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Eliminate accumulation.
Bitter, warm, slightly toxic. Treats hernia (Shan Jia), masses and accumulations (Zha Ji), distension, and fixed lumps (Pi Ku). Also treats cornea opacity (Mu Yi) and pterygium (Nu Rou). Carbuncles, sores, boils, and folliculitis. Throat lock (Yan Jin) and dental caries. (Li Shizhen said: Sparrows eat various grains, which are easily digested; therefore, the conditions it treats all rely on its meaning of "dissolving and rotting".) For Yin syndromes, use male sparrow droppings; for Yang syndromes, use female sparrow droppings. Collected in the twelfth lunar month. Remove the parts attached to both sides. Grind finely in a mortar. Soak in licorice water overnight. Drain the water and dry by roasting before use. (Ri Hua Zi said: For birds, if the left wing covers the right, it is male; its feces have a pointed and straight head. Lei Xiao said: Do not use sparrow droppings where the sparrow is yellow-mouthed and has not yet mated. The bottom of the sparrow dropping being pointed upwards indicates male; round at both ends indicates female. Li Shizhen said: *Bie Lu* only used male sparrow droppings; the distinction between male and female usage originated from Lei Shi.)

Also known as Pigeon (Bo Ge). Resolves toxicity.
Salty, neutral. Resolves toxicity of various medicines. Also treats chronic scabies in humans and horses. Treats malignant sores, wind tinea, vitiligo (Bai Dian), and ulcerative wind (Yang Feng). Only white ones are used in medicine. (For all birds, the male mounts the female; however, the pigeon is unique in that the female mounts the male, hence its nature is most lustful.) Eggs resolve sore and smallpox toxin. Droppings are named Zuo Pan Long (Left Coiling Dragon). (Li Shizhen said: Wild pigeons are especially good; their droppings always coil to the left, hence Liu Hejian's *Xuan Ming Fang* states this.) Eliminates abdominal痞块 (pi ku), scrofula (Luo Li), and various sores. Treats tetanus (Po Shang Feng) and critical cases of yin toxicity. For human and horse scabies, roast, grind, and apply externally. Feed mixed with grass to donkeys and horses. Reduces swelling and kills parasites. (For head sores with white baldness, apply pigeon powder ground into fine particles; first wash clean with vinegar water.)

Tonifies deficiency and warms the middle.
Sweet, warm. Belongs to Xun trigram and Wood element. (Therefore, it can stir wind.) Tonifies deficiency and warms the middle. (Ri Hua Zi said: Black female chickens tonify postpartum deficiency and exhaustion. Ma Yiqing said: Pregnant women should eat male chickens to obtain complete yang essence from heaven. Cui Xinggong's *Zuan Yao Fang* said: Women dying in childbirth are often due to disturbances in wealthy households causing maternal panic and disorder. Isolate the person for quiet delivery, then boil male chicken juice thoroughly, cook rice porridge with it, and feed it; naturally there will be no harm. Chicken juice is slippery and moistening; eating the meat might be hard to digest. Gong Yunlin's *Yi Jian* said: Four-to-five-year-old old hens, boiled in soup and eaten as porridge, can secure the fetus. Meng Shen said: For abdominal fluid retention and edema, take one yellow female chicken, clean it as usual, boil together with one sheng of adzuki beans, drink the juice, twice during the day and once at night. Li Shizhen said: Yellow corresponds to Earth, female corresponds to Kun image, sweet taste enters the Spleen, warm temperature benefits the Stomach, thus what it treats are all diseases of the Spleen and Stomach. Danxi's statement that "chicken belongs to Earth" likely refers to this chicken.) The comb resides in the high and clear region. Its blood gathers the essence. Male and red ones belong to Yang. Thus, they treat sudden evil shock and fright. (Dripping hot blood into the mouth, applying to the face, and blowing into the nose is beneficial.) *Ben Jing* specifies using older ones to take advantage of sufficient yang qi. It eats hundred insects; thus, it treats venom from centipede, earthworm, and spider bites. Chicken egg, sweet and neutral, calms the heart. Anchors the five zang organs. Benefits qi and nourishes blood. Clears the throat and opens the voice. (For chronic asthma, slightly crack the egg, soak in urine jar for three to four days, boil and eat, send down with ginger juice and bamboo sap decoction, can eliminate wind-phlegm.) Dissipates heat and stabilizes fright. Stops cough and dysentery. (Boiled with vinegar, treats chronic red and white dysentery.) Secures the fetus and facilitates labor. (If placenta fails to deliver, swallow two or three egg yolks; to remove hair splinter stuck in throat, induce vomiting to expel it.) Excessive consumption causes stagnation and stuffiness. (Currently, custom dictates eating chicken eggs immediately after childbirth, but they must be boiled very old and well-done to be easily digested; if raw and tender, they easily cause stagnation.) Hatching eggshell mainly treats relapse of cold damage due to overexertion. Grind and apply externally for chancres. Mix with sesame oil. Apply for smallpox toxin. Divine effect. Inner membrane of egg white mainly treats chronic cough with qi knot. (*Xian Chuan Wai Ke* says: A person accidentally had a knife in his mouth, tongue cut hanging but not severed. Another person wrapped it in chicken egg white membrane, applied hemostatic medicine to the tongue root, stopped bleeding, applied Chonghe Ointment mixed with melted wax onto the egg white membrane, secured it for three days, then removed the membrane, only applying honey and wax diligently, fully recovered in seven days. If seeking rapid effect, incorporate trauma medicine. This use of egg white membrane has no other purpose, merely taking advantage of its softness and thinness to protect the tongue and transmit medicine.) Chicken gizzard lining (also known as Ji Nei Jin, also known as [character missing], pronounced Pi Chi). Sweet, neutral, astringent. The spleen of the chicken. Can digest food and grain. Clears heat and stops irritability. Unblocks Small Intestine and Bladder. Treats diarrhea, dysentery, frequent urination, enuresis, hematuria, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, and intestinal wind. Diaphragmatic consumption and regurgitation. Pediatric malnutrition malaria. Males use female, females use male. White part of chicken droppings, slightly cold, directs qi downward. Eliminates accumulation. Promotes free flow of large and small bowels. *Nei Jing* uses it to treat gu distension. Stir-fried with rice. Treats rice pathology. Mixed with vinegar. Applied to earthworm and centipede bite venom. (Male chicken droppings have white parts; collected in the twelfth lunar month; white chickens with black bones are even better. *Su Wen* calls it Ji Shi Li. For infant tight lips, grind white chicken droppings into powder and apply; saliva makes it easy to remove. For toothache, burn white chicken droppings into powder, wrap in silk, bite on affected area, immediate recovery.)