葛根麦门冬散 治小儿热毒斑疹。头痛壮热。心神烦闷。
葛根（三钱） 麦门冬（去心四钱） 人参（二钱） 石膏（半两） 川升麻 甘草 茯苓（各
二钱） 赤芍药（一钱）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。徐徐温服。不拘时。量大小增减。
愚按前方。足阳明胃经之药也。外除表邪。内清胃火。兼补元气。若非发热作渴。表里有热者。
不可用。若表里俱虚。而发热作渴者。宜用人参麦门冬散。
生地黄散 治小儿 疹身热。口干咳嗽心烦者。
生地黄（半两） 麦门冬（去心三钱） 杏仁 款冬花 陈皮（各二钱） 甘草（二钱半炙）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。徐徐温服。不拘时。量大小加减。
愚按前方。若肺经有热者。宜用此方。若痰气上壅。佐以抱龙丸。
惺惺散（七味） 治小儿风热疮疹。时气。头痛壮热。目涩多睡。咳嗽喘促。
桔梗（炒） 真细辛 人参 甘草 白茯苓 真川芎 白术（各一两）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。薄荷五叶。生姜三片。同煎至六分。去滓。徐徐温服。不拘时
候。量大小加减。
愚按前症方。若表虚风热所乘而致诸症者。宜用此药。若表实内热相搏而致诸症者。宜用升麻葛
根汤。若兼作渴饮冷者。须用葛根麦门冬散。大凡疮疹未出已出之间。多增寒壮热。身体疼痛。大便
黄稠。此正病也。若无他疾。不必服药。
四味升麻葛根汤 治初发热。痘疹未明。宜用此汤以散之。
白芍药（炒） 川升麻（一两） 甘草 葛根（一两半）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。不拘时。徐徐温服。
愚按前方。胃经发表之剂。表实而热毒壅滞于肌肉者。须用此药以疏泄之。恐虚其表而痘毒不能
托出也。
十一味异功散
木香 大腹皮 人参 桂心 赤茯苓 青皮 前胡 诃梨勒（姜制） 半夏（姜制） 丁香 甘
草（炙各三钱）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。生姜三片同煎至六分。去滓。空心温服。量大小以意加减。
愚按前方。治痘疮已出未愈之间。其疮不光泽。不起发。不红活。或已出一日至五七日间。或泄
泻作渴。或肚腹作胀。气促作喘。或身虽热而腹胀。足指冷。或身热作渴。或身热而惊悸腹胀。或身
热汗出不止。或气急寒战。切牙。或渴而饮水愈渴。或疮欲靥而不靥。或疮痂欲落不落。而反腹胀渴
泻。足指寒冷。或惊悸寒战切牙。此脾胃终变虚寒。津液衰少。此发内经微止。阴阳蕴奥。非神于术
者。岂能言哉。前症乃阳气内虚寒而外假热。如痈疽脾胃亏损。诸脏虚寒之败症。急用前散以救胃气。
亦有可生者。
十二味异功散
木香（三钱半） 官桂（二钱去粗皮） 当归（三钱半） 人参（二钱半） 茯苓（一钱）
陈皮 浓朴（二钱半姜制） 白术（二钱） 半夏（姜制一钱） 丁香 肉豆蔻（二钱半） 附子
（泡去皮一钱半）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏半。生姜五片。肥枣三枚。煎至六分。去滓。空心温服。三岁儿
作三服。五岁儿作两服。一周两岁儿作三五服。病有大小。以意加减。此药家传五世。累经效验。
愚按前方。治痘疮已出未出。不起发。不光泽。不红活。谓之表虚。宜用此药治之。若已出未愈。
疮不光泽。或不起发。不红活。或腹胀作渴。泄泻气促。谓之表里虚寒。急用此药送豆蔻丸。或十一
日间不靥。壮热。闷乱不宁。卧则烦渴。切牙。手足指冷。数饮沸汤而不热。围火重衾而仍寒。悉属
表里虚寒也。王太仆云。大寒而盛。热之不热。是无火也。当益其心火。急用前药。以回其阳。亦有
生者。
肉豆蔻丸（七味） 治泻水谷。或白或淡黄。不能止者。
木香 缩砂仁（二钱） 白龙骨（半两） 诃子肉（半两） 赤石脂（七钱半） 枯白矾（七钱
半） 肉豆蔻（半两）
上为细末。稠面糊为丸。如黍米大。一周岁儿。每服三五十丸。三岁儿服百丸。温米饮下。泻甚
者。煎木香散。或异功散送下。泻止住服。不止多服。
愚按前方。治阳气虚寒。肠滑泄泻之涩剂。盖肾主大便。若因肾气不固而致前症者。宜用木香散
送四神丸。如不应。急煎六君子汤送四神丸补之。盖豆蔻丸涩滞之功多。补益之功少也。
人参麦门冬散 治痘疮微渴（一名麦门冬散）
麦门冬（一两） 人参 甘草（炙） 陈皮 白术（半两） 浓朴（姜制各半两）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。徐徐温服。不拘时。量大小加减。
愚按前方。若痘疮热毒。气虚作渴。宜用之。若因气虚弱作渴。用人参白术散。
消毒散 治痘疮六七日间。身壮热。不大便。其脉紧盛者。用此药以微利之。（一名消毒饮）
牛蒡子（四两炒杵） 荆芥穗 甘草（炙各一两）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至八分。去滓。不拘时。徐徐温服。
愚按前方。若毒在肌肉。尚未能尽发而致斯症。脉浮而紧者。最宜此药。疏解其毒。若痘顿轻。
脉沉而紧者。毒在脏腑。宜用前胡、枳壳疏通。以绝其源。其痘尤轻。
柴胡麦门冬散 治痘疮壮热。经日不止。更无他症。此药治之。（即六味柴胡麦门冬散）
柴胡（二钱半） 龙胆草（炒一钱） 麦门冬（三钱） 甘草（炙） 人参 黑参（各一钱半）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。不拘时。徐徐服。量大小加减。
愚按前方。若痘疮表热。根盘色赤。 痛。作渴饮冷。或两目作痛。或素有肝火而患痘疮者。尤宜用之。
射干鼠粘子汤 治痘疮壮热。大便坚实。或口舌生疮。咽喉肿痛。皆余毒所致。
鼠粘子（四两炒杵） 甘草（炙） 升麻 射干（各一两）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。徐徐温服。
愚按前方。若痘疮初出。发热 痛。根盘赤盛。或咽喉口舌疼痛。作渴饮引者宜用。若因胃气虚
弱发热而致前症者。宜用人参麦门冬散。
桔梗甘草防风汤 治风热咽喉不利。
桔梗（炒） 甘草（炙） 防风（各等分）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。徐徐温服。量大小加减。
愚按前方。若上焦风热。或痰涎上攻咽喉。下利。或口舌生疮。作渴引饮者。须用此药。发散解
毒。痘虽出。亦在轻浅。
人参清膈散 治涕唾稠粘。身热鼻干。大便如常。小便黄赤。宜用此方治之。
人参 柴胡 当归 芍药 知母（炒） 桑白皮 白术（炒） 黄 （炒） 紫菀 地骨皮 茯
苓甘草 桔梗（炒各一两） 黄芩（半两） 石膏 滑石（各一两半）
上为粗末。每服三钱。水一大盏。生姜三片同煎至六分。去滓。不拘时。徐徐温服。量大小加减。
愚按前症。即痈疽因热毒蕴结于脏腑经络之间者。当用此药疏导托里。调和荣卫。使邪气退则元
气不伤。而痘疮易愈也。
前胡枳壳散 治痰实壮热。胸中烦闷。大便坚实。卧则喘急。
前胡（一两） 枳壳 赤茯苓 大黄 甘草（炙各半两）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。不拘时。量大小加减。如身温脉微并泻者。
不可服。
愚按前症。若属肺胃实热。气郁痰滞。大便秘结。小便赤涩。烦渴饮冷。身热脉数者宜用之。以
表散外邪。疏通五内。使邪气不壅滞。且痘疮轻而易愈也。
人参白术散 治痘疮已靥。身热不退。此药清神生津。除烦止渴。
人参 白术 藿香叶 木香 甘草 白茯苓（六味各一两） 干葛（二两）
上为粗散。每服三钱。水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。不拘时。徐徐服。
愚按前症。若痘疮已靥身热。或津液少而口干引饮者。胃气虚弱也。宜用人参白术散。若腹胀泄
泻。口干足指寒冷者。脾气虚寒也。宜用十一味木香散。若形寒恶寒。呕吐不食。腹胀泻渴等症。乃脾气虚
寒下陷也。用六君子加升麻、姜桂。如不应。急加丁香。若发热烦燥。身热恶衣。属血脱发躁。用当
归补血汤。大凡痘疮。若脾气虚弱出不快者。误以为热毒壅盛。用凉药宣利解散。致脾胃受伤。元气
愈虚。使疮不起发。不充满。不结靥。不成痂。而痒塌烦躁喘渴。死者多矣。凡痘疮首尾不宜与水。
则疮靥之后。其痂落迟。或生痈肿。治失其法。必成疳蚀疮。血水不绝。甚则面黄唇白。多致难愈。
盖脾胃属土。而主肌肉故也。
韶粉散 治小儿痘疮才愈。而毒瓦斯尚未全散。疮痂虽落。其瘢犹黯。或凹凸肉起。当用此药涂之。
韶粉（一两） 轻粉（一钱）
上研和。入炼猪脂油拌匀如膏。薄涂疮瘢上。如痘痂欲落不落。当用此方。
羊 骨髓（一两）
上炼入轻粉一钱。研成白膏。瓷合盛之。涂疮上。○如痘疮痒。误搔成疮。及疮痂欲落不落。用
上等白蜜涂之。其痂自落。亦无紫黑瘢痕。神妙。
愚按前症。若痘疮痕赤而作痒。属血虚而有热也。佐以四物、牡丹皮。若痕白而作痒。气虚而有
热也。佐以四君、芎归。疮痂欲落不落者。脾经血气虚。八珍汤。若发热而大便秘结者。肠胃内热也。
犀角消毒丸。发热而大便调和者。肺胃热也。麦门冬散。脓水淋漓者。肌表热也。用败草散敷之。
雄黄散 治小儿因痘疮。牙龈生疳蚀疮。
雄黄（一钱） 铜绿（二钱）
上二味同研极细。量疮大小干糁。
绵茧散 治小儿因痘疮余毒。肢体节HT 上有疳蚀疮。脓水不绝。
出蛾绵茧（不拘多少）
上用生白矾捶碎。实茧内。以炭火烧矾汁。干。取出为末。干贴疳疮口内。如肿 作痛。更服活命饮。
愚按雄黄散。清肝杀虫解毒。外治之方也。其症所感之经。与所致之因。各有不同。若因手足阳
明经蕴热所致者。用犀角消毒散。若因脾经疳热者。用大芜荑汤。若因肾经虚热者。用地黄丸。若因
肝经疳热者。用芜荑汤送大芦荟丸。○其绵茧散总治疮毒。脓水淋漓。收敛之外剂。若果系内无余毒
而未痊者。宜用敛之。若因血气虚而不敛。宜用托里散。若发热肿痛。大便不结。用仙方活命饮。更
以隔蒜灸法。若肿痛作渴。大便秘结。用四顺清凉饮。若大便已通。肿痛未退。仍用活命饮。若发热
倦怠。大便调和。用八珍汤加犀角。如疳蚀未应。急用隔蒜灸。若发热口干。肢体倦怠。用八珍汤加
黄。若饮食少思。肢体倦怠。用五味异功散加当归。若脓水不绝而发热。用四物、参、 、丹皮。
若脓水不绝而恶寒。用四君、归、 。恶寒发热者。用八珍、黄 。若乳母肝经血虚发热。用加味逍
遥散。若肝经因怒发热。用加味小柴胡汤。（若肝经因郁发热。用加味归脾汤。仍参前痘疮首尾误饮水证。）
谷精草散 治小儿痘疮已靥。眼目翳膜。遮障瞳人。瘾涩泪出久而不退。或十二三日。疮痂已落。
其疮瘢犹黯。或凹或凸。此肌肉尚嫩。不可澡浴。及食炙爆辛辣有毒之物。恐热毒熏于肝膈。目生翳障。若不能守禁而
致患者。须用此治之。
谷精草（一两） 生蛤粉（二两）
上为细末。以 猪肝一叶。用竹刀批片。糁药在内。用草绳缚定。入瓷器内。量用水慢火煮熟。令儿食之。
愚按前症。若痘疮愈后。余毒入于肝经而作痛者。宜用此方。羊肝散亦效。若肝经热毒。眼睛作
痛。佐以小柴胡汤。加生地黄。或犀角地黄汤。
解毒汤 治一切热毒肿痛。或风热搔痒脾胃。
黄连（三分） 金银花 连翘（各五分）
上水煎服。
愚按前症。当审其脏腑部分。及各随所因而治之。若在乳下。必当兼治其母。
参汤散 治水痘
地骨皮（半分炒） 麻黄（一分去节） 人参（一分） 滑石（半分） 大黄（一分湿纸煨熟） 知母
羌活（各一分） 甜葶苈（一分用湿纸炒） 甘草（炙半分）
上为末。每服半钱。水一小盏。入小麦七粒同煎。至十数沸。每服三五匙。不可多服。
愚按前方。发表散邪。疏通内热之峻剂。若遍身作痛。壮热烦躁。作渴饮冷。大便秘结。小便涩
滞。喘嗽等症。宜用此方。或前胡枳壳散。然水痘多属表邢。若但发热饮引。小便赤色者。当用升麻
葛根汤。如无他症。不必用药也。
上小儿疮疹。无正方论。虽有王谭钱氏之书。止见其方。未见其源。疗之者往往以药宣利解散。
因耗伤真气。遂至不救者多矣。深可痛悯。文中今将祖父秘传方论集为一卷。盖守此方三十余年。全
活者甚众。百不失一。今合广其传。使患者无枉夭之祸。医者有活人之功。此仆之夙心也。
Ge Gen Mai Men Dong San (Kudzu and Ophiopogon Powder): Treats macules and papules caused by heat-toxin in children. Symptoms include headache, high fever, and mental restlessness with irritability.
Ingredients: Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix, 3 qian), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, heart removed, 4 qian), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 2 qian), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, half liang), Chuan Sheng Ma (Bupleuri Radix, 2 qian), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 2 qian), Fu Ling (Poria, 2 qian), Chi Shao Yao (Red Peony Root, 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly. Time is not restricted; adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: The preceding formula consists of herbs for the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It expels exterior pathogens externally, clears Stomach fire internally, and supplements primordial Qi. It should not be used unless there is fever with thirst and heat in both the interior and exterior. If the exterior and interior are both deficient yet accompanied by fever and thirst, Ren Shen Mai Men Dong San (Ginseng and Ophiopogon Powder) should be used.
Sheng Di Huang San (Rehmannia Powder): Treats children with rash, body heat, dry mouth, cough, and mental restlessness.
Ingredients: Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix, half liang), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, heart removed, 3 qian), Xing Ren (Prunus Seed, 2 qian), Kuan Dong Hua (Farflores Flos, 2 qian), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 2 qian), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 2.5 qian, honey-fried).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly. Time is not restricted; adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: For the preceding formula, if there is heat in the Lung Meridian, this formula is suitable. If phlegm-qi obstructs upward, it can be assisted with Bao Long Wan (Embracing Dragon Pill).
Xing Xing San (Seven Ingredients Powder): Treats wind-heat sores and rashes, seasonal epidemics, headache, high fever, dry eyes with excessive sleepiness, cough, and rapid breathing.
Ingredients: Jie Geng (Platycodon Root, stir-fried), Zhen Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, genuine), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Bai Fu Ling (Poria with White Hosta Root, genuine), Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome, genuine), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, five leaves of Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), and three slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct together until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly. Time is not restricted; adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: For the preceding symptoms, if they are caused by wind-heat attacking a deficient exterior, this medicine is suitable. If they are caused by exterior excess and internal heat clashing, Sheng Ma Ge Gen Tang (Ephedra and Kudzu Decoction) should be used. If accompanied by thirst for cold drinks, Ge Gen Mai Men Dong San must be used. Generally, between the time sores/rashes are about to appear and when they have appeared, chills and high fever, body pain, and yellow thick stool often increase; this is the normal course of the disease. If there are no other illnesses, medication is unnecessary.
Si Wei Sheng Ma Ge Gen Tang (Four-Ingredient Ephedra and Kudzu Decoction): Treats initial fever before the clear appearance of smallpox/rash; use this decoction to disperse it.
Ingredients: Bai Shao Yao (White Peony Root, stir-fried), Chuan Sheng Ma (Bupleuri Radix, 1 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix, 1.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly at any time.
Commentary: The preceding formula is an exterior-releasing agent for the Stomach Meridian. If the exterior is excess and heat-toxin is congested in the muscles, this medicine must be used to vent and drain it. One must fear damaging the exterior too much, which would prevent the smallpox toxin from being pushed out.
Shi Yi Wei Yi Gong San (Eleven-Ingredient Extraordinary Efficacy Powder):
Ingredients: Mu Xiang (Vladimiriae Radix), Da Fu Pi (Arecae Pericarpium), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Cortex), Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Hosta Root), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix), He Li Le (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus, ginger-processed), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, ginger-processed), Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, each 3 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water and three slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct together until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm on an empty stomach. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: The preceding formula treats the period after smallpox/rash has appeared but not yet healed. Manifestations include lesions that are not lustrous, do not rise, or are not red and vibrant; or occurring between one to five to seven days after eruption, with diarrhea and thirst, abdominal distension, shortness of breath and wheezing; or body heat with abdominal distension and cold toes; or body heat with thirst; or body heat with palpitations and abdominal distension; or body heat with continuous sweating; or rapid breathing with chills and teeth grinding; or thirst that worsens with drinking; or scabs that want to fall but do not; or scabs that want to fall but do not, instead causing abdominal distension, thirst, diarrhea, and cold toes; or palpitations, chills, and teeth grinding. These indicate that the Spleen and Stomach have ultimately transformed into deficiency-cold, with decline in body fluids. This involves the subtle principles of the *Neijing* and the profound mysteries of Yin and Yang; only those proficient in medical arts can explain this. The preceding symptoms represent internal deficiency-cold of Yang Qi manifesting as false heat externally, similar to severe cases of carbuncles where Spleen/Stomach is damaged and all organs are deficiency-cold. Urgently use the preceding powder to rescue Stomach Qi; some may survive.
Shi Er Wei Yi Gong San (Twelve-Ingredient Extraordinary Efficacy Powder):
Ingredients: Mu Xiang (Vladimiriae Radix, 3.5 qian), Guan Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 2 qian, remove rough bark), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3.5 qian), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 2.5 qian), Fu Ling (Poria, 1 qian), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 2.5 qian, ginger-processed), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 qian), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 1 qian, ginger-processed), Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos), Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen, 2.5 qian), Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 1.5 qian, soaked, skin removed).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one and a half large cups of water, five slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and three plump dates, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm on an empty stomach. For three-year-olds, divide into three doses; for five-year-olds, divide into two doses; for one-to-two-year-olds, divide into three to five doses. Adjust according to the severity of the illness. This medicine has been passed down through five generations in my family and has proven effective repeatedly.
Commentary: The preceding formula treats smallpox/rash that has appeared or is about to appear, failing to rise, lacking luster, or appearing non-red/vibrant, termed "exterior deficiency." This medicine is suitable. If already erupted but not healed, with lesions lacking luster, failing to rise, or appearing non-red/vibrant, or with abdominal distension, thirst, diarrhea, and shortness of breath, it is termed "interior and exterior deficiency-cold." Urgently use this medicine delivered with Dou Kou Wan (Nutmeg Pill). Or if within eleven days the scabs do not fall, with high fever, restlessness, irritability when lying down, thirst, teeth grinding, cold fingers and toes, frequent drinking of boiling water without feeling warmth, huddling by fire under heavy quilts yet still feeling cold—all belong to interior and exterior deficiency-cold. Wang Taipu said: "When extreme cold prevails and heat therapy fails to produce warmth, it indicates absence of Fire." One should tonify Heart Fire and urgently use the preceding medicine to restore Yang. Some may survive.
Rou Dou Kou Wan (Seven-Ingredient Nutmeg Pill): Treats watery diarrhea of undigested food, white or pale yellow in color, that cannot be stopped.
Ingredients: Mu Xiang (Vladimiriae Radix), Su Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus, 2 qian), Bai Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi, half liang), He Zi Rou (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus Flesh, half liang), Chi Shi Zhi (Halloysit Rubrum, 7.5 qian), Ku Bai Fan (Alumen, 7.5 qian), Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen, half liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into fine powder, bind with thick flour paste into pills the size of millet seeds. For one-year-old infants, take 30–50 pills per dose; for three-year-olds, take 100 pills, washed down with warm rice water. For severe diarrhea, decoct Mu Xiang San (Aucklandia Powder) or deliver with Yi Gong San (Extraordinary Efficacy Powder). Stop taking once diarrhea ceases; continue if it persists.
Commentary: The preceding formula is an astringent for treating deficiency-cold of Yang Qi and slippery intestinal diarrhea. The Kidney governs defecation; if the preceding symptoms are caused by insecure Kidney Qi, use Mu Xiang San delivered with Si Shen Wan (Four Spirits Pill). If ineffective, urgently decoct Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) delivered with Si Shen Wan to tonify. This is because Rou Dou Kou Wan has more astringent effects and fewer tonifying effects.
Ren Shen Mai Men Dong San (Ginseng and Ophiopogon Powder): Treats slight thirst due to smallpox/rash (also known as Mai Men Dong San).
Ingredients: Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, 1 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, half liang), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed, half liang each).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly. Time is not restricted; adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: For the preceding formula, if smallpox/rash involves heat-toxin and Qi deficiency causing thirst, it is suitable. If thirst is caused by Qi deficiency, use Ren Shen Bai Zhu San (Ginseng and Atractylodes Powder).
Xiao Du San (Detoxification Powder): Treats smallpox/rash after six to seven days, with high body heat, constipation, and a tight pulse. Use this medicine to mildly purge. (Also known as Xiao Du Yin).
Ingredients: Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus, 4 liang, stir-fried and crushed), Jing Jie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to eight-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly at any time.
Commentary: For the preceding formula, if the toxin is in the muscles and has not fully erupted causing these symptoms, and the pulse is floating and tight, this medicine is most suitable to vent and resolve the toxin. If the rash suddenly lightens and the pulse is deep and tight, the toxin is in the Zang-Fu organs; use Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix) and Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) to unblock and eliminate the source. The rash will be even lighter.
Chai Hu Mai Men Dong San (Bupleurum and Ophiopogon Powder): Treats high fever due to smallpox/rash persisting for days without other symptoms. (This is Liu Wei Chai Hu Mai Men Dong San / Six-Ingredient Bupleurum and Ophiopogon Powder).
Ingredients: Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 2.5 qian), Long Dan Cao (Gentianae Radix, 1 qian, stir-fried), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, 3 qian), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Hei Shen (Scrophulariae Radix, each 1.5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take slowly at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: For the preceding formula, if smallpox/rash shows exterior heat, red base, pain, thirst for cold drinks, or eye pain, or if the patient has pre-existing Liver Fire and contracts smallpox/rash, this is especially suitable.
She Ye Niu Niu Zi Tang (Belamcanda and Arctus Decoction): Treats high fever due to smallpox/rash, firm stool, mouth/tongue ulcers, and sore/swollen throat, all caused by residual toxin.
Ingredients: Niu Niu Zi (Arctii Fructus, 4 liang, stir-fried and crushed), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), She Ye (Belamcandae Rhizoma, each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly.
Commentary: For the preceding formula, if smallpox/rash initially erupts with fever and pain, intensely red base, or sore throat/mouth/tongue, and thirst for drinking, it is suitable. If the preceding symptoms are caused by fever due to weak Stomach Qi, use Ren Shen Mai Men Dong San.
Jie Geng Gan Cao Fang Feng Tang (Platycodon, Licorice, and Saposhnikovia Decoction): Treats wind-heat causing throat obstruction.
Ingredients: Jie Geng (Platycodon Root, stir-fried), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: For the preceding formula, if there is wind-heat in the Upper Jiao, or phlegm-saliva attacking the throat downward, diarrhea, mouth/tongue ulcers, and thirst for drinking, this medicine must be used to disperse and resolve toxin. Even if the rash has appeared, it remains mild.
Ren Shen Qing Ge San (Ginseng Clearing Diaphragm Powder): Treats thick sticky sputum/nasal discharge, body heat, dry nose, normal stool, and yellow-red urine. Use this formula to treat.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, stir-fried), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, stir-fried), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-fried), Huang Qi (Astragali Radix, stir-fried), Zi Wan (Periplocae Radix), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Fu Ling (Poria), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Jie Geng (Platycodon Root, stir-fried, each 1 liang), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, half liang), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Hua Shi (Talcum, each 1.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Make the above ingredients into coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water and three slices of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct together until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take warm slowly at any time. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
Commentary: The preceding symptoms refer to carbuncles/sores where heat-toxin is constrained between Zang-Fu organs and meridians. This medicine should be used to guide out and support the interior, harmonize Ying and Wei, so that when pathogenic qi retreats, primordial Qi is not injured, and smallpox/rash heals easily.
Qian Hu Zhi Ke San (Peucedani and Aurantium Powder): Treats phlegm-excess with high fever, chest stuffiness, firm stool, and wheezing when lying down.
Ingredients: Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix, 1 liang), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Hosta Root), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, each half liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and adjust dosage according to the child's age and size at any time. Do not administer if the body is warm, pulse is faint, and diarrhea is present.
Commentary: For the preceding symptoms, if belonging to Lung-Stomach excess-heat, Qi stagnation, and phlegm obstruction, with constipation, red-bitter urine, irritability, thirst for cold drinks, body heat, and rapid pulse, it is suitable. To release exterior pathogens and unblock the Five Viscera, preventing pathogenic qi congestion, making smallpox/rash mild and easy to heal.
Ren Shen Bai Zhu San (Ginseng and Atractylodes Powder): Treats persistent body heat after smallpox/rash scabs have formed. This medicine clears spirit, generates fluids, removes irritability, and stops thirst.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Huo Xiang Ye (Agastaches Herba), Mu Xiang (Vladimiriae Radix), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Bai Fu Ling (Poria with White Hosta Root, each 1 liang for these six ingredients), Gan Ge (Puerariae Radix, 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose, add one large cup of water, decoct until reduced to six-tenths volume, remove dregs, and take slowly at any time.
Commentary: For the preceding symptoms, if body heat persists after scabbing, or if fluid deficiency causes dry mouth and desire to drink, it indicates weak Stomach Qi. Use Ren Shen Bai Zhu San. If abdominal distension, diarrhea, dry mouth, and cold toes occur, it indicates Spleen Qi deficiency-cold. Use Shi Yi Wei Mu Xiang San (Eleven-Ingredient Aucklandia Powder). If aversion to cold, vomiting, inability to eat, abdominal distension, diarrhea, and thirst occur, it indicates sinking of Spleen Qi deficiency-cold. Use Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) plus Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus). If ineffective, urgently add Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos). If fever, irritability, and aversion to clothing occur, indicating blood loss leading to restlessness, use Dang Gui Bu Xue Tang (Angelica Tonifying Blood Decoction). Generally, if smallpox/rash fails to emerge quickly due to weak Spleen Qi, mistaking it for excess heat-toxin and using cooling purgatives/dispersants damages the Spleen/Stomach, further depleting Yuan Qi. This prevents the rash from rising, filling, scabbing, or forming crusts, leading to itching, collapse, irritability, wheezing, thirst, and death. Water should generally be avoided throughout the course of smallpox/rash; otherwise, after scabbing, crusts fall late, or carbuncles/sores arise. Improper treatment leads to gan erosion sores, endless bloody discharge, yellow face, white lips, and difficult healing. This is because the Spleen/Stomach belongs to Earth and governs muscles.
Shao Fen San (Sha Powder Powder): Treats children whose smallpox/rash has just healed but toxic gases have not fully dispersed; although scabs have fallen, scars remain dark, or flesh rises unevenly. Apply this medicine.
Ingredients: Shao Fen (Sha Powder, 1 liang), Qing Fen (Calomelas, 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind and mix, blend with refined lard oil into a paste-like consistency, and apply thinly to scars. If scabs want to fall but do not, use this formula.
Yang Su Gao (Sheep Marrow Paste):
Preparation and Administration: Refine sheep marrow (1 liang), add 1 qian Qing Fen (Calomelas), grind into a white paste, store in porcelain, and apply to sores. ○ If smallpox/rash itches and scratching causes sores, or scabs want to fall but do not, apply premium white honey; scabs will fall naturally without purple-black scars. Miraculous.
Commentary: For the preceding symptoms, if scarred areas are red and itchy, it indicates blood deficiency with heat. Assist with Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) and Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex). If white and itchy, it indicates Qi deficiency with heat. Assist with Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) and Xiong Gui (Xiong Chuanyin and Dang Gui). If scabs want to fall but do not, it indicates Spleen Meridian blood-Qi deficiency; use Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction). If fever with constipation, it indicates internal heat in intestines/stomach; use Xi Jiao Xiao Du Wan (Rhino Horn Detoxification Pill). If fever with normal stool, it indicates Lung-Stomach heat; use Mai Men Dong San. If pus/water drips continuously, it indicates surface heat; use Bai Cao San (Decayed Grass Powder) applied externally.
Xiong Huang San (Realgar Powder): Treats children developing gan erosion sores on gums due to smallpox/rash.
Ingredients: Xiong Huang (Realgar, 1 qian), Tong Lv (Malachite, 2 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the two ingredients extremely finely, and sprinkle dry powder according to the size of the sore.
Mian Jian San (Silkworm Cocoon Powder): Treats residual toxin from smallpox/rash in children causing gan erosion sores on limbs/joints with continuous pus/water.
Ingredients: Chu E Mian Jian (Silkworm Cocoon after moth emergence, any amount).
Preparation and Administration: Crush raw Bai Fan (Alumen), fill inside the cocoon, burn over charcoal until the alum juice dries, remove, grind into powder, and apply dry to the gan sore opening. If swelling/pain occurs, additionally take Huo Ming Yin (Living Life Decoction).
Commentary: Xiong Huang San clears Liver, kills parasites, and resolves toxin; it is an external treatment. The meridians affected and causes vary. If caused by heat accumulation in Hand/Foot Yangming Meridians, use Xi Jiao Xiao Du San (Rhino Horn Detoxification Powder). If caused by Spleen Meridian gan-heat, use Da Wu Yi Tang (Major Wormwood Decoction). If caused by Kidney Meridian deficiency-heat, use Di Huang Wan (Rehmannia Pill). If caused by Liver Meridian gan-heat, use Wu Yi Tang (Wormwood Decoction) delivered with Da Lu Hui Wan (Large Aloe Pill). ○ Mian Jian San generally treats sore toxins, dripping pus/water, as an external astringent. If truly no residual internal toxin remains but healing is incomplete, use astringents. If failure to heal is due to blood-Qi deficiency, use Tuo Li San (Support Interior Powder). If fever/swelling/pain with constipation, use Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin (Immortal Formula Living Life Decoction) combined with Ge Suan Jiu Fa (Garlic-Separated Moxibustion). If swelling/pain/thirst with constipation, use Si Shun Qing Re Yin (Four Smoothings Cooling Heat Decoction). If stool is open but swelling/pain persists, continue using Huo Ming Yin. If fever/fatigue with normal stool, use Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) plus Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu). If gan erosion does not respond, urgently use Ge Suan Jiu Fa. If fever/dry mouth with limb fatigue, use Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) plus Huang Qi (Astragali Radix). If poor appetite with limb fatigue, use Wu Wei Yi Gong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Efficacy Powder) plus Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix). If continuous pus/water with fever, use Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Huang Qi (Astragali Radix), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex). If continuous pus/water with aversion to cold, use Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Huang Qi (Astragali Radix). If aversion to cold with fever, use Ba Zhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) plus Huang Qi (Astragali Radix). If nursing mother has Liver Meridian blood-deficiency fever, use Jia Wei Xiao Yao San (Modified Free Wanderer Powder). If Liver Meridian fever due to anger, use Jia Wei Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Modified Minor Bupleurum Decoction). (If Liver Meridian fever due to depression, use Jia Wei Gui Pi Tang (Modified Restore the Spleen Decoction); refer also to the previous section on errors in giving water during smallpox/rash.)
Gu Jing Cao San (Descurainia Powder): Treats children whose smallpox/rash has scabbed, causing eye membranes obscuring pupils, gritty sensation, tearing lasting long, or after twelve to thirteen days, scabs fallen but scars dark, concave or convex. Muscles are tender; avoid bathing and eating roasted, fried, spicy, or toxic foods. Fear heat-toxin steaming Liver/Diaphragm causing eye opacity. If dietary restrictions are violated leading to illness, use this treatment.
Ingredients: Gu Jing Cao (Descurainiae Herba, 1 liang), Sheng Ha Fen (Clam Shell Powder, 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Take one slice of pig liver, cut with bamboo knife, sprinkle medicine inside, tie with grass rope, place in porcelain vessel, add appropriate water, cook slowly over low heat until done, and let the child eat.
Commentary: For the preceding symptoms, if residual toxin enters the Liver Meridian after smallpox/rash healing causing pain, this formula is suitable. Yang Gan San (Sheep Liver Powder) is also effective. If Liver Meridian heat-toxin causes eye pain, assist with Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) plus Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix). Or Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang (Rhino Horn and Rehmannia Decoction).
Jie Du Tang (Detoxification Decoction): Treats all heat-toxin swelling/pain, or wind-heat itching affecting Spleen/Stomach.
Ingredients: Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 3 fen), Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus, each 5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Decoct in water and take.
Commentary: For the preceding symptoms, examine the specific Zang-Fu locations and treat according to causes. If the patient is breastfeeding, the mother must also be treated.
Can Tang San (Ginseng Soup Powder): Treats water-pox.
Ingredients: Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex, 0.5 fen, stir-fried), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 fen, remove joints), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 1 fen), Hua Shi (Talcum, 0.5 fen), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 fen, baked in wet paper), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, each 1 fen), Tian Ting Li (Descurainiae Semen, 1 fen, baked in wet paper), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 0.5 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Take half qian per dose, add one small cup of water and seven wheat grains, decoct until boiling ten times. Take three to five spoons per dose; do not overdose.
Commentary: The preceding formula is a potent agent for releasing exterior, dispersing pathogens, and clearing internal heat. Suitable for body-wide pain, high fever, irritability, thirst for cold drinks, constipation, difficult urination, wheezing/cough. Or use Qian Hu Zhi Ke San (Peucedani and Aurantium Powder). However, water-pox mostly belongs to exterior pathogens. If only fever with desire to drink and red urine, use Sheng Ma Ge Gen Tang (Ephedra and Kudzu Decoction). If no other symptoms, medication is unnecessary.
Above regarding pediatric sores/rashes, there are no standard formula discussions. Although books by Wang Tan and Qian exist, only formulas are seen, not their origins. Practitioners often use purgatives/dispersants, consuming True Qi, leading to many untreatable cases. Deeply pitiable. Wen Zhong now collects his grandfather's secret transmitted formula discussions into one volume. Having guarded these formulas for over thirty years, many have been saved, losing only one in a hundred. Now I combine and spread them widely, so patients suffer no premature death, and physicians achieve the merit of saving lives. This is my lifelong aspiration.