津。妙在半夏之降逆。俾热气随之而伏。妙在生姜之升散。俾津液随之而布。此二药。在口渴者。本属忌
药。而在此方中。则转能止渴。非二药之功。乃善用二药之功也。
黄土汤
灶心土（三钱） 甘草（一钱） 白术（三钱） 熟地（三钱） 黄芩（二钱） 阿胶（二钱） 附子（钱半炮）
血者。脾之所统也。先便后血。乃脾气不摄。故便行气下泄。而血因随之以下。方用灶土草术。建补脾土。
以为摄血之本。气陷则阳陷。故用附子以振其阳。血伤则阴虚火动。故用黄芩以清火。而阿胶熟地。又
滋其既虚之血。合计此方。乃滋补气血。而兼用温清之品以和之。为下血崩中之总方。古皆目为圣方。
不敢加减。吾谓圣师立法。指示法门。实则变化随宜。故此方热症可去附子。再加清药。寒症可去黄芩。
再加温药。
赤小豆当归散
赤小豆（三钱） 当归（三钱）
此治先血后便。即今所谓脏毒。与痔疮相似。故用当归以活血。用赤豆色赤入血分。发芽则能疏利血
中之结。使血解散。则不聚结肛门。赤豆芽。又能化血成脓。皆取其疏利之功。痈脓故多用之。俱用浆水服。
解毒汤
大黄（一钱） 黄连（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 黄柏（二钱） 栀子（炒三钱） 赤芍（二钱）
枳壳（一钱） 连翘（一钱） 防风（三钱） 甘草（一钱）
解毒者。谓解除脏毒也。脏毒由火迫结在肛门。故用泄火之药极多。其用白芍者。兼行其血。血行则火
无所着。用枳壳者。兼行其气。气行则火自不聚。而火势之煽。每扶风威。故以防风去风以熄火。且防风
上行外达。使火升散。则不迫结肛门。此即仲景白头翁汤之意。
清胃散
生地（三钱） 当归（三钱） 丹皮（三钱） 黄连（二钱） 升麻（一钱） 甘草（一钱）
方治脏毒。义取清火。而升麻一味。以升散为解除之法。使不下迫。且欲转下注之热。使逆挽而上不复
下注。目疾口舌之风火。亦可借其清火升散以解。升麻与葛根黄芩汤相仿。
槐角丸
槐角（三钱） 地榆（二钱） 黄连（一钱） 黄芩（三钱） 黄柏（三钱） 生地（三钱）
当归（三钱） 川芎（一钱） 防风（二钱） 荆芥（二钱） 侧柏（二钱） 枳壳（二钱）
乌梅（三枚） 生姜（一钱汁）
世谓肠风下血。问肠何以有风。则以外风由肺伤入大肠。内风由肝煽动血分。方用清火和血之药。亦
系通治血病之泛法。惟防风生姜。以祛外来之风。乌梅荆芥。以治内动之风。为肠风立法。本于仲景白
头翁及葛根诸汤之意。
葛根黄连黄芩汤
葛根（三钱） 黄连（二钱） 黄芩（三钱） 甘草（一钱）
治协热下利便血等症。用芩连以清热。用葛根升散。使下陷之邪。仍达于上。出于表。则不迫协于下矣。
喻嘉言治痢心得。逆流挽舟之法。仲景此汤。实该其意。能从此变化。而治痢思过半矣。
龙胆泻肝汤
木通（一钱） 泽泻（二钱） 柴胡（二钱） 车前子（三钱） 生地黄（三钱） 甘草（钱半）
当归（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 炒栀子（二钱） 龙胆草（二钱）
泻青丸
龙胆草（三钱） 大黄（一钱） 川芎（一钱） 当归（三钱） 羌活（一钱） 炒栀子（二钱）
防风（二钱） 竹叶（一钱）
济生乌梅丸
僵蚕（三钱） 乌梅（五枚） 醋丸
脏连丸
熟地（五钱） 山萸（三钱） 山药（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 丹皮（三钱） 黄连（二钱）
入猪大脏肠内。同糯米蒸熟。去米。捣肠与药为丸。淡盐汤下。
断红丸
鹿茸（三钱） 附子（二钱） 当归（五钱） 续断（三钱） 黄 （五钱） 阿胶（三钱） 侧柏叶（三钱） 醋
丸
地榆散
地榆（三钱） 当归（四钱） 白芍（三钱） 黄芩（三钱） 黄连（钱半） 炒栀子（二钱）
犀角（一钱） 薤白（二钱）
地榆治下血。薤白治后重逼胀。余药乃凉血常品。
四逆散
柴胡（三钱） 枳壳（二钱） 白芍（三钱） 甘草（钱半）
四肢厥冷。谓之四逆。仲景四逆汤。皆用温药。乃以热治寒之正法。至四逆散。则纯用清疏平和之品。亦
能治四肢厥冷。何也。盖虚寒固有四症。亦有热遏于内。不得四达。而亦四逆者。实热内伏。热深厥亦深。
非芩连大黄不克。虚热内伏。非玉烛散玉女煎不退。若是腠理不和。遏其阳气。则但用四逆散。枳壳甘
草。解中土之郁。而白芍以调其内。柴胡以达于外。斯气畅而四肢通。自不冷厥矣。此汤与小柴胡转输
外达相似。又疏平肝气。和降胃气之通剂。借用处尤多。
五苓散
白术（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 猪苓（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 桂枝（三钱）
仲景此方。治胸满发热。渴欲饮水。小便不利。而用桂枝入心以化胸前之水结。余皆脾胃中州之药。使
中上之水得通于下。则小便利。散于上则口渴除。达于外则身热解。今遇小便不利。便用五苓散。虽去
桂入膀胱化气。然桂实心肝之药。火交于水。乃借治法。不似附子台乌。本系膀胱正药也。且阴水可用。
而阳水绝不可用。
平胃散 胃苓汤。即此方合五苓散也。
浓朴（二钱） 陈皮（二钱） 苍术（三钱） 甘草（钱半）
石莲汤
人参（钱半） 黄芩（三钱） 黄连（二钱） 石莲（即莲米有黑壳者三钱）
胃火甚。则拒格不纳食。用芩连以清火。用人参石莲以补胃。故治噤口不食。
大清凉散
木通（一钱） 泽兰（二钱） 车前子（三钱） 甘草梢（一钱） 白僵蚕（三钱） 金银花（二钱）
蝉蜕（五钱） 全蝎（一钱） 川黄连（二钱） 炒栀子（三钱） 五味子（五钱） 龙胆草（二钱）
当归（三钱） 生地（三钱） 天门冬（三钱） 麦门冬（三钱） 牡丹皮（三钱） 黄芩（三钱）
知母（三钱） 黄酒（三钱） 蜂蜜（三钱） 童便（一杯） 泽泻（三钱）
诸药清热利水。使瘟毒伏热。从小便去。妙三虫引药及酒达于外。使外邪俱豁然而解。是彻内彻外之方。
左归饮
熟地（八钱） 山药（三钱） 枸杞（三钱） 甘草（钱半） 茯苓（四钱） 山萸（三钱）
难经谓左肾属水。右肾属火。景岳此方。取其滋水。故名左归。方取枣皮酸以入肝。使子不盗母之气。枸
杞赤以入心。使火不为水之仇。使熟地一味。滋肾之水阴。使茯苓一味。利肾之水质。有形之水质不去。
无形之水阴。亦不生也。然肾水实仰给于胃。故用甘草山药。从中宫以输水于肾。景岳方多驳杂。此亦
未可浓非。
血府逐瘀汤
当归（三钱） 生地（三钱） 桃仁（三钱） 红花（一钱） 枳壳（一钱） 赤芍（三钱）
柴胡（二钱） 桔梗（二钱） 川芎（一钱） 牛膝（二钱） 甘草（一钱）
王清任着医林改错。论多粗舛。惟治瘀血最长。所立三方。乃治瘀活套方也。一书中惟此汤歌诀。血化
下行不作痨句。颇有见识。凡痨所由成。多是瘀血为害。吾于血症诸门。言之綦详。并采此语以为印证。
膈下逐瘀汤
五灵脂（三钱） 当归（三钱） 川芎（一钱） 桃仁（三钱） 赤芍（二钱） 乌药（二钱）
牡丹皮（三钱） 玄胡（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 香附（三钱） 红花（一钱） 枳壳（一钱）
王清任立方。即当芎失笑散意。治中下焦瘀血可用。王清任极言瘀血之证最详。而所用药则仍浅近。
然亦有可用云。
土瓜根汤
桂枝（三钱） 白芍 土瓜根 虫（各等分）
大黄甘遂汤
大黄（二钱） 甘遂（一钱） 阿胶（二钱）
大黄下血。甘遂下水。君阿胶滋水与血以补之。泻不伤正。水血交结者。须本此法治之。
代抵当汤
大黄（一钱酒炒） 莪术（一钱） 山甲珠（三片） 红花（一钱） 桃仁（三钱） 丹皮（三钱）
当归（三钱） 牛膝（二钱） 夜明砂（三钱）
山甲攻血。夜明砂是蚊被蝙蝠食后所化之粪。蚊食人血。蝙蝠食蚊。故粪能去血。啮死血。余药破下。务
使瘀血不留。
化滞丸
巴豆（一钱去油） 三棱（二钱） 莪术（二钱） 青皮（一钱） 陈皮（一钱） 黄连（三钱）
半夏（三钱） 木香（二钱） 丁香（一钱）
蜜丸。攻一切寒热气滞之积。
大黄 虫丸
大黄（一钱） 黄芩（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 桃仁（三钱） 杏仁（三钱） 白芍（二钱）
干漆（一钱） 虻虫（一钱） 水蛭（三钱） 虫（二钱） 蛴螬（二钱） 地黄（二钱）
蜜丸酒服。治干血痨。旧血不去。则新血断不能生。干血痨。人皆知其极虚。而不知其补虚正是助病。非
治病也。必去其干血。而后新血得生。乃望回春。干血与寻常瘀血不同。瘀血尚可以气行之。干血与气
相隔。故用啮血诸虫以蚀之。
金蟾丸
干虾蟆（三钱） 胡黄连（二钱） 鹤虱（二钱） 雷丸（二钱） 芦荟（二钱） 肉豆蔻（二钱）
苦楝根（二钱） 芜荑（二钱） 雄黄（二钱）
治小儿疳虫。男子湿热所生之痨虫。以此杀之。夫痨虫有二。血化之虫。灵怪难治。必用鳖甲鳗鱼獭肝
百部麝香诸灵药。而再加和血之品。以除其根。乃能克之。湿热之虫蠢而易治。用此方。即仿乌梅丸之
意。而妙在干虾蟆。雄黄亦灵药。故治虫最效。
白头翁汤
白头翁（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 阿胶（三钱） 青皮（三钱） 黄连（三钱） 黄柏（三钱）
清风火。平肝治痢。
移尸灭怪汤
山萸肉（三钱） 人参（三钱） 当归（三钱） 虻虫（一钱） 水蛭（一钱） 晚蚕砂（三钱） 乳香（三钱）
蜜丸日服三次。共重一两。七日而传尸之虫灭迹。夫痨虫者。瘀血所化也。死而传染家人。亦染于血分。
聚血为巢。生子蚀血。故虻虫水蛭。下血即能下虫。此乃治虫之根。而蚕砂乳香枣皮。又以味杀之。人参
当归则助正气以祛邪。为攻补兼施之法。辨症奇闻论。皆循末忘本。惟此丸能知血化为虫之所以然。
而其自注。却未能及此。毋亦象罔乃得元珠哉。
紫参汤
紫参（三钱） 甘草（八钱）
先煮紫参。后入甘草。温服。
当归四逆汤
当归（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 桂枝（二钱） 细辛（一钱） 生姜（三钱） 大枣（四枚） 木通（一钱）
治手足痹痛寒冷。
抵当汤
大黄（二钱） 桃仁（三钱） 虻虫（三钱） 水蛭（三钱）
琥珀散
琥珀（一钱） 三棱（一钱） 莪术（一钱） 丹皮（二钱） 肉桂（一钱） 延胡索（一钱）
乌药（一钱） 当归（三钱） 赤芍（三钱） 生地（三钱） 刘寄奴（三钱）
方主行气下血。使经通而石瘕去。
叶氏养胃汤
麦冬（三钱） 扁豆（三钱） 玉竹（三钱） 甘草（一钱） 沙参（三钱） 桑叶（三钱）
清平甘润。滋养胃阴。在甘露饮救肺汤之间。
脾约丸
麻仁（三钱） 白芍（三钱） 大黄（一钱） 枳壳（一钱） 浓朴（二钱） 杏仁（三钱）
为末。蜜丸。润利大便。
三物汤
浓朴（二钱） 枳壳（一钱） 大黄（一钱）
附子汤
附子（五钱炮） 人参（三钱） 白术（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 白芍（三钱）
此仲景温肾之主剂。附子色黑大温。能补肾中之阳。肾阳者。水中之阳。泄水之阳者木也。故用白芍以
平之。封水之阳者土也。故用白术以填之。水中之阳。恐水邪泛溢则阳越。茯苓利水。俾阳不因水而泛。
阳斯秘矣。水中之阳。若无水津以养之。则阳不得其宅。故用人参以生水津。使养阳气。阳得所养。阳斯
冲矣。六味左归。补肾阴以养气之法。都气丸。所以得名也。附子汤。肾气丸。补肾阳以生气化气之法。
栀子豆豉汤
栀子（五钱） 淡豆豉（五钱）
服后得吐为快。
甘麦大枣汤
大枣（五枚） 甘草（三钱） 小麦（五钱）
三药平和。养胃生津化血。津水血液。下达子脏。则脏不燥。而悲伤太息诸证自去。此与麦门冬汤。滋胃
阴以达胞室之法相似。亦与妇人乳少。催乳之法相似。乳多即是化血之本。知催乳法。则知此汤生津润燥之法。
桃奴散
肉桂（一钱） 五灵脂（三钱） 香附子（三钱） 砂仁（一钱） 桃仁（三钱） 延胡索（三钱） 桃奴（三钱）
雄鼠屎（一钱）
三一承气汤
芒硝（三钱） 大黄（二钱） 枳壳（钱半） 浓朴（二钱） 甘草（一钱）
攻下火结之通剂。
都气丸
熟地（五钱） 山药（三钱） 云苓（三钱） 丹皮（三钱） 山萸肉（三钱） 泽泻（三钱） 五味子（一钱）
人身呼吸之气。司于肺而实根于肾。此气乃肾中一点真阳。而深赖肾中之水阴充足。涵阳气而潜藏
于下。故气退场门鼻。则有津液。气着于物。则如露水。以气从水中出。水气足。故气亦带水阴而出。其纳入
于肾也。有水封之。而气静秘。故肾水足者。其气细。龙能蛰。龟能息。世传仙术。有五龙蛰。有龟息。皆是敛
Jinye (Body Fluids). The subtlety lies in the descending and counterflow-reversing action of Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome), which causes the heat qi to subside with it. The subtlety also lies in the ascending and dispersing action of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger), which causes the Jinye (Body Fluids) to distribute with it. These two herbs, for patients with thirst, are originally contraindicated; yet in this formula, they can reverse their effect to stop thirst. This is not due to the merit of the two herbs themselves, but to the skillful utilization of them.
Huangtu Tang (Yellow Earth Decoction)
Zaoxintu (Fired Hearth Earth, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian) Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 3 qian) Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 2 qian) Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, 2 qian) Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root, 1.5 qian, processed)
Blood is governed by the Spleen. Bleeding that occurs after defecation indicates that the Spleen Qi fails to contain blood. Thus, during defecation, Qi descends and leaks, causing blood to follow downwards. The formula uses Zaoxintu (Fired Hearth Earth), Gancao (Licorice Root), and Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) to establish and tonify Spleen Earth, serving as the root for containing blood. When Qi sinks, Yang sinks with it; therefore, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) is used to invigorate Yang. When blood is damaged, Yin deficiency leads to fire agitation; thus, Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) is used to clear fire. Meanwhile, Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) and Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root) nourish the already deficient blood. In summary, this formula tonifies Qi and Blood while simultaneously using warming and cooling agents to harmonize it. It serves as a general formula for lower bleeding and metrorrhagia. Ancients regarded it as a sage formula and dared not modify it. I believe that while the Sage Masters established laws to indicate methods, practical application requires flexible adaptation. Therefore, for heat syndromes, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) can be removed and cooling herbs added; for cold syndromes, Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) can be removed and warming herbs added.
Chixiaodou Danggui San (Red Bean and Angelica Powder)
Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean, 3 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian)
This treats bleeding before defecation, known today as Zangdu (Visceral Toxin). The symptoms resemble hemorrhoids. Therefore, Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) is used to invigorate blood, and Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean), being red and entering the Blood aspect, when sprouted, can disperse and unblock stagnation within the blood, allowing the blood to dissolve and not accumulate at the anus. Chixiaodou sprouts can also transform blood into pus, utilizing their dispersing and unblocking properties. They are frequently used for carbuncles and sores. All are taken with Jiangshui (Sour Rice Water).
Jiedu Tang (Detoxification Decoction)
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 1 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 3 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian) Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark, 2 qian) Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit, stir-fried, 3 qian) Chishao (Red Peony Root, 2 qian)
Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 1 qian) Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit, 1 qian) Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian)
"Detoxification" refers to resolving Zangdu (Visceral Toxin). Zangdu arises from fire forcing stagnation in the anus, hence many purgative-fire herbs are used. Baishao (White Peony Root) is used to move blood; when blood moves, fire has no attachment. Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit) is used to move Qi; when Qi moves, fire naturally does not gather. Fire's blustering often relies on wind, so Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) is used to dispel wind and extinguish fire. Moreover, Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) ascends and reaches outward, causing fire to rise and disperse, preventing it from forcing stagnation in the anus. This aligns with the intent of Zhang Zhongjing's Baitouweng Tang (Pulsatilla Decoction).
Qingwei San (Clear Stomach Powder)
Shengdi (Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Cortex, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 2 qian) Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome, 1 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian)
This formula treats Zangdu (Visceral Toxin), with the principle of clearing fire. Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome) alone uses ascending and dispersing action as a method of resolution, preventing downward pressure. It aims to reverse the downward-flowing heat, making it ascend instead of continuing to flow down. Wind-fire affecting the eyes and mouth/tongue can also be resolved through its fire-clearing and ascending-dispersing actions. Shengma (Cimicifuga Rhizome) resembles Ge Gen Huang Qin Huang Lian Tang (Kudzu, Scutellaria, and Coptis Decoction).
Huaijiao Wan (Sophora Pill)
Huaijiao (Sophora Fruit, 3 qian) Dyu (Sanguisorba Root, 2 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 1 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian) Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmannia Root, 3 qian)
Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome, 1 qian) Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, 2 qian) Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike, 2 qian) Ce Bai Ye (Biota Tops, 2 qian) Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 2 qian)
Wumei (Mume Fruit, 3 pieces) Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 1 qian, juice)
The world calls intestinal wind lower bleeding, asking how the intestine can have wind. It is explained that external wind enters the Large Intestine via the Lung, and internal wind agitates the Blood aspect via the Liver. The formula uses fire-clearing and blood-harmonizing herbs, which is a general method for treating blood diseases. However, Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) and Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) dispel external wind, while Wumei (Mume Fruit) and Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike) treat internal moving wind. This legislation for intestinal wind is based on the intent of Zhang Zhongjing's Baitouweng Tang (Pulsatilla Decoction) and Gegen Tang (Kudzu Decoction).
Ge Gen Huang Qin Huang Lian Tang (Kudzu, Scutellaria, and Coptis Decoction)
Ge Gen (Kudzu Root, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 2 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian)
Treats symptoms such as diarrhea with concomitant heat and bloody stool. Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) and Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) clear heat, while Ge Gen (Kudzu Root) ascends and disperses, causing sinking pathogens to reach the upper body and exit via the exterior, thus avoiding downward pressure. Yu Jiayan's insights on treating dysentery, the "counter-current boat-pulling" method, are contained in the intent of Zhang Zhongjing's this decoction. By adapting from this, one can achieve significant progress in treating dysentery.
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang (Gentian Drain Liver Decoction)
Mutong (Akebia Stem, 1 qian) Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 2 qian) Chaihu (Bupleurum Root, 2 qian) Cheqianzi (Plantago Seed, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian)
Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian) Chao Zhizi (Stir-fried Gardenia Fruit, 2 qian) Longdan Cao (Gentian Root, 2 qian)
Xie Qing Wan (Drain Green Pill)
Longdan Cao (Gentian Root, 3 qian) Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 1 qian) Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome, 1 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome, 1 qian) Chao Zhizi (Stir-fried Gardenia Fruit, 2 qian)
Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, 2 qian) Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf, 1 qian)
Jisheng Wumei Wan (Urgency-Generating Mume Pill)
Jiangcan (Silkworm, 3 qian) Wumei (Mume Fruit, 5 pieces) Made into pills with vinegar.
Zanglian Wan (Intestine-Connected Pill)
Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root, 5 qian) Shanzhuyu (Cornus Fruit, 3 qian) Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome, 3 qian) Yunling (Poria, 3 qian) Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Cortex, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 2 qian)
Inserted into pig large intestine, steamed together with glutinous rice until cooked. Remove rice, pound the intestine and herbs into pills. Take with light salt water.
Duanhong Wan (Stop Redness Pill)
Lurong (Deer Antler, 3 qian) Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root, 2 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 5 qian) Xuduan (Drynaria Rhizome, 3 qian) Huangqi (Astragalus Root, 5 qian) Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, 3 qian) Ce Bai Ye (Biota Tops, 3 qian) Made into pills with vinegar.
Diyu San (Sanguisorba Powder)
Diyu (Sanguisorba Root, 3 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 4 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root, 3 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 1.5 qian) Chao Zhizi (Stir-fried Gardenia Fruit, 2 qian)
Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn, 1 qian) Xiebai (Allium Macrostemon Bulb, 2 qian)
Diyu (Sanguisorba Root) treats lower bleeding; Xiebai (Allium Macrostemon Bulb) treats tenesmus and distension. The remaining herbs are common cooling-blood agents.
Sini San (Reverse-Freeze Powder)
Chaihu (Bupleurum Root, 3 qian) Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 2 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian)
Cold limbs are called Sini (Reverse-Freeze). Zhang Zhongjing's Sini Tang (Reverse-Freeze Decoction) uses all warming herbs, which is the correct method of treating cold with heat. However, Sini San (Reverse-Freeze Powder) uses purely cooling, dispersing, and mild agents, yet can also treat cold limbs. Why? While deficiency-cold certainly presents with Sini (Reverse-Freeze), there are cases where heat is constrained internally and cannot reach the four extremities, also resulting in Sini (Reverse-Freeze). Excess heat lurking internally means deeper heat leads to deeper cold; this cannot be overcome without Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), and Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome). Deficiency heat lurking internally cannot be cleared without Yuzhu San (Jade Candle Powder) or Yunü Jian (Jade Maiden Decoction). If the cou li (skin pores) are disharmonious, obstructing Yang Qi, then only Sini San (Reverse-Freeze Powder) should be used. Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit) and Gancao (Licorice Root) resolve stagnation in the Middle Jiao (Earth), while Baishao (White Peony Root) harmonizes internally, and Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) reaches outward. Thus, Qi flows freely and limbs become warm, eliminating cold reversal. This decoction is similar to Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) in transferring and reaching outward; it is also a general agent for soothing and leveling Liver Qi and harmonizing and descending Stomach Qi, with many borrowed applications.
Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder)
Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 3 qian) Yunling (Poria, 3 qian) Zhuling (Polyporus, 3 qian) Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 3 qian) Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 3 qian)
Zhang Zhongjing's formula treats chest fullness, fever, thirst with desire to drink, and difficult urination. Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) enters the Heart to resolve water accumulation in the chest; the rest are herbs for the Middle Jiao (Spleen and Stomach), enabling water from the middle and upper parts to communicate downward, thus promoting urination; spreading upward resolves thirst; reaching the exterior resolves body heat. Now, encountering difficult urination, one uses Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder). Although removing Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) allows entry into the Bladder to transform Qi, Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) is actually a herb for the Heart and Liver. Fire interacting with water borrows this treatment method; it is unlike Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) or Taiwu (Curled Magnolia Bark), which are primary herbs for the Bladder. Furthermore, Yin-type edema can use it, but Yang-type edema absolutely cannot.
Pingwei San (Level the Stomach Powder) Weiling Tang (Stomach-Ling Decoction) is this formula combined with Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder).
Houpo (Magnolia Bark, 2 qian) Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel, 2 qian) Cangzhu (Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian)
Shilian Tang (Stone Lotus Decoction)
Renshen (Ginseng Root, 1.5 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 2 qian) Shilian (Stone Lotus Seed, i.e., lotus seed with black shell, 3 qian)
When Stomach Fire is severe, it rejects food intake. Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) and Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) clear fire; Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Shilian (Stone Lotus Seed) tonify the Stomach. Thus, it treats anorexia due to locked mouth.
Da Qingliang San (Great Clear-Cooling Powder)
Mutong (Akebia Stem, 1 qian) Zelan (Lysimachia Herb, 2 qian) Cheqianzi (Plantago Seed, 3 qian) Gancao Shao (Licorice Tip, 1 qian) Bai Jiangcan (White Silkworm, 3 qian) Jinyinhua (Honeysuckle Flower, 2 qian)
Chan Tui (Cicada Slough, 5 qian) Quanxie (Scorpion, 1 qian) Chuan Huanglian (Chuan Coptis Rhizome, 2 qian) Chao Zhizi (Stir-fried Gardenia Fruit, 3 qian) Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry, 5 qian) Longdan Cao (Gentian Root, 2 qian)
Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Tianmendong (Asparagus Tuber, 3 qian) Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber, 3 qian) Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex, 3 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian)
Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome, 3 qian) Huangjiu (Yellow Wine, 3 qian) Fengmi (Honey, 3 qian) Tongbian (Child's Urine, 1 cup) Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 3 qian)
All herbs clear heat and promote urination, allowing epidemic toxins and latent heat to exit via urine. The subtlety lies in the three insects guiding the medicine and wine reaching the exterior, causing external pathogens to resolve豁然ly. This is a formula penetrating both interior and exterior.
Zuo Gui Yin (Left Return Infusion)
Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root, 8 qian) Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome, 3 qian) Gouqi (Goji Berry, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian) Fuling (Poria, 4 qian) Shanzhuyu (Cornus Fruit, 3 qian)
The Nan Jing (Classic of Difficult Issues) states the left Kidney belongs to Water and the right Kidney to Fire. Zhang Jingyue's formula takes the meaning of nourishing Water, hence named Zuo Gui (Left Return). The formula uses Cornus Fruit (Shanzhuyu) sourness to enter the Liver, preventing the child from stealing the mother's Qi. Goji Berry (Gouqi) redness enters the Heart, preventing Fire from becoming the enemy of Water. Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root) nourishes Kidney Water-Yin. Fuling (Poria) drains Kidney Water-Quality. If tangible Water-Quality is not removed, intangible Water-Yin cannot generate. However, Kidney Water truly depends on the Stomach; thus, Gancao (Licorice Root) and Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome) transport water from the Middle Jiao to the Kidney. Zhang Jingyue's formulas are often mixed; this one should not be overly criticized.
Xuefu Zhuyu Tang (Blood Mansion Stasis-Expelling Decoction)
Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 qian) Honghua (Carthamus Flower, 1 qian) Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 1 qian) Chishao (Red Peony Root, 3 qian)
Chaihu (Bupleurum Root, 2 qian) Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, 2 qian) Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome, 1 qian) Niuxi (Achyranthes Root, 2 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian)
Wang Qingren wrote Yi Lin Gai Cuo (Correction of Errors in Medical Forest), whose discussions are mostly coarse and erroneous, except his expertise in treating blood stasis. His three established formulas are standard templates for treating stasis. Among the book, only the verse for this decoction, "Blood transforms and flows downward, preventing consumption," shows considerable insight. The formation of consumption (Lao) is mostly due to blood stasis harm. I have discussed this extensively in various sections of blood diseases and cite this verse for verification.
Gexia Zhuyu Tang (Diaphragm Stasis-Expelling Decoction)
Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Feces, 3 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome, 1 qian) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 qian) Chishao (Red Peony Root, 2 qian) Wuyao (Lindera Root, 2 qian)
Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex, 3 qian) Yuanhu (Corydalis Rhizome, 2 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian) Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome, 3 qian) Honghua (Carthamus Flower, 1 qian) Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 1 qian)
Wang Qingren's formula follows the intent of Chuanxiong Shixiao San (Ligusticum and Trogopterus Powder), usable for mid and lower Jiao blood stasis. Wang Qingren detailed stasis syndromes most thoroughly, though his chosen herbs remain shallow. Nevertheless, they are usable.
Tugua Gen Tang (Sweet Potato Root Decoction)
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 3 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root) Tugua Gen (Sweet Potato Root) E Chong (Ground Beetle) (equal parts)
Dahuang Gansui Tang (Rhubarb and Kansui Decoction)
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 2 qian) Gansui (Kansui Root, 1 qian) Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, 2 qian)
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) purges blood; Gansui (Kansui Root) purges water. The sovereign herb Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) nourishes Water and Blood to tonify. Purging does not injure healthy Qi. For water-blood binding, this method must be followed.
Dai Didang Tang (Substitute Strong Attack Decoction)
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 1 qian, wine-fried) Ezhu (Curcuma Rhizome, 1 qian) Shan Jia Zhu (Pangolin Scales, 3 slices) Honghua (Carthamus Flower, 1 qian) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Cortex, 3 qian)
Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Niuxi (Achyranthes Root, 2 qian) Yeming Sha (Night-Shining Sand, 3 qian)
Shan Jia Zhu (Pangolin Scales) attacks blood; Yeming Sha (Night-Shining Sand) is feces formed after bats eat mosquitoes. Mosquitoes drink human blood; bats eat mosquitoes; thus, the feces can remove blood and gnaw dead blood. Remaining herbs break and purge, ensuring no blood stasis remains.
Huazhi Wan (Resolve Stagnation Pill)
Badou (Croton Seed, 1 qian, oil removed) Sanleng (Sparganium Rhizome, 2 qian) Ezhu (Curcuma Rhizome, 2 qian) Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel, 1 qian) Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel, 1 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 3 qian)
Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome, 3 qian) Muxiang (Vladimiria Root, 2 qian) Dingxiang (Clove, 1 qian)
Honey pills. Attacks all accumulations of cold-heat and Qi stagnation.
Dahuang Zhechong Wan (Rhubarb and Ground Beetle Pill)
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 1 qian) Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 2 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 qian) Xingren (Apricot Kernel, 3 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root, 2 qian)
Ganqi (Dry Lacquer, 1 qian) Meng Chong (Blue Bottle Fly Larva, 1 qian) Shuizhi (Leech, 3 qian) E Chong (Ground Beetle, 2 qian) Qicao (Black Soldier Fly Larva, 2 qian) Dihuang (Rehmannia Root, 2 qian)
Honey pills taken with wine. Treats Dry Blood Consumption (Ganxue Lao). If old blood is not removed, new blood cannot generate. Everyone knows Dry Blood Consumption involves extreme deficiency, but failing to know that tonifying deficiency aids the disease rather than curing it. One must remove dry blood first, so new blood can generate, hoping for recovery. Dry blood differs from ordinary blood stasis; ordinary stasis can be moved by Qi, but dry blood is separated from Qi. Thus, blood-gnawing insects are used to erode it.
Jinchan Wan (Golden Toad Pill)
Gan Xama (Dried Toad, 3 qian) Hu Huanglian (Barberry Rhizome, 2 qian) Heshi (Nematode Parasite, 2 qian) Leiwan (Holostemma Fruit, 2 qian) Lvhui (Aloe, 2 qian) Roudoukou (Nutmeg, 2 qian)
Kulian Gen (Melia Root Bark, 2 qian) Wanyi (Myrobalan, 2 qian) Xionghuang (Realgar, 2 qian)
Treats pediatric malnutrition worms and tuberculosis worms generated by damp-heat in men, killing them with this formula. There are two types of tuberculosis worms: those transformed from blood are spiritual and difficult to treat, requiring Turtle Shell, Eel Liver, Tanacetum, Musk, and other spiritual herbs, plus blood-harmonizing agents to remove the root. Those from damp-heat are clumsy and easy to treat. This formula imitates Wumei Wan (Mume Pill), with the subtlety lying in Gan Xama (Dried Toad); Xionghuang (Realgar) is also a spiritual herb, making it highly effective for worms.
Baitouweng Tang (Pulsatilla Decoction)
Baitouweng (Pulsatilla Root, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, 3 qian) Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 3 qian) Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark, 3 qian)
Clears wind-fire, soothes the Liver, and treats dysentery.
Yishi Mieguai Tang (Displace Corpse Eliminate Strange Decoction)
Shanzhuyu Rou (Cornus Fruit Flesh, 3 qian) Renshen (Ginseng Root, 3 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Meng Chong (Blue Bottle Fly Larva, 1 qian) Shuizhi (Leech, 1 qian) Wancansha (Late Silkworm Sand, 3 qian) Ruxiang (Frankincense, 3 qian)
Honey pills, taken three times daily, total weight one liang. After seven days, transmission corpse worms leave no trace. Tuberculosis worms are transformed from blood stasis. Death transmits to family members, also infecting the blood aspect. Gathering blood as a nest, producing offspring to erode blood. Thus, Meng Chong (Blue Bottle Fly Larva) and Shuizhi (Leech) expel worms by purging blood. This addresses the root of worm treatment, while Cansha (Silkworm Sand), Ruxiang (Frankincense), and Zaopi (Date Pit) kill by flavor. Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) assist healthy Qi to expel pathogens, a method of attacking and tonifying simultaneously. Bian Zheng Qi Wen Lun (Strange Discussion on Syndrome Differentiation) follows details forgetting the root; only this pill understands why blood transforms into worms, though its self-note fails to reach this. Perhaps only the clueless obtain the pearl.
Zican Tang (Purple参 Decoction)
Zican (Purple参, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 8 qian)
Boil Zican (Purple参) first, then add Gancao (Licorice Root). Take warm.
Danggui Sini Tang (Angelica Reverse-Freeze Decoction)
Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root, 3 qian) Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 2 qian) Xixin (Asarum Root, 1 qian) Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 3 qian) Dazao (Jujube, 4 pieces) Mutong (Akebia Stem, 1 qian)
Treats numbness, pain, and cold in hands and feet.
Didang Tang (Strong Attack Decoction)
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 2 qian) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 qian) Meng Chong (Blue Bottle Fly Larva, 3 qian) Shuizhi (Leech, 3 qian)
Hupo San (Amber Powder)
Hupo (Amber, 1 qian) Sanleng (Sparganium Rhizome, 1 qian) Ezhu (Curcuma Rhizome, 1 qian) Danpi (Moutan Cortex, 2 qian) Rougui (Cinnamon Bark, 1 qian) Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome, 1 qian)
Wuyao (Lindera Root, 1 qian) Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root, 3 qian) Chishao (Red Peony Root, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmannia Root, 3 qian) Liu Jinu (Ayapana Herb, 3 qian)
The formula primarily moves Qi and purges blood, unblocking meridians to remove Shi Jia (Stone Fibroma).
Ye Shi Yangwei Tang (Master Ye's Nourish Stomach Decoction)
Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber, 3 qian) Biandou (Lablab Bean, 3 qian) Yuzhu (Polygonatum Rhizome, 3 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian) Shashen (Glehnia Root, 3 qian) Sangye (Mulberry Leaf, 3 qian)
Clear, mild, sweet, and moistening, nourishes Stomach Yin. Between Ganlu Yin (Sweet Dew Infusion) and Jiufei Tang (Save Lung Decoction).
Jiyue Wan (Spleen Restriction Pill)
Maren (Hemp Seed, 3 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root, 3 qian) Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 1 qian) Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 1 qian) Houpo (Magnolia Bark, 2 qian) Xingren (Apricot Kernel, 3 qian)
Powdered, honey pills. Moistens and lubricates bowels.
Sanwu Tang (Three-Item Decoction)
Houpo (Magnolia Bark, 2 qian) Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 1 qian) Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 1 qian)
Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction)
Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root, 5 qian, processed) Renshen (Ginseng Root, 3 qian) Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, 3 qian) Yunling (Poria, 3 qian) Baishao (White Peony Root, 3 qian)
This is Zhang Zhongjing's main agent for warming the Kidney. Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) is black and greatly warming, able to tonify Yang within the Kidney. Kidney Yang is Yang within Water; Wood drains Yang of Water, thus Baishao (White Peony Root) is used to calm it. Earth seals Yang of Water, thus Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) is used to fill it. Yang within Water fears water pathogens overflowing causing Yang to float; Fuling (Poria) promotes urination, ensuring Yang does not float due to water, thus Yang becomes secure. Yang within Water, if lacking fluid essence to nourish it, loses its residence; thus Renshen (Ginseng Root) generates fluid essence to nourish Yang Qi. When Yang is nourished, Yang becomes vigorous. Liuwei Zuo Gui (Six-Ingredient Left Return) is the method of tonifying Kidney Yin to nourish Qi. Duqi Wan (Duqi Pill) derives its name from this. Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction) and Shenqi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill) are methods of tonifying Kidney Yang to generate, transform, and activate Qi.
Zhizi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction)
Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit, 5 qian) Danshi (Fermented Soybean, 5 qian)
Feeling good after vomiting post-ingestion.
Ganmai Dazao Tang (Licorice, Wheat, and Jujube Decoction)
Dazao (Jujube, 5 pieces) Gancao (Licorice Root, 3 qian) Xiaomai (Wheat, 5 qian)
The three herbs are mild, nourishing Stomach, generating fluids, and transforming blood. Fluids and blood descend to the Zi Zang (Uterus), keeping the organ from dryness, thereby resolving sadness and sighing. This is similar to Maidong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction) in nourishing Stomach Yin to reach the Bao Shi (Womb). It is also similar to methods for inducing lactation in women with low milk. Abundant milk is the root of blood transformation; knowing lactation induction reveals this decoction's method of generating fluids and moistening dryness.
Taonu San (Peach Bud Powder)
Rougui (Cinnamon Bark, 1 qian) Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Feces, 3 qian) Xiangfuzi (Cyperus Fruit, 3 qian) Sharen (Amomum Fruit, 1 qian) Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 qian) Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome, 3 qian) Taonu (Peach Bud, 3 qian)
Xiong Shushi (Male Rat Feces, 1 qian)
Sanyi Chengqi Tang (Three-One Descending Qi Decoction)
Mangxiao (Mirabilite, 3 qian) Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, 2 qian) Zhike (Bitter Orange Fruit, 1.5 qian) Houpo (Magnolia Bark, 2 qian) Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian)
A general agent for purging fire knots.
Duqi Wan (Duqi Pill)
Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root, 5 qian) Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome, 3 qian) Yunling (Poria, 3 qian) Danpi (Moutan Cortex, 3 qian) Shanzhuyu Rou (Cornus Fruit Flesh, 3 qian) Zexie (Alisma Rhizome, 3 qian) Wuweizi (Schisandra Berry, 1 qian)
Human respiratory Qi is managed by the Lung but rooted in the Kidney. This Qi is a point of True Yang within the Kidney, deeply relying on sufficient Kidney Water-Yin to contain Yang Qi and hide it below. Thus, when Qi exits nose and mouth, there is fluid essence; when Qi touches objects, it appears like dew. Since Qi emerges from water, abundant water Qi means Qi also carries Water-Yin out. Upon entering the Kidney, it is sealed by water, keeping Qi quiet and secure. Thus, those with sufficient Kidney Water have fine Qi. Dragons can hibernate; turtles can breathe slowly. Immortal arts passed down include Five Dragon Hibernation and Turtle Breathing, all involving gathering