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Axillary odor in infants is caused by the failure of blood and qi to nourish the area. A pore appears in the axilla, slightly larger than a regular hair follicle, from which a foul, musky odor emanates, resembling that of a fox; hence it is commonly called "fox odor" (Hugu). This condition may be inherited from parents or contracted from caregivers. The following prescriptions are provided:

Lüyin San (Green Silver Powder)
Indicated for axillary odor.
Tonglü (Malachite), Mituoseng (Lead Monoxide) (each 3 qian); Baiji (Bletilla Rhizome) (one piece, calcined until carbonized, 9 qian).
Grind all ingredients into a fine powder. Apply half a qian per dose, mixed with saliva, to the axilla. Apply once every three to five days, or until effective.

Another prescription: Take Qingfen (Calomel, Calomelas) one qian-bi (a measure roughly equivalent to a small spoonful). Divide into two parts: take half orally mixed with Shexiang (Musk) wine, and apply the other half topically to the axilla mixed with good wine. Use until the odor disappears.

Another prescription: Take five Wutong coins (historical currency) made of Zuo Tao (left peach wood/branch material used for currency), heat them until red-hot, then quench them in vinegar. Repeat this process seven times. Crush and sieve the material into a fine powder. Take a piece of old ginger, crush it with the back of a knife, and rub the crushed surface against the axilla. If the hairs lie down and do not stand up after rubbing, it indicates pathology. Pluck the hairs, mix the powder with fresh ginger juice, and apply to the axilla. This method has proven effective repeatedly. For mild axillary odor or sweat odor, rubbing the axilla with ginger alone is also sufficient.

All newborns have a fontanelle because their zang-fu qi is not yet full, marrow is not fully formed, and nourishment is incomplete. The nourishment of all zang-fu organs depends on the Spleen and Stomach. After birth, infants rely on milk and other nutrients to nourish themselves; as these accumulate, zang-fu qi becomes full and marrow completes its formation. Therefore, when an infant begins to eat solid food, the fontanelle closes. The fontanelle is connected to the Spleen and Stomach. The *Shengji Jing* states: "The 'Heavenly Five' protecting the fontanelle corresponds to Earth, which governs the Spleen and Stomach." Fontanelle swelling in infants results from disharmony between the Spleen and Stomach, imbalance of cold and heat, or upward rebellion of yin and yang qi due to angry crying, overfeeding, wheezing, or coughing. Heat-induced swelling is soft; cold-induced swelling is hard. Fontanelle depression may result from diarrhea or dysentery, frequent urination, prior use of diuretic drugs, congenital weakness, or lingering chronic diseases. These conditions cause visceral deficiency, preventing qi from ascending to nourish the fontanelle, leading to depression. These are considered severe syndromes in infants, with few recoveries.

For soft fontanelle swelling in infants: Apply Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) mixed with cold water externally, and internally administer Huadu Dan (Detoxification Pill) (prescription listed previously).

For hard fontanelle swelling and depression in infants:
Gan Shudi Huang (Prepared Rehmannia Root, dried, 8 qian, baked and weighed); Shanzhuyu (Cornus Fruit, flesh removed); Gan Shanyao (Dried Dioscorea Rhizome, 4 qian); Zexie (Alisma Rhizome); Mudanpi (Tree Peony Bark, heart removed); Baifuling (Poria, skin removed, 3 qian each).
Grind into powder, mix with refined honey, and form pills the size of mung beans. Children under three years old take 3–5 pills per dose, dissolved in warm water. Administer Qianshi Yihuang San (Qian's Spleen-Strengthening Powder) on an empty stomach concurrently.

For fontanelle depression in infants: Roast dog head bone until yellow, grind into powder, and apply externally mixed with egg white.