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(When the pathogen is in the exterior, it is appropriate to use sweating and dispersing methods. When the pathogen is in the interior, it is appropriate to use purging and clearing methods. As for cases where the exterior syndrome has not yet resolved while the interior syndrome is urgent, Zhang Zhongjing established the Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction) formula.)

(Zhang Zhongjing) treats Taiyang cold damage fever, where sweating does not resolve the heat, indicating yang pathogens entering the interior and heat binding within. (The "interior" here does not refer to the interior of the Three Yin meridians, but rather the Stomach Fu organ; this constitutes Shaoyang-Yangming combined disease. The Three Yin meridians can also transform into Yangming diseases, such as Taichin having Guizhi Jiadahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig plus Rhubarb Decoction), Shaoyin having the three Chengqi Decoctions, and Jueyin having Chengqi Decoctions, all involving Yangming syndromes.) Symptoms include epigastric fullness and hardness, vomiting accompanied by diarrhea. (Zhang Jianshan states: If the interior is deficient, even if there is difficulty with bowel movements, do not purge. If the interior is not deficient, despite vomiting and diarrhea, purging may be used. Restlessness, aversion to phlegm/vomiting, indicates severe interior heat binding in the stomach, so purging leads to recovery. He further states: Premature purging in cold damage causes deficiency, leading to diarrhea with mixed cold and heat due to unresolved exterior and interior. Therefore, Guizhi Renshen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ginseng Decoction) is used to release the exterior and harmonize the interior. However, if cold damage presents with fever, sweating, epigastric fullness and hardness, vomiting, and diarrhea, this is an excess pattern, so Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction) is used to purge.) Alternatively, there may be alternating chills and fever, restlessness, thirst, delirium, abdominal fullness, with unresolved exterior syndrome and urgent interior syndrome, presenting with a surging pulse. (This indicates pathogen in Yangming.) Or a deep, solid, wiry, and rapid pulse. (Deep and solid indicates pathogen in the interior; wiry and rapid indicates Shaoyang.)

Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 8 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum, half sheng), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 liang), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 5 liang), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces, split), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, 4 pieces).

Since the exterior syndrome remains, Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) is used to release the exterior. Since the interior syndrome is urgent, Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) are used to purge the interior. Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) soothes the Spleen and astringes Yin, (and can drain Liver fire... [text fragment]). Previously, Qianhu (Peucedani Radix) replaced Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), naming it Daqianhu Tang (Peucedani Decoction). (Cui Shi used it for its descending action to treat wind-phlegm.)

(Zhang Zhongjing) treats cold damage that has persisted for thirteen days without resolution, presenting with chest and hypochondriac fullness and vomiting, afternoon tidal fever. Subsequently, mild diarrhea occurs. This originally belonged to the Chaihu syndrome category, but was incorrectly treated with pill-based purgatives, which is not the correct method. Tidal fever indicates interior excess. First, Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) should be administered to resolve the exterior, followed by Jiamanxiao Tang (Mansio Salt Added Decoction) as the main treatment. (Thirteen days represent the completion of two transmission cycles, the time when resolution is due. Hypochondriac fullness and vomiting indicate Shaoyang; chest fullness and afternoon tidal fever indicate Yangming; the pathogen is between the interior and exterior.)