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In the human eye, the tear ducts are associated with the Liver (Gan), the white of the eye (Bai Jing) is associated with the Lung (Fei), the red vessels (Chi Mai) are associated with the Heart (Xin), the four canthi (Si Zi, corners of the eyes) are associated with the Spleen (Pi), and the pupil (Tong Ren) is associated with the Kidney (Shen). Generally, the eyes are interconnected and affiliated with all five Zang organs and six Fu organs. If wind-heat toxic qi attacks and combats the Zang and Fu organs, causing stagnation in the meridians and collaterals, it will result in various eye diseases. The symptoms vary, and one must carefully examine the origin of the disease.

Wei Shi's *De Xiao Fang* states: This refers to the internal black water (referring to the pupil and internal structures) being affected, with deep-seated turbidity, a沉 (deep/heavy) blue-green color penetrating inward, accompanied by relentless pain. It is likely that all five Zang organs have been invaded by wind-heat.

It also says: Wind striking the eyes (Chong Mu).

Jueming Wan (Decoction from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Treats heat-toxin in the Liver and Lung, and blurred vision caused by wind.
Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, lightly stir-fried) Ruren (Prunus Persica Kernel, peeled and ground) Fushen (Poria Cocos with Hostwood, wood removed) Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed and dried) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, whiskers removed, 1 liang) Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, dried) Longdancao (Gentianae Radix) Shashen (Adenophorae Radix or Glehniae Radix) Ziwan (Asteris Radix, seedlings and soil removed, each 3 qian) Baihe (Lilii Bulbus, 0.5 liang). The above ingredients are powdered and formed into pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30 pills per dose.

Chanhua San (Powder from *Zhizhi Fang*)
Treats wind-eye and heat-eye, characterized by blurriness, dryness, swelling, pain, and gradual formation of corneal opacities (Yi Mo).
Chanqiao (Cicada Slough, washed and dried) Gancao (Licorice Root) Ganju (Chrysanthemi Flos) Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) Shanzhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, aril removed) Bajieli (Tribuli Fructus, stir-fried and thorns removed) Caojueming (Abutili Semen, stir-fried) Jingjiesui (Schizonepetae Spica) Manjingzi (Viticis Fructus) Gujingcao (Eriocauli Flos, washed and dried) Mimenghua (Glochidionis Flos) Muzei (Equiseti Herba, nodes removed, washed and dried in child's urine) Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, soaked in rice wash water and dried, equal parts). The above ingredients... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Qingjin San (Powder from *Yuyao Yuan Fang*)
Treats wind-heat, clears the brain and brightens the eyes.
Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum) Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, each 1 qian) Boheyie (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) Penxiao (Natrii Sulfas, each 2 qian) Xuxiang (Olibanum, 1 zi). The above ingredients are finely powdered. Use half a zi amount, insufflated into the nose.

Moding Qinglian Gao (Ointment from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Treats wind-toxin from the five Zang organs attacking upward, causing eye obstructions and opacities; also promotes hair growth.
Shengmayou (Sesame Oil, 2 sheng) Su (Butyrum) Zengqing (Malachite, ground, each 1 liang) Daqing (Isatidis Folium) Zhiziye (Gardeniae Folium) Changlishi (Talcum Group mineral) Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas) Wulan (Isatidis Radix, each 1 liang)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Baizhu Juhua San (Powder)
Treats wind-heat eye conditions.
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 1 jin, soaked in rice wash water overnight, peeled, sliced, and dried) Jingjiesui (Schizonepetae Spica, 4 liang) Weilingxian (Pedalanii Caulis, earth removed, 2 liang) Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos, dried, 0.5 liang) Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, leaves removed) Xianlingpi (Epimedii Folium)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Fangfeng Wan (Pill)
Treats wind-heat in the five Zang organs, where toxic qi attacks the eyes. Symptoms may include redness, dryness, blurriness, pain, and unclear visual obstructions.
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, skin removed) Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen) Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) Fushen (Poria Cocos with Hostwood, wood removed) Digupi (Lycii Cortex) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium, pith and bran removed, stir-fried) Longchi (Dentalia Ossis) Ganju (Chrysanthemi Flos)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, but taken with warm grain water].

Formula for Liver Meridian Eye Conditions
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba, each 2 qian) Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 2.5 qian) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1 qian) Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Formula for Lung Meridian Eye Conditions
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2.5 qian) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 4 qian) Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex) Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, each 3 qian) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen) Xuanjinhua (Inulae Flos, each 2 qian)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Formula for Heart Meridian Eye Conditions
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus, each 4 qian) Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, each 2 qian) Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, 3.5 qian) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1 qian) Dangguiwei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix tail)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Formula for Spleen Meridian Eye Conditions
Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 3.5 qian) Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix) Jingjiesui (Schizonepetae Spica, each 2 liang) Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Gange (Puerariae Radix) Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) Gancao (Licorice Root, each 2.5 qian). The above ingredients are cut into coarse pieces for decoction... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Xijiao Tang (Decoction)
Treats heat-toxin stagnation in the five Zang organs due to wind-heat, causing dry, sore, red eyes.
Shanzhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, 3 fen) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 1 liang) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium, pith and bran removed, stir-fried, 0.5 liang) Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, cut) Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, boiled until reduced].

Ximengzi Wan (Pill)
Treats wind-heat in the Liver and Heart, causing blurred and red vision.
Ximengzi (Speranskiae Tuberculatae Semen, 1.5 liang) Tugan (Leporis Hepatis, one piece, finely cut and roasted) Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, leaves removed) Manjingzi (Viticis Fructus) Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, shaved) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, taken after meals with grain water].

Digupi Tang (Decoction)
Treats wind-heat in the Heart and Lung, causing dry, sore, and itchy eyes.
Digupi (Lycii Cortex, 1.5 liang) Ganjuhua (Chrysanthemi Flos) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, whiskers removed) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, twigs removed) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, cut) Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) Gancao (Licorice Root). Take warm.

Qianhu Tang (Decoction)
Treats deficiency of Qi in the five Zang organs, allowing wind-heat to invade; toxic qi attacks upward, causing red and painful eyes.
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, twigs removed) Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, lightly stir-fried) Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, whiskers removed) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis) Fushen (Poria Cocos with Hostwood, wood removed) Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Digupi (Lycii Cortex)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, boiled to 7/10 volume].

Cheqianzi Tang (Decoction)
Treats Liver heat, causing dry, blurry, and painful eyes.
Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, lightly stir-fried) Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, whiskers removed) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, twigs removed) Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos) Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-roasted, each 1.5 liang) Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Qinjiao Tang (Decoction)
Treats phlegm-Qi stagnation in the Heart and Diaphragm causing irritability, alternating chills and fever, headache, and red, painful, dim eyes.
Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, seedlings and soil removed) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium, pith and bran removed, stir-fried) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, seedlings removed) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, dried) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, dried) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, each 1 liang)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Renshen Tang (Decoction)
Treats wind-heat in the Heart and Lung, causing dry, red, and painful eyes.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Chongweizi (Leonuri Fructus) Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, seedlings and leaves removed) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, twigs removed) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, stir-fried, each 1 liang)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, taken before bed].

Xijiao Yin (Drink/Decoction)
Treats wind-heat in the five Zang organs, red eyes, and yellow opacities forming on the black cornea, causing hidden dryness and pain. Also treats heat-toxin in the Spleen and Stomach causing eye obstructions.
Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved) Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) Lugeng (Phragmitis Rhizoma) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, cut and stir-fried, each 1.5 liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-roasted, 1 liang) Zhuye (Bambusae Folium, 50 leaves) Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, with added Mingxiao powder].

Longdancao Yin (Drink/Decoction)
Treats wind-heat eye conditions.
Longdancao (Gentianae Radix) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, each 1 liang) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) Chushizi (Torreya Seed) Chanui (Cicada Slough, 3 qian) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, honey-roasted, 2.5 qian)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Binglang Tang (Decoction)
Treats Liver wind-heat, causing red, dry, and gritty painful eyes that are difficult to open.
Binglang (Arecae Semen, ten pieces, cut and dried) Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Skin, black skin removed) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried) Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, each 1 liang) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, taken on an empty stomach].

Fangfeng Tang (Decoction)
Treats wind-dampness in the Liver and Kidneys that has accumulated in the eyes without effect; dry, sore eyes.
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, twigs removed) Baixianpi (Dictamni Cortex) Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, rhizome removed) Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked and white pith removed, each 1 liang) Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 1.5 liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, cut and honey-roasted)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, taken warm before bed].

Lingyangjiao Tang (Decoction)
Treats heat-toxin in the Liver and Lung attacking the eyes, causing swelling of the white of the eye.
Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, shaved) Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, cut) Xuanjinhua (Inulae Flos) Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) Fushen (Poria Cocos with Hostwood, each 1 liang). The above ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Daochi San (Powder from *Yifang Dacheng*)
Treats accumulated heat in the Heart attacking the eyes, causing eyelid swelling, blood-injected white of the eye, photophobia, and tearing.
Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus, stir-fried) Yuzi (Ulmus Seed) Huaizi (Stemonae Semen, stir-fried) Shenggan Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, dried) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, equal parts). The above ingredients are finely powdered. Take 2 qian per dose. After meals.

Siwei Tang (Decoction from *Haishang Fang*)
Treats Heart heat, causing blurry vision.
Moyao (Myrrha) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) Gancao (Licorice Root, each 0.5 liang). The above ingredients are chopped. Take 3 qian per dose. With one cup of water, boil down to 0.5 cup. After meals, before bed.

Huashi Tang (Decoction from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Treats latent heat in the Heart meridian, causing dry, sore eyes, restlessness, and dry mouth.
Huashi (Talcum) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, whiskers removed) Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, shaved) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, aril removed, each 1 liang). The above ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 5 qian bi per dose.

Lugen Tang (Decoction from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Treats Spleen and Lung heat steaming the eyes, causing redness, itching, and internal opacities.
Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma, cut) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, each 1.5 liang) Shanzhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, aril removed) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, stir-fried) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed) Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-roasted). The above ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted.

Lingyangjiao Tang (Decoction from *Shengji Zonglu*)
Treats excess heat in the Liver and Lung causing white opacities in the eyes.
Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, shaved) Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, cut, each 1.5 liang) Ganjuhua (Chrysanthemi Flos) Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, cut, each 1 liang). The above ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Another Formula (from *Ben Shi Fang*)
Treats wind-heat eye conditions due to excessive heat-toxin in the five Zang organs attacking both eyes, causing redness, swelling, pain, possible opacities, photophobia, and tearing in wind.
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 4 liang) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, each 1 liang) Longdancao (Gentianae Radix, 1 liang) Shetui (Boa Constrictor Skin, one strip). The above ingredients are powdered. Take 0.5 liang per dose... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Another Formula (from *Ben Shi Fang*)
Bajieli (Tribuli Fructus) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, each 1 liang) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, 1.5 liang) Ganjuhua (Chrysanthemi Flos, 2 liang). The above ingredients are finely powdered. Take 2 qian per dose. Add a little salt.

Xijiao Yin (Drink/Decoction)
Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, 2 liang) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 0.5 liang) Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, 1 liang) Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed) Baifu Zi (Bai Fuzi, prepared, skin and tip removed, each 1 liang)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Qingliang San (Powder from *Wei Shi Fang*)
Manjingzi (Viticis Fructus) Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba) Ku Zhuye (Bambusae Folium) Gancao (Licorice Root, each 0.5 liang) Shanzhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, 1 fen, peeled). The above ingredients are cut into coarse pieces. Take 3 qian per dose. With one cup of water.

Mengling Wan (Pill from *Weisheng Jiabao Fang*)
Treats accumulated heat in the five Zang organs, causing blurry vision and inability to see objects.
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, coarse whiskers removed) Shijueming (Concha Arcae, cleaned and scraped, each 1 liang) Ruren (Prunus Persica Kernel, peeled and ground, 0.5 liang) Yang Zi Gan (Sheep Liver, seven pieces, skin and membrane removed, sliced and dried)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Sixteen Sheng San (Also known as Zhu Gan San, from *Long Mu Lun*)
Treats Kidney wind attacking the eyes.
Shayuan Jili (Astragali Complanati Semen) Huangbo (Phellodendri Cortex, cut) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, rhizome removed) Baifu Zi (Bai Fuzi, use Hei Fuzi if sores on feet, equal parts). The above ingredients are pounded into powder. Each dose... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Treating inability to open the eyes, or photophobia. This is caused by wind-heat constriction. (From *Wei Shi Fang*)
Take Wan An San, add Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Zi Su Ye (Perillae Folium), and three green onion stalks with roots. Decoct and take. If the Zang-Fu are tight and constricted, add Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and decoct. If... [Text incomplete regarding other variations].

Qingjin San (Also known as Qinghao San, from *Shi Bian Liang Fang*)
Treats accumulated heat in the five Zang organs, causing dryness and difficulty opening the eyes.
Use Qinghao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba). Harvest on the third day of the third lunar month, shade-dry, pound and sieve into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, mixed well water. Another formula: harvest on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Huangqin San (Powder from *Weisheng Jiabao Fang*)
Treats children's eye obstructions and halos due to Liver heat and inability to see.
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang) Danshichi (Fermented Soybean, 3 liang, ground). The above ingredients are powdered. Take 3 qian per dose. Wrap the medicine in cooked pork liver and eat together, washed down with warm water. No specific time restrictions.

Qingxiangzi San (Powder from *Xuanqi Fang*)
Treats wind-heat in the Liver and Gallbladder attacking the eyes. Initially causes dimness, later weakness in prolonged vision. Take this formula to clear the Water Wheel (pupil).
Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen, 1 liang, slightly cold, non-toxic, treats Liver heat-toxin, red eyes, opacities, leukoma, and blindness) Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix, 1 liang, bitter) Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, sweet, warm, no soul/spirit description)... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method, lists some ingredients and their properties].

Treating Liver heat-toxin attacking upward, causing red, swollen, and unbearably painful eyes. (From *Huming Fang*)
Manjingzi (Viticis Fructus) Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos) Jingjiesui (Schizonepetae Spica) Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) Bajieli (Tribuli Fructus, thorns removed) Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus, stir-fried) Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus, each 1.5 liang). The above ingredients are pounded... [Text incomplete regarding preparation method].

Tonifies the five Zang organs and brightens the eyes. (From *Ben Cao*)
Take with Mulberry Fruit Wine.

Benefits the five Zang organs, brightens ears and eyes, removes heat, and makes one light and vigorous. (From *Ben Cao*)
Eat Forsythia (Lianqiao). Long-term consumption is beneficial.

Removes evil Qi from the Liver, stabilizes the Middle, benefits the five Zang organs, and improves vision.
Make soup or porridge with Scallion Leaves, or fry as a relish. Good.