小儿不宜服凉药 足胫冷，腹虚胀，粪色青，吐乳食，眼珠青，面青白，脉沉微。此皆寒
证，故不宜凉药。
小儿不宜服热药 足胫热，两脸红，大便秘，小便赤，上气急，脉紧数，渴不止。此皆热
候，故不宜热药。
小儿急、慢惊风，古谓之阴阳痫。急慢者，后世名之也。急属阳盛而阴虚；慢属阴盛而阳虚
。皆脏腑邪热，销克肺经而成痰。痰复生热，热生风，风生惊。必因惊、风、痰、热，四证合作
而为搐（两手伸缩、）搦（十指开合、）掣（势如相扑、）颤（头偏不止、）反（身仰向后）、
引（臂若开弓、）窜（目直似怒、）视（露睛不活）八候生焉。及搭眼摇头、
张口出舌、唇青脸赤、面青睛青，太阳发际、印堂皆青，三关、虎口红紫及青，皆惊风之候也。
男搐左视左；女搐右视右。男眼上窜；女眼下窜。男握母指出外；女握母指入内。男引手挽，左
直右曲；女引手挽，右直左曲，皆为之顺。反此为逆。治风先利惊，治惊先豁痰，治痰先解热。
若惊风由痰热而生，必退热化痰，而惊自止。若四证俱有，治必兼施，先后纲领如此。析而言之
，暴烈为急；沉重为慢。急则势虽甚，而属有余，其愈易；慢则候虽缓，而属不足，其愈难。有
初为壮热发搐之急惊，因吐下太过，凉药用多，脾胃亏损，肢冷昏愦，而变慢惊者。有先为吐泻
、脾虚之慢惊，因温补太过，热药用多，体热涎壅，面红目赤，而变急惊者。医家用药，可不慎
欤！大抵婴儿之疾，贵乎早治。才觉受惊，伤风发热，便与疏解，何虑之有哉？治宜先用搐鼻法
，以猪牙皂角末，或半夏末（或二物并，）以纸捻蘸捻鼻孔，或芦管吹入。（得嚏可治，无嚏难
治。）次吐痰，瓜蒂散（五分调服；）或稀涎散（五分白汤调服），吐痰为妙。或通关散，或以神佑
丸（二分，白汤化下；）或青州白丸子，或滚痰丸（同抱龙丸、豁痰丸）化痰。或以造命丹治惊
。如惊风已退，定志丸调之。
Infants and children should not take cooling medicines. Symptoms include coldness in the lower legs, abdominal distension due to deficiency, greenish stool, vomiting of milk and food, blueish eyeballs, bluish-white complexion, and a deep and faint pulse (Chen Wei). These all indicate Cold Syndromes (Han Zheng), thus cooling medicines are unsuitable.
Infants and children should not take heating medicines. Symptoms include heat in the lower legs, redness on both cheeks, constipation, reddish urine, upward rushing of Qi with rapid breathing, a tight and rapid pulse (Jin Shu), and unquenchable thirst. These all indicate Heat Patterns (Re Hou), thus heating medicines are unsuitable.
Pediatric acute and chronic convulsions were anciently referred to as Yin-Yang Epilepsy (Yin Yang Xian). "Acute" and "chronic" are names given by later generations. Acute convulsion belongs to Excess Yang and Deficient Yin; chronic convulsion belongs to Excess Yin and Deficient Yang. Both result from pathogenic heat in the Zang-Fu organs consuming and impairing the Lung Meridian, leading to Phlegm formation. Phlegm generates heat, heat generates Wind, and Wind generates Convulsion. It is necessary that the four syndromes of Convulsion, Wind, Phlegm, and Heat act together to produce the eight signs: Chu (extension and flexion of hands and feet), Nuo (opening and closing of fingers), Che (posture like wrestling), Chan (continuous tilting of the head), Fan (arching of the back backwards), Yin (arms drawn back like drawing a bow), Cuan (staring eyes resembling anger), and Shi (exposed pupils lacking mobility). Additionally, staring eyes and shaking head, opening mouth and protruding tongue, cyanotic lips and reddish face, bluish face and eyes, bluish color at the Taiyang hairline and Yintang area, and red-purple or bluish colors at the Three Passages and Tiger Mouth areas are all signs of Convulsion. In boys, convulsions involve looking left; in girls, looking right. Boys' eyes roll up; girls' eyes sink down. Boys grip the mother's finger outward; girls grip inward. When pulling the hands, boys have the left hand straight and right curved; girls have the right hand straight and left curved. These are considered favorable (Shun). The opposite is unfavorable (Ni). To treat Wind, first resolve Convulsion; to treat Convulsion, first expel Phlegm; to treat Phlegm, first clear Heat. If Convulsion arises from Phlegm-Heat, clearing Heat and resolving Phlegm will naturally stop the Convulsion. If all four syndromes are present, treatment must be combined, following this sequence and principle. Analyzed in detail, violent onset is Acute; heavy and slow is Chronic. Acute, though severe, belongs to Excess and is easier to cure; Chronic, though mild, belongs to Deficiency and is harder to cure. There are cases where initial Acute Convulsion with high fever and spasms transforms into Chronic Convulsion due to excessive vomiting and purging, or overuse of cooling medicines, damaging the Spleen and Stomach, causing cold limbs and confusion. There are cases where initial Chronic Convulsion due to vomiting/diarrhea and Spleen Deficiency transforms into Acute Convulsion due to excessive warming and tonifying, or overuse of heating medicines, causing body heat, phlegm obstruction, red face, and red eyes. Physicians must be cautious in prescribing. Generally, infant diseases benefit from early treatment. Once suspicion of fright, wind-cold, or fever arises, immediate dispersal and resolution should be applied; what then is there to worry about? Treatment should initially use the nasal insufflation method: using powder of Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Spina (Zhuya Zaojiao) or Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia) (or both), dipped on a paper twist to stimulate the nostrils, or blown in via a reed tube. (Sneezing indicates treatability; no sneeze indicates difficulty.) Next, induce vomiting of phlegm using Cucurbitae Trichosanthes Fructus Decoction (Gua Di San - 5 fen mixed with water); or Xi Yan San (5 fen mixed with warm water), aiming to expel phlegm. Alternatively, use Tong Guan San, or Shen You Wan (2 fen dissolved in warm water); or Qingzhou Bai Wan Zi, or Gun Tan Wan (combined with Bao Long Wan, Huo Tan Wan) to resolve phlegm. Or use Zao Ming Dan to treat convulsion. If convulsion has subsided, regulate with Ding Zhi Wan.