冬瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 泻血益脾，利二便，消水肿，散热毒。
子 （补肝明目）
瓠瓜 性平。长曰瓠瓜，短曰葫芦。
〔宜〕 除烦热，利水道，润心脾。花、叶俱解毒。
〔忌〕 多食令人吐利。患香港脚、冷气者，食之永不除也。
西瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 解暑除烦，醒酒，利便。（谓之天生白虎汤）
〔忌〕 多食伤脾助湿，致成疟痢。
瓜子 （多食动火助热）
菜瓜 性寒。即梢瓜，多用作酱菜。
〔宜〕 宣泄热气，解酒热毒。
〔忌〕 苦寒有毒，不可多食。
甜瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 止渴除烦，利小便，夏不中暑。
〔忌〕 多食破腹。
苦瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 除邪热，清心明目。
子 （益气壮阳）
南瓜 性温。红色者名金瓜，南人俗名番瓜，北名倭瓜。
〔宜〕 补中益气。
〔忌〕 发香港脚、黄胆并诸疮。
丝瓜 性冷。
〔宜〕 除风化痰，凉血解毒，消浮肿，治肠风。
〔忌〕 多食落发。
王瓜 性寒。即番薯，一名地瓜。
〔宜〕 除诸热邪，益气，散痈肿，愈黄胆，妇女行乳通经。
黄瓜 性寒。一名胡瓜。
〔宜〕 清热解渴，利水道。
〔忌〕 多食致疟疾。
木瓜 性温。即香瓜。
〔宜〕 和胃，滋脾，益肺，止吐，消食，治转筋，除湿痹香港脚。
Winter Melon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Expels blood stasis, tonifies the Spleen, promotes urination and defecation, reduces edema, and dissipates heat toxicity.
Winter Melon Seeds: (Tonify the Liver and improve vision)
Bottle Gourd: Neutral in nature. The long variety is called Bottle Gourd, and the short variety is called Calabash.
[Benefits]: Relieves irritability and heat, promotes water metabolism, and moistens the Heart and Spleen. Both flowers and leaves possess detoxifying properties.
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption causes vomiting and diarrhea. Individuals suffering from Hong Kong Foot (podagra/foot swelling and ulceration) or cold qi should avoid it, as it will never cure their condition.
Watermelon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Resolves summerheat and relieves irritability, awakens from drunkenness, and promotes urination. (Referred to as "Nature's White Tiger Decoction")
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption damages the Spleen and Stomach, aids dampness, and may lead to malaria and dysentery.
Watermelon Seeds: (Excessive consumption generates internal fire and aids heat)
Vegetable Melon: Cold in nature. Also known as Shao Gua, often used as pickled vegetables.
[Benefits]: Ventilates heat, resolves alcohol-induced heat toxicity.
[Contraindications]: Bitter, cold, and slightly toxic; should not be consumed in excess.
Sweet Melon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Quenches thirst, relieves irritability, promotes urination, and prevents heatstroke in summer.
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption damages the abdomen (causing abdominal pain or diarrhea).
Bitter Melon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Clears pathogenic heat, clears the Heart, and improves vision.
Bitter Melon Seeds: (Tonify Qi and strengthen Yang)
Pumpkin: Warm in nature. The red variety is named Jin Gua. Southerners commonly call it Fan Gua, while Northerners call it Wo Gua.
[Benefits]: Tonifies the Middle Jiao and benefits Qi.
[Contraindications]: Triggers Hong Kong Foot, jaundice, and various sores.
Luffa: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Dispels wind and transforms phlegm, cools blood and detoxifies, reduces edema, and treats intestinal wind (hematochezia).
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption leads to hair loss.
King Melon: Cold in nature. Identified in the text as Sweet Potato, also known as Di Gua.
[Benefits]: Clears various pathogenic heats, tonifies Qi, disperses carbuncles and swellings, cures jaundice, and for women, promotes lactation and unblocks meridians.
Cucumber: Cold in nature. Also known as Hu Gua.
[Benefits]: Clears heat, quenches thirst, and promotes water metabolism.
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption may cause malaria.
Papaya (Mu Gua): Warm in nature. Identified in the text as Fragrant Melon.
[Benefits]: Harmonizes the Stomach, nourishes the Spleen, benefits the Lungs, stops vomiting, aids digestion, treats muscle spasms (Zhuan Jin), and expels damp-bi syndrome and Hong Kong Foot.