shengjiang Xiexin Tang (Ginger Heart-Purgation Decoction): Treats post-Shanghan (Cold Damage) conditions where sweating has resolved the exterior, but the stomach is disharmonious, leading to epigastric stiffness and fullness, fluid retention under the hypochondrium, borborygmus, and diarrhea.
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, half stir-fried); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, half honey-fried); Renshen (Ginseng Radix); Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed); Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, stir-fried, each 1.5 liang); Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked in water, washed, 1 liang).
Cut into pieces to make a powder. Take 3 qian per dose, with one cup of water, three slices of fresh ginger, and one jujube. Decoct until 0.7 cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm.
Xiangpo San (Costus and Magnolia Bark Powder): See Question 60.
Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder): See Question 48, Qian's Baizhu San.
Bao'an Wan (Security Pill): Treats pediatric fermented diarrhea and food-induced diarrhea.
Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma, 1 liang); Baijiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, processed); Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, de-pith); Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, de-albedo); Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma, processed); Ezhu (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma, processed); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, each half liang); Sharen (Amomi Fructus, 1 liang).
Grind into powder, form pills using wheat flour paste to the size of mung beans. Take 3 pills per dose with plain boiled water.
Chenxiang Jian (Agarwood Decoction): See Question 84.
Sanleng Wan (Sparganii Pill): See Question 84.
Xingshuang Wan (Apricot Frost Pill): Treats pediatric diarrhea caused by food accumulation, as well as dysentery syndromes.
Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 3 liang, de-skin and tip, stir-fried with bran); Badou (Crotonis Fructus, 1 liang, de-shell and oil, stir-fried until scorched, then stir-fried together with apricot kernels); Huangla (Beeswax, 2 liang, boiled in wine and filtered through silk); Baicaoshuang (Fuliginis Stipitis Pulvis, 2 liang ground powder, stir-fried evenly with 6 qian of oil).
First, grind the apricot kernels and croton seeds extremely finely, then mix in the fuliginis powder evenly. Melt the beeswax and form pills the size of mung beans. For bloody dysentery, administer with Licorice Decoction; for white dysentery, administer with Ginger Decoction. Initially take 3-4 pills; for abdominal distension, take over ten doses. The efficacy is miraculous.