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(Attached Discussion)
The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) states: The waist is the mansion of the Kidney. If turning and shaking the body becomes difficult, it indicates that the Kidney Qi is about to fail. The knee is the mansion of the tendons. If flexion and extension become difficult, and walking requires bending forward, it indicates that the tendon Qi is about to fail.

Formulas

**Tanang Qi Wan (Tanang Placenta Pill)**
Treats deficiency-cold of the primal organ. Weakness and pain in the waist and knees. Moisturizes the skin. Enhances complexion luster. Promotes appetite.
Ingredients: Tanang Qi (soaked in wine and stir-fried), Deer Antler without Horn (de-haired and roasted with butter), Cistanche (soaked in wine, sliced, and baked), Achyranthes Root (soaked in wine, sliced, and baked), Ginseng, Costus Root, Angelica Pubescens, Schisandra Berry (each 1 liang), Chebulae Fructus (Chengqie), Clove (1.5 liang), Cinnabar (10 pills to 3 pills).

**Shihu Wan (Dendrobium Pill)** (From *Shenghui Fang*)
Treats long-term deficiency of the Liver and Kidney. Stiffness in the waist and knees. Emaciation and haggard appearance of the skin. Gradual development of consumptive disease. Taking this pill strengthens bones and tendons. Enhances facial radiance.
Ingredients: Dendrobium (roots removed), Achyranthes Root (soaked in wine, sliced, and baked), Cornus Fruit, Dipsacus Root, Agarwood (crushed), Cistanche (soaked in wine overnight, sliced, and baked), Gypsum Fibrosum powder (pounded separately for three days, then sun-dried), [missing ingredient] bark), Psoralea Fruit (taken with salt water).

**Mu Gua Jian Wan (Papaya Decoction Pill)**
Treats deficiency and damage of the Liver and Kidney. Weakness and pain in the waist and knees. As well as leukorrhea (red and white discharge) due to deficiency-cold in women. Strengthens bones and tendons.
Ingredients: Papaya (three from Xuanzhou, top cut off, pulp removed to form a container, filled with Cinnabar powder, steamed until soft in a new jar, and ground), Chrysanthemum (steamed), Ground Bark (Digupi), Drynaria Rhizome, Achyranthes Root (soaked in wine, sliced, and baked), Evodia Fruit (soaked in hot water, baked, and stir-fried, each 3 liang), Black Pepper, Long Pepper (each 1 liang). Grind into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills.

**Beili Wan (Strength-Enhancing Pill)** (From *Shenghui Fang*)
Treats deficiency and damage of Yuan Qi. Pain in the waist, knees, bones, and tendons.
Ingredients: Psoralea Fruit (2 liang, stir-fried), Cassia Twig Heart (Guixin, 2 liang), Amomum Fruit (1 liang, peeled), Aconite Root (2 liang, processed, cracked, peel and navel removed), Costus Root (2 liang). An (text possibly missing/erroneous). Dao (text possibly missing/erroneous). San (text possibly missing/erroneous).

**Bixie Wan**
Treats deficiency and damage of the primal organ. Dampness pouring down to the waist and feet. Difficulty in walking. Weakness in the shins and knees.
Ingredients: Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome (Bixie, 6 liang), Eucommia Bark (peeled and roasted, 2.5 liang), Achyranthes Root (soaked in wine for three days, sliced, and baked), Dipsacus Root, Papaya (baked, 3 liang), Cinnamon (peel removed). Tang xia yi (text possibly missing/erroneous).

**Suanzaoren San (Ziziphus Seed Powder)**
Treats extreme bone deficiency and Kidney deficiency. Pain in the bone marrow of the feet and knees. Suitable for taking tonifying remedies.
Ingredients: Ziziphus Seed (8 liang, lightly stir-fried), Tiger Tibia Bone (8 liang, coated with butter and roasted until yellow), Dry Rehmannia Root (8 liang), Eucommia Bark (2 liang, coarse bark removed, stir-fried until yellow). Gui (text possibly missing/erroneous). Wuye (text possibly missing/erroneous). Each one dose.

**Niuxi Mu Gua Wan (Achyranthes and Papaya Pill)**
Tonifies and strengthens bones and tendons. Preserves youthfulness and regulates the waist and knees.
Ingredients: Achyranthes Root (2 liang, soaked in wine overnight, sliced, and baked), Costus Root (each 1 liang), Morinda Root (heart removed, stir-fried), Fennel Seed (stir-fried), Papaya (top and pulp removed, one piece). Mei fu (text possibly missing/erroneous).

**Huixiangzi Wan (Fennel Seed Pill)** (From *Shenghui Fang*)
Treats deficiency-cold of the lower yuan. Waist and knee pain. Muscle emaciation. Gradual worsening of weakness.
Ingredients: Fennel Seed (1 liang), Cassia Twig Heart (1 liang), Morinda Root (1 liang), Aconite Root (1 liang, processed, cracked, peel and navel removed), Psoralea Fruit (1 liang, lightly stir-fried). Gan (text possibly missing/erroneous). Geng (text possibly missing/erroneous).

**Baji Wan (Morinda Pill)**
Tonifies deficiency-cold. Strengthens the waist and legs. Clarifies the ears and eyes. Warms the lower yuan.
Ingredients: Morinda Root (heart removed), Notopterygium Root, Angelica Pubescens (rhizome removed), Fennel Seed (stir-fried), Ginseng, Poria (peel removed), Aurantium Peel (white part removed, bran-roasted). Pao qi ci bei (text possibly missing/erroneous). Nong (text possibly missing/erroneous). Hemp Cistanche Peel (white part removed). Bupleurum (processed and crushed, each 1 liang). Grind into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 30 pills daily on an empty stomach with warm wine and salt water.

**Lurong Wan (Deer Antler Pill, also known as Shihu Wan)**
Treats Kidney deficiency. Weakness in the feet and waist. Stiffness in the waist and back. Bitter taste in the mouth and dry tongue. Tonifies.
Ingredients: Deer Antler without Horn (de-haired and roasted with butter), Alisma Rhizome, Dendrobium (roots removed, crushed, each 1 liang), Aconite Root (processed, peel and navel removed), Prepared Rehmannia Root (baked, each 2 liang). Mudan (text possibly missing/erroneous). Weizi (Schisandra Berry, each 1 liang). Zhi (text possibly missing/erroneous, likely Psoralea or similar), stir-fried each 2 liang). Grind into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills. Pound 300-500 times. Make pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, on an empty stomach before evening meal.

**Anshixiang Wan (Ambrosia Resin Pill)** (From *Shenghui Fang*)
Treats the waist and knees. Warms the lower yuan.
Ingredients: Ambrosia Resin (Anshixiang, 5 liang, select bright yellow pieces, crush finely, mix with 10 liang honey, boil into a paste), Achyranthes Root (remove sprouts, 3 liang), Deer Antler without Horn (1 liang, de-haired, coated with butter, roasted until yellow). Gui (text possibly missing/erroneous). Size of tung tree seeds. Take 30 pills on an empty stomach with warm wine.

**Chenxiang Wan (Agarwood Pill)**
Treats cold qi in the lower organs. Weakness in the waist and knees.
Ingredients: Agarwood (crushed, 1 liang), Angelica Dahurica (1 liang), Lindera Root (crushed, 4 liang), Clove, Fennel Seed (stir-fried, each half liang). Grind into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills.

**Wuzhuyu Wan (Evodia Fruit Pill)** (From Wang Shi's *Boji Fang*)
Treats weakness in the waist and knees. Difficulty in walking. Deficiency exhaustion with cold accumulation. Yellowish face and swelling. Irregular appetite.
Ingredients: Evodia Fruit (soaked in hot water, baked, and stir-fried), Tangerine Peel (Qingpi, white part removed, baked), Dried Ginger (processed, equal parts). Grind into powder. Form into a mass using non-ashy wine. Use separate non-ashy wine to add gradually. Ten pills (text implies dosage adjustment).

**Dihuang San (Rehmannia Powder)**
Treats the waist and knees. Tonifies the lower yuan. Strengthens bones and tendons.
Ingredients: Raw Rehmannia Root (5 jin), Five-Axis Tree Bark (Wujia Pi, 5 liang), Achyranthes Root (remove sprouts, half jin). Crush finely. Soak Rehmannia in wine overnight. Then nine steamings (text incomplete).

**Dixian Jian (Immortal Earth Decoction)**
Treats pain in the waist and knees. And all cold diseases in the abdomen. Makes the complexion radiant. Solidifies the bone marrow. Enables running like a galloping horse.
Ingredients: Yam Powder (Shanyu, 1 jin), Apricot Kernel (soaked, peel and tip removed, double-kernel, 1 sheng), Raw Cow's Milk (1 jin). First grind apricot kernels extremely fine. Add raw cow's milk. Squeeze out (text incomplete). Use warm (text incomplete).

**Tianxiong Wan (Heavenly Male Pill)** (From *Shenghui Fang*)
Tonifies the Water Organ (Kidney). Strengthens the waist and knees. Expels wind-cold. Warms the lower yuan.
Ingredients: Tianxiong (1 liang, processed), Deer Horn Scraps (1 liang, mixed with butter and roasted until evenly yellow), Sulfur (1 liang, finely ground and washed with water). Grind into powder. Mix with sulfur until uniform.

**Tusizi Wan (Cuscuta Seed Pill, also known as Er Miao Pill from *Shibian Liangfang*)**
Treats accumulated cold pain in the waist and knees. Or numbness and weakness. Strengthens the True Yuan.
Ingredients: Cuscuta Seed (2 liang), Achyranthes Root (cut into inch-length pieces, 1 liang). Place in a silver or earthenware vessel. Soak in good wine so that the wine covers the herbs by one cun. After five days. Kong (text possibly missing/erroneous).

**Heshouwu Wan (Polygonum Multiflorum Pill)**
Treats the feet and knees. Strengthens bones and tendons. Darkens beard and hair. Regulates wind-deficiency. Enhances complexion. Tonifies.

**Sibei Wan (Four-Fold Pill)**
Tonifies. Strengthens the waist and legs.
Ingredients: Sichuan Pepper (remove eyes and closed ones, stir-fry until sweat appears, 1 liang), Cuscuta Seed (soaked in wine for three days, pounded separately, 2 liang), Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome (Bixie, soaked in wine for three days, pounded separately, 4 liang). Niu (text possibly missing/erroneous). Zao (text possibly missing/erroneous).

**Xiangrong Wan (Fragrant Antler Pill)**
Treats depletion of essence and blood. Decline of Yang Qi. Regulates Ying (Nutritive Qi). Harmonizes the waist and legs.
Ingredients: Deer Antler without Horn, Musk, Agarwood, Cornus Fruit. Grind equal parts into powder. Mix with Musk until uniform. Mix with refined honey to make pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take on an empty stomach.

**Duzhong Wan (Eucommia Bark Pill, also known as Qing'e Pill)**
Tonifies the lower yuan. Darkens beard. Strengthens feet and knees. Promotes appetite and enhances complexion. Treats waist pain.

**Yangshen Wan (Sheep Kidney Pill)**
Treats deficiency-cold of the Lower Jiao. Weakness in the feet and knees. Debility. Also provides tonification.
Usage: Take one sheep kidney. Cook thoroughly and mix with refined honey. Mix with half a large tael of milk powder. Eat on an empty stomach.

**Lujiao Wan (Deer Horn Pill)** (From Wang Shi's *Boji Fang*)
Treats wind-cold and provides warmth. Strengthens the waist and knees. Clarifies the ears and eyes. Preserves youthful appearance.
Usage: Use boiled horn one jin (use Elk Horn or Deer Horn; must be from a killed animal, not self-dead; each pair must weigh over ten jin; remove brain; cut into inch-long pieces... Salt four... Horn soft... Fu two stir-fried). Psoralea Fruit (Poguozhi, 1 liang, clean wash to remove floating impurities, stir-fried), White Silkworm (1 liang, stir-fried), Official Cinnamon (Guan Gui, 1 liang, peeled), Gastrodia Tuber (1 liang). These eight ingredients. Grind together into powder. Mix with one jin of horn frost. Add two taels of green salt. Grind until uniform. Use one and a half jin of white honey and one jin of horn paste. Boil until smooth. When honey is ripe, mix to form pills. Pound again in a mortar 2000 times. Coat the mortar with half a tael of real butter. Wait for it to cook. Roll into pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 50 pills on an empty stomach with warm wine. Take another dose at noon.

**Wutou Jian Wan (Aconite Decoction Pill)** (From Wang Shi's *Boji Fang*)
Tonifies deficiency-cold of the primal organ. Weakness in the waist and knees. Difficulty in walking. Poor appetite. Stiffness, spasm, and pain in bones and tendons. Preserves youth.
Ingredients: Sichuan Aconite Root (Chuan Wutou, 1 jin, boil with soybeans for two fushi periods, slice with a bamboo knife, dry, remove soybeans, pound into powder, mix with 4 liang of green salt dissolved in water to form a paste... Hemp... Ji (Morinda, 2 liang, stir-fried... Another prescription does not use Costus Root or Notopterygium. Instead adds Imported Fennel, Stir-fried Areca Nut, each 1 liang. Licorice Half liang. Still adds Tung Bark, Achyranthes Root... Sha (Cinnabar?) Pill (From Wang Shi's *Boji Fang*) Tonifies deficiency-cold of the primal organ. Weakness in feet and knees. Sores and swelling. Strengthens bones and tendons. Promotes eating.
Ingredients: Sha (Cinnabar?, 1 he, remove stones, mix with 1 he good wine, soak, filter residue, boil)... Large Aconite (Ban fen, stir-fried), Achyranthes Root (half liang), Dried Ginger (2 fen, processed), Chinaberry (1 fen, stir-fried). Make pills like... Half liang.

**Shenxian Fang (Immortal Formula)** (From *Bencao*)
Treats the waist and knees, expelling wind. Long-term use extends life.
Usage: Take one dou of Cuscuta Seeds. One dou of wine. Soak for a long time. Strain and sun-dry, then soak again. Continue until the wine is fully absorbed. Take two qian per dose with warm wine. Twice a day... Governs all wind-deficiency. Regulates the waist and legs. Lightens the body. Turns white and prevents aging. (From *Bencao*)
Usage: Soak "Fangzhang Wood" in wine and drink. Elderly people who take it can throw away their cane in one month. Hence the name.

**Bu Yaojiao Ling Jian (Tonify Waist and Legs to Make Strong)** (From *Bencao*)
Usage: Take Privet Bark. Soak in wine and drink.

**Bu Xu Qiangjiao Yi Shen (Tonify Deficiency, Strengthen Legs, Benefit Kidney)** (From *Bencao*)
Usage: Eat Discorea Bulbils (Lingyu Zi).

**Hugu Jiu (Tiger Bone Wine)**
Nourishes the Liver and Kidney. Smooths Blood and Qi. Tonifies deficiency and expels pathogens. Treats wind-bi in the waist and knees. Numbness of the skin. Or downward pouring. Difficulty in walking. Long-term use...
Ingredients: Tiger Tibia Bone (1 liang, roasted with butter), Huang (likely Astragalus, text incomplete), Platycodon Root (stir-fried), Ziziphus Seed (stir-fried), Spirit of Poria (Fushen, wood removed), Notopterygium Root (rhizome removed), Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome... Su qie bei (text possibly missing/erroneous). Fu (remove forks). Autumn and Winter... Qian.

**Bixie Wan (Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome Pill)**
Treats wind-cold. Strengthens the waist and knees. Warms the zang-fu. Benefits Blood and Qi. Tonifies Spleen and Kidney. Augments Qi and strength.
Ingredients: Dioscorea Hypoglauca Rhizome (Bixie, crushed), Achyranthes Root (remove sprouts), Eucommia Bark (peel removed, stir-fried until slightly yellow, crushed), Ziziphus Seed (stir-fried), Biota Seed, Saposhnikovia Root (remove forks and rhizome). Tianma... Shi (burned with vinegar... Enter Magnetite... Mu Gua Wan (Papaya Pill): Treats weakness in the waist and knees. Fatigue of the four limbs. Cold pain in the abdomen and ribs. Strengthens muscle power. Harmonizes Qi and Blood. Provides warmth.
Ingredients: Papaya (two from Xuanzhou, remove pulp, hollow out top), Sha (Cinnabar?, half liang, store in silk bag inside papaya), Sheep Kidney (one pair, grind... Use good wine... Overnight... Slice and bake... Bake), Morinda Root, Fenugreek... Size of tung tree seeds. Thirty pills per dose... Shu Gan Dihuang Wan (Prepared Dry Rehmannia Pill): Treats deficiency-cold of the lower yuan. Weakness in the waist and feet. Enhances complexion. Darkens mustache and beard. Tonifies deficiency and damage.
Ingredients: Dry Rehmannia Root (2 liang), Achyranthes Root (remove sprouts), Polygala Root (heart removed), Morinda, Dendrobium (roots removed, crushed), Cassia Twig Heart, Plantago Seed, Raspberry... Rong (Deer Antler, de-haired... Empty heart. Warm... Wutou Jian Wan (Aconite Decoction Pill): Treats wind-cold of the lower yuan. Flowing into the waist and knees. Inability to walk. Condition resembling soft wind. Tonifies Yang Qi. (Also known as Niuxi Jian Pill/Achyranthes Decoction Pill)
Ingredients: Aconite (5 liang, wash until soft, remove peel and navel, cut finely, use 3 sheng good wine, boil until soft, grind finely into paste), Papaya (3 pieces, hollow out pulp and seeds below... Rong (Cistanche, soaked in wine... (Each 2 liang). Shang... Xia.

**Baji Wan (Morinda Pill)**
Treats bone marrow deficiency and exhaustion. Weakness in the waist and knees.
Ingredients: Morinda Root (heart removed, 3 parts), Huang (Astragalus, crushed, 1 liang), Polygala Root (heart removed), Achyranthes Root (roots removed, soaked in wine, baked), Dry Rehmannia Root (baked), Yam... (Each... Pepper 40... Da (Large).

**Shenfu Wan (Kidney and Aconite Pill)**
Treats wind-cold and stagnant qi in the Water Organ. Endures cold and heat. Warms the waist and knees.
Ingredients: Sheep Kidney (5 pairs), Aconite Root (5 liang, processed, peel and navel removed), Gypsum Fibrosum Powder (2 liang), Cassia Twig Heart (2 liang), Terminalia Chebula Peel (2 liang), Red Arrow (Chi Jian/Galanga)... (2 liang, soaked in wine for 3... This heavy... Also not... Water soak... Later days...

**Mijiao Wan (Elk Horn Pill)**
Warm and tonify the lower yuan. Strengthen the waist and knees. Treat deficiency-cold qi.
Ingredients: Elk Horn Scraps (1 jin, mix with milk, place in silver/earthenware vessel, cover with 6 dou barley, steam for one fushi period), Cistanche (2 liang, soaked in wine overnight, remove... Two liang, processed, peel and navel removed). Da (Large). Mei fu kong xin (Take on empty stomach...

**Yangshen Jian Wan (Sheep Kidney Decoction Pill)**
Treats downward pouring injury and exhaustion. Weakness in the waist and knees. Weakness in the four limbs. Pain in bones and tendons. Difficulty in walking.
Ingredients: Sheep Spine Bone (one piece, remove cuts), Aconite Root (processed, peel and navel removed), Areca Nut (crushed), Huang (Astragalus)... Aurantium Peel (white part removed, stir-fried, each 1 liang), Agarwood... (Crushed)... Sha (Cinnabar?) 2 liang... Flown over. Method... Paste. Together...

**Bashen San (Eight Gods Powder)**
Treats heaviness of the four limbs. Weakness in the feet and knees. Cold pain in the bone marrow. Strengthens bones and tendons. Clarifies the ears and eyes.
Ingredients: Aconite Root (peel and navel removed, 1 liang), Aconite (peel and navel removed), Grass Aconite (Caowu, each 2 liang, each cut into three sections, boil slowly with 2 liang salt for one day... Bake dry... Three... Liang). San. Yi (Use...).

**Bu Wuzang. Li Yaoxi Gangjiao. Yi Yangshi. Neng Xiaoshi. Chu Fuzhong Lengqi. Xiao Pi.** (Tonify the Five Zang. Regulate the waist and knees, ganglion. Benefit Yang matters. Can digest food. Remove cold qi in the abdomen. Eliminate masses.) (From *Bencao*)
Usage: Burn mussel until juice boils. Take out and eat. Too much causes irritability and dim vision. Stop if slight diarrhea occurs.

**Tusizi (Cuscuta Seed)** (From *Shibian Liangfang*)
Treats weakness in the waist and knees. Strengthens Qi and expels wind. Huang Luzhi said. After taking this medicine, if one feels slight stagnation, should use... Little Chrysanthemum...
Usage: Clean Tusizi completely. No specific amount. First put in mortar and pound like grinding grain. Then winnow to remove dust and chaff. Wash with water five times. Remove floating impurities and bottom sand/stones... On a large millstone. Mill and sieve into powder. Take fresh Yam, peel and grind into paste. Boil wine into paste. Search and mix to form pills. Size of pea. Sun-dry. Mei (Take)... Lv (Often)...