痢疾赤属血，白属气，赤白相兼脓血杂痢，皆因脾胃失调，饮食停滞，积于肠胃之间，
多是暑湿伤脾，故作痢疾。起于肚腹疼痛，大便里急后重，小水短赤，身凉脉缓者易治；身
热脉弦急者难治。痢初起一二日，元气壮实者先用玄白散；虚弱者用芍药汤疏通积滞；三、
四日后，元气渐弱，调和饮食，加减治之。如不止，服参归芍药汤调理脾胃、补益元气。久
不愈，方可服真人养脏汤加减治之，切不可骤用粟壳等药。止塞太早恐内积气未尽，成休息
痢，亦恐毒攻上，胸腹饱闷作疼，恶心、呕哕、发呃难治，因毒瓦斯攻胃故也。先水泻后脓血
者，是肾传脾难愈；先脓血后水泻者，是脾传肾易愈；又有痢下鲜血者，如尘腐色者，如屋
漏水者，大孔如竹筒者，呕吐发呃，烦躁身热者，俱难治也。如鱼脑髓者，身热脉数，大半
生半死也。大抵治痢疾∶一、二日元气未虚，治宜疏通积滞。此通因利用之法；三、四日后
不可疏通，恐元气虚也，当清热解毒，调养脾胃为主。经云∶行血则便脓自愈；调气则后重
自除。若大肠积滞，壅塞而后重，法当疏导之；若大肠气虚，下陷而后重，法当开补之。
玄白散（治痢初起，里急后重，腹痛血窘迫，壮盛者一剂愈）
大黄二钱 生地 赤芍 归尾 槟榔 枳壳（麸炒） 牵牛（赤痢用黑，白痢用白，赤
白相杂黑白兼用，半生半炒，须捣碎） 莪术 黄连各二钱
暑月加香薷炒一钱。水煎，空心温服，以痢二、三次为度。（《万病回春》）
治一切痢（不拘男妇小儿）
木香（方圆一寸一块），黄连五钱，用水半升，煎干去黄连，切木香焙末，分三服。第
一服陈皮汤下；第二服陈米饮下；第三服甘草汤下。 有一妇人，久痢将危，梦大士授此方，
因而
黑神散（治肠滑之痢）
石榴一个， 烟尽，次研，仍以酸榴一块煎汤服，神效无比。（《医方考》）
远年痢
上好豆酒暖热一、二钟，内入姜汁一、二茶匙，不宜多服，数十次自愈。 一用哺退鸡
子壳毛，坑上挂燥，研极细末，将一分百滚汤送下即愈。 一用臭椿树皮一两五钱，雨前茶
钱半，扁柏叶二钱五分，枣头、乌梅各二枚，酒、水各一碗，煎。须缓缓服恐泛。（俱出单
方）
噤口痢（男妇汤饮不下者）
用乌梅一斤，敲碎置盆中，将十余碗水煎泡热，令病患坐盆上，待热气冲上肛门，温即
洗，其人亦睡去，即扶上床，煎粥汤候之。如思饮食，即与粥汤半碗，少顷与稀粥半碗，不
宜多。若小儿照方减半可也。
黄连三钱，人参钱半，水一钟煎七分，温服。药入口即苏。 一用乌梅二个，夹住蜗牛
一条。绳扎住，安口中化水滴下，愈。 一用木鳖子，研细和面作饼，贴脐中亦效。（俱集
验方）
疫痢（疫痢者，一人有病他人即传染者是也）
苍术一两，水三钟煎至二钟，去术，入白术、防风、白芍、羌活、人中黄各一钱，煎至
一钟温服。（《秘方补遗》）
便秘脱肛（因久痢所致者）
用蜗牛烧灰，猪脂和敷立缩。（《经验良方》）
Dysentery with red stool indicates a blood-level pathology, while white stool indicates a qi-level pathology. Dysentery presenting with mixed red and white colors and purulent bloody stools is caused by the dysfunction of the Spleen and Stomach, where food stagnation accumulates between the intestines and stomach. This is mostly due to Summer-heat and Dampness injuring the Spleen, thereby inducing dysentery. The onset presents with abdominal pain, tenesmus (a feeling of incomplete defecation), short and dark urine. Cases with a cool body and a slow pulse are easy to treat; those with a feverish body and a string-taut and rapid pulse are difficult to treat.
In the first one or two days of the onset of dysentery, if the Yuan Qi (Original Qi) is strong, use Xuanbai San (Mysterious White Powder) initially; if the constitution is weak, use Shaoyao Tang (Peony Decoction) to unblock and drain stagnation. After three or four days, as the Yuan Qi gradually weakens, diet should be harmonized, and treatment should be adjusted accordingly. If symptoms persist, administer Shengui Shaoyao Tang (Ginseng and Angelica Peony Decoction) to regulate the Spleen and Stomach and tonify the Yuan Qi. If it remains chronic, Zhenren Yangzang Tang (True Person Nourishing Viscera Decoction) may be used with modifications. One must absolutely avoid using astringents like Poppy Shell (Ying Su Ke) abruptly. Premature astringency may prevent the expulsion of internal accumulated Qi, leading to Resting Dysentery (chronic intermittent dysentery); it may also cause toxins to attack upward, resulting in chest and abdominal fullness and pain, nausea, vomiting, and hiccups, which are difficult to treat because the toxic vapors attack the Stomach.
If watery diarrhea precedes purulent bloody stools, it indicates transmission from Kidney to Spleen and is difficult to cure; if purulent bloody stools precede watery diarrhea, it indicates transmission from Spleen to Kidney and is easier to cure. Other severe signs include passing bright red blood, stool resembling rotting dust or leaking roof water, an anus that hangs open like a bamboo tube, accompanied by vomiting, hiccups, irritability, and fever, all of which are difficult to treat. If the stool resembles fish brain matter, accompanied by fever and a rapid pulse, the prognosis is half-life and half-death.
Generally, the principles for treating dysentery are: In the first one or two days, when Yuan Qi is not yet deficient, treatment should focus on unblocking and draining stagnation. This is the method of "treating obstruction with unblocking" (Tong Yin Zhi Yong). After three or four days, one should not continue to unblock, fearing Yuan Qi deficiency; instead, the focus should be on clearing heat and detoxifying, and nourishing the Spleen and Stomach. The Classics state: "Moving the blood allows pus and blood to heal naturally; regulating the Qi eliminates tenesmus." If there is accumulation and congestion in the Large Intestine causing tenesmus, the method is to guide and dredge it; if there is Qi deficiency and sinking in the Large Intestine causing tenesmus, the method is to raise and tonify it.
Xuanbai San (For early-stage dysentery with tenesmus, abdominal pain, and blood distress; cures in one dose for robust patients)
Da Huang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) 2 qian, Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root) [dose implied equal], Chi Shao (Red Peony Root) [dose implied equal], Dang Gui Wei (Tail of Angelica Sinensis Root) [dose implied equal], Bing Lang (Areca Seed) [dose implied equal], Zhi Qiao (Bran-fried Aurantium Fruit) [dose implied equal], Qian Niu Zi (Pharbitis Seed) (Use black Pharbitis for red dysentery, white Pharbitis for white dysentery, both for mixed; half raw half fried, must be crushed), E Zhu (Curcuma Zedoary Rhizome) [dose implied equal], Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) [dose implied equal] each 2 qian.
Add Xiang Ru (Mosla Herb) fried 1 qian during summer months. Decoct in water, take warm on an empty stomach, limit to two or three bowel movements per day. (From *Wanbing Huichun*)
Treating all types of dysentery (regardless of gender or age)
Mu Xiang (Aucklandia Root) (one piece, one cun square), Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) 5 qian. Use half sheng (approx. 240ml) of water, decoct until dry, remove Huang Lian, slice Mu Xiang, bake and grind into fine powder. Divide into three doses. First dose taken with Chen Pi Tang (Tangerine Peel Decoction); second dose with Chen Mi Yin (Aged Rice Drink); third dose with Gan Cao Tang (Licorice Decoction). A woman suffering from chronic dysentery nearing death dreamed of Guanyin bestowing this formula, and she was cured.
Hei Shen San (Black Divine Powder) (For dysentery with intestinal slipping/incontinence)
One pomegranate, smoked until no smoke remains, then ground. Still, decoct a piece of sour pomegranate rind in water and take orally. Extremely effective. (From *Yifang Kao*)
Chronic Dysentery
Take high-quality Dou Jiu (Bean Wine), warm one or two cups, add one or two teaspoons of Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice). Do not take too much; dozens of doses will lead to self-healing. Another method: Take the hair from the shell of a hen's egg, hang it over a latrine to dry, grind into extremely fine powder, take one fen with boiling water to cure. Another method: Take Chou Chun Shu Pi (Toon Tree Bark) 1.5 liang, Yu Qian Cha (Pre-Rain Tea) 0.5 qian, Bian Bo Ye (Cupressus Leaf) 2.5 qian, Zao Tou (Jujube Sprout) and Wu Mei (Dark Plum) two pieces each. Decoct with one bowl of wine and one bowl of water. Must be taken slowly to avoid regurgitation. (All from single prescriptions)
Jinkou Li (Throat-Closing Dysentery) (When patients cannot swallow liquids)
Take one jin (approx. 500g) of Wu Mei (Dark Plum), crush it and place in a basin. Add more than ten bowls of water, boil until hot. Let the patient sit on the basin so the steam rises to the anus. Wash/warm when temperature is suitable; the patient will fall asleep. Then help them to bed and prepare porridge soup. If they desire food, give half a bowl of porridge soup, then half a bowl of thin porridge shortly after. Do not overfeed. For children, halve the dosage.
Another prescription: Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) 3 qian, Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) 0.5 qian. Decoct in one zhong (approx. 200ml) of water until reduced to 0.7 zhong. Take warm. Consciousness returns immediately upon ingestion.
Another method: Take two Wu Mei (Dark Plums), sandwich one snail between them. Tie with a rope, place in the mouth to melt, and drip the juice into the patient's mouth to cure.
Another method: Grind Mu Bie Zi (Strychnos Seed) finely, mix with flour to make a cake, apply to the umbilicus. Also effective. (All collected from verified formulas)
Yi Li (Epidemic Dysentery) (Where one person gets sick and others are immediately infected)
Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) 1 liang. Decoct in three zhongs of water until reduced to two zhongs. Remove Cang Zhu, add Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root), Bai Shao (White Peony Root), Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome), and Ren Zhong Huang (Human Midden Yellow) each 1 qian. Decoct until reduced to one zhong. Take warm. (From *Mifang Buyi*)
Bi Chang Tuo Gang (Constipation and Rectal Prolapse) (Caused by long-term dysentery)
Burn snails to ash, mix with pig fat, and apply externally. Immediate retraction occurs. (From *Jingyan Liangfang*)