凡小儿伤食，关纹沉滞，胸腹饱胀疼痛，手足心热，或下午热，口渴。兼风者，咳嗽烧
热，兼寒者吐泻。凡伤食轻者，以神曲、麦芽、焦楂各二钱，水煎服。伤饭食者，加炒谷芽
二钱，老米二钱；伤面食者，加莱菔子一钱，小酒曲一个（烧）；伤肉食者，倍加焦楂或芜荑
各一钱；宿食者，加香附一钱；食重者，加枳壳、伏皮各二钱，或少加谷虫数粒亦可；脾虚
者，以四君子汤加枳壳、西砂各二钱；伤食咳嗽，服平胃、二陈汤；伤食吐泻者，服洪氏寸
金丹，再兼证各自加减。小儿禀赋甚薄，切勿妄用三棱莪术，以伤元气。
平胃二陈汤 治伤食腹痛，停食咳嗽。
苍术 陈皮 甘草 紫朴 茯苓 半夏 山楂 神曲（各八分） 水煎服。
洪氏寸金丹 治小儿食滞、感冒无不应验，价廉而功大也。
藿香 苍术 紫朴 广皮 神曲 紫苏 白芍 赤苓 桔梗 法夏 白芷 砂仁 广皮
（各八分） 姜（三片） 水煎服。加分细末为丸亦可。
小儿之咳，谓有声无痰者，肺伤也。嗽则有痰无声者，肺湿也。咳嗽则有虚实、风寒、
湿食、停痰、阴虚等症。但因痰而嗽者，痰为重，主治在脾；因咳而动痰者，咳为重，主治
在肺。以时而言之，清晨咳者属痰火，午前嗽者属胃火，午后嗽者属阴虚，黄昏嗽者火浮于
肺，二更嗽者食积滞于三焦。嗽而抱首面赤反食者，肺实也。气逆虚鸣，面白餐食者，肺虚
也。痰腥而稠，身热喘满，鼻干面赤者，肺热也。嗽多清痰，面白而喘，恶风多涕者，肺寒
也。感冒风寒，发热鼻塞，声重者，服参苏饮。因火痰热，咳嗽面赤，心烦咽痛，鼻血者，
服清热导痰汤。伤食停痰，吐呕腹痛者，服平胃二陈汤。久咳气虚，四肢怯冷，气血不足者
，服补中益气汤。
水泛为痰，五心发热，食减神昏，痰如水泡者，服八仙长寿饮。日间咳少，夜间甚者，
服金水六君汤。
参苏饮 治四时感冒，头痛发热，咳嗽痰盛。
茯苓（一钱） 拣参 枳壳 法夏 前胡 苏叶 干葛 广皮 桔梗（各一钱） 炙草（五分） 生
姜（三片） 葱白（三寸） 水煎温服。
人参败毒散 此方辛平升散，为咳嗽第一神方，举世少有。知者凡有咳嗽，无论内伤外
感风寒，夹湿夹毒，不拘男妇、大小，胸紧气急咽痛口苦，痰不相应，即用此方升散之。或
感冒重者，服此其咳愈甚，不知者以为药不相符，弃而不服。不知正是升散之力佳兆也，再
服之渐次轻减。不拘剂数，只以痰为度，声响痰出，是其效也。枯燥之人，数剂之后，略加
沙参、尾参、当归、白芍、生地、麦冬之类，以滋其阴，无不愈者。再有叮咛，凡咳嗽初起
，切不可误用寒凉及滋阴之药，闭其肺窍，为害不小，但以辛散之药为先着。俟痰应之后，
渐加滋阴则得也。
拣参 川芎 枳壳 茯苓 前胡 柴胡 苏荷 芥穗 西风 连翘（各一钱） 桔梗（一钱二
分） 羌活（七分） 独活 甘草（各五分） 生姜（一片） 水煎服。
清肺饮 治气逆而咳，面白有痰。
前胡 枳壳 知母 川贝 茯苓 桔梗 麦冬 井胶（各一钱） 柴胡 苏荷（各七分） 桑皮
（五分） 甘草（五分） 水煎服。忌油。
葶苈丸 治乳食冲脾，伤风咳嗽，身热痰多喘嗽。
葶苈（去土，隔纸略炒） 牵牛（炒） 杏仁（去皮尖，炒黄色另研） 防己（炒）
上药等共为末，入杏仁泥和蒸，枣红为丸，如绿豆大，每服六七丸，姜汤送下，量小儿
大小加减。
清宁丸 治心肺有热而令咳嗽，宜从小便利出。
桑皮（炙） 葶苈（炒） 赤苓（酒炒） 前仁（炒。各等分） 甘草（减半）
上为末，每服五分，生姜大枣汤送下。
清热导痰汤 治火咳热痰结胸。
白茯苓 陈皮 半夏 南星 枳实 桔梗 黄芩 栝蒌仁（捶去油） 甘草（各七分） 桑皮
川贝（各八分） 杏仁（七粒，去皮尖）
平胃二陈汤 治伤食腹痛，停痰咳嗽。
苍术 陈皮 甘草 浓朴（姜汁炒。各一钱） 茯苓 半夏 楂肉 神曲（炒。各八分）
加减补中益气汤 治咳嗽气虚，以此升之。
蜜 人参 当归 白术（土炒） 茯苓（各一钱） 广皮 炙草 蜜升麻 蜜柴胡（各五分）
以上原方，虚咳者加酒芍、麦冬（各一钱），五味（七粒）。
八仙长寿饮 治肾虚水泛为痰。
熟地 枣皮 怀山药 茯苓（各一钱） 丹皮 泽泻（各七分） 五味子（七粒） 麦冬（去心，一钱）
金水六君煎 治夜咳不愈。
熟地 当归（各四钱） 茯苓（三钱） 半夏 陈皮 甘草（各一钱） 核桃（二个） 煨姜 水煎服。
Whenever a child suffers from food stagnation, the fingerprint appears deep and sluggish, with fullness, distension, and pain in the chest and abdomen, heat in the palms and soles, or afternoon fever, and thirst. If accompanied by wind pathogen, coughing and fever occur; if accompanied by cold pathogen, vomiting and diarrhea occur. For mild cases of food stagnation, use Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Maiya (Sprouted Hordeum Vulgare Fruit), and Jiaozha (Charred Crataegi Fructus) each at 2 qian, decocted in water and taken orally. For rice food stagnation, add Chao Guya (Fried Oryza Sativa Germ) 2 qian and Laomi (Old Rice) 2 qian; for wheat flour food stagnation, add Laifuzi (Radish Seed) 1 qian and Xiao Jiuqu (Small Wine Leaven) one piece (burnt); for meat food stagnation, double the amount of Jiaozha or Wuyi (Torreya Grandis Seed) to 1 qian each; for retained food, add Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) 1 qian; for severe food retention, add Zhike (Aurantii Fructus) and Fupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum) each 2 qian, or add a few grains of Guchong (Grain Insect) as well; for Spleen deficiency, use Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) with added Zhike and Xisha Ren (Amomi Fructus) each 2 qian; for food stagnation causing cough, use Pingwei San (Pingwei Powder) and Erchen Tang (Two Aged Decoction); for food stagnation causing vomiting and diarrhea, use Hongshi Cunjin Dan (Hong's Inch Gold Pill), adjusting according to accompanying symptoms. Children have very weak constitution; do not recklessly use Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma) and Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma) to avoid damaging Yuanqi (Original Qi).
Pingwei Erchen Tang: Treats abdominal pain due to food stagnation and cough due to retained food.
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Zipu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Fuling (Poria), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma processed), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven) (each 8 fen), decocted in water and taken orally.
Hongshi Cunjin Dan: Effective for pediatric food stagnation and colds, inexpensive yet potent.
Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Cangzhu, Zipu, Guangpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shenqu, Zisu (Perillae Folium), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Chiling (Poria cum Risus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Faxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma processed), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Guangpi (each 8 fen), Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (3 slices), decocted in water and taken orally. Can also be ground into fine powder and made into pills.
Pediatric cough is defined as having sound but no phlegm, indicating Lung injury. Sou (cough with phlegm but no distinct sound) indicates Lung dampness. Coughing and sou involve deficiency-excess patterns, wind-cold, damp-food, retained phlegm, Yin deficiency, etc. When sou is caused by phlegm, phlegm is primary, and treatment focuses on the Spleen; when cough triggers phlegm, cough is primary, and treatment focuses on the Lung. Regarding timing: morning cough belongs to Phlegm-Fire; mid-morning sou belongs to Stomach Fire; afternoon sou belongs to Yin Deficiency; dusk cough indicates Fire floating in the Lung; second watch (9-11 PM) cough indicates Food Stagnation in the Sanjiao. Cough with head-holding, red face, and abnormal eating indicates Lung Excess. Qi reversal with empty wheezing, pale face, and inability to eat indicates Lung Deficiency. Fishy-smelling thick phlegm, body fever, panting and fullness, dry nose and red face indicate Lung Heat. Frequent clear phlegm, pale face, panting, aversion to wind, and excessive runny nose indicate Lung Cold. Wind-cold invasion with fever, nasal congestion, and heavy voice should be treated with Shensu Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Decoction). Fire-phlegm heat with cough, red face, vexation, sore throat, and epistaxis should be treated with Qingre Daotan Tang (Clear Heat and Resolve Phlegm Decoction). Food stagnation with retained phlegm, vomiting, and abdominal pain should be treated with Pingwei Erchen Tang. Chronic cough with Qi deficiency, cold limbs, and insufficient Qi and Blood should be treated with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction).
Water overflowing to form phlegm, heat in five centers, reduced appetite, drowsiness, and phlegm like water bubbles should be treated with Baxian Changshou Yin (Eight Immortals Longevity Decoction). Less cough during day, severe at night should be treated with Jinshui Liujun Tang (Metal-Water Six Gentlemen Decoction).
Shensu Yin: Treats four-season colds, headache, fever, and profuse phlegm with cough.
Fuling (1 qian), Jianren (Selected Ginseng Radix), Zhike, Faxia, Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Suye (Perillae Folium), Gan Ge (Puerariae Radix), Guangpi, Jiegeng (each 1 qian), Zhicao (Honey-fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (5 fen), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (3 slices), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) (3 cun), decocted in water and taken warm.
Renshen Baidu San: This formula is acrid, neutral, ascending, and dispersing, being the premier divine formula for cough, rare in the world. Those who understand it will use this formula for any cough, whether internal injury or external wind-cold, complicated by dampness or toxin, regardless of gender or age, presenting with chest tightness, shortness of breath, sore throat, bitter taste, and inappropriate phlegm expulsion. If the cold is severe, cough may worsen after taking this; those who do not understand think the medicine is mismatched and stop taking it. They do not realize this is a good omen of the ascending and dispersing power working; subsequent doses will gradually reduce symptoms. Do not limit the number of doses; only judge by phlegm expulsion. Sound changes and phlegm outflow indicate efficacy. For dry constitutions, after several doses, slightly add Shashen (Glehniae Radix), Weishen (Adenophorae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao, Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) to nourish Yin; all will recover. Further advice: at the onset of cough, absolutely do not mistakenly use cold-cooling or Yin-nourishing medicines that close the Lung orifices, causing great harm. Use acrid-dispersing medicines first. After phlegm responds, gradually add Yin-nourishing medicines.
Jianren, Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Zhike, Fuling, Qianhu, Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Suhe (Perillae Folium and Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Jiesui (Schizonepetae Spica), Xifeng (Saussureae Involucratae Herba), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) (each 1 qian), Jiegeng (1.2 qian), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (7 fen), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Gancao (each 5 fen), Shengjiang (1 slice), decocted in water and taken orally.
Qingfei Yin: Treats Qi reversal causing cough, pale face with phlegm.
Qianhu, Zhike, Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Chuanbei (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Fuling, Jiegeng, Maidong, Jingjiao (Well Glue) (each 1 qian), Chaihu, Suhe (each 7 fen), Sangpi (Mori Cortex) (5 fen), Gancao (5 fen), decocted in water and taken orally. Avoid oil.
Tingli Wan: Treats milk/food rushing to Spleen, wind-cold cough, body fever, profuse phlegm, panting and cough.
Tingli (Descurainiae Semen seu Lepidii Semen et Descurainiae Semen, cleaned of soil, lightly fried between papers), Qianniu (Pharbitidis Semen, fried), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, peeled and tipped, fried yellow and ground separately), Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix, fried).
The above herbs are ground into equal parts powder, mixed with Xingren paste and steamed, formed into pills the color of jujube skin, size of mung beans. Take 6-7 pills per dose, delivered with Ginger Soup, adjusted according to child's size.
Qingning Wan: Treats Heart-Lung heat causing cough, suitable for draining via urination.
Sangpi (Honey-fried), Tingli (Fried), Chiling (Wine-fried), Qianren (Plantaginis Semen, fried) (equal parts), Gancao (half dose).
Ground into powder. Take 5 fen per dose, delivered with Ginger and Jujube Soup.
Qingre Daotan Tang: Treats Fire Cough and Hot Phlegm binding in the chest.
Bai Fuling, Chenpi, Banxia, Nanxing (Arisaema Cum Bile), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Jiegeng, Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Gualouren (Trichosanthis Semen, crushed to remove oil), Gancao (each 7 fen), Sangpi, Chuanbei (each 8 fen), Xingren (7 grains, peeled and tipped).
Pingwei Erchen Tang: Treats abdominal pain due to food stagnation and cough due to retained phlegm.
Cangzhu, Chenpi, Gancao, Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, stir-fried with Ginger Juice) (each 1 qian), Fuling, Banxia, Zharou (Crataegi Fructus flesh), Shenqu (Fried) (each 8 fen).
Jiajian Buzhong Yiqi Tang: Treats cough with Qi deficiency, using this to lift.
Honey, Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Danggui, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, earth-fried), Fuling (each 1 qian), Guangpi, Zhicao, Mishengma (Honey-fried Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Mischaihu (Honey-fried Bupleuri Radix) (each 5 fen).
For the original formula above, for deficiency cough, add Jiushao (Alcohol-processed Paeoniae Radix Alba) and Maidong (each 1 qian), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) (7 grains).
Baxian Changshou Yin: Treats Kidney deficiency with water overflowing to form phlegm.
Shudi (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), Zaopi (Corni Fructus), Huaishanyao (Dioscoreae Oppositae Rhizoma), Fuling (each 1 qian), Danpi (Moutan Cortex), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) (each 7 fen), Wuweizi (7 grains), Maidong (Heart removed, 1 qian).
Jinshui Liujun Jian: Treats persistent night cough.
Shudi, Danggui (each 4 qian), Fuling (3 qian), Banxia, Chenpi, Gancao (each 1 qian), Hetao (Walnut Kernel) (2 pieces), Wei Jiang (Roasted Ginger), decocted in water and taken orally.