（《拾遗》）
【集解】时珍曰∶血犹水也。水谷入于中焦，泌别熏蒸，化其精微，上注于肺。流溢于
中，布散于外。中焦受汁，变化而赤，行于隧道，以奉生身，是之谓血，命曰营气。血之与
气，异名同类；清者为营，浊者为卫，营行于阴，卫行于阳；气主煦之，血主濡之。血体属
水，以火为用，故曰气者血之帅也。气升则升，气降则降；气热则行，气寒则凝；火活则
，火死则黑。邪犯阳经则上逆，邪犯阴经则下流。盖人身之血，皆生于脾，摄于心，藏于肝
，布于肺，而施化于肾也。仙家炼之，化为白汁，阴尽阳纯也。苌弘死忠，血化为碧，人血
入土，年久为磷，皆精灵之极也。
【气味】咸，平，有毒。
【主治】羸病患皮肉干枯，身上麸片起，又狂犬咬，寒热欲发者，并刺血热饮之（藏器）。
【发明】时珍曰∶肉干麸起，燥病也，不可卒润也。饮人血以润之，人之血可胜刺乎？
夫润燥、治狂犬之药亦伙矣，奚俟于此耶？始作方者，不仁甚矣，其无后乎？虐兵、残贼，
亦有以酒饮人血者，此乃天戮之民，必有其报，不必责也。诸方用血，惟不悖于理者，收附
于下。
【附方】新七。吐血不止∶就用吐出血块，炒黑为末。每服三分，以麦门冬汤调服。盖
血不归元，则积而上逆；以血导血归元，则止矣。（吴球《诸证辨疑》）衄血不止∶《圣济总
录》∶用白纸一张，接衄血令满，于灯上烧灰，作一服，新汲水下。勿用病患知。《儒门事亲》∶
就用本衄血，纸捻蘸点眼内，左点右，右点左。此法大妙。金疮内漏∶取疮内所出血，以水
和，服之。（《千金》）产乳血晕∶取酽醋，和产妇血如枣大，服之。（《普济方》）小儿赤疵∶
针父脚中，取血贴之，即落。（《千金方》）小儿疣目∶以针决其四边，取患疮脓汁敷之。忌
水三日，即溃落也。（《千金》）
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: Blood is like water. When food and drink enter the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), they undergo separation and steaming, transforming their essence into fine nutrients, which ascend to the Lung. The blood flows and overflows internally, spreading externally. The Middle Jiao receives the fluid, transforms it into red color, and circulates it through the vessels to nourish the body; this is called Blood, also known as Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi). Blood and Qi have different names but share the same origin; the clear portion is Ying (Nutritive), while the turbid portion is Wei (Defensive); Ying Qi circulates in the Yin aspects, while Wei Qi circulates in the Yang aspects; Qi primarily provides warmth, while Blood primarily provides moistening. The substance of Blood belongs to Water, yet its function relies on Fire; therefore, it is said that Qi is the commander of Blood. When Qi ascends, Blood ascends; when Qi descends, Blood descends; when Qi is hot, Blood flows freely; when Qi is cold, Blood coagulates; when Fire is active, the color is vibrant; when Fire dies, the color turns black. When pathogenic factors invade the Yang meridians, Blood rebels upward; when they invade the Yin meridians, Blood flows downward. Generally, the Blood of the human body is generated by the Spleen, controlled by the Heart, stored in the Liver, distributed by the Lung, and transformed by the Kidney. Alchemists refine it into a white fluid, representing the exhaustion of Yin and the purity of Yang. Chang Hong died for his loyalty, and his blood turned into jasper; human blood falling into the earth eventually becomes phosphorus after many years; these are all manifestations of extreme spiritual essence.
[Flavor and Properties] Salty, neutral, toxic.
[Indications] For emaciated patients with dry skin and muscles, and scales resembling bran rising on the body, as well as those bitten by rabid dogs who are about to develop chills and fever, one can prick the patient to obtain blood, heat it, and drink it. (From Zang Qian's section in *Bencao Shiyi*)
[Enlightened Insights] Li Shizhen stated: Dry muscles and skin with bran-like scales indicate a condition of Dryness, which cannot be moistened abruptly. Is it humane to make people drink human blood for moistening? Can human blood withstand such extensive pricking? There are already numerous herbs for moistening Dryness and treating rabid dog bites; why rely on this method? The person who first created this prescription was extremely unkind and likely lacked descendants. Cruel soldiers and ruthless bandits also sometimes drink human blood mixed with wine; these are people destined for heavenly punishment and will surely receive retribution, so there is no need to blame them. Among various prescriptions using blood, only those that do not violate medical principles are recorded below.
[Attached Prescriptions] Seven new prescriptions.
1. Unstoppable hematemesis (vomiting blood): Take the clots of vomited blood, stir-fry until black, and grind into powder. Take 3 fen per dose, mixed with Ophiopogon Decoction (Mendong Tang). Since blood failing to return to its source accumulates and rebels upward, using blood to guide blood back to its source stops the bleeding. (Wu Qiu, *Zhuzheng Banyi*)
2. Unstoppable epistaxis (nosebleed): *Shengji Zonglu*: Use a sheet of white paper to catch the nosebleed until full, burn it to ash over a lamp, take as a single dose, washed down with fresh water. Do not let the patient know. *Rumen Shiqin*: Use the blood from the nostril itself, dip a paper twist into it, and apply to the eye; if the left nostril bleeds, apply to the right eye; if the right, apply to the left. This method is excellent.
3. Internal bleeding from metal wounds: Take the blood from the wound, mix with water, and ingest. (*Qianjin Fang*)
4. Postpartum syncope due to blood loss: Take strong vinegar, mix with the parturient's blood to the size of a jujube, and ingest. (*Puji Fang*)
5. Pediatric erythema macules (red spots): Prick the father's foot to obtain blood and apply it to the lesion; the spots will fall off. (*Qianjin Fang*)
6. Pediatric warts: Pierce the four sides of the wart with a needle, collect the pus from the lesion, and apply it. Avoid water for three days; the wart will ulcerate and fall off. (*Qianjin*)