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Brightness cannot be resisted, hence sneezing and tears occur alternately; photophobia (sensitivity to light) exists, and it is difficult to open the eyes due to fear of sunlight. It is appropriate to administer Xiepi Tang (Splea-Draining Decoction) [composed of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Taoren (Persicae Semen), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Cheqian (Plantaginis Semen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)], Shengfeng Tang (Wind-Overcoming Decoction), and apply Hupo San (Amber Powder) topically to the eyes.

External Obstruction due to Accumulated Heat in the Liver Meridian: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by laborious strain on the liver, accumulating wind-heat, combined with emotional qi stagnating and failing to disperse. This attacks the brain and assaults the eyes, causing redness of the eyes and formation of corneal opacities (nebula), which may gather or scatter, appearing intermittently. Initially felt as mild, it gradually worsens over years. It is appropriate to administer Shengfeng Tang (Wind-Overcoming Decoction) and apply Hupo San (Amber Powder) and Babao San (Eight-Treasure Powder) topically.

External Obstruction due to Heat-Toxic Carbuncles and Ulcers: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by excessive consumption of the "Five Pungents" and fried, roasted foods, or excessive bathing in hot water. Heat-toxin attacks upward, steam enters the brain, leading to the generation of carbuncles and ulcers. The disease starts from the inside of the upper eyelid, presenting with redness, swelling, and pain. Immediately administer Xiaodu Yin (Disinfecting Decoction); mild cases can be resolved internally, while severe cases can be supported externally to expel pus. If pus appears in the upper eyelid or sclera (white part of the eye), there is no cause for alarm. However, if pus appears in the cornea (black part of the eye, governed by the Liver meridian), it will result in visual impairment or blindness. After administering Xiaodu Yin (Disinfecting Decoction) to expel pus, if the body is weak, Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Middle-Boosting Qi-Rescuing Decoction) modified can be administered.

Nighttime Globe Pain External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by insufficiency of blood in the Liver meridian, stagnation of Liver qi, compounded by invasion of cold pathogen, leading to impaired blood circulation. At night, globe pain occurs accompanied by headache, continuous tearing, and pain in tendons and vessels. The eyes are the master of blood vessels and the orifice of the Liver meridian, connected to the brain and linked to the Liver. The Liver stores blood; when qi flows smoothly, blood circulates along the ocular system to nourish the eyes, resulting in luster and clarity. When qi rebels and blood becomes diseased, the eyes lose nourishment, pathogens converge causing pain. Moreover, night belongs to Yin, a time when cold qi is vigorous. With rebellious Liver qi encountering invading cold-Yin, evil and righteous qi struggle, hence tearing and pain. Treatment should dispel wind and invigorate blood, administering Shenxiao Bugan San (Miraculous Liver-Nourishing Powder).

Huihui Headache External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it affects people of the Hui ethnicity who bathe with water poured from head to foot. Moisture soaks the scalp, and cold wind invades the eyes, causing headache, stagnation of the ocular system with blood stasis, and tightness of the eyelids. Generally, the head is the meeting place of all Yang meridians; Yang represents Fire, which should disperse rather than stagnate. The eyes are the master of qi and blood, which should be warm rather than cold. Having been injured by cold-dampness, it becomes a condition of stagnant pain. It is appropriate to use Xilun San (Eyelid-Washing Powder) [composed of Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Niubang (Arctii Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)].

Spiral Screw Protrusion External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by exhaustion of the Zang-Fu organs and accumulation of latent heat-toxin, which assaults the eyes. The cornea suddenly swells, hardens, and protrudes, resembling a carbuncle or ulcer, with flowing pus and blood, already ulcerated and damaged. This is an incurable syndrome; only reducing swelling and relieving pain is possible.

Roller Turning Joint External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by wind-heat pathogenic toxin in the Liver, combined with residual toxins from pre-existing skin sores that have not fully cleared, attacking the head and damaging the orifices. The eyes are formed by the essence of the Zang-Fu organs condensing. Toxin attacks within, not immediately erupting, but growing from the root with stagnant flesh, pushing the cornea out of the orbit, swelling like a tumor, hanging above the zygomatic bone. The cornea cannot rotate, the pupil stares straight ahead, yet the eyelids can still open and close. Although there are no painful symptoms, it is absolutely incurable. Over time, compounded by emotional stagnation and urgent toxin attack, it suddenly becomes painful, swollen, and ruptures. Staring straight ahead indicates the exhaustion of the Taiyang meridian; not only are the eyes incurable, but life will also perish.

Flesh Coagulating Fat External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by the Spleen and Stomach meridians contracting latent wind-heat damp-evil, with coagulated blood remaining inside and not dispersing, attacking the upper and lower eyelids. They appear purple-black, swollen, and closed, unable to open, sticky like glue. First administer Qufeng San (Wind-Dispelling Powder) [composed of Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Fuling (Poria), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Chongwezi (Leonuri Fructus), Gaoben (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)], scrape away blood stasis, administer Shengfeng San (Wind-Overcoming Powder), and apply Wujiang Gao (Black Gold Ointment) and Lingguang San (Spiritual Light Powder) topically.

Excessive Menstrual Flow External Obstruction in Women: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by excessive blood loss during menstruation, metrorrhagia, or excessive postpartum bleeding, leading to deficiency of the Liver and Spleen. The Liver stores blood, and the Spleen controls blood. Once these two meridians are injured, blood becomes insufficient and fire becomes excessive, leading to flaming upward, assaulting the head and eyes, causing headache, dim vision, globe pain, tearing, redness, dryness, and formation of opacities resembling millet grains or fish scales sinking down. First administer Xionggui Buxue Tang (Cyperi and Angelica Blood-Nourishing Decoction) [composed of Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Tiandong (Asparagi Radix), Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix)], Sizhi Xiangfu Wan (Four-Processed Cyperi Pill) [processed with wine, salt, child's urine, and vinegar; composed of Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Zelan Ye (Leonuri Herba), Yimucao (Leonuri Herba), refined honey pills. Take 3 qian each time, swallowed with plain warm water on an empty stomach. One formula omits Renshen and Baizhu]), and apply Hupo San (Amber Powder) and Babao San (Eight-Treasure Powder) topically.

Reverse Flow of Menstrual Blood in Women External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by damage to the Heart and Spleen. For unmarried women and young boys, accumulated thoughts in the heart without fulfillment, and excessive worry, often lead to mental exhaustion. In men, spirit and color deteriorate; in women, menstruation ceases. Evil fire flares upward, forcing blood to flow recklessly off course, reversing into the eyes. The cornea turns red above and below as if flooded with blood; severely, fleshy growths arise around the cornea. Resembling blood nebula enveloping the pupil, Tongjing Posui Tang (Menstruation-Unblocking Blood-Breaking Decoction) must be administered [composed of Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Sumu (Sappan Lignum), Gan Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Guiwei (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Liu Jinu (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), Yuanming Fen (Natrii Sulfas), Muzei Cao (Equiseti Herba)] to make the nebula dissolve spontaneously and menstrual blood regulate smoothly, after which Hupo San (Amber Powder) and Babao San (Eight-Treasure Powder) can be applied topically.

Infantile Kan Eye External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by excessive consumption of raw/cold foods and wheat products, combined with irregular eating habits, damaging the Spleen and Stomach. Day by day, month by month, it brews into disease. The interstices are not dense, causing fear of sunlight and photophobia, excessive discharge and pus, globe pain and opacity, sinking down, or formation of crab-eye (corneal prolapse), submandibular scrofula, mouth sores, frequent crying and hunger, emaciation, fever and jaundice, abdominal pain. Treatment should regulate the Spleen and Stomach and pacify the Liver Wood. Cold and purgative agents must strictly be avoided. First administer Furling Zaoshi Tang (Poria Drying-Dampness Decoction) [composed of Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Manjingzi (Viticis Semen), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Bai Fuling (Poria), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Su Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba]), Renshen Qipi Wan (Ginsens Enlarging-Spleen Pill) [composed of Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Lianrou (Nelumbinis Semen), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shanzha Rou (Crataegi Fructus), made into pills the size of paulownia seeds using lotus leaf boiled old rice paste. Take 30-50 pills each time, swallowed with clear rice drink], and Jiawei Lushui Wan (Nine-Ingredient Aloe Vera Pill) [composed of Lushui (Aloe), Wuyi (Meliae Semen), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Hu Huanglian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma), Guang Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Longdan Cao (Gentianae Radix), refined honey pills weighing 1 qian, swallowed with clear rice milk before bed]. If initially staring with dull eyes, wrinkled cornea like a silkworm's abdomen, distended abdomen, dysentery with red and white stool, it is an incurable sign, and death will soon follow.

Infantile Congenital External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all because the mother, during pregnancy, consumed excessive pungent, hot, and toxic foods, or bathed in water that was too hot, contracting heat-toxin which attacked the infant's eyes. Thus, the infant's eyes were diseased at birth, or became diseased after one or two months, or even after three hundred days. All are due to unresolved fetal toxin. Symptoms include pain, tearing, redness, dryness, difficulty opening eyes, photophobia, fear of sunlight, corneal opacity protruding like a black bean, severely red and swollen and unable to open, discharge and tears like paste. It is appropriate to administer Chuere Yin (Heat-Removing Decoction) [composed of Gan Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Chongwezi (Leonuri Fructus), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Muzei Cao (Equiseti Herba), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Zhu Ye (Bambusae Folium, ten leaves as guide)] and Zaoshi Tang (Drying-Dampness Decoction). There are also cases where illness results from nursing on milk containing heat-toxin from the wet nurse.

Infile Strabismus External Obstruction: According to this syndrome, it is all caused by wind pathogen entering the brain after smallpox or scarlet fever, causing the ocular system to twist, thus the cornea cannot look straight ahead; there are also cases injured by fright and shock. It is appropriate to administer Xiaofeng San (Wind-Dispelling Powder) and Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia Unblocking-Health Powder) [composed of Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Huashi (Talcum), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), decocted in water and taken after meals. Reduce Mangxiao and Dahuang if stools are loose], combined with blood-nourishing agents.