味咸，寒，无毒。主治产难，出肉中刺，溃痈肿，下哽噎，解毒，除恶疮。一名蟪姑，
一名天蝼，一名 。生东城平泽，夜出者良，夏至取，曝干。
以自出者，其自腰以前甚涩，主止大小便。从腰以后甚利，主下大小便。若出拔刺，多
用其脑。此物颇协神鬼，昔人狱中得其蟪力者。今人夜忽见出，多打杀之，言为鬼所使也。
（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四五三页）
味咸，寒，有毒。主治小儿惊痫，螈 ，腹胀，寒热，大人癫疾，狂易。手足端寒，肢
满贲豚。一名 蜣。火熬之良。生长沙池泽。五月五日取，蒸，藏之，临用当炙，勿置水中，
令人吐。（畏羊角、石膏。）
庄子云∶ 蜣之智，在于转丸。其喜入人粪中，取屎丸而却推之，俗名推丸。当取大者，
其类有三四种，以鼻头扁者为真。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四五一页）
味辛，寒，有毒。主治鬼疰，寒热，鼠 ，恶疮，死肌，破症瘕，堕胎。蚀疮中恶肉，
鼻中息肉，散结气石淋，去子，服一刀圭即下。一名 青，一名青蛙。生汶山川谷，八月取。
（恶甘草。）
真者出梁州，状如大马蚁有翼；伪者即斑蝥所化，状如大豆，大都治体略同，必不能得
真
四五四页）
味辛，微寒，有毒。主治漏下赤白，寒热，破石淋，杀禽兽贼鼠。除五脏间热，肌中鼠
，止烦满，补中，去厥痹，利机关。用之当炼，得水烂人肠。又云得水良。一名马蛤。生
江湖池泽及东海，取无时。
李云生江汉中，长六、七寸，江汉间人名为单姥，亦食其肉，肉似蚌。今人多不识之，
大都似今 KT 而非。方用至少。凡此类皆不可多食，而不正入药，惟蛤蜊煮之醒酒。蚬
壳陈久者止痢。车螯、蚶蛎、 之属，亦可为食，无损益，不见所主。雉入大水变为 ，
云是大蛤，乃是蚌尔，煮食诸蜊蜗与菜，皆不利人也。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四四
一页）
[Mole Cricket]
Salty in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It treats difficult labor, extracts thorns from flesh, suppurates carbuncles and swellings, relieves dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing), detoxifies, and treats malignant sores. Also known as Huigu, also known as Tianlou, also known as [missing character]. Grows in the plains and marshes of Dongcheng; those unearthed at night are superior. Harvested on the Summer Solstice and sun-dried. The part emerging from the waist upwards is very astringent and mainly used to stop urination and defecation; the part emerging from the waist downwards is very slippery and mainly used to promote urination and defecation. If used to extract thorns, its brain is mostly employed. This creature seems to have connections with spirits and ghosts; in the past, people obtained something called "Huili" in prisons. Nowadays, if people see it coming out at night, they often kill it, saying it is driven by ghosts. (Da Guan Ben Cao Vol. 22, Zheng He Ben Cao p. 453)
[Dung Beetle]
Salty in flavor, cold in nature, toxic. It treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy, spasms, abdominal distension, alternating chills and fever, adult mania, and madness. Cold extremities, limb fullness, and benign tumor (Ben Tun). Also known as Qiang. Fire-roasted preparation is effective. Grows in the pools and marshes of Changsha. Harvested on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, steamed, and stored. When used, it should be roasted over fire; do not place it in water, as this will cause vomiting. (Incompatible with Sheep Horn and Gypsum.)
Zhuangzi said: "The wisdom of the Dung Beetle lies in rolling balls." It likes to enter human feces, take dung balls and push them backward, commonly known as "rolling ball." One should select the large ones; there are three or four types, with those having flat noses being authentic. (Da Guan Ben Cao Vol. 22, Zheng He Ben Cao p. 451)
[Horsefly]
Pungent in flavor, cold in nature, toxic. It treats Gui Zhu (a type of chronic infectious disease), alternating chills and fever, scrofula (lymphatic tuberculosis), malignant sores, necrotic tissue, breaks up masses and accumulations, induces abortion. Corrodes evil flesh in sores, removes nasal polyps, dissipates nodulated Qi and stone strangury, expels the fetus. Taking one Dao Gui dose causes immediate expulsion. Also known as [missing character] Qing, also known as Frog. Grows in the mountains and valleys of Wen River, harvested in August. (Incompatible with Licorice Root.)
Authentic ones come from Liangzhou, resembling large ants with wings; fake ones are transformed from Mylabris, resembling soybeans. Their general therapeutic effects are similar, but true ones cannot be easily obtained. (p. 454)
[Clam/Mussel]
Pungent in flavor, slightly cold in nature, toxic. It treats leukorrhea with red and white discharge, alternating chills and fever, breaks up stone strangury, kills birds, beasts, thieves, and rats. Clears heat between the five Zang organs, removes scrofula in muscles, stops irritability and fullness, tonifies the Middle Jiao, removes Jue Bi (obstruction), benefits the joints. When used, it must be processed; otherwise, it rots in the intestines upon contact with water. Some say it is good when wet. Also known as Ma Ge. Grows in rivers, lakes, pools, marshes, and the East Sea; harvestable at any time.
Li Yun recorded that it grows in the Jianghan region, six to seven cun long, named Dan Lao by locals, whose meat is eaten and resembles mussel. Most people today do not recognize it; it generally resembles the modern razor clam (Scapharca subcrenata) rather than others. It is rarely used in prescriptions. Generally, such items should not be eaten in excess and are not standard medicinal materials; only clams boiled can resolve alcohol intoxication. Old clam shells stop diarrhea. Scaphoda, ark shell, oyster, and similar species can also be eaten but offer little benefit or harm, with no specific primary indications noted. A pheasant entering deep water transforms into [missing character], said to be a large clam, but it is actually a mussel. Boiling and eating various clams, snails, and vegetables is detrimental to humans. (Da Guan Ben Cao Vol. 22, Zheng He Ben Cao p. 441)