心疟者,令人烦心甚,欲得清水,反寒多不甚热,刺手少阴。
心为君火,疟邪犯之,故烦心甚,而欲得清水以解之;火热内郁,阳不流行,故表反寒多而不甚热也。按
经所言,心藏神
明,其脏坚固而不受邪,受邪则心伤神去而死。凡言心病者,心之包络受邪也。包络为心脉之本,心气所由出
入,故受邪乱气,则但神昏而不死,如癫狂等病亦然。若受邪在经,神亦不昏,故刺手少阴经以泄其邪。
肝疟者,令人色苍苍然,太息,其状若死者,刺足厥阴见血。
肝木色苍,肝病故色现于外;肝郁不舒,故必太息;肝藏魂,其气厥逆,则肢冷神昏若死者,厥回则苏,
厥不回即死矣。肝藏血,故必刺之出血,方能去邪。
脾疟者,令人寒,腹中痛,热则肠中鸣,鸣已汗出,刺足太阴。
脾为阴脏,位于腹而主肌肉,故受邪则身寒腹痛;阴盛极则阳来复而发热;热则气动而肠鸣,鸣已,其表
气亦通而出汗也。刺其经以泄其邪。
肾疟者,令人洒洒然,腰脊痛,宛转大便难,目 然,手足寒,刺足太阳、少阴。
膀胱为肾腑,外应腠理毫毛,脏病必及于腑,故乍觉寒袭腠理而洒洒然,如冷水洒之也;肾居腰脊,故腰
脊痛;肾开窍于二便,邪侵气窒,故宛转大便难也;目之黑珠属肝,瞳神本肾,肾连肝病,故目 然, 音
悬,即昏眩也;十二经阴阳之气,交接于手足指尖,阴阳不得交通,则手足皆寒。刺膀胱、肾经以泄
其邪。
Heart malaria causes extreme mental restlessness, a desire for cold water, and is characterized by more chills than fever. Treatment involves needling the Hand Shaoyin (Heart) meridian.
The Heart belongs to Ministerial Fire; when malarial pathogens invade it, extreme mental restlessness occurs, and cold water is desired to alleviate it. Because heat-fire is internally constrained and Yang Qi fails to circulate, there are more chills on the exterior and less fever. According to the classics: The Heart stores the Spirit (Shen). Its organ is solid and does not accept pathogens; if it accepts pathogens, the Heart is damaged, the Spirit departs, and death ensues. Whenever "Heart disease" is mentioned, it actually refers to pathology of the Pericardium (Bao Luo). The Pericardium is the root of the Heart vessels and the pathway through which Heart Qi enters and exits. Therefore, when pathogens disturb the Qi, there is only confusion of consciousness without death, as seen in diseases like mania. If the pathogen is in the meridians, consciousness is not confused; thus, needling the Hand Shaoyin meridian drains the pathogen.
Liver malaria causes the complexion to appear dark green/cyan, frequent sighing, and a demeanor resembling death. Treatment involves needling the Foot Jueyin (Liver) meridian until bleeding occurs.
The Liver corresponds to Wood, whose color is cyan; liver pathology manifests externally as such a complexion. Liver Qi stagnation and failure to diffuse cause frequent sighing. The Liver stores the Ethereal Soul (Hun); when its Qi rebels, limbs become cold and consciousness becomes clouded, resembling death. If the rebellious Qi returns, the patient revives; if it does not, death occurs. The Liver stores Blood; therefore, needling must induce bleeding to eliminate the pathogen.
Spleen malaria causes chills, abdominal pain, and intestinal borborygmi during fever, followed by sweating after the borborygmi cease. Treatment involves needling the Foot Taiyin (Spleen) meridian.
The Spleen is a Yin organ located in the abdomen and governs the muscles. When invaded by pathogens, the body feels cold and the abdomen hurts. When Yin reaches its extremity, Yang returns to restore balance, causing fever. Heat moves the Qi, causing intestinal borborygmi; once these cease, the Wei Qi on the exterior becomes unobstructed, leading to sweating. Needling the meridian drains the pathogen.
Kidney malaria causes shivering, pain in the lower back and spine, difficulty with defecation accompanied by turning and twisting, blurred vision, and cold hands and feet. Treatment involves needling the Foot Taiyang (Bladder) and Foot Shaoyin (Kidney) meridians.
The Bladder is the Fu organ of the Kidney and corresponds externally to the interstices (Cou Li) and fine hairs. Zang pathology inevitably affects the corresponding Fu organ; thus, one suddenly feels cold invading the interstices, shivering as if splashed with cold water. The Kidney resides in the lumbar region and spine, causing pain there. The Kidney opens into the two orifices (urinary and anal); pathogenic invasion obstructs Qi mechanism, causing difficulty with defecation despite straining. The black part of the eye belongs to the Liver, while the pupil belongs to the Kidney. Kidney disease affecting the Liver results in blurred vision ("mu ran", pronounced xuan, meaning dizziness/blurred vision). The Yin and Yang Qi of the twelve meridians intersect at the tips of the fingers and toes. If Yin and Yang cannot communicate, both hands and feet become cold. Needling the Bladder and Kidney meridians drains the pathogen.