（附囊痈）
〔总论〕 疝气症有各别。治亦不同。如寒疝。囊冷结硬如石。阴茎不举。或引睾丸痛。
乃起于坐卧湿地。或寒月涉水。喜暖畏寒者是也。以温暖去湿之药治之。 水疝。囊肿如水
晶。阴汗痒搔出黄水。或小腹按之作水声。乃得于醉酒行房。汗出遇风寒。湿结囊中。以逐
水之剂下之。 筋疝。阴茎肿胀。或溃或脓。里急筋缩疼痛。痛极则痒。或挺出不收。溺浊
如精。乃得于房中邪术所致。宜降心火之药治之。 血疝。状如黄瓜。在小腹两傍横骨两端。
俗名便痈。得之春夏大暖。劳于使内。其气流溢。渗入脬囊。结为痈肿。以和血药治之。
气疝。上连肾区。下及阴囊。或因号哭忿怒气郁而胀。以散气药治之。 狐疝。状如瓦。卧
则入腹。行则出。上下无定。如狐之惑也。以逐气流经之药治之。 疝。阴囊肿大。如升
如斗。不痒不痛。因受湿气而生。多服去湿之药治之。凡患疝气者。杨梅不可与烧酒同食。
食则实时举发。无药可解矣。慎之。
〔疝气初起〕 白凤仙花阴干。荸荠风干等分。烧酒浸服。日饮二三钟即效。 橘核炒
去壳为末。每日空心温酒调服一二钱甚效。 山楂。苍术。（各五钱）无灰酒碗半。煎八分
热服。盖被出汗数服愈。
〔寒疝攻痛及偏坠〕 不论老少。病在左。荔枝核一岁一粒。慢火 存性。研末。空心
好酒调服。（年纪多者。不妨作数次服。须一日服之。）病在右。小茴香盐水炒。研末。空心
烧酒调下三钱。黄酒亦效。
〔寒疝气上冲中脘筑痛〕 乳香。（箬上炙去油研细二钱）生姜自然汁二钱。水一钟。
同煎三五沸。通口服。
〔寒疝诸疝心腹痛不可忍〕 当归。（三两）生姜。（五两）羊肉。（一斤）共煮浓汁。
每服半碗。日三服。如寒重加生姜。呕吐者加陈皮二两。白术一两。 玄胡索。小茴香。（等
分）胡椒少许为末。每服二钱。酒调下。寒重加胡椒。
〔寒疝偏坠〕 大茴香一两。（研末）小茴香一两。用猪尿脬一个连尿。入二末于内。
系定入罐内。以酒煮烂。连脬捣丸。如桐子大。每服五十丸。白滚汤下。
〔热疝〕 乃火邪聚于阴分。大能作痛。必以热症热脉。或大便秘结。小便热少。烦热
喜冷者是也。用紫背天葵草三两。好酒二斤。灰火上煎至十分之五。早晚饮一二杯。两次愈。
忌
〔水疝〕 苍术。（八两米泔水浸一宿晒干用生姜八两葱白四两捣炒苍术干去葱姜不用）
茴香。（八两。用生姜汁四两浸一二宿后用盐炒燥）吴茱萸。（汤泡三五次焙燥二两）共为细
末。捣葱白成膏为丸。桐子大。每服五十丸。空心温酒下。 湿疝阴丸作痛。艾叶。紫苏叶。
川椒同炒热拌匀。乘热用绢袋盛夹囊下。勿令走气。冷即易之。
〔血疝偏坠肿痛〕 苏木煮酒服。 楮树叶。栗树叶。煮酒服。俱效。 以铁秤锤烧红
淬酒服。亦效。 雄鸡翼毛。左患取左。右患取右。烧灰酒调下。
〔偏坠〕 鸡子。（一个尖上开一孔）入硫黄末三钱。火 成炭。研细。白汤下。 丝
瓜叶烧存性三钱。鸡蛋壳烧灰二钱。温酒调服。 左里 螺蛳骨上排起四指。是三阳交穴。
灸七壮止痛如神。即除根。
〔主心疝〕 山羊血不落水者。荷叶包裹。挂当风处阴干。不可着雨。遇此症。取三五
钱冲热酒服。（不饮酒者。滚汤亦可。并治诸疝。）
〔 疝〕 南星。（汤泡）山楂。苍术。（各二两）白芷。半夏。（制）枳实。神曲。（各
一两）海藻。昆布。（各五钱）玄明粉。吴茱萸。（泡三次各二钱）为末。酒糊为丸。盐汤下。
三五十丸。
〔木疝〕 即木肾。凡人心火下降。则肾水不患其不温。真阳下行。则肾气不患其不和。
温且和安有所谓木强者哉。木强则伤肾矣。故不可纯用燥药。当行温和散利。以逐其邪。病
邪渐去。营卫流转则愈。须服枸杞子丸。枸杞子。昆布吴茱萸。（汤泡二三次各四两）南星。
（汤泡七次）半夏。（制）白芷。山楂。（去核）神曲。（炒各二两）滑石。（炒）苍术。（盐
炒）橘核
〔诸疝举发痛不可忍〕 荔枝核。（炒脆为末）空心白汤下。或加青皮。山栀。山楂。
茱
萸。各等分。炒末。仍用白汤调服。 大茴香同荔枝核炒黑。各半研末。每服一钱。温酒调
下。 如兼肿痛。取旱莲草捣汁一盏。酒半盏和匀。顿热服。不论老少新久。服之立效。以
旱莲草能行血治血故也。
〔疝气囊肿〕 田间青蛙皮贴之效。艾灸大敦穴。（在足大趾肉甲相连之处。）灸三壮即
愈。
〔治诸疝〕 茄蒂。伏天晒干切片。交秋不用。蒸好。酒服自愈。 如主心疝。加砂仁。
（
再发
〔偏坠初起〕 小茴香。（盐水炒一两）穿山甲。（炮五钱）俱为末。每服二钱。酒调下。
如
蛋九个
。（米醋二斤。锅内浸煮。以醋干为度。）取出去壳。每食三个。好酒下。年久者二次愈。
〔木 偏坠上下不定疼痛不止〕 牡蛎。（不拘多少）盐泥固济。用炭三斤。 令火尽。
冷取出。每用二两。加干姜末一两。同研和匀。冷水调涂患处。小便大利即愈。 内服玄胡
索。（盐水炒一两）全蝎。（五钱）俱为末。每服二钱。盐汤下。
〔囊痈〕 凡小腹作痛。牵引肾子。多寒少热。好饮热汤。乃疝气也。如阴囊红肿发热。
小便赤涩。内热口干。坠重作痛。乃囊痈之症。不宜用疝家热药。清肝渗湿汤治之。川芎。
龙胆草。天花粉。当归。生地。柴胡。山栀。黄芩。（各一钱）泽泻。木通。甘草。（各五分）
加灯心水煎。食前服。 溃后糁药。蚌壳。（ ）黄连。（炒）青黛各等分。研极细敷之。
〔阴肿核痛大如升者〕 捣马鞭草汁涂之。 韭菜地上蚯蚓粪。以生甘草煎浓调涂。
〔阴囊烂尽只留二子〕 凤仙花子。甘草等分。研末。麻油调敷即生肉。（囊痈。乃阴
虚湿热流注于囊。结而为肿。至溃后睾丸悬挂者。犹不伤人。以其毒从外发。治当补阴清利
湿热。取效者十有八九。） 老杉木。（烧灰存性）苏叶。（焙燥）各等分。为细末敷上。仍
以
苏叶包之。
〔肾子肿如水晶阴汗潮湿〕 灶心土二升研碎。砂锅内炒热。加川椒小茴香于上。乘温
将阴囊放在上面。冷则再炒。三次愈。内服米仁。（朝东壁土同炒燥去土。）水煮连汁服。（多
吃
〔肾囊风肾子肿大〕 鸡蛋煮熟去白留黄。炒枯出油，再用老杉木烧灰存性。调油搽之。
〔囊痒〕 燥者以油核桃取油润之。 湿者五加皮。千里光。明矾。刘寄奴。 草。
煎汤洗之。 猪窠草。（生小猪时者。）煎汤洗。陈壁土研末扑上愈。 阴囊。肾茎。肛门瘙
痒难忍。用陈葫芦烧灰存性。擦糁患处立愈。
(Attached: Parorchitis)
[General Discussion] Hernia syndromes vary, and their treatments differ accordingly. For example, Cold Hernia presents with a cold, hard scrotum like stone, impotence, or pain radiating to the testicles. This arises from sitting or sleeping on damp ground, or wading in water during cold months; patients prefer warmth and fear cold. It should be treated with warming and dampness-dispelling herbs. Water Hernia presents with a scrotum swollen like crystal, sweating and itching of the yin area with yellow discharge, or a splashing sound upon pressing the lower abdomen. This results from sexual intercourse after drunkenness, or exposure to wind-cold while sweating, causing dampness to condense in the scrotum. It should be treated with purgatives that drain water. Sinew Hernia presents with swelling of the penis, ulceration or suppuration, tenesmus, tendon contraction and pain, extreme pain leading to itching, or protrusion of the penis that cannot retract, and turbid urine resembling semen. This is caused by improper sexual practices and should be treated with herbs that descend Heart Fire. Blood Hernia resembles a cucumber in shape, located at both ends of the transverse bones on either side of the lower abdomen, commonly known as "Bian Yong" (Perineal Abscess). It results from excessive sexual activity during the warm seasons of spring and summer, causing qi and blood to overflow and infiltrate the bladder and scrotum, forming an abscess. It should be treated with blood-nourishing and harmonizing herbs. Qi Hernia extends from the kidney region to the scrotum, often caused by crying or anger leading to qi stagnation and distension. It should be treated with herbs that dissipate qi. Fox Hernia resembles a tile; it retracts into the abdomen when lying down and protrudes when walking, moving up and down unpredictably, like the elusive fox. It should be treated with herbs that expel pathogenic qi and unblock meridians. Dan Hernia presents with massive scrotal swelling, like a sheng or dou measure, without itching or pain, caused by dampness invasion. It should be treated with multiple doses of dampness-dispelling herbs. Patients with hernia must avoid eating waxberries with liquor; doing so will trigger immediate recurrence with no cure. Be cautious.
[Early Stage of Hernia] Dry *Impatiens balsamina* flowers (White Fengxian Flower) and dried *Eleocharis tuberosa* (Water Chestnut) in equal parts. Soak in liquor and drink. Drinking two to three cups daily yields effective results. Stir-fry *Tangerine Seed* (Juhe), remove shells, and powder. Take one to two qian mixed with warm wine on an empty stomach for excellent results. *Hawthorn Fruit* (Shanzha) and *Atractylodes Rhizome* (Cangzhu) (5 qian each). Decoct in half a bowl of pure liquor until reduced to 80%. Drink hot. Cover with blankets to induce sweating; a few doses will cure.
[Cold Hernia with Pain and Unilateral Scrotal Swelling] Regardless of age, if the disease is on the left, use one lychee seed per year of age. Slowly roast until the interior property remains, powder it, and take on an empty stomach mixed with good liquor. (Elderly patients may divide the dose but must finish within one day.) If on the right, stir-fry *Fennel Fruit* (Xiaohuixiang) with salt water, powder it, and take three qian on an empty stomach mixed with liquor. Yellow liquor is also effective.
[Cold Hernia with Qi Rushing to Zhongwan Causing Throbbing Pain] *Frankincense* (Ruxiang) (2 qian, roasted on bamboo leaf to remove oil and powdered), fresh ginger juice (2 qian), and one zhong of water. Decoct together for three to five boils. Take orally all at once.
[Cold Hernia and Other Hernias with Unbearable Heart and Abdominal Pain] *Angelica Sinensis Root* (Danggui) (3 liang), fresh ginger (5 liang), and mutton (1 jin). Boil together to make a concentrated decoction. Take half a bowl per dose, three times daily. Increase ginger if cold is severe. Add *Tangerine Peel* (Chenpi) 2 liang and *Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome* (Baizhu) 1 liang if vomiting occurs. *Corydalis Rhizome* (Yanhusuo) and *Fennel Fruit* (Xiaohuixiang) in equal parts, with a little *Pepper* (Hujiao), powdered. Take 2 qian mixed with liquor. Increase pepper if cold is severe.
[Cold Hernia with Unilateral Scrotal Swelling] *Star Anise* (Da Huixiang) 1 liang (powdered) and *Fennel Fruit* (Xiaohuixiang) 1 liang. Place these powders inside one pig bladder with urine. Tie securely and place in a jar. Decoct in liquor until soft. Pound the bladder and contents together to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills per dose with plain boiled water.
[Hot Hernia] This is caused by fire pathogens gathering in the yin aspect, causing severe pain. It is characterized by heat symptoms and pulse, constipation, scanty hot urination, irritability, and preference for cold. Use 3 liang of *Ophiopogon japonicus* (Zibei Tiankui - specifically *Saxifraga stolonifera* contextually often referred to as Tiankui in local formulas, though WHO standardizes Ophiopogon, here likely referring to the specific herb used for clearing heat/dampness in this context, often *Saxifraga* or similar local name, sticking to literal translation of the name provided: Purple-backed Heavenly Kwei Grass). Decoct in 2 jin of good liquor over ash fire until reduced to 50%. Drink one to two cups morning and evening. Cured in two doses. Avoid certain foods.
[Water Hernia] *Atractylodes Rhizome* (Cangzhu) (8 liang, soaked overnight in rice wash water, dried; stir-fried with 8 liang fresh ginger and 4 liang green onion white, then discard ginger and onion). *Fennel Fruit* (Huixiang) (8 liang, soaked in 4 liang fresh ginger juice for one to two nights, then stir-fried dry with salt). *Evodia Fruit* (Wuzhuyu) (2 liang, rinsed with hot water 3-5 times and dried). Powder them together. Mix with green onion paste to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 50 pills on an empty stomach with warm liquor. For Damp Hernia causing testicular pain, stir-fry *Mugwort Leaf* (Aiye), *Perilla Leaf* (Zisuye), and *Sichuan Pepper* (Chuanjiao) until hot. Mix well, place in a silk bag, and apply to the scrotum while hot. Do not let heat escape. Replace when cool.
[Blood Hernia with Unilateral Swelling and Pain] Decoct *Sappan Wood* (Sumu) in liquor and drink. Decoct *Paper Mulberry Leaf* (Chushuye) or *Chestnut Leaf* (Lishuye) in liquor and drink. Both are effective. Red-hot iron scale weight quenched in liquor and drunk is also effective. Burn rooster wing feathers (left side for left lesion, right side for right lesion) to ash, mix with liquor, and take.
[Unilateral Scrotal Swelling] Make a hole in the tip of one egg. Insert 3 qian of *Realgar* (Liuhuang - note: Liuhuang is Sulfur, Realgar is Xionghuang, text says Liuhuang) powder. Roast until carbonized, powder finely, and take with plain water. Burn 3 qian of *Luffa Leaf* (Siguye) to preserve its property, and 2 qian of chicken eggshell ash. Mix with warm liquor and take. For left-sided lesions, locate the *Sanyanjiao* (ST36) acupoint, four finger-widths above the medial mound of the great toe. Moxibustion for seven cones relieves pain miraculously and cures the root.
[Primary Heart Hernia] Use goat blood that did not touch the ground. Wrap in lotus leaf and dry in the shade in a ventilated place, avoiding rain. For this syndrome, take 3-5 qian mixed with hot liquor. (Non-drinkers can use plain water. Treats all hernias.)
[Dan Hernia] *Arisaema Rhizome* (Nanxing) (rinsed with water), *Hawthorn Fruit* (Shanzha) and *Atractylodes Rhizome* (Cangzhu) (2 liang each), *Angelica Dahurica Root* (Baizhi), *Pinellia Tuber* (Banxia) (processed), *Immature Bitter Orange* (Zhishi), *Medicated Leaven* (Shenqu) (1 liang each), *Sargassum* (Haizao), *Kelp* (Kunbu) (5 qian each), *Mirabilite* (Xuanmingfen), *Evodia Fruit* (Wuzhuyu) (rinsed 3 times, 2 qian each). Powder them. Form pills with wine paste. Take with salt water, 30-50 pills per dose.
[Wood Hernia] Also known as "Wood Kidney." When Heart Fire descends, Kidney Water is warmed; when True Yang descends, Kidney Qi is harmonious. There is no "Wood Excess" when warm and harmonious. Wood excess injures the Kidney. Therefore, do not use purely drying herbs. Use mild, dispersing, and draining methods to expel pathogens. As pathogens recede and Ying-Wei circulation restores, health returns. Must take *Lycium Fruit Pill* (Gouqizi Wan). Ingredients: *Lycium Fruit* (Gouqizi), *Kelp* (Kunbu), *Evodia Fruit* (Wuzhuyu) (rinsed 2-3 times, 4 liang each), *Arisaema Rhizome* (Nanxing) (rinsed 7 times), *Pinellia Tuber* (Banxia) (processed), *Angelica Dahurica Root* (Baizhi), *Hawthorn Fruit* (Shanzha) (pitted), *Medicated Leaven* (Shenqu) (stir-fried, 2 liang each), *Talcum* (Huashi) (stir-fried), *Atractylodes Rhizome* (Cangzhu) (salt-stir-fried), *Tangerine Seed* (Juhe).
[All Hernias with Unbearable Pain on Recurrence] *Lychee Seed* (Lizhihe) (crisp-roasted and powdered). Take on an empty stomach with plain water. Or add *Green Tangerine Peel* (Qingpi), *Gardenia Fruit* (Shanzhi), *Hawthorn Fruit* (Shanzha), and *Evodia Fruit* (Wuzhuyu) in equal parts. Roast and powder. Take mixed with plain water. Roast *Star Anise* and *Lychee Seed* until black, grind equally. Take 1 qian mixed with warm liquor. If accompanied by swelling and pain, crush *Eclipta Herb* (Hanliancao) to extract one cup of juice, mix with half a cup of liquor, heat, and drink at once. Effective for all ages and chronic cases because Eclipta promotes blood circulation and treats blood disorders.
[Hernia with Scrotal Edema] Apply frog skin from fields. Moxibustion on *Dadun* (LR1) acupoint (at the junction of the nail and flesh of the big toe). Moxibustion for three cones cures immediately.
[Treatment for Various Hernias] Eggplant stems. Slice and dry in midsummer. Do not use after autumn equinox. Steam well, mix with liquor, and drink for self-healing. For Heart Hernia, add *Amomum Fruit* (Sharen). Recurrence...
[Initial Unilateral Scrotal Swelling] *Fennel Fruit* (Xiaohuixiang) (1 liang, salt-water stir-fried) and *Pangolin Scales* (Chuanshanjia) (processed, 5 qian). Powder them. Take 2 qian mixed with liquor. ... Nine eggs. Simmer in 2 jin of rice vinegar until dry. Remove shells. Eat three per meal with good liquor. Chronic cases cured in two courses.
[Wood Hernia with Unpredictable Unilateral Swelling and Continuous Pain] *Oyster Shell* (Muli) (any amount). Coat with salt mud. Calcine with 3 jin of charcoal until fire extinguishes. Cool and retrieve. Take 2 liang, mix with 1 liang of *Dried Ginger* (Ganjiang) powder. Grind uniformly. Mix with cold water and apply to the affected area. Cured when urination increases significantly. Internally, take *Corydalis Rhizome* (Yanhusuo) (1 liang, salt-water stir-fried) and *Scorpion* (Quanxie) (5 qian). Powder them. Take 2 qian mixed with salt water.
[Parorchitis] Lower abdominal pain radiating to the testicles, mostly cold with little heat, preferring hot drinks, indicates Hernia. If the scrotum is red, swollen, hot, with dark/scanty urination, internal heat, dry mouth, heaviness, and pain, it is Parorchitis. Do not use heating herbs typical for hernia. Use *Clear Liver and Drain Dampness Decoction* (Qinggan Shenshi Tang). *Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome* (Chuanxiong), *Gentiana Root* (Longdancao), *Trichosanthes Root* (Tianhuafen), *Angelica Sinensis Root* (Danggui), *Rehmannia Root* (Shengdi), *Bupleurum Root* (Chaihu), *Gardenia Fruit* (Shanzhi), *Scutellaria Root* (Huangqin) (1 qian each), *Alisma Rhizome* (Zexie), *Akebia Stem* (Mutong), *Licorice Root* (Gancao) (5 fen each). Decoct with *Juncus Effusus* (Dengxincao) in water. Take before meals. After ulceration, apply powder: *Clam Shell* (Bangqiao - calcined), *Coptis Rhizome* (Huanglian) (stir-fried), *Indigo Naturalis* (Qingdai) in equal parts. Grind extremely fine and apply.
[Yin Swelling and Testicular Pain Large as a Sheng] Crush *Verbenae Herba* (Mabiancao) juice and apply. Earthworm feces from leek fields, mixed with strong decoction of raw *Licorice Root* (Gancao), apply.
[Yin Scrotum Ulcerated Leaving Only Two Testicles] *Impatiens Seeds* (Fengxianhua Zi) and *Licorice Root* (Gancao) in equal parts. Powder and mix with sesame oil to apply. Flesh regenerates. (Parorchitis is caused by yin deficiency and damp-heat flowing into the scrotum, forming swelling. Even if ulcerated with hanging testicles, it does not harm life as toxins exit externally. Treatment should tonify yin and clear/drain damp-heat. Success rate is high.) *Old Cedar Wood* (Laoshanmu) (ash preserved property) and *Perilla Leaf* (Zisuye) (dried by baking) in equal parts. Powder and apply. Wrap with Perilla leaf.
[Testicle Swollen Like Crystal with Damp Sweat] 2 sheng of *Caulis Fictolachne* (Zaoxintu/Heart of Chimney Soil). Crush and stir-fry hot in a clay pot. Add *Sichuan Pepper* (Chuanjiao) and *Fennel Fruit* (Xiaohuixiang). Place scrotum over the hot soil while warm. Reheat when cool. Cured in three times. Internally, take *Coix Seed* (Yiyiren) (stir-fried with earth from east wall until dry, remove earth). Decoct in water and drink with juice. (Eat more...)
[Kidney Scrotal Wind and Testicular Swelling] Boil eggs, remove whites, keep yolks. Stir-fry until oil emerges. Mix with ash from old cedar wood (preserved property). Apply oil.
[Scrotal Itch] For dryness, use oil from walnuts to moisten. For dampness, decoct *Acanthopanacis Cortex* (Wujiapi), *Senecio scandens* (Qianliguang), *Alum* (Mingfan), *Ajania chinensis* (Lijinu), and *Ligusticum Wallichii* (Gaoben). Wash with decoction. Pigsty grass (grass present when piglets are born), decoct and wash. Dust with powder from old wall earth to cure. Severe itching of scrotum, penis, and anus: Burn old gourd to ash (preserve property). Rub and sprinkle on affected area for immediate cure.