足少阳胆经。为清净之府。官中正。主决断。与肝为表里。属东方甲木。用与性情等。皆不外乎肝。而惊则伤胆。
脉受三焦之交。三焦脉终于目锐 。胆脉即起于目锐 。病则目锐 痛。上抵头角。主头角痛。下耳后。循颈至肩上。
入缺盆。其支者。从耳后入耳中。出耳前。至目锐 后。其支者。别锐 。抵于 。下颈合缺盆。故颊颔耳后痛。颈缺
盆肿痛。
皆属胆。从是下胸中。贯膈络肝属胆。循胁里。出气街。绕毛际。横入髀枢中。其直者。从缺盆。下腋循胸。过季胁。
下合髀枢中。故心胁肋髀。痛不能转侧。颈项腋胁。生疮为马刀侠瘿皆属胆。下循髀阳。出膝外廉。下外辅骨之前。直
下抵外踝以上绝骨之端。下出外踝之前。循足跗上。入小指次指之间。其支者。别足跗上。循大指本节之后岐骨内。出
其端。还贯爪甲。出爪甲后三毛。故胆病胫膝至外踝。及大指诸节皆痛。又胆汁味苦为口苦。胆气不舒。为善大息。少
阳气郁。为面有尘气。体无膏泽。少阳有火。为汗出。胆之大略如此。
足少阴肾经。居左手尺部。与足太阳膀胱为表里。肾脏膀胱腑。言其体属北方癸水。盖人之有肾。如树之有根。枝
叶
虽枯槁。本立将自生。故上部无脉。下部有脉。虽困无能为害。言其用。肾纳气。又藏志。存神守精谓之志。专一而不
移。故曰作强之官。伎巧于是乎出。其窍通于耳。肾和则耳辨五音。言其性情之杂着。肾主液。自入为唾。故肾损唾中
有血。其传于五脏者。亦各自有液。其为各脏所传者。肺主声。入肾为呻。心主臭。入肾为腐。脾主味。入肾为咸。
肝主色。入肾为黑。其为六淫所中。寒疾皆根据于肾。而兼恶湿。如久坐湿地。或带汗入水。肾受伤矣。其为七情所害。
恐
则志窒不遂。水气旋怯。脾土乘之。其有不内外因而病者。劳役阴阳。每伤肾也。脉受足太阳之交。膀胱终于足小指。
肾脉即起于足小指之下。斜趋足心。故肾病为足下热而痛。循内踝之后。别入跟中。上 内出 内廉。上股内后廉。贯
脊属肾络膀胱。故病先发于肾者。必腰脊痛。胫酸。其直者。从肾上贯肝膈。入肺中。故肾病主咳。循喉咙挟舌本。故
为舌干嗌干咽肿。其支者。从肺出络心。注胸中。故为烦心为心痛。诊脉如十五菽之重浮于十五菽者。膀胱脉也。按之
与骨相得曰沉。故伤肾骨瘦如柴。次重按之。脉道无力为濡。举止流利为滑。此平脉也。若缓漫则土来克水为贼邪。腰
间凝滞。膀胱壅塞。阴痿脚轻重。洪则属火为微邪。盗汗发渴。小便赤涩。脚作酸疼。此乃肾虚。小便血。女人血淋血
崩为患。浮属金为虚邪。金水相合。母令子虚。子虚则水衰。水衰则火盛。而侮金。金无所恃。致风入肺。虚喘耳鸣。
膀胱热。涩则主伤精。弦从肝为实邪。风寒在下焦。头旋腰痛。筋疼。浮紧应耳聋。又有正邪。滑者肾脉滑而实。如土
丸之堕而急甚。茎中痛。小便闭。如小豆在潮而无力主肾虚。沉者阴脉。沉见三部。肾脏寒。皮燥毛干津液少而喜饮。
或水溢于上而多唾。肾之积。名曰奔豚。发于小腹。上至心下如豚状。上下无时。以夏丙丁日得之。盖脾邪传肾。肾当
传心。心旺不受邪。肾复欲还脾。脾不受。故留结为积。肾实则梦腰有所系。虚则梦溺水。或梦鬼神。若肾绝而真脏脉
见。按之如乱丸如弹石。如解索。其见于外者。肾邪浸淫各脏。黑色见于耳目口鼻。至舌黑必死。或项筋舒展。瞳人反
背。遗尿不禁。戊日笃。己日死。死于辰戌丑未时。肾之大略如此。
Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. It is the mansion of purity and clarity. It serves as the official of uprightness, governing judgment. It forms an interior-exterior relationship with the Liver, belonging to Jia Wood of the East. Its functions and temperaments are all encompassed by those of the Liver, yet fright injures the Gallbladder.
The pulse is influenced by the intersection with the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). The Sanjiao pulse terminates at the outer canthus (lateral corner of the eye). The Gallbladder pulse originates from the outer canthus. When diseased, there is pain in the outer canthus. It ascends to reach the temporal region, governing pain in the temporal region. It descends behind the ear, follows the neck to the shoulder.
It enters the Quepen (supraclavicular fossa). A branch enters the ear from behind the ear, emerges before the ear, and reaches the posterior aspect of the outer canthus. Another branch diverges from the lateral canthus, reaches the cheekbone, descends along the neck to converge with the Quepen. Therefore, pain in the cheek, mandible, and behind the ear; swelling and pain in the neck and supraclavicular fossa all belong to the Gallbladder. From here it descends into the chest, pierces the diaphragm, connects with the Liver and belongs to the Gallbladder. It follows the interior of the hypochondrium, emerges at the Qichong (inguinal region), circles the pubic hair margin, and horizontally enters the Bitshu (hip joint). The straight branch descends from the Quepen, passes through the axilla along the chest, crosses the costal margin, and converges downward with the Bitshu. Therefore, pain in the heart, hypochondrium, ribs, and hip, preventing turning to either side; sores such as Machdao and Xiaying (scrofula) occurring in the neck, nape, axilla, and hypochondrium all belong to the Gallbladder. It descends along the Biyang meridian, emerges at the lateral aspect of the knee, descends anterior to the fibula, goes straight down to the end of the Juegu (below the head of the fibula) above the external malleolus. It emerges anterior to the external malleolus, follows the dorsum of the foot, and enters between the second toe. A branch diverges on the dorsum of the foot, follows the medial side of the interphalangeal bone after the first metatarsophalangeal joint, emerges at its tip, returns to penetrate the nail bed, and emerges three hairs beyond the nail. Therefore, Gallbladder disease causes pain in the lower leg, knee to external malleolus, and all joints of the big toe. Additionally, bitter bile taste leads to a bitter mouth; stagnation of Gallbladder Qi leads to frequent sighing; depression of Shaoyang Qi leads to a dusty complexion and lack of luster in the body; fire in Shaoyang leads to sweating. Such is the general overview of the Gallbladder.
Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. Located at the Chi position of the left hand. It forms an interior-exterior relationship with the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian. Regarding the Kidney and Bladder organs, their substance belongs to Gui Water of the North. Essentially, having kidneys in humans is like a tree having roots; although branches and leaves may wither, if the root stands firm, it will naturally regenerate. Therefore, if there is no pulse in the upper part but pulse in the lower part, even in critical condition, it poses no fatal threat. Regarding its function, the Kidney grasps Qi and stores Zhi (Will). Preserving spirit and guarding essence is called Zhi, being focused and unchanging. Thus it is called the Official of Strength, from which skills and ingenuity emerge. Its orifice connects to the ear; when Kidney Qi is harmonious, the ear distinguishes the five tones. Regarding associated conditions, the Kidney governs fluids; entering internally it becomes saliva. Thus, Kidney damage results in blood in saliva. When transmitted to the Five Zang organs, each has its corresponding fluid: Lung governs voice, entering the Kidney it becomes groaning; Heart governs odor, entering the Kidney it becomes putrid; Spleen governs taste, entering the Kidney it becomes salty; Liver governs color, entering the Kidney it becomes black. Diseases caused by the Six Excesses (pathogenic factors): cold diseases all originate from the Kidney and are accompanied by aversion to dampness, such as sitting long on wet ground or entering water with sweat, injuring the Kidney. Diseases caused by the Seven Emotions: fear obstructs the Will, causing weakness of Water Qi, allowing Spleen Earth to overact. Non-internal or non-external causes: labor and exhaustion of Yin and Yang often injure the Kidney. The pulse is influenced by the intersection with the Foot-Taiyang meridian. The Bladder pulse terminates at the little toe. The Kidney pulse originates below the little toe, slanting towards the sole. Therefore, Kidney disease presents as heat and pain in the sole. It follows behind the medial malleolus, diverges into the heel, ascends past the medial malleolus to the medial aspect of the leg, ascends along the posterior medial aspect of the thigh, pierces the spine, belongs to the Kidney, and connects with the Bladder. Therefore, diseases originating in the Kidney inevitably present with lumbar and spinal pain, and tibial soreness. The straight branch ascends from the Kidney, pierces the Liver and diaphragm, enters the Lung. Therefore, Kidney disease primarily manifests as cough. It follows the throat, flanking the base of the tongue, thus presenting as dry tongue, dry pharynx, and swollen throat. A branch exits the Lung, connects with the Heart, and pours into the chest. Therefore, it presents as vexing heat in the heart and heart pain. Palpating the pulse with the weight of fifteen beans floating at the level of fifteen beans indicates the Bladder pulse. Pressing until the pulse feels against the bone is termed Chen (Deep). Thus, Kidney injury leads to emaciation. Pressing further, a pulse that is forceless is Ru (Soggy); one that flows smoothly is Hua (Slippery); these are normal pulses. If slow and loose, Earth overacts on Water, constituting Robber Evil, leading to stagnation in the waist, Bladder obstruction, impotence, and heaviness in the legs. If Hong (Surging), it belongs to Fire, constituting Minor Evil, leading to night sweats, thirst, red and scanty urine, and soreness in the legs; this is Kidney deficiency. Hematuria, women's blood strangury and metrorrhagia occur. Floating indicates Metal, constituting Deficient Evil. Metal and Water combine; the Mother makes the Child deficient. Child deficiency leads to Water decline; Water decline leads to Fire excess, which insults Metal. Metal loses support, leading to Wind entering the Lung, deficiency wheezing, and tinnitus. Bladder heat; Se (Choppy) indicates injury to Essence. Xian (Wiry) coming from the Liver constitutes Real Evil; Wind-Cold in the Lower Jiao causes dizziness, lumbar pain, and tendon pain; Floating and Tight corresponds to deafness. There is also Proper Evil: Slippery indicates Kidney pulse is slippery and solid, like a clay pill falling rapidly; pain in the penis and urinary retention. Like a small bean in tide but forceless indicates Kidney deficiency. Chen (Deep) is a Yin pulse; Deep appearing in all three positions indicates Kidney Cold; dry skin, dry hair, little body fluids, and desire to drink. Or water overflowing upwards leading to excessive salivation. Kidney accumulation is named Ben Tun (Rushing Pig), originating in the lower abdomen, ascending to below the heart like a pig, moving up and down without fixed time. Acquired on Bing or Ding days in summer. Essentially, Spleen Evil transmits to the Kidney; the Kidney should transmit to the Heart. Since Heart is prosperous and does not accept Evil, the Kidney attempts to return to the Spleen; the Spleen does not accept it, so it remains and accumulates. Fullness of the Kidney dreams of being tied at the waist; deficiency dreams of drowning or ghosts/gods. If Kidney is exhausted and True Organ Pulse appears, pressing feels like scattered pills, like striking stones, or like unraveling a rope. Externally manifested, Kidney Evil infiltrates various organs; black color appears in ears, eyes, mouth, and nose; black tongue indicates certain death. Or neck tendons relax, pupils roll back, and involuntary urination. Condition worsens on Wu day; dies on Ji day; dies during Chen, Xu, Chou, or Wei hours. Such is the general overview of the Kidney.