枣子 性温。北产肥润者良。
〔宜〕 补中益气，滋脾土，润心肺，生津液，悦颜色，通九窍，助十二经，和百药。
〔忌〕 多食生虫、损齿、作膨胀。不宜同葱、鱼食。
柿子 生柿性寒，柿饼性平。
〔宜〕 肠风痔漏。健脾涩肠，润肺止嗽，安反胃。
〔忌〕 多食生柿，苦寒败胃。
柿霜 （性冷。生津化痰，清上焦之热，治喉舌之疮）
柿蒂 （性温。止呃逆。解误食桐油毒）
栗子 性温。
〔宜〕 浓肠胃，补肾气。熟食则耐饥，煨食止内寒暴泻。
〔忌〕 多食，生则难化，熟则滞气。
榛子 性平。似栗，甚小，俗名茅栗。
〔宜〕 肠胃。止饥，调中。
桃子 性热。
〔忌〕 多食生内热，发胀，长疖，夏秋成痢。
桃仁 （性平。行血消坚，润大肠，除皮肤燥痒）
李子 性温。
〔宜〕 生津止渴。
〔忌〕 多食发痰疟。
杏子 性热。
〔宜〕 止热。
〔忌〕 多食昏目，生痰。
巴旦杏 （止咳，下气，消腹闷）
杏仁 （性温。润肺，消食积，散滞气，发汗解风寒）
梅子 性涩。
〔宜〕 止烦渴，生津。
〔忌〕 冒风寒者不宜食，恐收寒入内。且损齿，泄津液，伤肾。
乌梅 （性平。烟薰黑者，除烦热，止吐逆，消酒毒，敛肺涩肠）
白梅 （性平。腌晒干者。除痰，止泻痢，解烦渴）
橘子 性寒。
〔宜〕 肺经化痰，开胃，除胸膈气。
〔忌〕 食肉生痰。
橘皮 （其皮陈者曰陈皮，皮青者曰青皮，去皮里白者曰橘红）
（陈皮调中快膈，导气消痰；青皮破滞削坚，除痰消痞；橘红顺气化痰，和中利膈）
柑子 性寒。
〔宜〕 顺气调中，解酒热。
〔忌〕 多食损齿。
橙子 （性寒。比柑稍大。美在皮。下气消痰，止恶心。肉不可食）
柚子 （性寒。大如瓜。皮肉逊柑。消食，解酒）
香橼 （性寒。大小如橙，蒂如金钱。取其气香，皮肉俱不佳）
金橘 （性微寒。小如茧。皮甘，肉酸。功用同柑）
佛手柑 （性温。止心下气痛）
梨于 性微寒。
〔宜〕 润肺消痰，降火止渴，解酒。生者清六腑之热，熟者滋五脏之阴。切片贴汤火热毒。
〔忌〕 脾虚泻痢及血虚人，不宜食。
梨汁 （治中风失音）
苹果 性平。
林檎 性温。
大为林擒，小为奈子。
〔宜〕 下气消痰。
白果 性温而涩。
〔宜〕 熟食温肺益气，生食降痰解酒。
〔忌〕 多食壅气。小儿动疳。
核桃 性热而涩。即胡桃。
〔宜〕 固肾涩精，温肺润肠，补气养血。
〔忌〕 多食动风痰、助肾火，有痰火者不宜。
橄榄 性凉。
〔宜〕 生津除烦，解毒醒酒。
橄榄核 （烧灰敷蛀疳良。磨水化鱼骨哽）
荔枝 性温。
〔宜〕 人肝肾，散滞气，辟寒邪。
〔忌〕 多食发虚热，口舌龈肿衄血。仍以壳浸水，饮之即解。
龙眼 性温。
〔宜〕 益脾长智，养心包，止肠风下血，润肺，治健忘。
〔忌〕 中满者不宜食。多食衄血。
榧子 性涩。
〔宜〕 消谷令人能食。滑肠可治五痔。
〔忌〕 与绿豆相反。
葡萄 性平。
〔宜〕 冷而不寒，除烦解渴，逐湿利水。
桑椹 性凉。色黑入肾。
〔宜〕 峻补肾水，通利关节，安魂镇神，聪耳明目，解酒热，乌须发（取熟透者），滤汁熬膏加
蜜，点汤和酒并妙。
枇杷 性平。
〔宜〕 利肺气，止吐逆，润脏除热。
柏子仁 性温润。
〔宜〕 养心气，润肾燥，助脾滋肝，益志宁神，聪耳明目，除风湿，泽皮肤。常食有益无损。
山楂 性冷。
〔宜〕 消食积，补脾化滞，止痢。
〔忌〕 脾弱者恐太克伐，不宜多食。
石榴 性温。
〔宜〕 止泻痢，除咽喉燥渴。
〔忌〕 多食损齿。
樱桃 性热。
〔宜〕 益脾气，止泄精。
〔忌〕 内热，有喘嗽者不可食。
杨梅 性大热。
〔宜〕 消食，涤肠胃，止酒吐。
〔忌〕 多食发热，损齿。
落花生 性平。
〔宜〕 脾肺。香能舒脾，色白入肺。
〔忌〕 油者不宜食，反能致咳。
莲子 性温涩。
〔宜〕 补脾。能交水火而媾心肾，安靖君相火邪，益十二经脉血气，涩精气，浓肠胃，除脾泄久痢，
白浊、梦遗、女人崩带、诸血病。
藕节 （性温而涩）
（解热毒，消瘀血，止吐衄淋沥、一切血症）
莲须 （性涩。清心通肾，固精乌发）
藕粉 （安神益胃）
菱 性寒。
〔宜〕 消暑，止渴，解酒。
芡实 性温而涩。
〔宜〕 固肾益精，补脾去湿，止泄泻，除梦遗。煮熟研膏同粳米作粥，甚助精气。
荸荠 性寒滑。味甘。主化坚。即地栗。
〔宜〕 益气安中，开胃消食；除胸中实热，止五种噎膈。能消坚削积，和铜钱嚼之，则钱碎。
槟榔 性温。味辛苦微涩。
〔宜〕 破滞散邪，攻坚去胀，消食行痰，除风下水，醒酒解瘴。
〔忌〕 过食泄脏气。
甘蔗 性寒。味甘。
〔宜〕 和中助脾，除热润燥，止渴消痰，解酒毒，利二便。
〔忌〕 多食出鼻血。
甘蔗汁 （与姜汁同服止呕哕反胃）
白糖 （性温热。和中，消痰止嗽）
红糖 （性温热。同白糖皆蔗汁熬成。补脾润肺）
蜜糖 生凉熟温。味甘。痘痂不落以此敷之。
〔宜〕 丸药，润燥，止嗽，除痢，明目，悦颜。
〔忌〕 略滑肠，泄者忌用。不宜同葱食。
饴糖 性热。味甘。即米糖，糯米熬成。
〔宜〕 和脾润肺，化痰止嗽。
〔忌〕 多食发湿热，动火，损齿。
Jujube (Ziziphi Fructus) has a warm nature. Those produced in the north that are plump and moist are superior.
[Indications] Tonifies the middle and supplements Qi, nourishes Spleen Earth, moistens Heart and Lungs, generates body fluids, beautifies complexion, unblocks the nine orifices, assists the twelve meridians, and harmonizes various herbs.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption causes worms, damages teeth, and leads to distension and fullness. It should not be eaten with green onions or fish.
Persimmon: Raw persimmons have a cold nature; dried persimmons (Shi Bing) have a neutral nature.
[Indications] Intestinal wind with hemorrhoids and fistulas. Strengthens the Spleen, astringes the intestines, moistens the Lungs, stops coughing, and stabilizes rebellious Stomach Qi.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption of raw persimmons, due to their bitter-cold nature, damages the Stomach.
Persimmon Frost (Shi Shuang): Has a cold nature. Generates body fluids, resolves phlegm, clears heat from the Upper Jiao, and treats sores in the throat and tongue.
Persimmon Calyx (Shi Di): Has a warm nature. Stops hiccups. Resolves toxicity from accidental ingestion of tung oil.
Chestnut: Has a warm nature.
[Indications] Thickens the intestines and stomach, tonifies Kidney Qi. Cooked chestnuts withstand hunger; roasted chestnuts stop acute diarrhea caused by internal cold.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption: raw ones are hard to digest, cooked ones stagnate Qi.
Hazelnut: Has a neutral nature. Similar to chestnuts but very small, commonly known as Mao Li.
[Indications] Benefits the intestines and stomach. Stops hunger, regulates the Middle Jiao.
Peach: Has a hot nature.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption generates internal heat, causes distension, promotes boils, and leads to dysentery in summer and autumn.
Peach Kernel (Tao Ren): Has a neutral nature. Promotes blood circulation, dissipates hardness, moistens the large intestine, and removes dryness and itching of the skin.
Plum: Has a warm nature.
[Indications] Generates body fluids and stops thirst.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption induces phlegm-malaria.
Apricot: Has a hot nature.
[Indications] Clears heat.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption blurs vision and generates phlegm.
Badam (Almond): Stops coughing, directs Qi downward, relieves abdominal stuffiness.
Apricot Kernel (Xing Ren): Has a warm nature. Moistens the Lungs, digests food accumulations, disperses stagnant Qi, induces sweating, and releases wind-cold.
Plum (Mei Zi): Has an astringent nature.
[Indications] Stops irritability and thirst, generates body fluids.
[Contraindications] Not suitable for those exposed to wind-cold, as it may trap cold inside. It also damages teeth, depletes body fluids, and injures the Kidneys.
Dark Plum (Wu Mei): Has a neutral nature. The smoked black variety clears irritability and heat, stops vomiting and regurgitation, eliminates alcohol toxicity, astringes the Lungs, and binds the intestines.
White Plum (Bai Mei): Has a neutral nature. The pickled and sun-dried variety resolves phlegm, stops diarrhea and dysentery, and relieves irritability and thirst.
Mandarin Orange: Has a cold nature.
[Indications] Resolves phlegm in the Lung meridian, opens the appetite, removes Qi stagnation in the chest and diaphragm.
[Contraindications] Eating meat generates phlegm.
Tangerine Peel (Ju Pi): Aged peel is called Chen Pi (Aged Tangerine Peel); green peel is called Qing Pi (Green Tangerine Peel); peel without the white pith is called Ju Hong (Tangerine Red Peel).
(Chen Pi regulates the Middle Jiao, benefits the diaphragm, guides Qi out, and resolves phlegm; Qing Pi breaks stagnation, reduces hardness, resolves phlegm, and eliminates痞 mass; Ju Hong smooths Qi, resolves phlegm, harmonizes the Middle, and benefits the diaphragm.)
Kumquat: Has a cold nature.
[Indications] Smooths Qi, regulates the Middle Jiao, resolves alcohol-heat.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption damages teeth.
Orange: Has a cold nature. Slightly larger than kumquats. The value lies in the peel. Directs Qi downward, resolves phlegm, stops nausea. The flesh should not be eaten.
Pomelo: Has a cold nature. As large as a melon. Peel and flesh are inferior to kumquats. Digests food, resolves alcohol.
Citron (Xiang Yuan): Has a cold nature. Size similar to oranges, calyx like a coin. Valued for its fragrant aroma; both peel and flesh are not excellent.
Calamondin (Jin Ju): Has a slightly cold nature. Small like a cocoon. Peel is sweet, flesh is sour. Functions are the same as kumquats.
Finger Citron (Fo Shou Gan): Has a warm nature. Stops Qi pain in the epigastrium.
Pear: Has a slightly cold nature.
[Indications] Moistens the Lungs, resolves phlegm, descends fire, stops thirst, resolves alcohol. Raw pears clear heat from the six Fu organs; cooked pears nourish Yin of the five Zang organs. Sliced and applied externally treats burns and fire toxins.
[Contraindications] Not suitable for those with Spleen deficiency diarrhea/dysentery or Blood deficiency.
Pear Juice: Treats aphonia due to stroke.
Apple: Has a neutral nature.
Malus Prunifolia (Lin Qin): Has a warm nature. Large ones are Lin Qin, small ones are Nai Zi.
[Indications] Directs Qi downward, resolves phlegm.
Ginkgo Nut (Bai Guo): Has a warm and astringent nature.
[Indications] Cooked: warms the Lungs, supplements Qi. Raw: descends phlegm, resolves alcohol.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption obstructs Qi. In children, it triggers malnutrition syndromes (Gan syndrome).
Walnut: Has a hot and astringent nature. Also known as Hu Tao.
[Indications] Secures the Kidneys, astringes essence, warms the Lungs, moistens the intestines, supplements Qi and nourishes Blood.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption stirs wind-phlegm and aids Kidney Fire; not suitable for those with phlegm-fire.
Olive: Has a cool nature.
[Indications] Generates body fluids, removes irritability, detoxifies, and revives from alcohol intoxication.
Olive Pit: Burnt to ash and applied topically is good for carious Gan syndrome. Ground in water dissolves fish bone impaction.
Lychee: Has a warm nature.
[Indications] Enters the Liver and Kidneys, disperses stagnant Qi, repels cold pathogens.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption induces deficient heat, swelling of gums and tongue, and epistaxis. Drinking water infused with the shells resolves this.
Longan: Has a warm nature.
[Indications] Benefits the Spleen, enhances intelligence, nourishes the Pericardium, stops intestinal wind bleeding, moistens the Lungs, treats forgetfulness.
[Contraindications] Not suitable for those with fullness in the center. Excessive consumption causes epistaxis.
Torreya Seed (Fei Zi): Has an astringent nature.
[Indications] Digests grain, promotes appetite. Lubricates the intestines, can treat the five types of hemorrhoids.
[Contraindications] Antagonistic to mung beans.
Grape: Has a neutral nature.
[Indications] Cool but not cold, removes irritability, stops thirst, expels dampness, promotes urination.
Mulberry: Has a cool nature. Black color enters the Kidneys.
[Indications] Vigorously tonifies Kidney Water, unblocks and benefits joints, calms the soul and settles the spirit, sharpens hearing and vision, resolves alcohol-heat, darkens beard and hair (use ripe ones), filter juice, boil into paste with honey; mixing with soup or wine is excellent.
Loquat: Has a neutral nature.
[Indications] Benefits Lung Qi, stops vomiting and regurgitation, moistens viscera, removes heat.
Biota Seed (Bai Zi Ren): Has a warm and moist nature.
[Indications] Nourishes Heart Qi, moistens Kidney dryness, assists the Spleen, nourishes the Liver, benefits willpower, calms the spirit, sharpens hearing and vision, removes wind-dampness, enriches the skin. Regular consumption is beneficial without harm.
Hawthorn Fruit (Shan Zha): Has a cold nature.
[Indications] Digests food accumulations, tonifies the Spleen, transforms stagnation, stops dysentery.
[Contraindications] For those with weak Spleens, fear of excessive draining makes it unsuitable for excessive consumption.
Pomegranate: Has a warm nature.
[Indications] Stops diarrhea and dysentery, removes dryness and thirst in the throat.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption damages teeth.
Cherry: Has a hot nature.
[Indications] Benefits Spleen Qi, stops seminal emission.
[Contraindications] Not suitable for those with internal heat or wheezing/coughing.
Bayberry: Has a very hot nature.
[Indications] Digests food, cleanses intestines and stomach, stops alcohol-induced vomiting.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption causes fever and damages teeth.
Peanut: Has a neutral nature.
[Indications] Benefits Spleen and Lungs. Fragrance soothes the Spleen; white color enters the Lungs.
[Contraindications] Oily varieties are not suitable for consumption, as they may induce coughing.
Lotus Seed: Has a warm and astringent nature.
[Indications] Tonifies the Spleen. Can interact with Water and Fire to unite Heart and Kidneys, calm Ministerial Fire pathogenic factors, benefit Qi and Blood of the twelve meridians, astringe essence, thicken intestines and stomach, remove Spleen diarrhea and chronic dysentery, leukorrhea, nocturnal emission, women's metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, and various blood diseases.
Lotus Node (Ou Jie): Has a warm and astringent nature.
(Resolves heat toxins, dissipates blood stasis, stops hematemesis, epistaxis, strangury, and all blood disorders.)
Lotus Stamens (Lian Xu): Has an astringent nature. Clears the Heart, connects to the Kidneys, secures essence, darkens hair.
Lotus Root Powder: Calms the spirit, benefits the Stomach.
Water Chestnut (Ling): Has a cold nature.
[Indications] Relieves summerheat, stops thirst, resolves alcohol.
Euryale Seed (Qian Shi): Has a warm and astringent nature.
[Indications] Secures the Kidneys, benefits essence, tonifies the Spleen, removes dampness, stops diarrhea, eliminates nocturnal emission. Boiled, ground into paste, and made into porridge with japonica rice greatly assists Essence and Qi.
Marsh Plantain (Bi Qi): Has a cold and slippery nature. Sweet taste. Primarily resolves hardness. Also known as Di Li.
[Indications] Supplements Qi, stabilizes the Middle, opens appetite, aids digestion; clears solid heat in the chest, stops five types of dysphagia. Can resolve hardness and reduce accumulation; chewed with copper coins, it shatters the coins.
Betel Nut (Bing Lang): Has a warm nature. Pungent, bitter, slightly astringent taste.
[Indications] Breaks stagnation, disperses pathogens, attacks hardness, removes distension, digests food, moves phlegm, expels wind, promotes urination, revives from alcohol, resolves miasma.
[Contraindications] Overconsumption drains Zang Qi.
Sugarcane: Has a cold nature. Sweet taste.
[Indications] Harmonizes the Middle, assists the Spleen, removes heat, moistens dryness, stops thirst, resolves phlegm, eliminates alcohol toxicity, benefits urination and defecation.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption causes epistaxis.
Sugarcane Juice: Taken with ginger juice stops vomiting, retching, and regurgitation.
White Sugar: Has a warm-hot nature. Harmonizes the Middle, resolves phlegm, stops coughing.
Brown Sugar: Has a warm-hot nature. Like white sugar, both are boiled from sugarcane juice. Tonifies the Spleen, moistens the Lungs.
Honey: Raw is cool, cooked is warm. Sweet taste. Applied topically if acne crusts do not fall off.
[Indications] Used in pills, moistens dryness, stops coughing, removes dysentery, brightens eyes, beautifies complexion.
[Contraindications] Slightly lubricates the intestines; contraindicated in diarrhea. Should not be eaten with green onions.
Maltose (Yi Tang): Has a hot nature. Sweet taste. Also known as Rice Sugar, boiled from glutinous rice.
[Indications] Harmonizes the Spleen, moistens the Lungs, resolves phlegm, stops coughing.
[Contraindications] Excessive consumption induces damp-heat, stirs fire, and damages teeth.