\r黄药根\pd361.bmp\r
味苦，平，无毒。主诸恶肿疮 ，喉痹，蛇犬咬毒。取根研服之，亦含亦涂。藤生
，高三、四尺，根及茎似小桑，生岭南。（今附）
臣禹锡等谨按日华子云∶黄药，凉。治马一切疾。
图经曰∶黄药根，生岭南，今夔、峡州郡及明、越、秦、陇州山中亦有之，以忠、万州
者为胜。藤生，高三、四尺，
根及茎似小桑，十月采根。秦州出者谓之红药子，叶似荞麦，枝梗赤色，七月开白花，其根
初采湿时红赤色，曝干即黄。
开州兴元府又产一种苦药子，大抵与黄药相类。主五脏邪气，治肺压热，除烦躁，亦入马药
用。春采根曝干。又下有药
实根条云∶生蜀郡山谷。苏恭云∶即药子也。用其核仁。《本经》误载根字，疑即黄药之实，
然云生叶似杏，花红白色，
子肉味酸，此为不同。今亦稀用，故附于此。孙思邈《千金月令》疗忽生瘿疾一、二年者。
以万州黄药子半斤，须紧重
者为上。如轻虚，即是他州者，力慢，须用一倍。取无灰酒一斗，投药其中，固济瓶口。以
糠火烧一复时，停腾，待酒
冷即开。患者时时饮一盏，不令绝酒气。经三、五日后，常须把镜自照，觉消即停饮，不尔
便令人项细也。刘禹锡《传
信方》亦着其效，云得之邕州从事张 。 目击有效，复己试，其验如神。其方
小异处，惟烧酒候香气出外，
瓶头有津出即止，不待一宿，火仍不得太猛，酒有灰。
经验方∶治咯血。黄药、汉防己各一两，为末。每服一钱匕，水一盏，小麦二十粒同煎，
食后
气。用黄药子一斤浸洗净，酒一斗浸之。每日早晚常服一盏。忌一切毒物及不得喜怒。但以
线子逐日度瘿，知其效。简
要济众治鼻衄不止。黄药子为末。每服二钱匕，煎薄胶汤下。良久，以新汲水调面末一匙头
服之，又方∶敷疮药。
子四两为末，以冷水调敷疮上，干即旋敷之。兵部手集治鼻衄出血，
王郎中得方∶以新汲水摩黄
药子一碗，勿令绝稀，顿服立瘥。
衍义曰∶黄药，亦治马心肺热，有功。
Huangyao Gen (Rhizoma Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae)
Bitter in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats various malignant swellings and sores, Hou Bi (sore throat with swelling and obstruction), and poisoning from snake and dog bites. Take the root, grind it, and ingest; it can also be held in the mouth or applied externally. It is a vine, three to four chi tall, with roots and stems resembling those of small mulberry trees, growing in the Lingnan region. (Later addition)
Min Yuxi et al. note according to Ri Hua Zi: Huang Yao is cool in nature. It treats all diseases of horses.
Tu Jing Ben Cao records: Huangyao Gen grows in the Lingnan region. Currently, it is also found in the mountains of Kuizhou, Xiazhou Commandery, Mingzhou, Yuezhou, Qinzhou, and Longzhou Prefecture, with those from Zhongzhou and Wanzhou being superior. It is a vine, three to four chi tall, with roots and stems similar to small mulberry trees. The roots are harvested in October. Those from Qinzhou are called Hong Yao Zi (Red Yao Zi). The leaves resemble buckwheat leaves, the branches and stems are reddish, and white flowers bloom in July. When freshly harvested and wet, the roots are red; they turn yellow when dried in the sun.
Kaizhou Xingyuan Fu also produces a type called Ku Yao Zi (Bitter Yao Zi), which is generally similar to Huang Yao. It treats evil qi in the five zang organs, relieves lung heat compression, eliminates irritability, and is also used in veterinary medicine for horses. Roots are harvested in spring and dried. The following section on Yaoshi Gen states: Grows in the valleys of Shujun. Su Gong says: It is the Yao Zi. Use its kernel. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* erroneously recorded "root"; it is suspected to be the fruit of Huang Yao. However, it describes leaves like apricot leaves, red-and-white flowers, and sour-tasting flesh, which differs from Huang Yao. It is rarely used now, so it is appended here. Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Yueling* treats sudden onset goiter lasting one or two years. Use half a jin of Huang Yao Zi from Wanzhou, selecting those that are dense and heavy as the best quality. If light and hollow, they are from other provinces, have weaker efficacy, and require double the dosage. Take one dou of wine without ash residue, put the herb into it, seal the bottle mouth tightly. Roast over chaff fire for the duration of one meal, then stop heating and let it cool. Open when the wine is cold. The patient should drink one cup occasionally, ensuring the aroma of wine is not completely lost. After three to five days, frequently look in a mirror; stop drinking when the swelling subsides, otherwise, it may cause the neck to become too thin. Liu Yuxi's *Chuanxin Fang* also records its efficacy, stating it was obtained from Zhang, an official in Yongzhou. Witnessed effectiveness personally, and self-tested, with miraculous results. The slight difference in the formula lies in the heating process: stop when the fragrance escapes the bottle and droplets appear at the neck, without waiting for a whole night. The fire must not be too strong, and the wine must be free of ash.
Empirical Formula: Treats hemoptysis. Huang Yao and Han Fangji each 1 liang, ground into powder. Take 1 qianbi per dose, decoct with one cup of water and 20 wheat grains, take after meals. Soak 1 jin of washed Huang Yao Zi in one dou of wine. Take one cup daily morning and evening. Avoid all toxic substances and emotional extremes of anger and joy. Measure the goiter daily with a thread to monitor efficacy. *Jianyao Jizhong* treats persistent epistaxis. Grind Huang Yao Zi into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, swallow with decocted thin gelatin soup. After some time, take one spoonful of flour paste mixed with fresh well water. Another method: Poultice for sores. Grind 4 liang of Huang Yao Zi into powder, mix with cold water, apply to the sore, and reapply as it dries. *Bingbu Shouji* treats epistaxis. Wang Langzhong obtained a formula: Grind Huang Yao Zi in fresh well water to make one bowl, do not make it too thin, take once in a single dose for immediate recovery.
Yanyi states: Huang Yao also treats heart and lung heat in horses and has merit.